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Jacobsen DP, Lekva T, Moe K, Fjeldstad HES, Johnsen GM, Sugulle M, Staff AC. Pregnancy and postpartum levels of circulating maternal sHLA-G in preeclampsia. J Reprod Immunol 2020; 143:103249. [PMID: 33254097 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2020.103249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a leading cause of maternal and offspring mortality and morbidity, and predicts increased future cardiovascular disease risk. Placental dysfunction and immune system dysregulation are likely key pathophysiological factors. Soluble human leukocyte antigen G (sHLA-G) may dampen the specific immune response towards placental trophoblasts. Previous studies have shown low sHLA-G levels in preeclampsia, but postpartum, levels are unknown. Furthermore, the relationship between sHLA-G and sFlt-1 and PlGF, placental function markers, is unknown. We hypothesized that low maternal sHLA-G during pregnancy would be associated with placental dysfunction, including preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, and dysregulated sFlt-1 and PlGF, and that sHLA-G would remain decreased following preeclampsia. We included 316 pregnant women: 58 with early-onset preeclampsia (<34 weeks' gestation), 81 with late-onset preeclampsia (≥34 weeks' gestation), 25 with gestational hypertension, and 152 normotensive controls. Postpartum (1 or 3 years), we included 321 women: 29 with early-onset preeclampsia, 98 with late-onset preeclampsia, 57 with gestational hypertension, and 137 who were normotensive during their index pregnancies. In pregnancy, plasma sHLA-G was significantly lower both in the early- and late-onset preeclampsia groups compared to controls. In women with preeclampsia or gestational hypertension, sHLA-G was inversely correlated with serum sFlt-1. Postpartum, plasma sHLA-G levels were significantly higher in women who had had early-onset preeclampsia compared to controls. Our results support that sHLA-G may be important for placental function. Unexpectedly, sHLA-G was elevated up to 3 years after early-onset preeclampsia, suggesting an excessively activated immune system following this severe preeclampsia form, potentially contributing to future cardiovascular disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Jacobsen
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway.
| | - Tove Lekva
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Kjartan Moe
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bærum Hospital, Vestre Viken HF, Norway
| | - Heidi E S Fjeldstad
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Guro Mørk Johnsen
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Meryam Sugulle
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne Cathrine Staff
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
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Characterization of HLA-G Regulation and HLA Expression in Breast Cancer and Malignant Melanoma Cell Lines upon IFN-γ Stimulation and Inhibition of DNA Methylation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124307. [PMID: 32560316 PMCID: PMC7352735 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential role of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G as a target for new cancer immunotherapy drugs has increased the interest in the analysis of mechanisms by which HLA-G expression is regulated, and how the expression can be manipulated. We characterized HLA expression in breast cancer and malignant melanoma cell lines and investigated the induction of HLA-G expression by two distinct mechanisms: stimulation with interferon (IFN)-γ or inhibition of methylation by treatment with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dC). The effect of IFN-γ and 5-aza-dC on HLA expression was dependent on the cancer cell lines studied. However, in general, surface expression of HLA class Ia was induced on all cell lines. Surface expression of HLA-G was inconclusive but induction of HLA-G mRNA was prevalent upon treatment with 5-aza-dC and a combination of IFN-γ and 5-aza-dC. IFN-γ alone failed to induce HLA-G expression in the HLA-G-negative cell lines. The results support that HLA-G expression is regulated partly by DNA methylation. Furthermore, IFN-γ may play a role in the maintenance of HLA-G expression rather than inducing expression. The study demonstrates the feasibility of manipulating HLA expression and contributes to the exploration of mechanisms that can be potential targets for immunotherapy in breast cancer and malignant melanoma.
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Friedrich M, Jasinski-Bergner S, Lazaridou MF, Subbarayan K, Massa C, Tretbar S, Mueller A, Handke D, Biehl K, Bukur J, Donia M, Mandelboim O, Seliger B. Tumor-induced escape mechanisms and their association with resistance to checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2019; 68:1689-1700. [PMID: 31375885 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-019-02373-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy aims to activate the immune system to fight cancer in a very specific and targeted manner. Despite the success of different immunotherapeutic strategies, in particular antibodies directed against checkpoints as well as adoptive T-cell therapy, the response of patients is limited in different types of cancers. This attributes to escape of the tumor from immune surveillance and development of acquired resistances during therapy. In this review, the different evasion and resistance mechanisms that limit the efficacy of immunotherapies targeting tumor-associated antigens presented by major histocompatibility complex molecules on the surface of the malignant cells are summarized. Overcoming these escape mechanisms is a great challenge, but might lead to a better clinical outcome of patients and is therefore currently a major focus of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Friedrich
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 2, 06110, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Simon Jasinski-Bergner
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 2, 06110, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Maria-Filothei Lazaridou
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 2, 06110, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Karthikeyan Subbarayan
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 2, 06110, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Chiara Massa
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 2, 06110, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Sandy Tretbar
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 2, 06110, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Anja Mueller
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 2, 06110, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Diana Handke
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 2, 06110, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Katharina Biehl
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 2, 06110, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jürgen Bukur
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 2, 06110, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Marco Donia
- Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Ofer Mandelboim
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Barbara Seliger
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 2, 06110, Halle (Saale), Germany.
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4
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Sommese L, Benincasa G, Schiano C, Marfella R, Grimaldi V, Sorriento A, Lucchese R, Fiorito C, Sardu C, Nicoletti GF, Napoli C. Genetic and epigenetic-sensitive regulatory network in immune response: a putative link between HLA-G and diabetes. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2019; 14:233-241. [PMID: 31131681 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2019.1620103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) gene encodes for a tolerogenic molecule constitutively expressed in human pancreas and upregulated upon inflammatory signals. The 14 bp INS/DEL polymorphism in the 3'UTR of HLA-G may influence the susceptibility for diabetes and coronary heart diseases (CHD), thus suggesting a novel candidate gene. DNA hypomethylation at HLA-G promoter may be a putative useful clinical biomarker for CHD onset. Upregulation of soluble HLA-G isoform (sHLA-G) was detected in prediabetic and diabetic subjects, suggesting a putative role in metabolic dysfunctions. AREAS COVERED We conducted a scoping literature review of genetic and epigenetic-sensitive mechanisms regulating HLA-G in diabetes. English-language manuscripts published between 1997 and 2019, were identified through PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science database searches. After selecting 14 original articles representing case-control studies, we summarized and critically evaluated their main findings. EXPERT COMMENTARY Although epigenetic modifications are involved in the onset of hyperglycemic conditions evolving into diabetes and CHD, it is still difficult to obtain simple and useful clinical biomarkers. Inflammatory-induced KDM6A/INF-β/HLA-G axis might be a part of the epigenetic network leading to overexpression of HLA-G at pancreatic level. Network medicine may show whether HLA-G is involved in diabetes and CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Sommese
- a U.O.C. Division of Clinical Immunology, Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology, Department of Experimental Medicine , Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" , Napoli , Italy
| | - Giuditta Benincasa
- b Clinical Department of Internal Medicine and Specialistics, Department of Advanced Clinical and Surgical Sciences , University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli , Naples , Italy
| | | | - Raffaele Marfella
- b Clinical Department of Internal Medicine and Specialistics, Department of Advanced Clinical and Surgical Sciences , University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli , Naples , Italy
| | - Vincenzo Grimaldi
- a U.O.C. Division of Clinical Immunology, Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology, Department of Experimental Medicine , Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" , Napoli , Italy
| | - Antonio Sorriento
- a U.O.C. Division of Clinical Immunology, Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology, Department of Experimental Medicine , Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" , Napoli , Italy
| | - Roberta Lucchese
- a U.O.C. Division of Clinical Immunology, Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology, Department of Experimental Medicine , Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" , Napoli , Italy
| | - Carmela Fiorito
- a U.O.C. Division of Clinical Immunology, Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology, Department of Experimental Medicine , Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" , Napoli , Italy
| | - Celestino Sardu
- b Clinical Department of Internal Medicine and Specialistics, Department of Advanced Clinical and Surgical Sciences , University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli , Naples , Italy
| | - Giovanni Francesco Nicoletti
- d Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties , Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" , Naples , Italy
| | - Claudio Napoli
- b Clinical Department of Internal Medicine and Specialistics, Department of Advanced Clinical and Surgical Sciences , University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli , Naples , Italy
- c IRCCS SDN , Naples , Italy
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5
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Luo S, Pei J, Li X, Gu W. Decreased expression of JHDMID in placenta is associated with preeclampsia through HLA-G. J Hum Hypertens 2018; 32:448-454. [PMID: 29662139 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-018-0062-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The exact mechanism of preeclampsia (PE) remains unclear, accumulating researches have indicated multiple epigenetic factors relate to PE and histone methylation plays a crucial role in modifying the gene expression. So we aimed to confirm that abnormal expression of histone demethylase JHDM1D contributes to PE and lower expression of HLA-G in PE. We tested the expression of JHDM1D, H3K9me2, and H3K27me2 in the placentas of PE and normal control (NC)women who had a healthy pregnancy with Immunohistochemistry and we found that JHDM1D, H3K9me2, and H3K27me2 were all mainly expressed in the nuclei of the extra-villous trophoblasts (EVTs). JHDM1D was lower expressed in PE than in NC placentas, corresponding with the mRNA level and protein level with qTR-PCR and western blot, while H3K9me2 and H3K27me2 were higher expressed in PE. We further investigated the biological functions of JHDM1D in HTR-8/SVneo cells. We found that siJHDM1D inhibited cell growth after 24 h of the transfection and reduced the invasion, while increasing the apoptosis of HTR-8/SVneo. We then constructed the siJHDM1D stable cell line and confirmed with CHIP-qPCR that siJHDM1D inhibited the expression of HLA-G through increased the enrichment of H3K9me2 and H3K27me2 in the JHDM1D bounding region of HLA-G. Taken together, our study confirms that decreased expression of JHDM1D is associated with PE through down-regulating HLA-G and casts new light to the diagnosis and therapy of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouling Luo
- The Department of Obstetrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiangnan Pei
- The Department of Obstetrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaotian Li
- The Department of Obstetrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weirong Gu
- The Department of Obstetrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Tilburgs T, Meissner TB, Ferreira LMR, Mulder A, Musunuru K, Ye J, Strominger JL. NLRP2 is a suppressor of NF-ƙB signaling and HLA-C expression in human trophoblasts†,‡. Biol Reprod 2018; 96:831-842. [PMID: 28340094 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/iox009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
During pregnancy, fetal extravillous trophoblasts (EVT) play a key role in the regulation of maternal T cell and NK cell responses. EVT display a unique combination of human leukocyte antigens (HLA); EVT do not express HLA-A and HLA-B, but do express HLA-C, HLA-E, and HLA-G. The mechanisms establishing this unique HLA expression pattern have not been fully elucidated. The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II transcriptional activators NLRC5 and CIITA are expressed neither by EVT nor by the EVT model cell line JEG3, which has an MHC expression pattern identical to that of EVT. Therefore, other MHC regulators must be present to control HLA-C, HLA-E, and HLA-G expression in these cells. CIITA and NLRC5 are both members of the nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat (NLR) family of proteins. Another member of this family, NLRP2, is highly expressed by EVT and JEG3, but not in maternal decidual stromal cells. In this study, transcription activator-like effector nuclease technology was used to delete NLRP2 in JEG3. Furthermore, lentiviral delivery of shRNA was used to knockdown NLRP2 in JEG3 and primary EVT. Upon NLRP2 deletion, Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNFα)-induced phosphorylation of NF-KB p65 increased in JEG3 and EVT, and more surprisingly a significant increase in constitutive HLA-C expression was observed in JEG3. These data suggest a broader role for NLR family members in the regulation of MHC expression during inflammation, thus forming a bridge between innate and adaptive immune responses. As suppressor of proinflammatory responses, NLRP2 may contribute to preventing unwanted antifetal responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Tilburgs
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Torsten B Meissner
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Leonardo M R Ferreira
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Arend Mulder
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Kiran Musunuru
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Junqiang Ye
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jack L Strominger
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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7
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Swets M, Seneby L, Boot A, van Wezel T, Gelderblom H, van de Velde CJH, van den Elsen PJ, Kuppen PJK. Promoter methylation and mRNA expression of HLA-G in relation to HLA-G protein expression in colorectal cancer. Hum Immunol 2016; 77:764-72. [PMID: 27245757 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2016.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Expression of human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) is a suggested mechanism used by tumor cells to escape from host immune recognition and destruction. Advances in the field have made it evident that HLA-G is expressed in different types of malignancies including colorectal cancer (CRC). We analyzed HLA-G expression in 21 low passage CRC cell lines. The level of DNA methylation of the HLA-G gene and the presence of mRNA encoding HLA-G was measured. Moreover, HLA-G protein expression was determined by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry (IHC). IHC was performed with three different monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) (4H84, MEM-G/1 and MEM-G/2). In addition, HLA-G protein expression was measured in matching primary tumor tissues. RNA analysis using RT-PCR followed by sequencing in 6 samples indicated strong homology of the PCR product with HLA-G3 in 5 samples. In accordance, in none of the cell lines, HLA-G1 expression was detected by flow-cytometry. Furthermore, no association between HLA-G DNA methylation patterns and HLA-G mRNA expression was observed. In addition, different immunohistochemical staining profiles among various anti-HLA-G mAbs were observed. In conclusion, the results of this study show that the HLA-G3 isoform was expressed in some of the CRC cell lines irrespective of the level of DNA methylation of HLA-G.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marloes Swets
- Dept. of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Dept. of Clinical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lina Seneby
- Dept. of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Arnoud Boot
- Dept. of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tom van Wezel
- Dept. of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Gelderblom
- Dept. of Clinical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Peter J van den Elsen
- Dept. of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Dept. of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J K Kuppen
- Dept. of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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8
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Seliger B. Role of microRNAs on HLA-G expression in human tumors. Hum Immunol 2016; 77:760-3. [PMID: 27142884 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2016.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The non-classical human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) known to protect the embryo from immune cell destruction leading to fetal maternal tolerance is often overexpressed in human tumors of distinct origin thereby leading to an escape from T and NK cell-mediated immune response. The molecular mechanisms controlling HLA-G expression are complex and involve deregulation at the transcriptional, epigenetic and posttranscriptional level. Using bioinformatics and high through put analyses a number of microRNAs (miRs) have been identified, which were able to bind to the 3' UTR of HLA-G with distinct efficacy. This caused by a downregulation of HLA-G surface expression, which was associated with an increased immune response thereby overcoming the HLA-G-mediated immune tolerance. Reduced expression of HLA-G-specific miRs was associated with tumor progression and metastases and appear to affect directly or indirectly tumor characteristics, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis and resistance to chemotherapy. Recently, an interaction between long non-coding RNAs, such as HOTAIR, and HLA-G-specific miRs has also been demonstrated. This review summarizes the control of HLA-G expression and function by microRNAs as well as its clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Seliger
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.
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9
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10
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Agrawal D, Prakash S, Misra MK, Phadke SR, Agrawal S. Implication of HLA-G 5′ upstream regulatory region polymorphisms in idiopathic recurrent spontaneous abortions. Reprod Biomed Online 2015; 30:82-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2014.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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11
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Rebmann V, da Silva Nardi F, Wagner B, Horn PA. HLA-G as a tolerogenic molecule in transplantation and pregnancy. J Immunol Res 2014; 2014:297073. [PMID: 25143957 PMCID: PMC4131093 DOI: 10.1155/2014/297073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
HLA-G is a nonclassical HLA class I molecule. In allogeneic situations such as pregnancy or allograft transplantation, the expression of HLA-G has been related to a better acceptance of the fetus or the allograft. Thus, it seems that HLA-G is crucially involved in mechanisms shaping an allogeneic immune response into tolerance. In this contribution we focus on (i) how HLA-G is involved in transplantation and human reproduction, (ii) how HLA-G is regulated by genetic and microenvironmental factors, and (iii) how HLA-G can offer novel perspectives with respect to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Rebmann
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Virchowstraße 179, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Fabiola da Silva Nardi
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Virchowstraße 179, 45147 Essen, Germany
- CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, 70.040-020 Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Bettina Wagner
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Virchowstraße 179, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Peter A. Horn
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Virchowstraße 179, 45147 Essen, Germany
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12
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Castelli EC, Veiga-Castelli LC, Yaghi L, Moreau P, Donadi EA. Transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulations of the HLA-G gene. J Immunol Res 2014; 2014:734068. [PMID: 24741620 PMCID: PMC3987962 DOI: 10.1155/2014/734068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
HLA-G has a relevant role in immune response regulation. The overall structure of the HLA-G coding region has been maintained during the evolution process, in which most of its variable sites are synonymous mutations or coincide with introns, preserving major functional HLA-G properties. The HLA-G promoter region is different from the classical class I promoters, mainly because (i) it lacks regulatory responsive elements for IFN-γ and NF-κB, (ii) the proximal promoter region (within 200 bases from the first translated ATG) does not mediate transactivation by the principal HLA class I transactivation mechanisms, and (iii) the presence of identified alternative regulatory elements (heat shock, progesterone and hypoxia-responsive elements) and unidentified responsive elements for IL-10, glucocorticoids, and other transcription factors is evident. At least three variable sites in the 3' untranslated region have been studied that may influence HLA-G expression by modifying mRNA stability or microRNA binding sites, including the 14-base pair insertion/deletion, +3142C/G and +3187A/G polymorphisms. Other polymorphic sites have been described, but there are no functional studies on them. The HLA-G coding region polymorphisms might influence isoform production and at least two null alleles with premature stop codons have been described. We reviewed the structure of the HLA-G promoter region and its implication in transcriptional gene control, the structure of the HLA-G 3'UTR and the major actors of the posttranscriptional gene control, and, finally, the presence of regulatory elements in the coding region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick C. Castelli
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 18618-970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana C. Veiga-Castelli
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Layale Yaghi
- Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission, Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies, Department of Hematology and Immunology Research, Saint-Louis Hospital, 75010 Paris, France
- Paris-Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, UMR E5, University Institute of Hematology, Saint-Louis Hospital, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Moreau
- Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission, Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies, Department of Hematology and Immunology Research, Saint-Louis Hospital, 75010 Paris, France
- Paris-Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, UMR E5, University Institute of Hematology, Saint-Louis Hospital, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Eduardo A. Donadi
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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13
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Guo Y, Lee CL, So KH, Gao J, Yeung WSB, Yao Y, Lee KF. Soluble human leukocyte antigen-g5 activates extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase signaling and stimulates trophoblast invasion. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76023. [PMID: 24098421 PMCID: PMC3787956 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Soluble human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) is a non-classical class Ib HLA molecule that is secreted from blastocysts. Soluble HLA-G modulates the immune tolerance of the mother and can be used as a prognostic factor for the clinical pregnancy rate. However, the underlying mechanism of how soluble HLA-G5 affects pregnancy remains largely unknown. We hypothesized that soluble HLA-G5 promotes successful implantation and pregnancy by modulating trophoblast invasion through receptor binding and activation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) signaling pathway. Recombinant HLA-G5 protein over-expressed in E. coli BL21 was purified to near homogeneity. We studied the expression of HLA-G5 and its receptors, the leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B1 (LILRB1) and killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DL4 (KIR2DL4), in primary trophoblasts and trophoblastic (JAr and JEG-3) cell lines by florescence-labeled HLA-G5. HLA-G5 was detected in the primary trophoblasts and JEG-3 cells. The LILRB1 and KIR2DL4 receptors were expressed in both primary trophoblasts and trophoblastic cell lines. HLA-G5 stimulated cell invasion (p<0.05) and increased urokinase (uPA) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) transcripts and their activity (p<0.05) in trophoblastic cells. HLA-G5 activated the ERK signaling pathway and induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation in the trophoblastic cell lines. Addition of ERK inhibitors (U0126 and PD98059) nullified the stimulatory effect of HLA-G5 on trophoblastic cell invasion. Taken together, HLA-G5 induced trophoblast invasion by binding to KIR2DL4 and LILRB1, by increasing uPA and MMPs expressions and by activating the ERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- YiFan Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cheuk-Lun Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kam-Hei So
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - William S. B. Yeung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - YuanQing Yao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: ckflee@ hku.hk (K-FL); (YQY)
| | - Kai-Fai Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- * E-mail: ckflee@ hku.hk (K-FL); (YQY)
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14
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Wierda RJ, Kuipers HF, van Eggermond MCJA, Benard A, van Leeuwen JC, Carluccio S, Geutskens SB, Jukema JW, Marquez VE, Quax PHA, van den Elsen PJ. Epigenetic control of CCR5 transcript levels in immune cells and modulation by small molecules inhibitors. J Cell Mol Med 2012; 16:1866-77. [PMID: 22050776 PMCID: PMC3309068 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2011.01482.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we have shown that CCR5 transcription is regulated by CREB-1. However, the ubiquitous pattern of CREB-1 expression suggests the involvement of an additional level of transcriptional control in the cell type–specific expression of CCR5. In this study, we show that epigenetic changes (i.e. DNA methylation and histone modifications) within the context of the CCR5 P1 promoter region correlate with transcript levels of CCR5 in healthy and in malignant CD4+ T lymphocytes as well as in CD14+ monocytes. In normal naïve T cells and CD14+ monocytes the CCR5 P1 promoter resembles a bivalent chromatin state, with both repressive and permissive histone methylation and acetylation marks. The CCR5-expressing CD14+ monocytes however show much higher levels of acetylated histone H3 (AcH3) compared to the non–CCR5-expressing naïve T cells. Combined with a highly methylated promoter in CD14+ monocytes, this indicates a dominant role for AcH3 in CCR5 transcription. We also show that pharmacological interference in the epigenetic repressive mechanisms that account for the lack of CCR5 transcription in T leukaemic cell lines results in an increase in CREB-1 association with CCR5 P1 chromatin. Furthermore, RNA polymerase II was also recruited into CCR5 P1 chromatin resulting in CCR5 re-expression. Together, these data indicate that epigenetic modifications of DNA, and of histones, contribute to the control of CCR5 transcription in immune effector cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rutger J Wierda
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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15
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van den Elsen PJ. Expression regulation of major histocompatibility complex class I and class II encoding genes. Front Immunol 2011; 2:48. [PMID: 22566838 PMCID: PMC3342053 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2011.00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 09/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-I and MHC-II molecules play an essential role in the immune response to pathogens by virtue of their ability to present peptides to CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, respectively. Given this critical role, MHC-I and MHC-II genes are regulated in a tight fashion at the transcriptional level by a variety of transcription factors that interact with conserved cis-acting regulatory promoter elements. In addition to the activities of these regulatory factors, modification of chromatin also plays an essential role in the efficient transcription of these genes to meet with local requirement for an effective immune response. The focus of this review is on the transcription factors that interact with conserved cis-acting promoter elements and the epigenetic mechanisms that modulate induced and constitutive expression of these MHC genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J van den Elsen
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center Leiden, Netherlands.
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16
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Rizzo R, Vercammen M, van de Velde H, Horn PA, Rebmann V. The importance of HLA-G expression in embryos, trophoblast cells, and embryonic stem cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2011; 68:341-52. [PMID: 21080028 PMCID: PMC11114702 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-010-0578-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2010] [Accepted: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The nonclassical HLA-G molecule is a trophoblast-specific molecule present in almost every pregnancy. It differs from classical HLA class I molecules by the low degree of allelic variants and the high diversity of protein structures. HLA-G is reported to be a tolerogenic molecule that acts on cells of both innate and adaptive immunity. At the maternal-fetal interface HLA-G seems to be responsible largely for the reprogramming of local maternal immune response. This review will focus on the HLA-G gene expression profile in pregnancy, in preimplantation embryos, and in human embryonic stem cells with emphasis on the structural diversity of the HLA-G protein and its potential functional and diagnostic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Rizzo
- Department of Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, Section of Medical Genetics, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Martine Vercammen
- Department of Hematology, Universitair Ziekenhuis (UZ) Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hilde van de Velde
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis (UZ) Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Reproduction and Genetics, Universitair Ziekenhuis (UZ) Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Peter A. Horn
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of Essen, Virchowstr. 179, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Vera Rebmann
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of Essen, Virchowstr. 179, 45122 Essen, Germany
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17
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Amiot L, Ferrone S, Grosse-Wilde H, Seliger B. Biology of HLA-G in cancer: a candidate molecule for therapeutic intervention? Cell Mol Life Sci 2010; 68:417-31. [PMID: 21063893 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-010-0583-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2010] [Accepted: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Although the expression of the non-classical HLA class I molecule HLA-G was first reported to be restricted to the fetal-maternal interface on the extravillous cytotrophoblasts, the distribution of HLA-G in normal tissues appears broader than originally described. HLA-G expression was found in embryonic tissues, in adult immune privileged organs, and in cells of the hematopoietic lineage. More interestingly, under pathophysiological conditions HLA-G antigens may be expressed on various types of malignant cells suggesting that HLA-G antigen expression is one strategy used by tumor cells to escape immune surveillance. In this article, we will focus on HLA-G expression in cancers of distinct histology and its association with the clinical course of diseases, on the underlying molecular mechanisms of impaired HLA-G expression, on the immune tolerant function of HLA-G in tumors, and on the use of membrane-bound and soluble HLA-G as a diagnostic or prognostic biomarker to identify tumors and to monitor disease stage, as well as on the use of HLA-G as a novel therapeutic target in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Amiot
- UPRES EA 4427 SeRAIC, University of Rennes 1, 2 av Prof Léon Bernard, 35043 RENNES Cedex, France
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