1
|
Yang B, Yang C, Sun Y, Du J, Liu P, Jia G, Jia W, Zhang Y, Wang J, Xu Y, Wang S. Mixed gangliocytoma-pituitary adenoma in the sellar region: a large-scale single-center experience. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2018; 160:1989-1999. [PMID: 30109498 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-018-3632-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mixed gangliocytoma-pituitary adenoma is an extremely rare tumor occurring in the sellar region, histologically composed of both gangliocytic and pituitary adenomatous architectures. The histogenesis of these tumors remains unknown, and the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis are yet to be fully understood. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the clinical, radiological, and histopathological profiles from a series of 20 patients with sellar mixed gangliocytoma-pituitary adenomas. All patients underwent surgical tumorectomy via an endoscopic or microscopic transsphenoidal approach. Perioperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) data were reviewed. Immunohistochemical stains and electron microscopy examination were performed. Follow-up outcomes were presented. RESULTS This case series consisted of 13 females and seven males (age range, 20-59 years; mean age, 42.3 ± 11.2 years). Preoperative endocrine examination showed elevated growth hormone (GH) in nine patients and hyperprolactinemia in eight patients. The tumors were positive for GH in 15 cases, prolactin in 13 cases, adrenocorticotropic hormone in three cases, and thyroid-stimulating hormone in one case. Gross total resection was achieved in 15 patients, and subtotal resection in five patients. During an average follow-up period of 42.5 ± 29.0 months, no recurrence was noted. CONCLUSIONS The clinical and neuroimaging features of sellar mixed gangliocytoma-pituitary adenomas are non-specific, and invasion into the cavernous sinus is common. Surgical resection via a transsphenoidal approach is the preferred treatment, and the surgical outcomes are favorable. Moreover, our histopathological findings are more likely to support the theory that mixed gangliocytoma-pituitary adenoma originates from the neuronal transdifferentiation of adenomatous cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bao Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 6 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Chenlong Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, North Garden Street No. 49, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yilin Sun
- Department of Ultrastructural Pathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, No. 6 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jiang Du
- Department of Neuro-pathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, No. 6 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Pinan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 6 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Guijun Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 6 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Wang Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 6 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yazhuo Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 6 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jisheng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 6 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yulun Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 6 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 6 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shepard MJ, Elzoghby MA, Ghanim D, Lopes MBS, Jane JA. Transsphenoidal Surgery for Mixed Pituitary Gangliocytoma-Adenomas. World Neurosurg 2017; 108:310-316. [PMID: 28887280 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.08.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most sellar gangliocytomas are discovered with a concurrent pituitary adenoma, also known as a mixed gangliocytoma-adenoma (MGA). MGAs are rare, with fewer than 100 cases reported in the literature to date and only 1 previously documented surgical series. Because MGAs are radiologically indistinguishable from pituitary adenomas, they are often diagnosed after surgery. Combined with the paucity of clinical outcome data for these tumors, this makes their diagnosis and management challenging. Here we describe the clinical presentation and outcomes of 10 individuals who were diagnosed with a MGA at a single institution. METHODS This retrospective case series study included patients diagnosed with a combined sellar MGA between 1993 and 2016. RESULTS This series comprised 10 patients, mean age of 44 years (range, 28-63 years) diagnosed with an MGA. The mean tumor size was 1.6 cm (range, 0.4-2.4 cm). Five patients presented with acromegaly, and 1 patient had recurrent Cushing disease. Transsphenoidal surgery was performed in all cases, and gross total resection was achieved in 7 patients (70%). Histologically, 9 of the 10 MGAs were identified as mixed somatotroph adenoma-gangliocytomas. The median duration of follow-up was 74 months (range, 2-180 months). Following adjuvant treatment (n = 3), all patients with acromegaly (n = 4) achieved biochemical remission, and no patient experienced recurrence of the pituitary tumor with a median radiographic follow-up of 48 months. CONCLUSIONS MGAs are often associated with a hypersecretory adenoma. Transsphenoidal surgery is well tolerated by most patients, and when performed in combination with adjuvant therapy, a low rate of recurrence and reversal of preoperative endocrinopathy can be expected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Shepard
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, University of Virginia Health Center, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | | | - Daffer Ghanim
- School of Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - M Beatriz S Lopes
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, University of Virginia Health Center, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Virginia Health Center, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - John A Jane
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, University of Virginia Health Center, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yowtak J, Sharma S, Forseen SE, Alleyne CH. Anterior Gray Matter Pituicytic Heterotopia with Monomorphic Anterior Pituitary Cells: A Variant of Nonsecretory Pituitary Adenoma Neuronal Choristoma? Report of a Rare Case and Review of the Literature. World Neurosurg 2016; 97:759.e1-759.e8. [PMID: 27744079 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2016.09.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mixed tumors of adenomatous and neuronal cells in the sellar region are an uncommon finding. The origins of these heterogeneous tumors are unknown, and management remains unsettled. We report a very rare case of anterior gray matter pituicytic heterotopia with monomorphic anterior pituitary cells that likely represents a variant of nonsecreting pituitary adenoma neuronal choristoma (PANCH) with no ganglion cells. We also review the current literature for the various clinical presentations of PANCH. CASE DESCRIPTION A 49-year-old female complaining of headache, blurred vision, and hair loss was found to have a nonsecretory sellar mass with compression of the optic chiasm on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The mass was excised via a transsphenoidal procedure. Histological analysis of tissue sections revealed heterotopic gray matter with reactive gliosis without ganglion cells or Herring bodies. Only 1 smear exhibited characteristics of a pituitary adenoma. CONCLUSIONS The overall findings were most consistent with a variant of PANCH. At a postoperative follow-up of 4.5 years, there was resolution of visual symptoms, and the residual sellar mass was stable on MRI. Neuronal choristoma is hypothesized to originate from embryonal pituitary or hypothalamus, or by differentiation from pituitary adenoma cells. Surgery is the cornerstone of management, and the clinical course appears to be similar to that of nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma in reported cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- June Yowtak
- Department of Neurosurgery, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.
| | - Suash Sharma
- Department of Pathology, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Scott E Forseen
- Department of Radiology, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Cargill H Alleyne
- Department of Neurosurgery, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sato Y, Wada T, Nishikawa Y, Yoshida K, Kurose A, Ogawa A, Ogasawara K. Growth hormone-producing pituitary adenoma regrowing as pituitary adenoma with neuronal choristoma 14 years after tumor removal. World Neurosurg 2012; 80:436.e11-3. [PMID: 22728663 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2012.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2011] [Revised: 04/03/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We report a case of an uncommon association of pituitary adenoma with neuronal choristoma that usually is diagnosed at initial surgery. CASE DESCRIPTION A 50-year-old woman with acromegaly and bitemporal hemianopsia underwent removal of a pituitary adenoma via the transsphenoidal approach. Histologic examination of the first surgical specimen demonstrated only adenoma, which was eosinophilic and expressed growth hormone. Fourteen years later, bitemporal hemianopsia recurred, and magnetic resonance imaging revealed regrowth of the residual tumor. DISCUSSION The patient underwent removal of the regrown tumor via the transsphenoidal approach. Histologic examination of the second surgical specimen revealed gangliocytoma and a small component of pituitary adenoma. CONCLUSIONS The present case report supports the theory that pituitary adenoma with neuronal choristoma might represent the result of neuronal differentiation from pituitary adenoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Sato
- Department of Neurosurgery, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|