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Imtiaz F, Islam M, Saeed H, Ahmed A, Asghar M, Saleem B, Farooq MA, Khan DH, Peltonen L. Novel phytoniosomes formulation of Tradescantia pallida leaves attenuates diabetes more effectively than pure extract. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
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Imtiaz F, Islam M, Saeed H, Ahmed A, Rathore HA. Assessment of the antidiabetic potential of extract and novel phytoniosomes formulation of Tradescantia pallida leaves in the alloxan-induced diabetic mouse model. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22818. [PMID: 36856606 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201395rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes inflicts health and economic burdens on communities and the present antidiabetic therapies have several drawbacks. Tradescantia pallida leaves have been used as a food colorant and food preservative; however, to our knowledge antidiabetic potential of the leaves of T. pallida has not been explored yet. The current study aimed to investigate the antidiabetic potential of T. pallida leaves extract and its comparison with the novel nisosome formulation of the extract. The leaves extract and phytoniosomes of T. pallida in doses of 15, 25 and 50 mg/kg were used to assess the oral glucose loaded, and alloxan-induced diabetic mice models. The biological parameters evaluated were; change in body weight, blood biochemistry, relative organ to body weight ratio and histopathology of the liver, pancreas and kidney. Results revealed that the extract 50 mg/kg and phytoniosomes 25 and 50 mg/kg remarkably reduced the blood glucose level in all hyperglycemic mice by possibly inhibiting α-amylase and α-glucosidase production. Body weight and blood biochemical parameters were considerably improved in phytoniosomes 50 mg/kg treated group. The relative body weight was similar to those of healthy mice in extract 50 mg/kg, phytoniosomes 25 mg/kg, and phytoniosomes 50 mg/kg treated groups. Histopathology showed the regeneration of cells in the CHN50 treated group. Hyphenated chromatographic analysis revealed potent metabolites, which confirmed the antidiabetic potential of the extract by inhibiting α-amylase and α-glucosidase using in silico analysis. The present data suggested that phytoniosomes have shown better antidiabetic potential than crude extract of these leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariha Imtiaz
- Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Punjab University College of Pharmacy, Allama Iqbal Campus, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Islam
- Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Punjab University College of Pharmacy, Allama Iqbal Campus, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hamid Saeed
- Section of Pharmaceutics, Punjab University College of Pharmacy, Allama Iqbal Campus, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abrar Ahmed
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Punjab University College of Pharmacy, Allama Iqbal Campus, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hassaan Anwer Rathore
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Budeč M, Bošnir J, Racz A, Lasić D, Brkić D, Mosović Ćuić A, Kuharić Ž, Jurak G, Barušić L. VERIFICATION OF AUTHENTICITY OF GINKGO BILOBA L. LEAF EXTRACT AND ITS PRODUCTS PRESENT ON THE CROATIAN MARKET BY ANALYSIS OF QUANTITY AND RATIO OF GINKGO FLAVONE GLYCOSIDES (QUERCETIN, KAEMPFEROL AND ISORHAMNETIN) TO TERPENE TRILACTONES TO THE EFFECT OF UNMASKING COUNTERFEIT DRUGS ENDANGERING PATIENT HEALTH. Acta Clin Croat 2019; 58:672-692. [PMID: 32595253 PMCID: PMC7314304 DOI: 10.20471/acc.2019.58.04.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginkgo biloba L. is the eldest plant growing on the Earth; preparations made of its leaves and seeds represent an integral part of the Chinese medicine for over a millennium. The plant species was first discovered by Linnaeus in 1771, its name thereby originating from the Latin words bis (two) and lobus (lobe), which duly illustrate the specific shape of its leaf. Contemporary Ginkgo biloba L. plant based pharmaceuticals mostly comprise extracts recovered from leaves harvested during fall, when the concentration of active components reaches its peak. Recent investigations have managed to establish the chemical composition of the plant leaf, together with the mechanisms underlying its beneficial effects on rheological profile of the blood and acceleration of its flow. High price of these preparations and their vast popularity have soon become an incentive for counterfeiting Ginkgo biloba L. extracts and the release of bogus drugs comprising cheaper extracts coming from other plants. Namely, modern Ginkgo biloba L.-based medicinal products and food supplements comprise extracts recovered from the plant leaf that get to be standardized according to its key pharmacological active components, most often flavone glycosides (represented in the share of 22%-27%) and terpene trilactones (represented in the share of 6%-7%). The flavonoids that predominate such preparations and are most relevant from the pharmacological standpoint are quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin, their total amount and mutual ratios, thereby being an unquestionable indicator of the extract authenticity. Therefore, most of the analyses aiming at verifying the authenticity of a given Ginkgo biloba L.-based product boil down to the analysis of these parameters. Counterfeiting involves partial or full replacement of the Ginkgo biloba L. extract (GBE) with a cheaper plant extract of a similar composition, the latter occasionally being enriched with an additional amount of flavonoids, most often quercetin, not originating from the Ginkgo biloba L. plant. The aim of this study was to verify the authenticity and quality of Ginkgo biloba L.-based products circulating on the Croatian market. To that effect, 10 samples of products produced by various manufacturers were analyzed in a certified laboratory. The parameters based on which the authenticity of the preparations was assessed were the shares of aglycones of typical ginkgo flavone glycosides, that is to say, quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin, and mutual ratios of the established quantities of quercetin to kaempferol as the key clues to unmasking Ginkgo extracts counterfeiting. The amount of ginkgo flavone glycosides was established using high performance liquid chromatography. The analysis proved 80% of the samples analyzed to be conformant to the label statements as regards the total amount of flavone glycosides and their mutual ratios. In 20% of the samples, the ratio of quercetin to kaempferol deviated from normal values; on top of that, the presence of the phytoestrogen genistein, one of the components typically comprised by the Sophora japonica L. plant, was also proven, documenting counterfeiting of the GBE and its replacement by the Sophora japonica L. extracts in the samples under consideration. Due to the untrue label statements descriptive of these products, the information on the presence of pharmacologically active genistein was neglected to be mentioned despite its unfavorable health impact that can be expected in some consumer groups. The results of this study indicated the frequency of counterfeiting the Ginkgo biloba L.-based products found on the Croatian market to be deemed substantial. Therefore, a more rigorous and more thorough control of these products and sanctioning of irresponsible manufacturers and distributers is proposed, so as to contribute to a higher market representation of high-quality products, as well as to avoid health risks and downsize the rate of their counterfeiting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jasna Bošnir
- 1Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 2University of Applied Health Studies, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Aleksandar Racz
- 1Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 2University of Applied Health Studies, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dario Lasić
- 1Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 2University of Applied Health Studies, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Danijel Brkić
- 1Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 2University of Applied Health Studies, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Mosović Ćuić
- 1Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 2University of Applied Health Studies, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Željka Kuharić
- 1Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 2University of Applied Health Studies, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gordana Jurak
- 1Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 2University of Applied Health Studies, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lidija Barušić
- 1Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 2University of Applied Health Studies, Zagreb, Croatia
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Shin JA, Jeong SH, Jia CH, Hong ST, Lee KT. Comparison of antioxidant capacity of 4-vinylguaiacol with catechin and ferulic acid in oil-in-water emulsion. Food Sci Biotechnol 2018; 28:35-41. [PMID: 30815292 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-018-0458-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The product of ferulic acid decarboxylation, 4-vinylguaiacol (4-VG), is an important antioxidant and is reported to have an antioxidant capacity comparable to α-tocopherol. In this study, evaluation on antioxidant capacities of ferulic acid, catechin, and 4-VG was performed when 200 ppm of each compound was added in a 10% O/W emulsion for 50 days. Peroxide value (POV) results of the O/W emulsion containing 4-VG were noteworthy. The POV was 1.9 meq/L of emulsion after 29 days, which was no different to the initial value (day 0). Even when the oxidation was allowed to advance to day 50, the POV remained at 2.2 meq/L of emulsion, representing only a tiny increase relative to the initial value on day 0. 1H-NMR results also showed that the lowest conjugated forms and no aldehydes were detected in emulsion of 4-VG stored for 50 days, proving the excellent antioxidant capacity in the O/W emulsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Ah Shin
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hwa Jeong
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134 Republic of Korea
| | - Cai-Hua Jia
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134 Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Taek Hong
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134 Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Teak Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134 Republic of Korea
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Ilyasoglu H. Production of structured lipid with a low omega-6/omega-3 fatty acids ratio by enzymatic interesterification. GRASAS Y ACEITES 2017. [DOI: 10.3989/gya.0565161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A structured lipid (SL) constituting omega fatty acids was synthesized by using linseed and grape seed oils as substrates via a lipase-catalyzed reaction. Lipozyme® TL IM was used as a biocatalyst. Good quadratic models predicting the incorporation of omega fatty acids were achieved via the Response surface methodology (RSM). The optimal conditions for targeted omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid ratio (2:1) were obtained at a substrate molar ratio 1.4, time 8.4 h, and enzyme amount 6.4%. The SL contained linoleic acid (43 g 100g-1), which was mainly located in the sn-2 position (40 g 100g-1). ?-Linoleic acid, and α-linolenic acid at the sn-2 position were 22 g 100g-1, and 11 g 100g-1, respectively. The oxidative stability of the SL, and SL with antioxidants was also investigated. The produced SL may be proposed as a source of a balanced intake of omega fatty acids and an ingredient in functional food formulations.
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Jia CH, Shin JA, Kim YM, Lee KT. Effect of processing on composition changes of selected spices. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176037. [PMID: 28459863 PMCID: PMC5411073 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The present investigation was conducted to study the true retentions of α-tocopherol, tocotrienols and β-carotene in crown daisy, unripe hot pepper, onion, garlic, and red pepper as affected by various domestic cooking methods, those were, boiling, baking, stir-frying, deep-frying, steaming, roasting, and microwaving. Fatty acid compositions were determined by GC, and HPLC were used for quantification of α-tocopherol, tocotrienols, and β-carotene. True retentions of α-tocopherol in cooked foods were as follows: boiling (77.74–242.73%), baking (85.99–212.39%), stir-frying (83.12–957.08%), deep-frying (162.48–4214.53%), steaming (45.97–179.57%), roasting (49.65–253.69%), and microwaving (44.67–230.13%). Similarly for true retention of β-carotene were: boiling (65.69–313.75%), baking (71.46–330.16%), stir-frying (89.62–362.46%), deep-frying (178.22–529.16%), steaming (50.39–240.92%), roasting (73.54–361.47%), and microwaving (78.60–339.87%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Hua Jia
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education), College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ah Shin
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Min Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Teak Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Kim BH, Akoh CC. Recent Research Trends on the Enzymatic Synthesis of Structured Lipids. J Food Sci 2015; 80:C1713-24. [PMID: 26189491 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Structured lipids (SLs) are lipids that have been chemically or enzymatically modified from their natural biosynthetic form. Because SLs are made to possess desired nutritional, physicochemical, or textural properties for various applications in the food industry, many research activities have been aimed at their commercialization. The production of SLs by enzymatic procedures has a great potential in the future market because of the specificity of lipases and phospholipases used as the biocatalysts. The aim of this review is to provide concise information on the recent research trends on the enzymatic synthesis of SLs of commercial interest, such as medium- and long-chain triacylglycerols, human milk fat substitutes, cocoa butter equivalents, trans-free or low-trans plastic fats (such as margarines and shortenings), low-calorie fats/oils, health-beneficial fatty acid-rich fats/oils, mono- or diacylglycerols, and structurally modified phospholipids. This limited review covers 108 research articles published between 2010 and 2014 which were searched in Web of Science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Hee Kim
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang Univ, Anseong, 456-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Casimir C Akoh
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology, The Univ. of Georgia, Food Science Building, Athens, GA, 30602-2610, U.S.A
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Un RN, Barlas FB, Yavuz M, Ag Seleci D, Seleci M, Gumus ZP, Guler E, Demir B, Can M, Coskunol H, Timur S. Phyto-Niosomes:In VitroAssessment of the Novel Nanovesicles Containing Marigold Extract. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2015.1030663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Yang D, Wang XY, Gan LJ, Zhang H, Shin JA, Lee KT, Hong ST. Effects of flavonoid glycosides obtained from a Ginkgo biloba extract fraction on the physical and oxidative stabilities of oil-in-water emulsions prepared from a stripped structured lipid with a low omega-6 to omega-3 ratio. Food Chem 2015; 174:124-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Influence of Ginkgo biloba extracts and of their flavonoid glycosides fraction on the in vitro digestibility of emulsion systems. Food Hydrocoll 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2014.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Demir B, Barlas FB, Guler E, Gumus PZ, Can M, Yavuz M, Coskunol H, Timur S. Gold nanoparticle loaded phytosomal systems: synthesis, characterization and in vitro investigations. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra05108d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel liposomal formulation was synthesized by encapsulating both gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) andCalendula officinalisextract as AuNP-phytosomes and AuNP-phytosomes were characterized and used atin vitroinvestigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Demir
- Ege University
- Faculty of Science
- Biochemistry Department
- Izmir, Turkey
| | - F. B. Barlas
- Ege University
- Faculty of Science
- Biochemistry Department
- Izmir, Turkey
| | - E. Guler
- Ege University
- Faculty of Science
- Biochemistry Department
- Izmir, Turkey
| | - P. Z. Gumus
- Ege University
- Institute of Drug Abuse Toxicology & Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Izmir, Turkey
| | - M. Can
- Izmir Katip Celebi University
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture
- Material Science and Engineering Department
- Izmir, Turkey
| | - M. Yavuz
- Ege University
- Faculty of Science
- Biochemistry Department
- Izmir, Turkey
- Dicle University
| | - H. Coskunol
- Ege University
- Institute of Drug Abuse Toxicology & Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Izmir, Turkey
- Ege University
- School of Medicine
| | - S. Timur
- Ege University
- Faculty of Science
- Biochemistry Department
- Izmir, Turkey
- Ege University
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