1
|
Sharapov MG, Gudkov SV, Lankin VZ. Hydroperoxide-Reducing Enzymes in the Regulation of Free-Radical Processes. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2021; 86:1256-1274. [PMID: 34903155 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297921100084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The review presents current concepts of the molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress development and describes main stages of the free-radical reactions in oxidative stress. Endogenous and exogenous factors of the oxidative stress development, including dysfunction of cell oxidoreductase systems, as well as the effects of various external physicochemical factors, are discussed. The review also describes the main components of the antioxidant defense system and stages of its evolution, with a special focus on peroxiredoxins, glutathione peroxidases, and glutathione S-transferases, which share some phylogenetic, structural, and catalytic properties. The substrate specificity, as well as the similarities and differences in the catalytic mechanisms of these enzymes, are discussed in detail. The role of peroxiredoxins, glutathione peroxidases, and glutathione S-transferases in the regulation of hydroperoxide-mediated intracellular and intercellular signaling and interactions of these enzymes with receptors and non-receptor proteins are described. An important contribution of hydroperoxide-reducing enzymes to the antioxidant protection and regulation of such cell processes as growth, differentiation, and apoptosis is demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mars G Sharapov
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
| | - Sergey V Gudkov
- Prokhorov Institute of General Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia.,Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, 603022, Russia.,All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Bolshiye Vyazemy, 143050, Russia
| | - Vadim Z Lankin
- National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
de Oliveira MAA, Mallmann NH, de Souza GKBB, de Jesus Bacha T, Lima ES, de Lima DSN, de Souza Passos LF, de Souza Gonçalves M, de Moura Neto JP. Glutathione S-transferase, catalase, and mitochondrial superoxide dismutase gene polymorphisms modulate redox potential in systemic lupus erythematosus patients from Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. Clin Rheumatol 2021; 40:3639-3649. [PMID: 33745084 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-021-05680-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the frequency of glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase, and SOD2 genetic polymorphisms and their correlation with SLE. METHODS A total of 290 females (patients = 151; controls= 139) were recruited. Multiplex PCR was performed for genotyping GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes, whereas real-time qPCR was used for determination of SNPs: CAT C262T, SOD2 C47T, GSTP1 A313G and GSTP1 IVS6 -C16T. RESULTS Thiol levels are decreased in SLE patients (p<0.001), while MDA levels were significantly higher (p<0.001) and those carrying the polymorphisms had higher rates of oxidative stress. Patients with double null deletion GSTT1null/GSTM1null had a frequency almost five times higher than the controls (p<0.001, OR 4.81, CI 1.98-12.11). SLE patients had a lower wild-type frequency of SOD2CC allele compared to controls (12.4% vs 27.3%). Statistical significances were observed on the association between the GSTT1null and GSTM1null with SOD2mut (p<0.001, OR 0.15, CI 0.05-0.47), with GSTP1 A303G (p=0.012, OR 0.19, CI 0.05-0.69), and with GSTP1 IVS6 (p=0.008, OR 0.14, CI 0.03-0.63). The same was observed between SOD2 C47T with GSTP1 A303G (p=0.09, OR 0.27, CI 0.09-0.74) and GSTP1 IVS6 (p=0.036, OR 0.41, CI 0.18-0.92). CONCLUSIONS The deletion GSTT1null/GSTM1null may contribute to the increased of the oxidative stress in SLE patients. Isolated GSTP1 and CAT polymorphisms do not seem to influence the increased oxidative stress, neither SLE clinical manifestations. SOD2 47CT/TT allele may have greater oxidative stress due to structural change in the protein and decreased H2O2 production. The combination of polymorphic genes may be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. Key points • Major question of our paper: Many studies have shown that the antioxidant status levels are decreased in patients with SLE, especially in severe stages of disease. We believe that this paper will be of interest to the readership of your journal had the involvement of polymorphisms and mutations in several genes that contribute to the genetic etiology of SLE, suggesting that these may influence the mechanisms of disease. • Our results. Thiol level was significantly (p<.001) lower and MDA level significantly increased (p<.001) among SLE patients. Those carrying the polymorphisms had higher rates of oxidative stress. SLE Patients had a frequency almost five times higher of double null deletion GSTT1null/GSTM1null than the controls. SLE Patients had a lower wild type frequency of SOD2CC allele compared to controls (12.4% vs 27.3%). We believed the deletion GSTT1null/GSTM1null may contribute to the increased of the oxidative stress in SLE patients while carriers of the mutant SOD2 47CT/TT allele may have greater oxidative stress due to structural change in the protein and decreased H2O2 production. The combination of polymorphic genes may be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. • Implications of our results: Evidence for the involvement of genetic factors in severe clinical to lupus is compelling. This manuscript shows genetic insights in pathogenic pathways that may lead to severe clinical implications to LES. Therefore, it is necessary to understand their impact on overall disease pathogenesis and prognosis in these patients. We understand from general consensus about environmental factors can modify disease, however, maybe just in individuals who have a permissive genetic background. Even that no single gene predisposes some individuals to LES, we believe the genetic factors described in this manuscript are important elements in susceptibility to severe clinical to LES.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Aurélio Almeida de Oliveira
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Avenida General Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos 6200 - Coroado, Manaus - AM, CEP: 69067-005, Brazil
| | - Neila Hiraishi Mallmann
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Avenida General Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos 6200 - Coroado, Manaus - AM, CEP: 69067-005, Brazil
| | - Giselle Katiane Bonfim Bacellar de Souza
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Avenida General Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos 6200 - Coroado, Manaus - AM, CEP: 69067-005, Brazil
| | - Thiago de Jesus Bacha
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Avenida General Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos 6200 - Coroado, Manaus - AM, CEP: 69067-005, Brazil
| | - Emerson Silva Lima
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Avenida General Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos 6200 - Coroado, Manaus - AM, CEP: 69067-005, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Genetic Polymorphisms Associated with Environmental Exposure to Polycyclic Derivatives in African Children. DISEASE MARKERS 2018; 2018:9078939. [PMID: 30154939 PMCID: PMC6092976 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9078939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background The nonracial leukopenia may be a result of exposure to polycyclic derivatives (benzene-toluene-xylene (BTX)) and may arise from a possible change in the bone marrow microenvironment. The present study sought to evaluate the association of genetic polymorphisms in xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes with hematological and biochemical profiles. Methods We evaluated 89 African descendant children, exposed indirectly to benzene derivatives. Laboratory parameters were investigated by automated methods and genetic polymorphisms by PCR-RFLP and PCR multiplex. Results Children with leukopenia had significantly decreased white blood cells (WBCs) and platelet counts, which is not consistent with benign leukopenia. In the same group, we have found that carriers of the CYP2E1 variant allele had decreased WBC and lymphocytes. Those with NQO1 variant allele had decreased WBC, neutrophil, eosinophil, monocyte, and lymphocyte counts. Carriers of the MPO variant allele had decreased WBC, neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil, monocyte, lymphocyte, and platelet counts and an elevated free iron level. Children with GSTT and GSTM null exhibited decreased WBC, neutrophil, basophil, and lymphocyte counts. Our multivariate analysis model reveals that females were independently associated with leukopenia. Conclusion Our results suggest that the polymorphisms investigated were associated with hematological changes in the studied population. These alterations could be heightened by exposure to benzene derivatives.
Collapse
|
4
|
Fulgenzi A, Zanella SG, Mariani MM, Vietti D, Ferrero ME. A case of multiple sclerosis improvement following removal of heavy metal intoxication: lessons learnt from Matteo's case. Biometals 2012; 25:569-76. [PMID: 22438029 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-012-9537-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2011] [Accepted: 03/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic progressive disease of the central nervous system (CNS) provoking disability and neurological symptoms. The exact causes of SM are unknown, even if it is characterized by focal inflammatory lesions in CNS accompanied by autoimmune reaction against myelin. Indeed, many drugs able to modulate the immune response of patients have been used to treat MS. More recently, toxic metals have been proposed as possible causes of neurodegenerative diseases. The objective of this study is to investigate in vivo the impact of heavy metal intoxication in MS progression. We studied the case of a patient affected by MS, who has been unsuccessfully treated for some years with current therapies. We examined his levels of toxic heavy metals in the urine, following intravenous "challenge" with the chelating agent calcium disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA).The patient displayed elevated levels of aluminium, lead and mercury in the urine. Indeed, he was subjected to treatment with EDTA twice a month. Under treatment, the patient revealed in time improved symptoms suggestive of MS remission. The clinical data correlated with the reduction of heavy metal levels in the urine to normal range values. Our case report suggests that levels of toxic metals can be tested in patients affected by neurodegenerative diseases as MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Fulgenzi
- Dipartimento di Morfologia Umana e Scienze Biomediche Città Studi, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via L. Mangiagalli, 31, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|