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Radosavljević J, Stanić-Vučinić D, Stojadinović M, Radomirović M, Simović A, Radibratović M, Veličković TĆ. Application of Ion Exchange and Adsorption Techniques for Separation of
Whey Proteins from Bovine Milk. CURR ANAL CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411017666210108092338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The world production of whey was estimated to be more than 200 million tons per year.
Although whey is an important source of proteins with high nutritional value and biotechnological importance, it is still
considered as a by-product of the dairy industry with low economic value due to low industrial exploitation. There are
several challenges in the separation of whey proteins: low concentration, the complexity of the material and similar
properties (pI, molecular mass) of some proteins.
Methods:
A narrative review of all the relevant papers on the present methodologies based on ion-exchange and
adsorption principles for isolation of whey proteins, known to the authors, was conducted.
Results:
Traditional ion-exchange techniques are widely used for the separation and purification of the bovine whey
proteins. These methodologies, based on the anion or cation chromatographic procedures, as well as combination of
aforementioned techniques are still preferential methods for the isolation of the whey proteins on the laboratory scale.
However, more recent research on ion exchange membranes for this purpose has been introduced, with promising
potential to be applied on the pilot industrial scale. Newly developed methodologies based either on the ion-exchange
separation (for example: simulated moving bed chromatography, expanded bed adsorption, magnetic ion exchangers, etc.)
or adsorption (for example: adsorption on hydroxyapatite or activated carbon, or molecular imprinting) are promising
approaches for scaling up of the whey proteins’ purification processes.
Conclusion:
Many procedures based on ion exchange are successfully implemented for separation and purification of
whey proteins, providing protein preparations of moderate-to-high yield and satisfactory purity. However, the authors
anticipate further development of adsorption-based methodologies for separation of whey proteins by targeting the
differences in proteins’ structures rather than targeting the differences in molecular masses and pI. The complex
composite multilayered matrices, including also inorganic components, are promising materials for simultaneous
exploiting of the differences in the masses, pI and structures of whey proteins for the separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Radosavljević
- Department of Biochemistry & Centre of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12‑16, 11000 Belgrade,Serbia
| | - Dragana Stanić-Vučinić
- Department of Biochemistry & Centre of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12‑16, 11000 Belgrade,Serbia
| | - Marija Stojadinović
- Department of Biochemistry & Centre of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12‑16, 11000 Belgrade,Serbia
| | - Mirjana Radomirović
- Department of Biochemistry & Centre of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12‑16, 11000 Belgrade,Serbia
| | - Ana Simović
- Department of Biochemistry & Centre of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12‑16, 11000 Belgrade,Serbia
| | - Milica Radibratović
- Center for Chemistry, University of Belgrade - Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade,Serbia
| | - Tanja Ćirković Veličković
- Department of Biochemistry & Centre of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12‑16, 11000 Belgrade,Serbia
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Karimidastjerd A, Gulsunoglu-Konuskan Z. Biological, functional and nutritional properties of caseinomacropeptide from sweet whey. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-13. [PMID: 34802348 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2000360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Bioactive peptides derived from bovine milk proteins have gained much attention due to their health promoting functions. All over the world, cheese industry generates high volumes of sweet whey that could be used as an alternative source of bioactive peptide in nutraceuticals and food industry. Caseinomacropeptide (CMP) is a bioactive peptide derived from κ-casein by the action of chymosin during cheese manufacturing. CMP consist of two forms which are glycosylated (gCMP) and non-glycosylated (aCMP). The predominant carbohydrate in gCMP is N-acetylneuraminic (sialic acid) which gives functional and biological properties to gCMP. Due to its unique composition and technological characteristics such as wide pH range solubility, emulsifying, gelling, and foaming ability, CMP has received special attention. Therefore, there is an increased interest in researches for isolation and concentration of CMP. However, the isolation and purification methods are not cost-effective. It would be easier to optimize the conditions for isolation, purification, and utilization of CMP in nutraceuticals and food industry through deeper understanding of the effective factors. In this review, the structure of CMP, biological activities, isolation, and purification methods, the factors affecting functional properties and application areas of CMP in food industry are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Karimidastjerd
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zehra Gulsunoglu-Konuskan
- Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey
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3
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Recent Advancements of UF-Based Separation for Selective Enrichment of Proteins and Bioactive Peptides—A Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11031078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Proteins are one of the primary building blocks that have significant functional properties to be applied in food and pharmaceutical industries. Proteins could be beneficial in their concentrated products or isolates, of which membrane-based filtration methods such as ultrafiltration (UF) encompass application in broad spectra of protein sources. More importantly, selective enrichment by UF is of immense interest due to the presence of antinutrients that may dominate their perspicuous bioactivities. UF process is primarily obstructed by concentration polarization and fouling; in turn, a trade-off between productivity and selectivity emerges, especially when pure isolates are an ultimate goal. Several factors such as operating conditions and membrane equipment could leverage those pervasive contributions; therefore, UF protocols should be optimized for each unique protein mixture and mode of configuration. For instance, employing charged UF membranes or combining UF membranes with electrodialysis enables efficient separation of proteins with a similar molecular weight, which is hard to achieve by the conventional UF membrane. Meanwhile, some proposed strategies, such as utilizing ultrasonic waves, tuning operating conditions, and modifying membrane surfaces, can effectively mitigate fouling issues. A plethora of advancements in UF, from their membrane material modification to the arrangement of new configurations, contribute to the quest to actualize promising potentials of protein separation by UF, and they are reviewed in this paper.
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Bukusoglu E, Koku H, Çulfaz-Emecen PZ. Addressing challenges in the ultrafiltration of biomolecules from complex aqueous environments. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2020.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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5
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Arunkumar A, Etzel MR. Fractionation of Glycomacropeptide from Whey Using Positively Charged Ultrafiltration Membranes. Foods 2018; 7:E166. [PMID: 30304801 PMCID: PMC6210718 DOI: 10.3390/foods7100166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Fractionation of the bovine glycomacropeptide (GMP) from the other proteins in cheese whey was examined using ultrafiltration membranes surface modified to contain positively charged polymer brushes made of polyhexamethylene biguanide. By placing a strong positive charge on a 1000 kDa ultrafiltration membrane and adjusting the pH of whey close to the isoelectric point of GMP, a 14-fold increase in selectivity was observed compared to unmodified membranes. A one stage membrane system gave 90% pure GMP and a three-stage rectification system gave 97% pure GMP. The charged membrane was salt-tolerant up to 40 mS cm-1 conductivity, allowing fractionation of GMP directly from cheese whey without first lowering the whey conductivity by water dilution. Thus, similarly sized proteins that differed somewhat in isoelectric points and were 50⁻100 fold smaller than the membrane molecular weight cut-off (MWCO), were cleanly fractionated using charged ultrafiltration membranes without water addition. This is the first study to report on the use of salt-tolerant charged ultrafiltration membranes to produce chromatographically pure protein fractions from whey, making ultrafiltration an attractive alternative to chromatography for dairy protein fractionation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhiram Arunkumar
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin, 1605 Linden Dr., Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| | - Mark R Etzel
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin, 1605 Linden Dr., Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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Solís Carvajal CA, Vélez Pasos CA, Ramírez-Navas JS. Tecnología de membranas: Ultrafiltración. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.31908/19098367.3546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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7
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Almeida CC, Monteiro MLG, Costa-Lima BRCD, Alvares TS, Conte-Junior CA. In vitro digestibility of commercial whey protein supplements. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2014.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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8
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Stone MT, Kozlov M. Separating proteins with activated carbon. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:8046-8055. [PMID: 24898563 DOI: 10.1021/la501005s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Activated carbon is applied to separate proteins based on differences in their size and effective charge. Three guidelines are suggested for the efficient separation of proteins with activated carbon. (1) Activated carbon can be used to efficiently remove smaller proteinaceous impurities from larger proteins. (2) Smaller proteinaceous impurities are most efficiently removed at a solution pH close to the impurity's isoelectric point, where they have a minimal effective charge. (3) The most efficient recovery of a small protein from activated carbon occurs at a solution pH further away from the protein's isoelectric point, where it is strongly charged. Studies measuring the binding capacities of individual polymers and proteins were used to develop these three guidelines, and they were then applied to the separation of several different protein mixtures. The ability of activated carbon to separate proteins was demonstrated to be broadly applicable with three different types of activated carbon by both static treatment and by flowing through a packed column of activated carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Stone
- EMD Millipore Corp., 80 Ashby Road, Bedford, Massachusetts 01730, United States
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Fractionation of α-lactalbumin and β-lactoglobulin from bovine milk serum using staged, positively charged, tangential flow ultrafiltration membranes. J Memb Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2013.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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10
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Pore size tailoring of poly(ether imide) membrane from UF to NF range by chemical post-treatment using aminated oligomers. J Memb Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2013.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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11
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Arunkumar A, Etzel MR. Fractionation of α-lactalbumin from β-lactoglobulin using positively charged tangential flow ultrafiltration membranes. Sep Purif Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2012.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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12
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Kumar M, Ulbricht M. Advanced ultrafiltration membranes based on functionalized poly(arylene ether sulfone) block copolymers. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra41483c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Haraguchi FK, Pedrosa ML, de Paula H, dos Santos RC, Silva ME. Evaluation of Biological and Biochemical Quality of Whey Protein. J Med Food 2010; 13:1505-9. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2009.0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fabiano Kenji Haraguchi
- Research Program in Biological Sciences, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Foods, School of Nutrition, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maria Lucia Pedrosa
- Research Program in Biological Sciences, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Heberth de Paula
- Research Program in Biological Sciences, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rinaldo Cardoso dos Santos
- Department of Foods, School of Nutrition, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Eustáquio Silva
- Research Program in Biological Sciences, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Foods, School of Nutrition, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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