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Kay J, Nikolov NP, Weisman MH. American College of Rheumatology and Food and Drug Administration Summit: Summary of the Meeting, May 17-18, 2022. Arthritis Rheumatol 2024; 76:1323-1333. [PMID: 38622107 DOI: 10.1002/art.42864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The American College of Rheumatology and the US Food and Drug Administration co-sponsored a public meeting in May 2022 about challenges in the clinical development of drugs for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), focusing on innovative clinical trial designs, outcome measures, and data collection methods. Recommendations include early dose-ranging studies and use of active comparators. Challenges and opportunities in assessing long-term safety by leveraging real-world data from electronic health records (EHRs) and claims data are discussed, along with insights from European registries and the evolving role of real-world evidence and artificial intelligence in regulatory evaluations. Endpoints for assessing disease activity and outcome measures used in RA and PsA trials are explored, emphasizing challenges in defining remission, assessing clinical response, and evaluating structural progression. The need for outcome measures that better reflect treatment targets and the potential of advanced imaging in future trials are highlighted. Challenges with placebo-controlled trials in RA are discussed and use of non-inferiority clinical trial design, in which new drugs are evaluated with active comparators, is proposed. Pragmatic trials in RA and PsA, employing decentralized approaches, are highlighted for their real-world relevance and administrative efficiencies. Strategies for identifying at-risk populations for RA and the challenges of using EHRs and insurance claims data in drug development are discussed. Registry data and digital health technologies show promise in bridging the gap between clinical trials and real-world effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Kay
- UMass Chan Medical School and UMass Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Nikolay P Nikolov
- Food and Drug Administration Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
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Qizilbash N, Kataria H, Jarman H, Bloom B, Bradney M, Oh M, Yee SA, Roncero A, Mendez I, Pocock S. Real world safety of methoxyflurane analgesia in the emergency setting: a comparative hybrid prospective-retrospective post-authorisation safety study. BMC Emerg Med 2023; 23:100. [PMID: 37649004 PMCID: PMC10469512 DOI: 10.1186/s12873-023-00862-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low-dose analgesic methoxyflurane (Penthrox®) was approved in Europe for emergency relief of moderate to severe pain in conscious adults with trauma in 2015. A comparative post-authorisation safety study (PASS) was conducted to assess the risk of hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity with methoxyflurane during routine clinical practice. METHODS This was a comparative hybrid prospective-retrospective cohort study. The comparative cohorts consisted of adults who were given methoxyflurane (methoxyflurane cohort) or another analgesic (concurrent cohort) routinely used for moderate to severe trauma and associated pain in the emergency setting (ambulance and Emergency Department) in the UK between December 2016 and November 2018. Hepatic and renal events were captured in the ensuing 12 weeks. A blinded clinical adjudication committee assessed events. A historical comparator cohort (non-concurrent cohort) was identified from patients with fractures in the English Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) accident and emergency database from November 2013 and November 2015 (before commercial launch of methoxyflurane). Hepatic and renal events were captured in the ensuing 12 weeks via linkage with the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) and HES hospital admissions databases. RESULTS Overall, 1,236, 1,101 and 45,112 patients were analysed in the methoxyflurane, concurrent and non-concurrent comparator cohorts respectively. There was no significant difference in hepatic events between the methoxyflurane and concurrent cohorts (1.9% vs. 3.0%, P = 0.079) or between the methoxyflurane and non-concurrent cohorts (1.9% vs. 2.5%, P = 0.192). Renal events were significantly less common in the methoxyflurane cohort than in the concurrent cohort (2.3% vs. 5.6%, P < 0.001). For methoxyflurane versus non-concurrent cohort the lower occurrence of renal events (2.3% vs. 3.2%, P = 0.070) was not statistically significant. Multivariable adjustment did not change these associations. CONCLUSIONS Methoxyflurane administration was not associated with an increased risk of hepatotoxicity or nephrotoxicity compared with other routinely administered analgesics and was associated with a reduced risk of nephrotoxicity compared with other routinely administered analgesics. TRIAL REGISTRATION Study registered in the EU PAS Register (ENCEPP/SDPP/13040).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawab Qizilbash
- OXON Epidemiology, London, UK.
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
| | - Himanshu Kataria
- St Helens and Knowsley NHS Foundation Trust (Whiston Hospital), Prescot, UK
| | | | | | | | - Maggie Oh
- Medical Developments International Limited, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sue Anne Yee
- Medical Developments International Limited, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | - Stuart Pocock
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Al-Kandari NM, Garthwaite PH. Bayesian analysis of misclassified binomial data: double-sampling and the zero-numerator problem. COMMUN STAT-SIMUL C 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/03610918.2020.1855448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noriah M. Al-Kandari
- Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Paul H. Garthwaite
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK
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Palombieri A, Di Profio F, Lanave G, Capozza P, Marsilio F, Martella V, Di Martino B. Molecular detection and characterization of Carnivore chaphamaparvovirus 1 in dogs. Vet Microbiol 2020; 251:108878. [PMID: 33069035 PMCID: PMC7528909 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Canine chaphamaparvovirus (CaChPV) is a novel parvovirus recently discovered in dogs; Herein, stool samples from dogs with or without enteric signs were screened for CaChPV; CaChPV DNA was found either in diarrhoeic (1.9 %) or asymptomatic (1.6 %) dogs; The nearly complete genome sequences were determined for two strains; The Italian CaChPV strains tightly clustered with the American reference viruses.
Canine chaphamaparvovirus (CaChPV) is a newly recognised parvovirus discovered by metagenomic analysis during an outbreak of diarrhoea in dogs in Colorado, USA, in 2017 and more recently detected in diarrhoeic dogs in China. Whether the virus plays a role as canine pathogen and whether it is distributed elsewhere, in other geographical areas, is not known. We performed a case-control study to investigate the possible association of CaChPV with enteritis in dogs. CaChPV DNA was detected both in the stools of diarrhoeic dogs (1.9 %, 3/155) and of healthy animals (1.6 %, 2/120). All the CaChPV-infected dogs with diarrhea were mixed infected with other enteric viruses such as canine parvovirus (formerly CPV-2), canine bufavirus (CBuV) and canine coronavirus (CCoV), whilst none of the asymptomatic CaChPV positive animals resulted co-infected. The nearly full-length genome and the partial capsid protein (VP) gene of three canine strains, Te/36OVUD/19/ITA, Te/37OVUD/19/ITA and Te/70OVUD/19/ITA, were reconstructed. Upon phylogenetic analyses based on the NS1 and VP aa sequences, the Italian CaChPV strains tightly clustered with the American reference viruses. Distinctive residues could be mapped to the deduced variable regions of the VP of canine and feline chaphamaparvoviruses, considered as important markers of host range and pathogenicity for parvoviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Palombieri
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Località Piano D'Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Federica Di Profio
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Località Piano D'Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Gianvito Lanave
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università Aldo Moro di Bari, Valenzano, Italy
| | - Paolo Capozza
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università Aldo Moro di Bari, Valenzano, Italy
| | - Fulvio Marsilio
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Località Piano D'Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Vito Martella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università Aldo Moro di Bari, Valenzano, Italy
| | - Barbara Di Martino
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Località Piano D'Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
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Tuyl F. A Method to Handle Zero Counts in the Multinomial Model. AM STAT 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00031305.2018.1444673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Tuyl
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Tuyl
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW, Australia
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Tuyl F, Gerlach R, Mengersen K. Consensus priors for multinomial and binomial ratios. JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL THEORY AND PRACTICE 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/15598608.2016.1219684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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First molecular evidence of kobuviruses in goats in Italy. Arch Virol 2016; 161:3245-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-016-3017-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Bodnar L, Di Martino B, Di Profio F, Melegari I, Lanave G, Lorusso E, Cavalli A, Elia G, Bányai K, Marsilio F, Buonavoglia C, Martella V. Detection and molecular characterization of sapoviruses in dogs. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2015; 38:8-12. [PMID: 26658065 PMCID: PMC7106069 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2015.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Caliciviruses are important human and animal pathogens. Novel caliciviruses have been identified recently in dogs, raising questions about their pathogenic role and concerns regarding their zoonotic potential. By screening stool samples of young or juvenile dogs using RT-PCR assays, sapoviruses (SaVs) were found in 7/320 (2.2%) samples of animals with acute gastroenteritis while they were not detected in healthy animals (0/119). The sequence of a nearly 3 kb portion at the 3′ end of the genome, encompassing the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), the capsid region (ORF1) and the ORF2 were determined for three strains. A distinctive genetic feature in canine SaVs was a 4-nucleotide (nt) interval between the ORF1 and ORF2. Two strains (Bari/4076/07/ITA and Bari/253/07/ITA) were very closely related in the RdRp and capsid regions to the strain AN210D/09/USA (90.4–93.9% nt), while strain Bari/5020/07/ITA displayed only 71.0–72.0% nt identity to this group of canine SaVs and 76.0% to strain AN196/09/USA. Overall, these findings indicate that the canine SaVs detected in Italy may represent distinct capsid types, although all currently known SaVs segregate into the novel proposed genogroup, tentatively named as GXIII. Sapoviruses (SaVs), Caliciviridae family, have been recently discovered in dogs. Canine SaVs were detected in 2.2% of diarrheic dogs but not in asymptomatic dogs. The viruses were genetically related to canine SaV prototypes detected in USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Bodnar
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Valenzano, Italy
| | - Barbara Di Martino
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Federica Di Profio
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Irene Melegari
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Gianvito Lanave
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Valenzano, Italy
| | - Eleonora Lorusso
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Valenzano, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cavalli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Valenzano, Italy
| | - Gabriella Elia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Valenzano, Italy
| | - Krisztián Bányai
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Fulvio Marsilio
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Canio Buonavoglia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Valenzano, Italy; Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Puglia and Basilicata, Foggia, Italy
| | - Vito Martella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Valenzano, Italy.
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Garthwaite PH, Crawford JR. Inference for a binomial proportion in the presence of ties. J Appl Stat 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/02664763.2010.537649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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