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Melly L, Grosso A, Stanciu Pop C, Yu-Hsuan C, Nollevaux MC, Schachtrup C, Marsano A, Di Maggio N, Rondelet B, Banfi A. Fibrin hydrogels promote scar formation and prevent therapeutic angiogenesis in the heart. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 14:1513-1523. [PMID: 32841501 DOI: 10.1002/term.3118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic angiogenesis is the delivery of factors to promote vascular growth and holds promise for the treatment of ischemic heart conditions. Recombinant protein delivery to the myocardium by factor-decorated fibrin matrices is an attractive approach, thanks to the ability to precisely control both dose and duration of the treatment, the use of a clinically approved material like fibrin, and the avoidance of genetic modification. Here, we investigated the feasibility of inducing therapeutic angiogenesis in the rat myocardium by a state-of-the-art fibrin-based delivery platform that we previously optimized. Engineered versions of murine vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF164 ) and platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) were fused with an octapeptide substrate of the transglutaminase coagulation factor fXIIIa (TG) to allow their covalent cross-linking into fibrin hydrogels and release by enzymatic cleavage. Hydrogels containing either 100 μg/mL TG-VEGF alone or in combination with 10 μg/mL TG-PDGF-BB or no factor were injected into rat myocardium. Surprisingly, vascular density was severely reduced in all conditions, both in and around the injection site, where large fibrotic scars were formed. Scar formation was not due to the presence of growth factors, adaptive immunity to human proteins, damage from injection, nor to mechanical trauma from the hydrogel stiffness or volume. Rather scar was induced directly by fibrin and persisted despite hydrogel degradation within 1 week. These results caution against the suitability of fibrin-based platforms for myocardial growth factor delivery, despite their efficacy in other tissues, like skeletal muscle. The underlying molecular mechanisms must be further investigated in order to identify rational targets to prevent this serious side effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovic Melly
- Cardiac, Vascular and Thoracic Surgery Department, CHU UCL Namur, Yvoir, Belgium
- Cell and Gene Therapy, Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Grosso
- Cell and Gene Therapy, Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Chu Yu-Hsuan
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Molecular Embryology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | | | - Christian Schachtrup
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Molecular Embryology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Anna Marsano
- Cardiac Tissue Engineering, Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nunzia Di Maggio
- Cell and Gene Therapy, Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Benoît Rondelet
- Cardiac, Vascular and Thoracic Surgery Department, CHU UCL Namur, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Andrea Banfi
- Cell and Gene Therapy, Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Damisah EC, Hill RA, Tong L, Murray KN, Grutzendler J. A fluoro-Nissl dye identifies pericytes as distinct vascular mural cells during in vivo brain imaging. Nat Neurosci 2017; 20:1023-1032. [PMID: 28504673 PMCID: PMC5550770 DOI: 10.1038/nn.4564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pericytes and smooth muscle cells are integral components of the brain microvasculature. However, no techniques exist to unambiguously identify these cell types, greatly limiting their investigation in vivo. Here we show that the fluorescent Nissl dye NeuroTrace 500/525 labels brain pericytes with specificity, allowing high-resolution optical imaging in the live mouse. We demonstrate that capillary pericytes are a population of mural cells with distinct morphological, molecular and functional features that do not overlap with precapillary or arteriolar smooth muscle actin-expressing cells. The remarkable specificity for dye uptake suggests that pericytes have molecular transport mechanisms not present in other brain cells. We demonstrate feasibility of longitudinal pericyte imaging during microvascular development and aging and in models of brain ischemia and Alzheimer's disease. The ability to easily label pericytes in any mouse model opens the possibility of a broad range of investigations of mural cells in vascular development, neurovascular coupling and neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyiyemisi C Damisah
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Robert A Hill
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Lei Tong
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Katie N Murray
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jaime Grutzendler
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Conditional Deletion of Smad1 Ameliorates Glomerular Injury in Progressive Glomerulonephritis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31216. [PMID: 27492138 PMCID: PMC4974558 DOI: 10.1038/srep31216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix expansion and cell proliferation are concomitantly observed in various glomerular injuries. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for these changes have not been fully elucidated. We have reported that Smad1 is a key signalling molecule that regulates the transcription of type IV collagen (Col4) in mesangial matrix expansion and is thereby involved in glomerular injury in an acute model of glomerulonephritis. In this study, we addressed the role of Smad1 signalling in accelerated nephrotoxic nephritis (NTN), a model of progressive glomerulonephritis, using conditional deletion of Smad1 in Rosa26CreERT2 mice (Smad1-CKO). Mesangial matrix expansion in the Smad1-CKO mice with NTN was significantly inhibited compared with that in wild type mice with NTN, which was consistent with the decrease in Col4 expression level. On the other hand, STAT3 activation and cell proliferation were not influenced by Smad1 deletion in the NTN model. Therefore, we investigated another factor that activates cell proliferation in the absence of Smad1. Id2 induced VEGF secretion and subsequent STAT3 activation, independently of Smad1 expression in mouse mesangial cells. Here we show that Smad1 plays an important role in the development of glomerular injury without affecting cell proliferation, in progressive glomerulonephritis.
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Huang M, Duhadaway JB, Prendergast GC, Laury-Kleintop LD. RhoB regulates PDGFR-beta trafficking and signaling in vascular smooth muscle cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2007; 27:2597-605. [PMID: 17951322 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.107.154211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE RhoB is a small GTPase localized at the plasma membrane and endosomes that participates in the regulation of endocytic trafficking of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor and the nonreceptor kinases Src and Akt. This study was performed to determine whether RhoB plays a critical role in trafficking and signaling by the platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta (PDGFR-beta) in vascular smooth muscle cells. METHODS AND RESULTS Cells derived from RhoB knockout mice failed to proliferate in response to PDGF, and downstream signaling was compromised as reflected by reduced phosphorylation of the effector kinases Akt and ERK1/2. In normal cells, PDGF stimulated trafficking of PDGFR-beta into a perinuclear late endosomal compartment and triggered entry of Src, Akt, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) into the cell nucleus. In contrast, PDGF treatment of RhoB null cells resulted in neither PDGFR-beta trafficking to late endosomes nor nuclear localization of Src, Akt, or ERK. In support of an essential function in these processes, restoring expression of RhoB in null cells rescued these defects and restored cell proliferation in response to PDGF. CONCLUSIONS Our findings establish RhoB as a critical regulator of PDGFR-beta trafficking and signaling in vascular smooth muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minzhou Huang
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, 100 E. Lancaster Avenue, Wynnewood PA 19096.
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