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Govindjee G, Peterson LF, Satoh K, Herbert S, de Kouchkovsky Y, Schreiber U, Murata N, Öquist G, Larkum AWD, Hiyama T, Berry JA. David (Dave) Charles Fork (1929-2020): a gentle human being, a great experimenter, and a passionate researcher. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2023; 155:107-125. [PMID: 36302911 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00964-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We provide here an overview of the remarkable life and outstanding research of David (Dave) Charles Fork (March 4, 1929-December 13, 2021) in oxygenic photosynthesis. In the words of the late Jack Edgar Myers, he was a top 'photosynthetiker'. His research dealt with novel findings on light absorption, excitation energy distribution, and redistribution among the two photosystems, electron transfer, and their relation to dynamic membrane change as affected by environmental changes, especially temperature. David was an attentive listener and a creative designer of experiments and instruments, and he was also great fun to work with. He is remembered here by his family, coworkers, and friends from around the world including Australia, France, Germany, Japan, Sweden, Israel, and USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
| | | | - Kazuhiko Satoh
- Department of Life Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Kohto, Kamigohri, Akogun, Hyogo, 678-1297, Japan
| | | | - Yaroslav de Kouchkovsky
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 7 Rue A. Pécard, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Ulrich Schreiber
- Julius-von-Sachs Institut für Biowissenschaften, Würzburg University, Julius-von-Sachs Platz 2, 97082, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Norio Murata
- National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Gunnar Öquist
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, 90 187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anthony W D Larkum
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Tetsuo Hiyama
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saitama University, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Joseph A Berry
- Carnegie Institution for Science, 260 Panama Street, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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Klauss A, Haumann M, Dau H. Seven Steps of Alternating Electron and Proton Transfer in Photosystem II Water Oxidation Traced by Time-Resolved Photothermal Beam Deflection at Improved Sensitivity. J Phys Chem B 2014; 119:2677-89. [DOI: 10.1021/jp509069p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- André Klauss
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Experimentalphysik, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Haumann
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Experimentalphysik, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Holger Dau
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Experimentalphysik, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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Photosystem trap energies and spectrally-dependent energy-storage efficiencies in the Chl d-utilizing cyanobacterium, Acaryochloris marina. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2013; 1827:255-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2012.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Revised: 10/08/2012] [Accepted: 11/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Yan C, Schofield O, Dubinsky Z, Mauzerall D, Falkowski PG, Gorbunov MY. Photosynthetic energy storage efficiency in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, based on microsecond photoacoustics. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2011; 108:215-224. [PMID: 21894460 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-011-9682-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2011] [Accepted: 08/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Using a novel, pulsed micro-second time-resolved photoacoustic (PA) instrument, we measured thermal dissipation and energy storage (ES) in the intact cells of wild type (WT) Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, and mutants lacking either PSI or PSII reaction centers (RCs). On this time scale, the kinetic contributions of the thermal expansion component due to heat dissipation of absorbed energy and the negative volume change due to electrostriction induced by charge separation in each of the photosystems could be readily distinguished. Kinetic analysis revealed that PSI and PSII RCs exhibit strikingly different PA signals where PSI is characterized by a strong electrostriction signal and a weak thermal expansion component while PSII has a small electrostriction component and large thermal expansion. The calculated ES efficiencies at ~10 μs were estimated to be 80 ± 5 and 50 ± 13% for PSII-deficient mutants and PSI-deficient mutants, respectively, and 67 ± 2% for WT. The overall ES efficiency was positively correlated with the ratio of PSI to PSI + PSII. Our results suggest that the shallow excitonic trap in PSII limits the efficiency of ES as a result of an evolutionary frozen metabolic framework of two photosystems in all oxygenic photoautotrophs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyi Yan
- Environmental Biophysics and Molecular Ecology Program, Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
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Listening to PS II: Enthalpy, entropy, and volume changes. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2011; 104:357-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2011.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2010] [Revised: 03/05/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Klauss A, Krivanek R, Dau H, Haumann M. Energetics and kinetics of photosynthetic water oxidation studied by photothermal beam deflection (PBD) experiments. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2009; 102:499-509. [PMID: 19330462 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-009-9417-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2008] [Accepted: 03/09/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Determination of thermodynamic parameters of water oxidation at the photosystem II (PSII) manganese complex is a major challenge. Photothermal beam deflection (PBD) spectroscopy determines enthalpy changes (ΔH) and apparent volume changes which are coupled with electron transfer in the S-state cycle (Krivanek R, Dau H, Haumann M (2008) Biophys J 94: 1890–1903). Recent PBD results on formation of the Q⁻(A)/Y(•+)(Z) radical pair suggest a value of ΔH similar to the free energy change, ΔG, of -540±40 meV previously determined by the analysis of recombination fluorescence, but presently the uncertainty range of ΔH values determined by PBD is still high (±250 meV). In the oxygen-evolving transition, S₃−−>S₀, the enthalpy change may be close to zero. A prominent non-thermal signal is associated with both Q⁻(A)/Y(•+)(Z) formation (<1 μs) and the S₃−−>S₀ transition (~1 ms). The observed (apparent) volume expansion (ΔV of about +40 ų per PSII unit) in the S₃−−>S₀ transition seems to revert, at least partially, the contractions on lower S-transitions and may also comprise contributions from O₂ and proton release. The observed volume changes show that the S₃−−>S₀ transition is accompanied by significant nuclear movements, which likely are of importance with respect to energetics and mechanism of photosynthetic water oxidation. Detailed PBD studies on all S-transitions will contribute to the progress in PSII research by providing insights not accessible by other spectroscopic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Klauss
- FB Physik, Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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Bugs MR, Bortoleto-Bugs RK, Cornélio ML. Photoacoustic spectroscopy of aromatic amino acids in proteins. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2007; 37:205-12. [PMID: 17805525 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-007-0217-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2007] [Revised: 08/14/2007] [Accepted: 08/24/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This paper concerns the use of photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) to study the presence of aromatic amino acid in proteins. We examined the aromatic amino acids in six proteins with well-known structures using absorption spectra of near ultraviolet PAS over the wavelength range 240-320 nm. The fundamental understanding of the physical and chemical properties that govern the absorption of light and a subsequent release of heat to generate a transient pressure wave was used to test the concept of monitoring aromatic amino acids with this method. Second derivative spectroscopy in the ultraviolet region of proteins was also used to study the regions surrounding the aromatics and the percentage area in each band was related in order to determine the contribution in function of the respective molar extinction coefficients for each residue. Further investigation was conducted into the interaction between sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and bothropstoxin-I (BthTx-I), with the purpose of identifying the aromatics that participate in the interaction. The clear changes in the second derivative and curve-fitting procedures suggest that initial SDS binding to the tryptophan located in the dimer interface and above 10 SDS an increased intensity between 260 and 320 nm, demonstrating that the more widespread tyrosine and phenylalanine residues contribute to the SDS/BthTx-I interactions. These results demonstrate the potential of near UV-PAS for the investigation of membrane proteins/detergent complexes in which light scattering is significant.
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Bugs MR, Cornélio ML. Analysis of the Ethidium Bromide Bound to DNA by Photoacoustic and FTIR Spectroscopy¶. Photochem Photobiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2001)0740512aotebb2.0.co2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Herbert SK, Biel KY, Vogelmann TC. A photoacoustic method for rapid assessment of temperature effects on photosynthesis. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2006; 87:287-94. [PMID: 16699919 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-005-9009-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2005] [Accepted: 07/14/2005] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The photosynthetic and photoacoustic properties of leaf samples were studied using a photoacoustic system modified for precise temperature control. Data were collected over a temperature range of -10 degrees C to +60 degrees C. A distinct acoustic noise transient marked the freezing temperature of the samples. A positive absorption transient and a brief period of oxygen uptake marked the thermal denaturing temperature of the samples. Between these extremes, the effects of temperature on light absorption, oxygen evolution, and photochemical energy storage were quantified quickly and easily. Oxygen evolution could be measured as low as -5 degrees C and showed a broad temperature peak that was 10 degrees C lower under limiting light intensity than under saturating light intensity. Photochemical energy storage showed a narrower temperature peak that was only slightly lower for limiting light intensities than for saturating light intensities. In a survey of diverse plants, temperature response curves for oxygen evolution were determined readily for a variety of leaf types, including ferns and conifer needles. These results demonstrate that temperature-controlled photoacoustics can be useful for rapid assessment of temperature effects on photosynthesis and other leaf properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen K Herbert
- Department of Botany, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY 82071-3165, USA.
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Gensch T, Viappiani C. Time-resolved photothermal methods: accessing time-resolved thermodynamics of photoinduced processes in chemistry and biology. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2003; 2:699-721. [PMID: 12911218 DOI: 10.1039/b303177b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photothermal methods are currently being employed in a variety of research areas, ranging from materials science to environmental monitoring. Despite the common term which they are collected under, the implementations of these techniques are as diverse as the fields of application. In this review, we concentrate on the recent applications of time-resolved methods in photochemistry and photobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Gensch
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institut für Biologische Informationsverarbeitung 1, 52425 Jülich, Germany.
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Mura J, Miranda LCM, Baesso ML, Bento AC, Rubira AF. Piezo- and pyroelectric photothermal characterization of polymers as a function of temperature. J Appl Polym Sci 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/app.2120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Lima JAP, Cardoso SL, Silva MG, Sthel MS, Gatts CEN, Vargas H, Miranda LCM. Thermal Diffusivity as an Automotive Fuel Characterization Parameter: Correlation with Motor Octane Number. Ind Eng Chem Res 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/ie010177h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José A. P. Lima
- Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Avenida Alberto Lamego 2000, 28015-620 Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sergio L. Cardoso
- Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Avenida Alberto Lamego 2000, 28015-620 Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcelo G. Silva
- Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Avenida Alberto Lamego 2000, 28015-620 Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcelo S. Sthel
- Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Avenida Alberto Lamego 2000, 28015-620 Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carlos E. N. Gatts
- Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Avenida Alberto Lamego 2000, 28015-620 Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Helion Vargas
- Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Avenida Alberto Lamego 2000, 28015-620 Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luiz C. M. Miranda
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
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Abstract
Under physiological conditions B-form DNA is an exceedingly stable structure. However, experimental evidences obtained through nuclear magnetic resonance and fluorescence anisotropy suggest that the structure of the double helix fluctuates substantially. We describe photoacoustic phase modulation frequency measurements of ethidium bromide (Eb) with calf thymus DNA. As in fluorescence phase modulation measurements, we used an intercalating dye as a probe; however, we monitored the triplet excited state lifetime at different ionic strengths. The triplet lifetime of Eb varied from about 0.30 ms, with no DNA present, to 20 ms (at a DNA:Eb molar ratio of 5). With salt titration, this value falls to about 2.0 ms. This result suggests a strong coupling between the phenantridinium ring of the ethidium and the base pairs because of the stacking movement of the DNA molecule under salt effect. This effect may be understood considering DNA as a polyelectrolyte. The counterions in the solution shield the phosphate groups, reducing the electrostatic repulsion force between them, hence compacting the DNA molecule. The results from Fourier transform infrared demonstrated two important bands: 3187 cm-1 corresponding to the symmetric stretching of the NH group of the bases and 1225 cm-1 corresponding to the asymmetric stretching of phosphate groups shifted toward higher wavenumbers, suggesting a proximity between the intercalant and base pairs and a modification of the DNA backbone state, both induced by salt accretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Bugs
- Departamento de Física, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rua Cristovão Colombo, 2265 São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo CEP 15054-000, Brazil.
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Han T, Vogelmann TC. A photoacoustic spectrometer for measuring heat dissipation and oxygen quantum yield at the microscopic level within leaf tissues. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s1011-1344(99)00042-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Malkin S, Fork DC. Bill Arnold and calorimetric measurements of the quantum requirement of photosynthesis-once again ahead of his time. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 1996; 48:41-6. [PMID: 24271284 DOI: 10.1007/bf00040994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/1995] [Accepted: 11/17/1995] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The approach of photocalorimetry to decide on the true quantum requirement of photosynthesis - one of the main issues of the research in the first half of the century and a source of a bitter debate - is described. Bill Arnold's original approach to get into the true answer is reflected from the point of view of present day calorimetric techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Malkin
- The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
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Bukhov NG, Boucher N, Carpentier R. Transformation of the Photoacoustic Signal after Treatment of Barley Leaves with Methylviologen or High Temperatures. Photochem Photobiol 1996. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1996.tb03029.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Herbert SK, Martin RE, Fork DC. Light adaptation of cyclic electron transport through Photosystem I in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7942. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 1995; 46:277-85. [PMID: 24301593 DOI: 10.1007/bf00020441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/1995] [Accepted: 05/30/1995] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Photosystem I-driven cyclic electron transport was measured in intact cells of Synechococcus sp PCC 7942 grown under different light intensities using photoacoustic and spectroscopic methods. The light-saturated capacity for PS I cyclic electron transport increased relative to chlorophyll concentration, PS I concentration, and linear electron transport capacity as growth light intensity was raised. In cells grown under moderate to high light intensity, PS I cyclic electron transport was nearly insensitive to methyl viologen, indicating that the cyclic electron supply to PS I derived almost exclusively from a thylakoid dehydrogenase. In cells grown under low light intensity, PS I cyclic electron transport was partially inhibited by methyl viologen, indicating that part of the cyclic electron supply to PS I derived directly from ferredoxin. It is proposed that the increased PSI cyclic electron transport observed in cells grown under high light intensity is a response to chronic photoinhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Herbert
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, 83844-3051, Moscow, ID, USA
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Yañez-Limón M, Rodríguez ME, Alvarado-Gil JJ, Zelaya-Angel O, Sánchez-Sinencio F, Cruz-Orea A, Vargas H, Figueroa JDC, Martínez-Bustos F, Martínez JL, González-Hernández J, Argüello C, Miranda LCM. Photoacoustic measurements of thermal diffusivity and correlation with viscosity of instant corn dry masa flour. Analyst 1995. [DOI: 10.1039/an9952001953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Crippa P, Vecli A, Viappiani C. Time-resolved photoacoustic spectroscopy: New developments of an old idea. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/1011-1344(93)06959-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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A direct measurement of thermal energy dissipation in the photosynthetic apparatus during induction of fluorescence. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/1011-1344(93)06947-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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