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Walter E, Schreiber J, Zass E, Eschenmoser A. Bakteriochlorophyll aGgund Bakteriophäophytin aPin den photosynthetischen Reaktionszentren vonrhodospirillum rubrum G-9+. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19790620329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Loach PA, Parkes-Loach PS, Davis CM, Heller BA. Probing protein structural requirements for formation of the core light-harvesting complex of photosynthetic bacteria using hybrid reconstitution methodology. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 1994; 40:231-245. [PMID: 24309942 DOI: 10.1007/bf00034773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/1993] [Accepted: 01/28/1994] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The α- and β-polypeptides of LH1 isolated from four different photosynthetic bacteria (Rhodospirillum rubrum, Rhodobacter sphaeroides, Rhodobacter capsulatus and Rhodopseudomonas viridis) were used for homologous and hybrid reconstitution experiments with bacteriochlorophyll a. Formation of B820-type subunit complexes and LH1-type complexes were evaluated. The β-polypeptides of R. rubrum, Rb. sphaeroides and Rb. capsulatus behaved similarly and formed B820-type subunit complexes in the absence of an α-polypeptide. The α- and β-polypeptides were both required to form a LH1-type complex with each of these three homologous systems. In hybrid experiments where the β-polypeptides were tested for reconstitution with α-polypeptides other than their homologous partners, half of the twelve possible combinations resulted in formation of both B820- and LH1-type complexes. Three of the combinations that did not result in formation of a LH1-type complex involved the β-polypeptide of R. rubrum. It is suggested that these latter results can be explained by charge repulsion between the Lys at position-17 (assigning the conserved His located nearest to the C-terminus as position 0) in the β-polypeptide of R. rubrum and each of the heterologous α-polypeptides tested, all of which have an Arg at this location. Conclusions that can be derived from these experimental results include: (1) the experimental data support the idea that a central core region of approximately 40 amino acids exists in each of the polypeptides, which contains sufficient information to allow formation of both the B820- and LH1-type complexes and (2) a specific portion of the N-terminal hydrophilic region of each polypeptide was found in which ion pairs between oppositely charged groups on the α- and β-polypeptides seem to stabilize complex formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Loach
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Cell Biology, Northwestern University, Hogan 2-100, 60208-3500, Evanston, IL, USA
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Woodle MC, Bustamante PL, Zebrowski-Morrison KE, Loach PA. Evaluation of the complexity of charge recombination kinetics in photosynthetic bacteria. Photochem Photobiol 1984; 40:525-31. [PMID: 6095340 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1984.tb04628.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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4
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Gogel G, Parkes P, Loach P, Brunisholz R, Zuber H. The primary structure of a light-harvesting bacteriochlorophylla-binding protein of wild-type Rhodospirillum rubrum. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/0167-4838(83)90007-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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5
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Mar T, Picorel R, Gingras G. Photosynthetic unit size and electron-transport chain in a photoreaction center-depleted mutant of Rhodospirillum rubrum. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(82)90049-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Cohen L, Kaplan S. The non-detergent solubilization and isolation of intracytoplasmic membrane polypeptides from Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides. J Biol Chem 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)69294-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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8
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Cohen L, Kaplan S. Characterization of the three major intracytoplasmic membrane polypeptides isolated from Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides. J Biol Chem 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)69295-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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9
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Francis GA, Richards WR. Localization of photosynthetic membrane components in Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides by a radioactive labeling procedure. Biochemistry 1980; 19:5104-11. [PMID: 6970049 DOI: 10.1021/bi00563a026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Reduction with [3H]KBH4 of Schiff's bases generated by reaction with pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (which cannot penetrate the intact cytoplasmic membrane) yields tritium-labeled derivatives of both proteins and lipids accessible on the periplasmic side of the cytoplasmic membrane. Application of this technique to phototrophically grown Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides labeled both the cell envelope and chromatophore fractions. The technique was also applied to R. sphaeroides harvested at various times during an adaptation from heterotrophic to phototrophic growth conditions. The specific activity of the chromatophore fraction after 20 h of adaptation was 76% of that found at the beginning, indicating that the intracytoplasmic membranes and cytoplasmic membrane form a continuous membrane system, with the majority of the intracytoplasmic membranes accessible to the external medium throughout the adaptation. The identity of the proteins labeled by this technique was investigated in two fractions labeled after cell disruption: normal "inside-out" chromatophores and "right-side-out" membrane vesicles isolated by lysozyme--osmotic shock treatment of cells grown in high light intensity (15000 lx). The results after sodium dodecyl sulfate--polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and fluorography indicated that the 28000-dalton subunit (and to a lesser extent the 21000-dalton subunit) of the reaction center complex and two polypeptides in the light-harvesting region of the gel were heavily labeled in the chromatophores and were thus accessible on the cytoplasmic side of the membrane. At least one of the latter two polypeptides was also labeled in the membrane vesicles and was thus also accessible on the periplasmic side of the membrane. None of the reaction center subunits was significantly labeled in a reaction center complex prepared from the membrane vesicle sample.
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10
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[15] Bacterial reaction center (RC) and photoreceptor complex (PRC) preparations. Methods Enzymol 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(80)69017-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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11
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Hunter CN, van Grondelle R, Holmes NG, Jones OT, Niederman RA. Fluorescence yield properties of a fraction enriched in newly synthesized bacteriochlorophyll a-protein complexes from rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides. Photochem Photobiol 1979; 30:313-6. [PMID: 315566 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1979.tb07154.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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12
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Kopp F, Cuendet PA, Mühlethaler K, Zuber H. Hydrophobic membrane protein from chromatophores of Rhodospirillum rubrum. Structural and spectroscopic studies of monolayers and multilayers. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1979; 553:438-49. [PMID: 110346 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(79)90299-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A hydrophobic, lipid- and pigment-free polypeptide from the chromatophore membrane of Rhodospirillum rubrum was spread from chloroform/methanol, pyridine and formic acid solutions at an air-water interface. Surface pressure versus area isotherms of the monolayers formed at the interface were partially dependent upon the spreading solvent used. From the surface area at 20 dynes/cm compression, an average molecular area of 12.9 nm2/molecule was calculated for a polypeptide monolayer spread from chloroform/methanol. Multilayers built up on germanium plates at different surface pressures were subjected to attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy. In all cases the amide I and II absorption bands were typical of alpha-helical and random conformations. Electron microscopy of transferred monolayers replicated by rotary platinum shadowing revealed domains of regular texture in specimens prepared at 20 dynes/cm. Such domains were virtually absent in specimens prepared at 10 and 30 dynes/cm. Light optical diffractometry of the ordered arrays yielded a smallest repetitive area of 13.5 nm2 which agrees well with the molecular area obtained from the monolayer surface. Although no drastic changes in secondary structure were detected in the course of this study, some conformational changes are indicated by solvent-dependent differences in the surface pressure versus area isotherms.
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Hall RL, Doorley PF, Niederman RA. TRANS-MEMBRANE LOCALIZATION OF REACTION CENTER PROTEINS IN RHODOPSEUDOMONAS SPHAEROIDES CHROMATOPHORES. Photochem Photobiol 1978. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1978.tb07708.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Feick R, Drews G. Isolation and characterization of light harvesting bacteriochlorophyll.protein complexes from Rhodopseudomonas capsulata. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1978; 501:499-513. [PMID: 629962 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(78)90117-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The isolation of two native light harvesting bacteriochlorophyl.protein complexes from Rhodopseudomonas capsulata is described. The light harvesting bacteriochlorophyll I (B 875) has been isolated from the blue-green mutant A1a+ lacking both carotenoids and light harvesting bacteriochlorophyll II. Light harvesting bacteriochlorophyll I is associated with a protein (light harvesting band 2) of 12 000 molecular weight. Light harvesting bacteriochlorophyll II complex has been isolated from the mutant Y5 lacking a reaction center and light harvesting bacteriochlorophyll I. Light harvesting bacteriochlorphyll II (B 800 + 850) together with carotenoids is associated with two polypeptides (light harvesting bands 3 and 4) having molecular weights of about 8000 and 10 000 (sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis). A third protein (light harvesting band 1) is in the purified light harvesting II fraction (mol. wt. approx. 14 000), but not associated with bacteriochlorophyll or carotenoids. The amino acid composition of the 3 antenna pigment II proteins is given. The polarity of these proteins was found to be 48%. From the amino acid composition the following molecular weights were calculated band 1: 17 350, band 3: 13 350 and band 4: 10 500.
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Gupta AD, Hales BJ. ACTION OF DETERGENTS AND ELECTROPHORESIS ON SPINACH CHLOROPLASTS UNDER HIGH ALKALINE CONDITIONS. Photochem Photobiol 1977. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1977.tb07509.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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16
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Klein SM, Vernon LP. Composition of a photosystem I chlorophyll protein complex from Anabaena flos-aquae. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1977; 459:364-75. [PMID: 402941 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(77)90038-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The use of Triton X-100 to solubilize membrane fragments from Anabaena flos-aquae in conjunction with DEAE cellulose chromatography allows the separation of three green fractions. Fraction 1 is detergent-solubilized chlorophyll, and Fraction 2 contains one polypeptide in the 15 kdalton area. Fraction 3, which contains most of the chlorophyll and shows P-700 and photosystem I activity, shows by SDS gel electrophoresis varying polypeptide profiles which reflect the presence of four fundamental bands as well as varying amounts of other polypeptides which appear to be aggregates containing the 15 kdalton polypeptide. The four fundamental bands are designated Band I at 120, Band II at 52, Band III at 46, and Band IV at 15 kdaltons. Band I obtained using 0.1% SDS contains chlorophyll and P-700 associated with it. When this band is cut out and rerun, the 120 kdalton band is lost, but significant increases occur in the intensities of Bands II, III, and IV as well as other polypeptides in the 20-30 kdalton range. The use of 1% Triton X-100 coupled with sucrose density gradient centrifugation allows the separation of three green bands at 10, 25 and 40% sucrose. The 10% layer contains a major polypeptide which appears to be Band IV. The 25 and 40% layers show essentially similar polypeptide profiles, resembling Fraction 3 in this regard, except that the 40% layer shows a marked decrease in Band III. Treatment of the material layering at the 40% sucrose level with a higher (4%) concentration of Triton X-100 causes a loss (disaggregation) of the polypeptides occurring in the 60-80 kdalton region and in increase in the lower molecular weight polypeptides. Thus, aggregation of the lower molecular weight polypeptides accounts for the variability seen in the electrophoresis patterns. Possible relations of the principal polypeptides to the known photochemical functions in the original membrane are discussed.
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Drachev LA, Frolov VN, Kaulen AD, Kondrashin AA, Samuilov VD, Semenov AY, Skulachev VP. Generation of electric current by chromatophores of Rhodospirillum rubrum and reconstitution of electrogenic function in subchromatophore pigment-protein complexes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1976; 440:637-60. [PMID: 61042 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(76)90048-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lipoprotein complexes, containing (1) bacteriochlorophyll reaction centers, (2) bacteriochlorophyll light-harvesting antenna or (3) both reaction centers and antenna, have been isolated from chromatophores of non-sulphur purple bacteria Rhodospirillum rubrum by detergent treatments. The method of reconstituting the proteoliposomes containing these complexes is described. Being associtated with planas azolectin membrane, ptoteoliposomes as well as intact chromatophores were found to generate a light-dependent transmembrane electric potential difference measured by Ag/AgC1 electrodes and voltmeter. The direction of the electric field inproteoliposomes can be regulated by the addition of antenna complexes to the reconstitution mixture. The reaction center complex proteoliposomes generate an electric field of a direction opposite to that in chromatophores, whereas proteoliposomes containing reaction center complexes and a sufficient amount of antenna complexes produce a potential difference as in chromatophores. ATP and inorganic pyrophosphate, besides light, were shown to be usable as energy sources for electric generation in chromatophores associated with planar membrane.
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Niederman RA, Mallon DE, Langan JJ. Membranes of Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides. IV. Assembly of chromatophores in low-aeration cell suspensions. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1976; 440:429-47. [PMID: 1085168 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(76)90076-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Chromatophore membrane formation was induced in low-aeration suspensions of Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides and highly purified chromatophore preparations were isolated at various intervals between 4 and 18 h. The levels of several functional components associated with the isolated strucures were investigated. B-875, the light-harvesting bacteriochlorophyll complex associated with the reaction center, was preferentially inserted into the chromatophore membrane during the early stages of induction, and thereafter its levels reached a steady state; b- and c-type cytochromes were also maintained at essentially constant levels. In contrast, the levels of B-850, the accessory light-harvesting bacteriochlorophyll, together with its associated protein, continued to increase throughout the induction process. Increases in the levels of the major carotenoid component followed a similar course. These findings are consistent with a stepwise assembly mechanism for associated bacteriochlorophyll and protein components and suggest that separate regulatory mechanisms control the levels of functionally essential and accessory components within the membrane.
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Abstract
The temperature dependency of the rate of biological electron transport is interpreted as evolving from a contraction of the electron transport components. A theoretical expression for this temperature dependency is derived in terms of the coefficient of linear expansion (a) of the protein components. Using this expression alpha is calculated for several electron transport systems and shown to be similar to alpha-values of synthetic polymers. A discontinuity in alpha is shown to be present in all biological electron transport reactions at ca. 150 K. This discontinuity is interpreted as a change in the intramolecular bonding of the electron transport protein units.
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Richards WR, Wallace RB, Tsao MS, Ho E. The nature of a pgiment-protein complex excreted from mutants of Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides. Biochemistry 1975; 14:5554-61. [PMID: 1081882 DOI: 10.1021/bi00697a003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Pigment-protein complexes excreted from three bacteriochlorophyll-less mutants (mutants 8, 8-29, and 8-47) of Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides have been isolated and purified. In the absence of detergents the complexes remained in an aggregated state, but were disaggregated by 0.2% Triron X-100. Sepharose 6B gel filtration indicated that the disaggregated complex from each of the mutants had a particle weight of about 165000, and contained 30 +/- 3% protein. This complex was further dissociated by 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate. Sephadex G-100 gel filtration now indicated that the majority of the protein was present as a small polypeptide with a molecular weight of about 9000. The pigment-protein complex from one of the mutants was treated with a bacteriochlorophyll extract. The bacteriochlorophyll was converted to bacteriopheophytin and became bound to the protein, replacing the endogenous tetrapyrrole (a bacteriocholorophyll precursor). The red absorption maximum of the bacteriopheophytin was shifted during this process to 840-865 nm. These properties are consistent with the possibility that the pigment-protein complexes contain a protein normally associated with light-harvesting bacteriochlorophyll in the wide-type strain.
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van der Rest M, Noël H, Gingras G. An immunological and electrophoretic study of Rhodospirillum rubrum chromatophore fragments. Arch Biochem Biophys 1974; 164:285-92. [PMID: 4215370 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(74)90033-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Takemoto J, Lascelles J. Function of membrane proteins coupled to bacteriochlorophyll synthesis. Studies with wild type and mutant strains of Rhodopseudomonas spheroides. Arch Biochem Biophys 1974; 163:507-14. [PMID: 4547213 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(74)90508-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Schwenker U, ST-ONGE M, Ginras G. Chemical and physical properties of a carotenoprotein from Rhodospirillum rubrum. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1974; 351:246-60. [PMID: 4210079 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2795(74)90187-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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