1
|
Folkers K, Simonsen R. Two successful double-blind trials with coenzyme Q10 (vitamin Q10) on muscular dystrophies and neurogenic atrophies. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1995; 1271:281-6. [PMID: 7599221 DOI: 10.1016/0925-4439(95)00040-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (vitamin Q10) is biosynthesized in the human body and is functional in bioenergetics, anti-oxidation reactions, and in growth control, etc. It is indispensable to health and survival. The first double-blind trial was with twelve patients, ranging from 7-69 years of age, having diseases including the Duchenne, Becker, and the limb-girdle dystrophies, myotonic dystrophy. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, and the Welander disease. The control coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) blood level was low and ranged from 0.5-0.84 microgram/ml. They were treated for three months with 100 mg daily of CoQ10 and a matching placebo. The second double-blind trial was similar with fifteen patients having the same categories of disease. Since cardiac disease is established to be associated with these muscle diseases, cardiac function was blindly monitored, and not one mistake was made in assigning CoQ10 and placebo to the patients in both trials. Definitely improved physical performance was recorded. In retrospect, a dosage of 100 mg was too low although effective and safe. Patients suffering from these muscle dystrophies and the like, should be treated with vitamin Q10 indefinitely.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Folkers
- Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Texas at Austin 78705, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Walter RJ, Hyun J. Increased viability and differentiation of normal and dystrophic striated muscle in vitro. IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY : JOURNAL OF THE TISSUE CULTURE ASSOCIATION 1986; 22:535-41. [PMID: 3759795 DOI: 10.1007/bf02621140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Primary cultures of muscle from normal (line 412) and dystrophic (line 413) chick embryos were exposed to corticosterone-21-acetate (C-21-A) or sodium ibuprofen (Motrin) for 28 d after myotube formation. Ibuprofen (0.5 to 500 micrograms/ml) or C-21-A (0.4 to 40 micrograms/ml)-treated cultures were fixed and assessed semiquantitatively using phase microscopy. On this basis, ibuprofen (50 micrograms/ml) and C-21-A (40 micrograms/ml) seemed to be effective in maintaining both normal and dystrophic muscle cultures. Using ibuprofen and C-21-A at these concentrations, experiments were repeated and analyzed quantitatively. Ibuprofen maintained culture viability (up to 68% more myotubes than untreated controls) but had no significant effect on the number of striated cells. C-21-A effectively maintained culture viability (up to 73% increase) and strongly promoted the formation of striated cells in these cultures (up to a sixfold increase). Both normal and dystrophic cultures were affected similarly by these agents, but the dystrophic cultures showed more consistent if not more extensive improvements in the parameters examined here. Thus, it seems that ibuprofen and C-21-A may affect both normal and dystrophic muscle directly to maintain survival and even promote differentiation.
Collapse
|
3
|
Bianchi R, Paro M, Ghidotti G, Mussini E. Changes in muscle esterases in genetically dystrophic and control littermate mice. Muscle Nerve 1982; 5:485-9. [PMID: 7133044 DOI: 10.1002/mus.880050611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The hypothesis that the existence of a family of isoenzymes is at the basis of the heterogeneity of esterase activity among skeletal muscles from dystrophic Re 129J and control littermate mice was tested using isoelectrofocusing (IEF) in polyacrylamide gel. All muscles considered showed not only quantitative heterogeneity, as previously observed in this laboratory, but also qualitative differences with regard to their esterase isoenzymes. Differences in the number and the relative amounts of isoenzymatic bands were found between different muscles from both control and dystrophic animals. In most dystrophic muscles a new isoenzymatic band appeared at pH 6.6. Another band, identified at pH 5.12, was more pronounced in dystrophic than in control muscles. The specificity of these observations is indirectly supported by the fact that other tissue, such as heart, liver, and kidney, did not show the quantitative or qualitative abnormality present in the dystrophic skeletal muscles.
Collapse
|
4
|
Hudecki MS, Pollina CM, Heffner RR. Parenteral branched-chain amino acid treatment and avian dystrophy. Muscle Nerve 1982; 5:447-57. [PMID: 7133040 DOI: 10.1002/mus.880050606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Genetically homozygous line 413 dystrophic chickens were given twice-daily intraperitoneal injections of solutions containing branched-chain amino acids (BCCA-leucine, valine, isoleucine) either alone or in combination; and their alpha-ketoacid analogs (alpha-ketoisocaproic and alpha-ketoisovaleric acids). Another trial consisted of an amino acid mixture containing BCAA. Amino acid supplementation in each case significantly prolonged righting ability measured regularly by a standardized flip-test procedure. Enhanced functional ability was not generally accompanied by a decrease in plasma creatine kinase activity. However, a measurable increase in the affected pectoralis major muscle mass and protein content (female chickens in particular) was found with BCAA therapy. Moreover, the increase in muscle bulk was attended in some cases by a reduction in the relative number of degenerating fibers quantitated microscopically. Contrariwise, the amino acid mixture caused a reduction in pectoralis muscle mass. It is concluded that parenteral BCAA therapy offers limited benefit in retarding dystrophic symptoms in the chickens.
Collapse
|
5
|
Garber A, Schwartz R, Seidel C, Silvers A, Entman M. Skeletal muscle protein and amino acid metabolism in hereditary mouse muscular dystrophy. Accelerated protein turnover and increased alanine and glutamine formation and release. J Biol Chem 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)70649-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
|
6
|
Cosmos E, Butler J. Animal models of muscle diseases, Part III: Compilation of therapeutic trials for hereditary muscular dystrophy. Muscle Nerve 1980; 3:427-35. [PMID: 7421876 DOI: 10.1002/mus.880030508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
7
|
|
8
|
Cardinet GH, Holliday TA. NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS: A SUMMARY OF MUSCLE BIOPSIES FROM 159 CASES. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1979. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1979.tb37353.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
9
|
|
10
|
Munsat TL. PHARMACOLOGIC THERAPY OF DYSTROPHY IN MAN AND ANIMALS. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1979. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1979.tb37369.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
11
|
|
12
|
Cardinet GH, Holliday TA. NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS: A SUMMARY OF MUSCLE BIOPSIES FROM 159 CASES. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1979. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1979.tb56538.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
13
|
Mrak RE, Baskin RJ. Calcium transport and phosphoenzyme formation in dystrophic mouse sarcoplasmic reticulum. BIOCHEMICAL MEDICINE 1978; 19:47-70. [PMID: 146490 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2944(78)90006-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
14
|
Kitahara A, Imai F, Takaya S, Sato K. Enzyme alteration in skeletal muscle of mice with muscular dystrophy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1977; 500:256-66. [PMID: 412523 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(77)90018-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
1. Developmental enzyme alterations were investigated in skeletal muscle of the hereditary progressive muscular dystrophy (PMD) mice of C57BL/6J strain. 2. Enzymes examined were classified into three groups according to changes of activities in dystrophy muscle during ageing. Activities of creatine kinase (EC 2.7.3.2), pyruvate kinase (EC 2.7.1.40), glycogen phosphorylase (EC 2.4.1.1), and fructose-biphosphate aldolase (EC 4.1.2.13), each of which had the respective muscle specific isoenzyme of extremely high activity in normal adult skeletal muscle, decreased rapidly in dystrophy muscle from the early stage of the disease with ageing. Activities of glycogen synthase (EC 2.4.1.11) and hexokinase (EC 2.7.1.1) were higher in dystrophy muscle in the early stage but decreased gradually to lower levels than those in the control with ageing. Activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49) were always much higher in dystrophy muscle than in the control, with no relation to ageing. 3. Isoenzymes of creatine kinase, pyruvate kinase and phosphorylase in dystrophy muscle were mainly the muscle types, indicating that muscle differentiation was not blocked profoundly even in dystrophy muscle. In limited cases, especially in the early stage of the disease, very weak activities of the non-muscle fetal type isoenzymes of creatine kinase and phosphorylase were detected, apparently associated with partial muscle regeneration in dystrophy muscle.
Collapse
|
15
|
Morrissey JJ, Kerwar SS. Studies on myofibrillar protein synthesis in chicken muscular dystrophy. Life Sci 1977; 20:1091-6. [PMID: 850460 DOI: 10.1016/0024-3205(77)90297-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
16
|
|
17
|
|
18
|
|
19
|
Morphologische Untersuchungen an Hamstern des Stammes BIO 8262 mit erblicher Myopathie und Kardiomyopathie. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1974. [DOI: 10.1016/s0005-8165(74)80096-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
20
|
Paul CV, Powell JA. Organ culture studies of coupled fetal cord and adult muscle from normal and dystrophic mice. J Neurol Sci 1974; 21:365-79. [PMID: 4595517 DOI: 10.1016/0022-510x(74)90039-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
21
|
|
22
|
Hironaka T, Miyata Y. Muscle transplantation in the aetiological elucidation of murine muscular dystrophy. NATURE: NEW BIOLOGY 1973; 244:221-3. [PMID: 4516596 DOI: 10.1038/newbio244221a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
23
|
Powell JA. Development of normal and genetically dystrophic mouse muscle in tissue culture. I. Prefusion and fusion activities of muscle cells: phase contrast and time lapse study. Exp Cell Res 1973; 80:251-64. [PMID: 4583191 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4827(73)90295-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
24
|
Pachter BR, Davidowitz J, Breinin GM. Morphological changes associated with the myoneural junction in extraocular muscle of the dystrophic mouse. Acta Neuropathol 1973; 24:214-21. [PMID: 4758778 DOI: 10.1007/bf00687591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
25
|
John HA, Thomas NS, Larson P, Jones KW. Structural changes in myosin in dystrophic, denervated and regenerating muscle in mice. J Neurol Sci 1973; 18:421-33. [PMID: 4144661 DOI: 10.1016/0022-510x(73)90136-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
26
|
Max SR, Brady RO. Alteration of the ganglioside composition of skeletal muscle in murine muscular dystrophy. NATURE: NEW BIOLOGY 1971; 233:55-6. [PMID: 5286359 DOI: 10.1038/newbio233055a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
27
|
Danowski TS, Folkers K, Wissinger HA, Hohmann TC, Gerneth JA, Vester JW. Hexahydrocoenzyme Q 4 in pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy. J Pharm Sci 1971; 60:640-2. [PMID: 5128384 DOI: 10.1002/jps.2600600437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
28
|
|
29
|
Scholler J, Jones D, Littarru GP, Folkers K. Therapy of hereditary mouse muscular dystrophy with coenzyme Q7. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1970; 41:1298-305. [PMID: 5483632 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(70)90230-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
30
|
Godinez MH, Trumpower BL, Carpenter PC, Olson RE. The biosynthesis of isoprenoid lipids including ubiquinone in muscle from normal and genetically dystrophic mice. Arch Biochem Biophys 1970; 140:39-46. [PMID: 5460184 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(70)90007-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
31
|
|
32
|
|