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Dahl K, Andersen M, Henriksen TB. Association between auditory system pathology and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS): a systematic review. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e055318. [PMID: 34911724 PMCID: PMC8679124 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A theory has emerged, suggesting that abnormalities in the auditory system may be associated with sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). However, current clinical evidence has never been systematically reviewed. DESIGN A systematic review was conducted according to the guideline of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. DATA SOURCES PubMed, Embase and Web of Science were systematically searched through 7 September 2020. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES Only human studies with a reference group were included. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they examined infants exposed to otoacoustic emissions (OAEs), auditory brainstem response (ABR) or had autopsies with brainstem histology of the auditory system. SIDS was the primary outcome, while the secondary outcome was near-miss sudden infant death syndrome episodes. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Two independent reviewers extracted data and assessed risk of bias, and the quality of evidence. Due to high heterogeneity, a narrative synthesis was conducted. Risk of bias and quality of evidence was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation. RESULTS Twelve case-control studies were included. Seven studies on OAEs or ABR had a high degree of inconsistency. Contrarily, four out of five studies reporting on brainstem histology found that auditory brainstem abnormalities were more prevalent in SIDS cases than in controls. However, the quality of evidence across all studies was very low. CONCLUSION This systematic review found no clear association between auditory system pathology and SIDS. The higher prevalence of histological abnormalities in the auditory system of SIDS may indicate an association. However, further studies of higher quality and larger study populations are needed to determine whether these findings are valid. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020208045.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrine Dahl
- Clinical Medicine, Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mads Andersen
- Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Tine Brink Henriksen
- Clinical Medicine, Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Lavezzi AM, Ottaviani G, Matturri L. Developmental alterations of the auditory brainstem centers--pathogenetic implications in Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. J Neurol Sci 2015; 357:257-63. [PMID: 26254624 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2015.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), despite the success of campaigns to reduce its risks, is the leading cause of infant death in the Western world. Even though the pathogenesis remains unexplained, brainstem abnormalities of the neuronal network that mediates breathing and protective responses to asphyxia, particularly in the arousal phase from sleep, are believed to play a fundamental role. This is the first study to identify, in SIDS, developmental defects of specific brainstem centers involved in hearing pathways, particularly in the cochlear and vestibular nuclei, in the superior olivary complex and in the inferior colliculus, suggesting a possible influence of the acoustic system on respiratory activity. In 49 SIDS cases and 20 controls an in-depth anatomopathological examination of the autonomic nervous system was performed, with the main aim of detecting developmental alterations of brainstem structures controlling both the respiratory and auditory activities. Overall, a significantly higher incidence of cytoarchitectural alterations of both the auditory and respiratory network components were observed in SIDS victims compared with matched controls. Even if there is not sufficient evidence to presume that developmental defects of brainstem auditory structures can affect breathing, our findings, showing that developmental deficit in the control respiratory areas are frequently accompanied by alterations of auditory structures, highlight an additional important element for the understanding the pathogenetic mechanism of SIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Lavezzi
- "Lino Rossi" Research Center for the study and prevention of unexpected perinatal death and SIDS - Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Italy.
| | - Giulia Ottaviani
- "Lino Rossi" Research Center for the study and prevention of unexpected perinatal death and SIDS - Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Matturri
- "Lino Rossi" Research Center for the study and prevention of unexpected perinatal death and SIDS - Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Italy
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3
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Auditory brainstem evoked responses in post head injury patients with hearing loss. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03047938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Muchnik C, Rubel Y, Zohar Y, Hildesheimer M. Auditory brainstem response in obstructive sleep apnea patients. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 1995; 6:139-48. [PMID: 8573559 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp.1995.6.2.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Auditory brainstem responses (ABR) were recorded in 79 patients diagnosed as suffering from obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The patients were divided into three subgroups (mild, moderate and severe) according to the severity of the syndrome. A statistically significant prolongation was found in the latency values of waves I, III and V in all three subgroups, compared to a control group of 29 healthy subjects. The transmission time between waves I and III and I and V was found to be prolonged in the moderate and severe OSA subgroups, compared to the control group. However, from a clinical point of view only 10% (eight patients) of the OSA group showed a clinically significant prolongation in their ABR latency values compared to the norms (mean +/- 2SD) of the specific ABR recording system used in this study. In addition, 36 of the OSA group underwent uvulopalato-pharyngoplasty (UPPP). There were no statistically significant differences in the ABR recording preoperatively versus post-operatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Muchnik
- Department of Communication Disorders, Speech, Language and Hearing, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
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Chen YJ, Liou CS, Tsai CH, Yeh TF. Effect of aminophylline on brain stem auditory evoked potentials in preterm infants. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 1994; 71:F20-3. [PMID: 8092864 PMCID: PMC1061062 DOI: 10.1136/fn.71.1.f20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
To determine the neurophysiological effects of aminophylline on apnoea of prematurity, the brain stem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) of 30 apnoeic infants and 34 age matched controls were evaluated and compared. After six days of treatment with aminophylline, the brain stem conduction time (interpeak latency of I-V) in apnoeic infants decreased compared with controls of a similar postconceptional age. The mean latencies of the peaks and interpeaks of all waves except wave I were significantly lower in the apnoeic infants after than before receiving aminophylline. No significant differences were found in the latencies of BAEPs between the apnoeic infants who responded and those who did not respond to aminophylline treatment, however. These results suggest that aminophylline may enhance conduction along central auditory pathways and stimulate the regulatory effect on the respiratory centre of the brain stem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Chen
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
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Paquereau J, Meurice JC, Neau JP, Ingrand P, Patte F. Auditory brain-stem responses (ABRs) in sleep respiratory disorders. Eur J Clin Invest 1994; 24:156-60. [PMID: 8033948 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.1994.tb00981.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Neurophysiological repercussions of sleep respiratory disorders (SRDs) are still unclear. It has been shown that SRDs induce disturbance on auditory event-related potentials with a delayed latency of the cognitive P300 potentials. Since the Auditory Brainstem Responses (ABRs) explore the auditory brainstem structures and are independent on cognition, we evaluated the neurological impact of SDRs on central nervous system by ABRs in these patients. Four groups of patients were studied: snorers (S, 17 subjects), sleep apnoea syndrome (SAS, 48 subjects), apnoeic patients with respiratory insufficiency (SAI, 17 patients) and patients with respiratory insufficiency alone (RI, 12 subjects). A standard polysomnographic study was done in each patient with further quantitative analysis of sleep, respiratory events, and oxygen arterial saturation. ABRs were recorded before the study night and interpeak latencies (IPLs) between waves I, III and V were measured. Results were expressed as the mean of each group for all the different parameters. ABR IPL latencies (IPLI-III, IPLIII-V, IPLI-V) of the four groups were within the normal range. However, comparing groups between themselves, there were significant differences (ANOVA) between groups. Longer IPLIII-V and IPLI-V (which explored the central conduction time) were observed in group SAI compared to group SAS. No evidence on the origin of this elongation was found; the level of hypoxia, in particular, was not related to IPL values. These results show that SAS alone do not affect lower brainstem auditory function, in contrast to the association of SAS and RI.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Paquereau
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Générale, URA 290 CNRS, Faculté de Médecine, Poitiers, France
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Abstract
To evaluate the effect of chronic hypoxemia on brainstem maturation, auditory brainstem responses were examined in 70 children (32 with and 38 without cyanosis) who had congenital heart disease. Ninety-one age-matched normal children served as controls. At 1-3 months of age, the I-V interpeak latencies of cyanotic infants (mean +/- S.D.; 5.17 +/- 0.17 ms) were more prolonged than were those of controls (4.95 +/- 0.11 ms) and those without cyanosis (4.84 +/- 0.22 ms; P < .05; P < .01). At 4-11 months of age, the I-V interpeak latencies of cyanotic infants (4.85 +/- 0.13 ms) were more prolonged than were those of controls (4.67 +/- 0.19 ms) and those not experiencing cyanosis (4.5 +/- 0.17 ms; P < .05; P < .01). In the cyanotic children, there was a significant negative correlation between the I-V interpeak latency and oxygen partial pressure (P < .01) or oxygen saturation (P < .05). Three of the 70 patients (4.3%) with congenital heart disease had absent auditory brainstem response. These data indicate that chronic hypoxemia may be one of the factors in retarded brainstem maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Sunaga
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Gunma University, Japan
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Deka RC. Auditory brainstem evoked responses in infants and children. Indian J Pediatr 1992; 59:361-6. [PMID: 1398872 DOI: 10.1007/bf02821806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R C Deka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
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Drake ME, Pakalnis A, Padamadan H, Hietter SA. Auditory evoked potentials in narcolepsy and sleep terrors. CLINICAL EEG (ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY) 1990; 21:192-5. [PMID: 2225468 DOI: 10.1177/155005949002100407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunction of brainstem reticular activating centers has been suggested in some sleep disorders, including narcolepsy and sleep terrors. Previous studies have suggested normal brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) in narcolepsy and enhancement of long-latency auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) in sleep deprivation and conditions of pathological somnolence. Sleep terrors have not to date been studied neurophysiologically. We recorded early latency BAEPs and long-latency auditory ERPs in 8 patients with narcolepsy and 5 individuals with sleep terrors, and compared them to 10 normal controls. Narcolepsy patients and controls did not differ significantly in absolute or interpeak latency of BAEPs. Sleep terror patients had significant prolongation relative to controls of III-V and I-V interpeak latencies. The N1, N2, and P3 AEP components were prolonged in latency in narcoleptic patients as compared to controls, while sleep terror patients did not differ from controls. No significant differences in amplitude were found. These findings suggest that a disturbance of integration of brainstem centers subserving wakefulness and sleep may play a role in the disordered arousal of sleep terrors, but suggest no specific abnormality in brainstem function in narcolepsy. The AEP changes in narcolepsy may be a manifestation of pathological sleepiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Drake
- Clinical Neurophysiology Laboratory, Ohio State University Hospitals, Columbus
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Samani F, Peschiulli G, Pastorini S, Fior R. An evaluation of hearing maturation by means of auditory brainstem response in very low birthweight and preterm newborns. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1990; 19:121-7. [PMID: 2373596 DOI: 10.1016/0165-5876(90)90217-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A group of very low birthweight and/or preterm newborns has been studied and compared with a control group of healthy at term newborns, in order to evaluate hearing maturation processes by means of ABR. The wave-latencies have been found significantly higher in the study group, while no difference could be found in inter-peak latencies (IPL). Further, the study group has been split up in order to analyze the possible influence of variables like birthweight, cranial circumference, APGAR score and modality of delivery on ABR latencies. Basing upon these evaluations, it appears difficult to present clear cut conclusions, since ABR latencies' behaviour seems to be related to individual maturative variables and fails to produce an unequivocal model of maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Samani
- ENT Department, Istituto per l'Infanzia, Trieste, Italy
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Walsleben JA, Squires NK, Rothenberger VL. Auditory event-related potentials and brain dysfunction in sleep apnea. ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY AND CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY 1989; 74:297-311. [PMID: 2471631 DOI: 10.1016/0168-5597(89)90060-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded from 14 subjects with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) before and after treatment with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP). After 2 nights of treatment, there was dramatic improvement in the sleep patterns of the OSA patients, improvements in measures of apnea severity and oxygenation, and decrease in daytime sleepiness. The results of neuropsychological tests of a broad range of cognitive functions failed to confirm the patients' subjective reports of improvement in psychological functioning after treatment. The latencies of the N2 and P3 components were significantly prolonged prior to treatment, and there was a trend towards smaller N2 and P3 amplitude in the apneic subjects. The latency of P3 (but not N2) changed with treatment, decreasing almost to normative values. The results suggest that ERPs may be useful in documenting neural dysfunction in patients with OSA, in evaluating treatment efficacy, and possibly in determining the causes of the daytime symptoms of OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Walsleben
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York, Stony Brook 11794
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12
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The Use of Brain Stem Auditory Evoked Potentials in the Evaluation of the Central Nervous System. Neurol Clin 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0733-8619(18)30842-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Abstract
Brainstem auditory evoked responses (BAERs) were recorded from 63 near-miss Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (NMSIDS) infants, 26 siblings of SIDS (SSIBS) infants and 67 control infants between 0 and 30 weeks post-term. The majority of BAERs recorded from the NMSIDS and SSIBS infants had normal form and interpeak intervals (V-I and V-IIn) within normal limits for their age. However, 15% of these infants had interpeak intervals outside the normal range, suggesting abnormal neural function in these cases. The distributions of interpeak intervals for all NMSIDS and SSIBS infants were skewed towards longer times compared to control infants. The distributions of V-IIn intervals for both groups of at risk infants were significantly different to that of control infants. While the observations confirm that the recording of BAERs is not suitable for identifying infants at risk of SIDS, they suggest, however, that maturation of neural processing in the brainstem of these infants may be delayed.
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Krumholz A, Felix JK, Goldstein PJ, McKenzie E. Maturation of the brain-stem auditory evoked potential in premature infants. ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY AND CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY 1985; 62:124-34. [PMID: 2578942 DOI: 10.1016/0168-5597(85)90024-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Patterns of development and extent of variability of the brain-stem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) are described in 52 healthy premature infants and 50 normal term newborns with reliable conceptional ages. Binaural and monaural stimulation are compared. Serial studies of individual prematures are emphasized and demonstrate that the most consistent and least variable measures are the monaurally derived interpeak intervals. All the BAEP parameters studied mature including wave form, relative amplitude, peak and interpeak intervals, but there is far more variability in preterms than in term infants or adults, even when infants are carefully matched for conceptional age. As term is approached, BAEP variability decreases substantially, suggesting that near term the BAEP becomes a more reliable indicator of neurologic function. The variability of the BAEP in the normal preterm limits its usefulness in determining neurologic dysfunction in individual high risk infants. Nevertheless, the BAEP may still prove useful for defining group differences among infants and could provide an objective measure of those factors influencing neurologic development. Serial change in the BAEP is a specific parameter which we believe merits further study in premature infants as an index of neurologic maturation.
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Stein L, Ozdamar O, Kraus N, Paton J. Follow-up of infants screened by auditory brainstem response in the neonatal intensive care unit. J Pediatr 1983; 103:447-53. [PMID: 6886913 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3476(83)80426-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Auditory brainstem response screening at 40 and 60 dB was conducted in 100 infants in the neonatal intensive care unit to determine initial failure rate and prevalence of abnormality on follow-up. Of our NICU population, 20% failed one or both of the screening levels: 9% failed at 60 dB in both ears, and 11% failed at 40 dB in one or both ears. On follow-up, half of the 60 dB failure group were found to have sensorineural or conductive impairment and represent the 2% to 4% prevalence of serious otologic-audiologic problems generally found in an NICU population. Subsequent improvement (reversal) of the retest ABR records of the remaining infants in the 60 dB failure group was thought to be related to neural changes in the brainstem associated with recovery from hypoxic episodes. A transient or reversible conductive deficit appeared to account for the majority of failures at 40 dB. We recommend the screening protocol be expanded to include threshold and latency measures in infants who fail the initial screening. The transient nature of many ABR abnormalities makes postdischarge ABR, otologic, audiologic, and neurologic examinations mandatory before any inferences are made about hearing loss or neurodevelopmental disorders.
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