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A Review on Medicinal Plants Having Anticancer Properties of Northeast India and Associated Endophytic Microbes and their Future in Medicinal Science. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.16.3.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human beings are affected by different diseases and suffer to different extents. Cancer is one of the major human disease and millions of people suffered from cancer and end their lives every year. Peoples are dependent on herbal medicines since prehistoric time especially from developing countries. It is very common to have different side effects of modern synthetic medicines; hence now-a-days importance of herbal medicines due to no or least side effects increases all parts of the world. But the major problems of using herbal medicines are that plants can produce very limited amount of medicinally important bioactive metabolites and they have very long growth periods. Therefore endophytes are the excellent alternative of plant derived metabolites. Endophytic microbes can synthesize exactly same type of metabolites as the plant produces. North East India is a treasure of plant resources; various types of medicinal plants are present in this region. Different types of indigenous tribes are inhabited in this region who used different plants in traditional system for treating various disease. But with increasing demand it is sometimes not sufficient to manage the demand of medicines, therefore for massive production endophytic study is crucial. In spite of having huge plant resources very limited endophytic studies are observed in this region. In this review, we studied different plants with their endophytes of NE India showing anticancer properties.
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Sun S, Zhao Y, Wang L, Tan Y, Shi Y, Sedjoah RCAA, Shao Y, Li L, Wang M, Wan J, Fan X, Guo R, Xin Z. Ultrasound-assisted extraction of bound phenolic compounds from the residue of Apocynum venetum tea and their antioxidant activities. FOOD BIOSCI 2022; 47:101646. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Kalimuthu AK, Panneerselvam T, Pavadai P, Pandian SRK, Sundar K, Murugesan S, Ammunje DN, Kumar S, Arunachalam S, Kunjiappan S. Pharmacoinformatics-based investigation of bioactive compounds of Rasam (South Indian recipe) against human cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21488. [PMID: 34728718 PMCID: PMC8563928 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01008-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Spice-rich recipes are referred to as "functional foods" because they include a variety of bioactive chemicals that have health-promoting properties, in addition to their nutritional value. Using pharmacoinformatics-based analysis, we explored the relevance of bioactive chemicals found in Rasam (a South Indian cuisine) against oxidative stress-induced human malignancies. The Rasam is composed of twelve main ingredients, each of which contains a variety of bioactive chemicals. Sixty-six bioactive compounds were found from these ingredients, and their structures were downloaded from Pubchem. To find the right target via graph theoretical analysis (mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 (MAPK6)) and decipher their signaling route, a network was built. Sixty-six bioactive compounds were used for in silico molecular docking study against MAPK6 and compared with known MAPK6 inhibitor drug (PD-173955). The top four compounds were chosen for further study based on their docking scores and binding energies. In silico analysis predicted ADMET and physicochemical properties of the selected compounds and were used to assess their drug-likeness. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation modelling methodology was also used to analyse the effectiveness and safety profile of selected bioactive chemicals based on the docking score, as well as to assess the stability of the MAPK6-ligand complex. Surprisingly, the discovered docking scores against MAPK6 revealed that the selected bioactive chemicals exhibit varying binding ability ranges between - 3.5 and - 10.6 kcal mol-1. MD simulation validated the stability of four chemicals at the MAPK6 binding pockets, including Assafoetidinol A (ASA), Naringin (NAR), Rutin (RUT), and Tomatine (TOM). According to the results obtained, fifty of the sixty-six compounds showed higher binding energy (- 6.1 to - 10.6 kcal mol-1), and four of these compounds may be used as lead compounds to protect cells against oxidative stress-induced human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Kumar Kalimuthu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, Tamil Nadu, 626126, India
| | - Theivendren Panneerselvam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Swamy Vivekanandha College of Pharmacy, Elayampalayam, Tiruchengodu, Tamil Nadu, 637205, India
| | - Parasuraman Pavadai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, M S R Nagar, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560054, India
| | - Sureshbabu Ram Kumar Pandian
- Department of Biotechnology, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, Tamil Nadu, 626126, India
| | - Krishnan Sundar
- Department of Biotechnology, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, Tamil Nadu, 626126, India
| | - Sankaranarayanan Murugesan
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani, Rajasthan, 333031, India
| | - Damodar Nayak Ammunje
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, M S R Nagar, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560054, India
| | - Sattanathan Kumar
- Deparment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Paavai College of Pharmacy and Research, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, 637018, India
| | - Sankarganesh Arunachalam
- Department of Biotechnology, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, Tamil Nadu, 626126, India.
| | - Selvaraj Kunjiappan
- Department of Biotechnology, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, Tamil Nadu, 626126, India.
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Carob Pulp: A Nutritional and Functional By-Product Worldwide Spread in the Formulation of Different Food Products and Beverages. A Review. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9071146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) pod is a characteristic fruit from the Mediterranean regions. It is composed by seeds, the valuable part due to the extraction of locust bean gum, and the pulp, considered a by-product of the fruit processing industry. Carob pulp is a mixture of macro- and micronutrients, such as carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals, and secondary metabolites with functional properties. In the last few years, numerous studies on the chemical and biological characteristics of the pulp have been performed to encourage its commercial use. Its potential applications as a nutraceutical ingredient in many recipes for food and beverage elaborations have been extensively evaluated. Another aspect highlighted in this work is the use of alternative processes or conditions to mitigate furanic production, recognized for its toxicity. Furthermore, carob pulp’s similar sensorial, chemical and biological properties to cocoa, the absence of the stimulating alkaloids theobromine and caffeine, as well as its low-fat content, make it a healthier potential substitute for cocoa. This paper reviews the nutritional and functional values of carob pulp-based products in order to provide information on the proclaimed health-promoting properties of this interesting by-product.
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Estimation of drug-likeness properties of GC-MS separated bioactive compounds in rare medicinal Pleione maculata using molecular docking technique and SwissADME in silico tools. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 10:14. [PMID: 33643765 PMCID: PMC7903411 DOI: 10.1007/s13721-020-00276-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The main aim of the paper was to determine bioactive compounds in Pleione maculata extracts using gas chromatographic technique and to investigate their drug-likeness potential using molecular docking algorithm and ADME studies on the recent intractable disease, for example, SARS-CoV-2. Pleione maculata sample was prepared for GC–MS analysis. The peak components were identified based on the NIST Library. Molecular docking was performed using PatchDock, and energy refinement was carried out using the FireDock algorithm followed by drug-likeness analysis using the SwissADME tool. The mass spectrum revealed various pharmacologically important compounds and novel compounds 8-oxatetracyclo{5.2.1.1(2,6). 1(4,10)}dodecane, 7-tert-butyl-1,9,9-trimeth, docosane, 2,4-dimethyl, kryptogenin 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine, and N-decyl-alpha,D-2-deoxyglycoside which are reported for the first time. Molecular docking using PatchDock illustrates GC–MS compounds Nor-diazepam,3-{N-hydroxymethyl}aminocarbonyloxy a good docking and high binding affinity with atomic contact energy -10.95 kcal/mol against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein S2 subunit. ADME analysis predicts Nor-diazepam,3-{N-hydroxymethyl}aminocarbonyloxy and andrographolide showed very high drug-likeness parameters with no metabolism disturbances. The random control antiviral drug arabidiol revealed a lower binding affinity and lower solubility compared to bioactive compounds of P. maculata. The study depicts the first and novel report on various pharmaceutical important GC–MS bioactive compounds and molecular docking study on Pleione maculata having potential against various intractable diseases.
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Hayashi D, Wang L, Ueda S, Yamanoue M, Ashida H, Shirai Y. The mechanisms of ameliorating effect of a green tea polyphenol on diabetic nephropathy based on diacylglycerol kinase α. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11790. [PMID: 32678222 PMCID: PMC7366667 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68716-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant efforts have been made to ameliorate diabetic nephropathy (DN) by inhibiting protein kinase C. However, these efforts have not been successful in human trials, suggesting that novel therapeutic strategies are required. Thus far, it has been reported that green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg) improved albuminuria in DN in a human trial. Our previous study revealed that activation of diacylglycerol kinase α (DGKα) plays a crucial role in the amelioration of DN and that EGCg activates DGKα. Here, we investigated whether and how DGKα contributes to the amelioration of DN upon stimulation by EGCg by using streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic model mice. Our results revealed that EGCg ameliorated albuminuria in DN through DGKα in vivo, and methylated EGCg, which has higher absorption in the plasma improved albuminuria in DN effectively. Additionally, we showed that c-Src mediated EGCg-induced DGKα translocation and colocalized with the 67 kDa laminin receptor, which is an EGCg receptor. Furthermore, EGCg attenuated the loss of podocytes in DN by preventing a decrease in focal adhesion under high glucose conditions. Our results indicate that the DGKα pathway is an attractive therapeutic target and that activating this pathway is a novel strategy for treating DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Hayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokkodai-Cho 1-1, Nada-Ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Liuqing Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokkodai-Cho 1-1, Nada-Ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Shuji Ueda
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokkodai-Cho 1-1, Nada-Ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Minoru Yamanoue
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokkodai-Cho 1-1, Nada-Ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ashida
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokkodai-Cho 1-1, Nada-Ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Shirai
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokkodai-Cho 1-1, Nada-Ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan.
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Huang X, Wang L, Chen J, Jiang C, Wu S, Wang H. Effective removal of heavy metals with amino-functionalized silica gel in tea polyphenol extracts. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-020-00460-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Abstract
Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) is a green technology that has been successfully used to intensify a number of process. The cavitation phenomenon is responsible for many effects, including improvements in mass transfer rates and effective cell-wall rupture, leading to matrix disintegration. HC is a promising strategy for extraction processes and provides the fast and efficient recovery of valuable compounds from plants and biomass with high quality. It is a simple method with high energy efficiency that shows great potential for large-scale operations. This review presents a general discussion of the mechanisms of HC, its advantages, different reactor configurations, its applications in the extraction of bioactive compounds from plants, lipids from algal biomass and delignification of lignocellulosic biomass, and a case study in which the HC extraction of basil leftovers is compared with that of other extraction methods.
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Farkash Y, Feldman M, Ginsburg I, Steinberg D, Shalish M. Polyphenols Inhibit Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans Biofilm Formation. Dent J (Basel) 2019; 7:dj7020042. [PMID: 30978919 PMCID: PMC6630196 DOI: 10.3390/dj7020042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Candida albicans (C. albicans) are two major contributors to dental caries. They have a symbiotic relationship, allowing them to create an enhanced biofilm. Our goal was to examine whether two natural polyphenols (Padma hepaten (PH) and a polyphenol extraction from green tea (PPFGT)) could inhibit the caries-inducing properties of S. mutans and C. albicans. Methods: Co-species biofilms of S. mutans and C. albicans were grown in the presence of PH and PPFGT. Biofilm formation was tested spectrophotometrically. Exopolysaccharides (EPS) secretion was quantified using confocal scanning laser microscopy. Biofilm development was also tested on orthodontic surfaces (Essix) to assess biofilm inhibition ability on such an orthodontic appliance. Results: PPFGT and PH dose-dependently inhibited biofilm formation without affecting the planktonic growth. We found a significant reduction in biofilm total biomass using 0.625 mg/mL PPFGT and 0.16 mg/mL PH. A concentration of 0.31 mg/mL PPFGT and 0.16 mg/mL PH inhibited the total cell growth by 54% and EPS secretion by 81%. A reduction in biofilm formation and EPS secretion was also observed on orthodontic PVC surfaces. Conclusions:
The polyphenolic extractions PPFGT and PH have an inhibitory effect on S. mutans and C. albicans biofilm formation and EPS secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosi Farkash
- Biofilm Research Laboratory, Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Hebrew University-Hadassah, P.O. Box 12065, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah, P.O. Box 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
| | - Mark Feldman
- Biofilm Research Laboratory, Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Hebrew University-Hadassah, P.O. Box 12065, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
| | - Isaac Ginsburg
- Microbiology Research Laboratory, Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Hebrew University-Hadassah, P.O. Box 12065, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
| | - Doron Steinberg
- Biofilm Research Laboratory, Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Hebrew University-Hadassah, P.O. Box 12065, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
| | - Miriam Shalish
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah, P.O. Box 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
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El-Habeeb AA, Refat MS. Three New Complexes of Theophylline Drug with Sc(III), Nb(V), and W(VI) Ions: Spectroscopic, Thermal Stability, and Antimicrobial Studies. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363218100237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Green Tea Polyphenols and Padma Hepaten Inhibit Candida albicans Biofilm Formation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:1690747. [PMID: 30363861 PMCID: PMC6186370 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1690747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Candida albicans (C. albicans) is the most prevalent opportunistic human pathogenic fungus and can cause mucosal membrane infections and invade the blood. In the oral cavity, it can ferment dietary sugars, produce organic acids and therefore has a role in caries development. In this study, we examined whether the polyphenol rich extractions Polyphenon from green tea (PPFGT) and Padma Hepaten (PH) can inhibit the caries-inducing properties of C. albicans. Biofilms of C. albicans were grown in the presence of PPFGT and PH. Formation of biofilms was tested spectrophotometrically after crystal violet staining. Exopolysaccharides (EPS) secretion was quantified using confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM). Treated C. albicans morphology was demonstrated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Expression of virulence-related genes was tested using qRT-PCR. Development of biofilm was also tested on an orthodontic surface (Essix) to assess biofilm inhibition ability on such appliances. Both PPFGT and PH dose-dependently inhibited biofilm formation, with no inhibition on planktonic growth. The strongest inhibition was obtained using the combination of the substances. Crystal violet staining showed a significant reduction of 45% in biofilm formation using a concentration of 2.5mg/ml PPFGT and 0.16mg/ml PH. A concentration of 1.25 mg/ml PPFGT and 0.16 mg/ml PH inhibited candidal growth by 88% and EPS secretion by 74% according to CSLM. A reduction in biofilm formation and in the transition from yeast to hyphal morphotype was observed using SEM. A strong reduction was found in the expression of hwp1, eap1, and als3 virulence associated genes. These results demonstrate the inhibitory effect of natural PPFGT polyphenolic extraction on C. albicans biofilm formation and EPS secretion, alone and together with PH. In an era of increased drug resistance, the use of phytomedicine to constrain biofilm development, without killing host cells, may pave the way to a novel therapeutic concept, especially in children as orthodontic patients.
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Wang J, Tang H, Hou B, Zhang P, Wang Q, Zhang BL, Huang YW, Wang Y, Xiang ZM, Zi CT, Wang XJ, Sheng J. Synthesis, antioxidant activity, and density functional theory study of catechin derivatives. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra11496f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Catechin derivatives were synthesized, and their structures were characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and mass spectrometry.
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Dieng H, Zawawi RBM, Yusof NISBM, Ahmad AH, Abang F, Ghani IA, Satho T, Ahmad H, Zuharah WF, Majid AHA, Latip NSA, Nolasco-Hipolito C, Noweg GT. Green tea and its waste attract workers of formicine ants and kill their workers—implications for pest management. INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS 2016; 89:157-166. [DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Juang YM, Chien HJ, Chen CJ, Lai CC. Graphene flakes enhance the detection of TiO2-enriched catechins by SALDI-MS after microwave-assisted enrichment. Talanta 2016; 153:347-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Evidence for Grape, Wine and Tea Polyphenols as Modulators of Atherosclerosis and Ischemic Heart Disease in Humans. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1300/j133v03n03_04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Linear and branched alkyl-esters and amides of gallic acid and other (mono-, di- and tri-) hydroxy benzoyl derivatives as promising anti-HCV inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 92:656-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Danesi F, Pasini F, Caboni MF, D'Antuono LF, Bordoni A. Traditional foods for health: screening of the antioxidant capacity and phenolic content of selected Black Sea area local foods. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2013; 93:3595-3603. [PMID: 23929456 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nutritional characteristics of the Black Sea area (BSA) traditional foods are almost unknown, and they could be interesting sources of antioxidant compounds. In this study, carried out within the BaSeFood project, the in vitro total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and phenolic content of 39 BSA traditional foods were determined using different assays. RESULTS An ample range of TAC and phenolics content was detected in the examined foods that were ranked according to their scavenging activity expressed per weight unit and per serving size. Based on serving size, the highest TAC was in the order blueberries > nettle soup > sunflower seeds, and the fruits/fruit-based foods group was the one having the highest activity. Correlation analysis evidenced that the TAC is highly dependent on total phenolic content, while hydroxycinnamic acids and compounds having o-diphenolic structure did not show specific prominent effects. Finally, correlations between the two methods used for measuring the TAC suggest that they are both suitable in a wide range of foods. CONCLUSION Our data represent the first contribution to further research on the health effects of BSA traditional foods. This could enhance the interest of consumers, with potential benefits to stakeholders at all levels of the production chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Danesi
- Department of Agri-Food Sciences and Technologies, University of Bologna, 47521, Cesena, (FC), Italy
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Kanda H, Li P, Makino H. Production of decaffeinated green tea leaves using liquefied dimethyl ether. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2013.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Gadagi JS, Chava VK, Reddy VR. Green tea extract as a local drug therapy on periodontitis patients with diabetes mellitus: A randomized case-control study. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2013; 17:198-203. [PMID: 23869126 PMCID: PMC3713751 DOI: 10.4103/0972-124x.113069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The green tea extract is a naturally occurring product having beneficial effects that counteract with the pathobiological features of periodontitis and diabetes mellitus. Hence, the present study was aimed at incorporation of green tea extract into hydroxylpropyl methylcellulose and investigates its efficacy in chronic periodontitis patients associated with and without diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: For the in vitro study, formulation of green tea strips and placebo strips, and analysis of drug release pattern from the green tea strips at different time intervals were performed. For the in vivo study, 50 patients (20-65 years), including 25 systemically healthy patients with chronic periodontitis (group 1) and 25 diabetic patients with chronic periodontitis (group 2) were enrolled. In each patient, test and control sites were identified for the placement of green tea and placebo strips, respectively. Gingival Index (GI), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD), and Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) were examined at baseline, first, second, third, and fourth weeks. Microbiological analysis for Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was performed at baseline and fourth week. Results: The in vitro study showed 10.67% green tea release at 30 min; thereafter, a slow release was noted till 120 min. In vivo study: Both groups showed significant reduction in GI scores at the test sites. Group 1 showed significant (P < 0.001) PPD reduction at different time intervals at the test sites. However, group 2 showed significant reduction from baseline (5.30 ± 0.70) to fourth week (3.5 ± 0.97). Statistically significant gain in CAL at the test sites was observed both in group 1 (1.33 mm) and group 2 (1.43 mm). The prevalence of P. gingivalis in group 1 test sites was significantly reduced from baseline (75%) to fourth week (25%). Conclusions: Local drug delivery using green tea extract could be used as an adjunct in the treatment of chronic periodontitis in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayaprakash S Gadagi
- Department of Periodontics, Vishnu Dental College, Kovvada, Vishnupuram, Bhimavaram, West Godavari, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Protective Effects of Rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) and/or Red Palm Oil (Elaeis guineensis) Supplementation on tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide-Induced Oxidative Hepatotoxicity in Wistar Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:984273. [PMID: 23690869 PMCID: PMC3652203 DOI: 10.1155/2013/984273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The possible protective effects of an aqueous rooibos extract (Aspalathus linearis), red palm oil (RPO) (Elaeis guineensis), or their combination on tert-butyl-hydroperoxide-(t-BHP-)induced oxidative hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats were investigated. tert-butyl hydroperoxide caused a significant (P < 0.05) elevation in conjugated dienes (CD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, significantly (P < 0.05) decreased reduced glutathione (GSH) and GSH : GSSG ratio, and induced varying changes in activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase in the blood and liver. This apparent oxidative injury was associated with histopathological changes in liver architecture and elevated levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Supplementation with rooibos, RPO, or their combination significantly (P < 0.05) decreased CD and MDA levels in the liver and reduced serum level of ALT, AST, and LDH. Likewise, changes observed in the activities of antioxidant enzymes and impairment in redox status in the erythrocytes and liver were reversed. The observed protective effects when rooibos and RPO were supplemented concomitantly were neither additive nor synergistic. Our results suggested that rooibos and RPO, either supplemented alone or combined, are capable of alleviating t-BHP-induced oxidative hepatotoxicity, and the mechanism of this protection may involve inhibition of lipid peroxidation and modulation of antioxidants enzymes and glutathione status.
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Quiñones M, Miguel M, Aleixandre A. Beneficial effects of polyphenols on cardiovascular disease. Pharmacol Res 2012; 68:125-31. [PMID: 23174266 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2012.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Revised: 10/15/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, numerous studies have demonstrated the health benefits of polyphenols, and special attention has been paid to their beneficial effects against cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of death in the world today. Polyphenols present vasodilator effects and are able to improve lipid profiles and attenuate the oxidation of low density lipoproteins. In addition, they present clear anti-inflammatory effects and can modulate apoptotic processes in the vascular endothelium. It has been suggested that most of these effects are a consequence of the antioxidant properties of polyphenols, but this idea is not completely accepted, and many other mechanisms have been proposed recently to explain the health effects of these compounds. In fact, different signaling pathways have been linked to polyphenols. This review brings together some recent studies which establish the beneficial properties of polyphenols for cardiovascular disease and analyzes the mechanisms involved in these properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Quiñones
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Won CS, Oberlies NH, Paine MF. Mechanisms underlying food-drug interactions: inhibition of intestinal metabolism and transport. Pharmacol Ther 2012; 136:186-201. [PMID: 22884524 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2012.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Food-drug interaction studies are critical to evaluate appropriate dosing, timing, and formulation of new drug candidates. These interactions often reflect prandial-associated changes in the extent and/or rate of systemic drug exposure. Physiologic and physicochemical mechanisms underlying food effects on drug disposition are well-characterized. However, biochemical mechanisms involving drug metabolizing enzymes and transport proteins remain underexplored. Several plant-derived beverages have been shown to modulate enzymes and transporters in the intestine, leading to altered pharmacokinetic (PK) and potentially negative pharmacodynamic (PD) outcomes. Commonly consumed fruit juices, teas, and alcoholic drinks contain phytochemicals that inhibit intestinal cytochrome P450 and phase II conjugation enzymes, as well as uptake and efflux transport proteins. Whereas myriad phytochemicals have been shown to inhibit these processes in vitro, translation to the clinic has been deemed insignificant or undetermined. An overlooked prerequisite for elucidating food effects on drug PK is thorough knowledge of causative bioactive ingredients. Substantial variability in bioactive ingredient composition and activity of a given dietary substance poses a challenge in conducting robust food-drug interaction studies. This confounding factor can be addressed by identifying and characterizing specific components, which could be used as marker compounds to improve clinical trial design and quantitatively predict food effects. Interpretation and integration of data from in vitro, in vivo, and in silico studies require collaborative expertise from multiple disciplines, from botany to clinical pharmacology (i.e., plant to patient). Development of more systematic methods and guidelines is needed to address the general lack of information on examining drug-dietary substance interactions prospectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina S Won
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7569, USA
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Synthesis of phosphates and phosphates–acetates hybrids of green tea polyphenol (−)-epigallocatechine-3-gallate (EGCG) and its G ring deoxy analogs as potential anticancer prodrugs. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Hwang JY, Choi SC, Park JH, Kang SW. The Use of Green Tea Extract as a Storage Medium for the Avulsed Tooth. J Endod 2011; 37:962-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2011.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Revised: 03/22/2011] [Accepted: 03/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Dong JJ, Ye JH, Lu JL, Zheng XQ, Liang YR. Isolation of antioxidant catechins from green tea and its decaffeination. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2010.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lin SF, Lin YH, Lin M, Kao YF, Wang RW, Teng LW, Chuang SH, Chang JM, Yuan TT, Fu KC, Huang KP, Lee YS, Chiang CC, Yang SC, Lai CL, Liao CB, Chen P, Lin YS, Lai KT, Huang HJ, Yang JY, Liu CW, Wei WY, Chen CK, Hiipakka RA, Liao S, Huang JJ. Synthesis and structure–activity relationship of 3-O-acylated (–)-epigallocatechins as 5α-reductase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:6068-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2010] [Revised: 10/11/2010] [Accepted: 10/11/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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27
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Chen P, Du QZ. Isolation and Purification of a Novel Long-chain Acyl Catechin from Lipophilic Tea Polyphenols. CHINESE J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.20030210752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Liu F, Dai R, Zhu J, Li X. Optimizing color and lipid stability of beef patties with a mixture design incorporating with tea catechins, carnosine, and α-tocopherol. J FOOD ENG 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2009.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and analgesic potential of the Citrus decumana L. peel extract. Inflammopharmacology 2009; 17:267-74. [DOI: 10.1007/s10787-009-0015-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2009] [Accepted: 08/28/2009] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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31
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Tedeschi C, Clement V, Rouvet M, Valles-Pamies B. Dissolution tests as a tool for predicting bioaccessibility of nutrients during digestion. Food Hydrocoll 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2008.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Philips BJ, Coyle CH, Morrisroe SN, Chancellor MB, Yoshimura N. Induction of apoptosis in human bladder cancer cells by green tea catechins. Biomed Res 2009; 30:207-15. [DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.30.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kim HS, Kim HS, Choi H. Pre- and post-initiation modulating effects of green tea ingestion on rat hepatocarcinogenesis. Nutr Res Pract 2008; 2:234-9. [PMID: 20016724 PMCID: PMC2788192 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2008.2.4.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2008] [Revised: 11/27/2008] [Accepted: 12/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of green tea ingestion on hepatocarcinogenesis before and after its initiation. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed an AIN76A diet with or without green tea. Initiation was induced by a single dose (200 mg/kg) of diethylnitrosamine at week 4 and 0.02% (w/w) 2-acetylaminofluorene was supplied in the diets. The control group had free access to water for 13 weeks (CTR13). Tea infusion was provided from the beginning of the experiment for 13 weeks (PRE13) or from the post-initiation stage until week 13 (POST13). Three other groups (CTR24, PRE24 and POST24) were added to examine the longer-term effects (24 weeks) with the same experimental design. The percentage area of liver sections that were positive for hepatic placental glutathione S-transferase (GST-P), which was used as a marker of preneoplastic lesions, was smaller in PRE13 (20.2 +/- 5.0%, mean +/- SD) and POST13 (26.0 +/- 4.8%) than in CTR13 (33.2 +/- 5.8%, p<0.05). Over the longer period, the GST-P lesions were significantly smaller for both PRE24 and POST24 (21.6 +/- 8.5% and 22.2 +/- 4.0%, respectively) than for CTR24 (28.6 +/- 5.1%, p<0.05), but there was no significant difference between PRE24 and POST24. The liver content of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances was significantly lower in the tea groups than in the controls (p<0.05). However, no significant differences were observed among groups of GST activity. The results show that tea consumption exhibits a stronger short-term initiation-inhibiting ability in liver carcinogenesis, but over a longer period, the preventive effects of green tea ingestion do not differ in post- and pre-initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hee-Seon Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam 336-745, Korea
| | - Haymie Choi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Seoul National University, Gwanak 599 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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Lee HJ, Kim JS, Moon C, Kim JC, Lee YS, Jang JS, Jo SK, Kim SH. Modification of gamma-radiation response in mice by green tea polyphenols. Phytother Res 2008; 22:1380-3. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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35
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Kuo YC, Yu CL, Liu CY, Wang SF, Pan PC, Wu MT, Ho CK, Lo YS, Li Y, Christiani DC. A population-based, case-control study of green tea consumption and leukemia risk in southwestern Taiwan. Cancer Causes Control 2008; 20:57-65. [PMID: 18752033 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-008-9217-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2008] [Accepted: 08/05/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the association between green tea consumption and leukemia. METHODS A total of 252 cases (90.3% response) and 637 controls (53.4% response) were enrolled. Controls were matched for cases on age and gender. Information was collected on participants' living habits, including tea consumption. Green tea was used as a standard to estimate the total amount of individual catechin consumption. We stratified individual consumption of catechins into four levels. Conditional logistic regression models were fit to subjects aged 0-15 and 16-29 years to evaluate separate associations between leukemia and catechin consumption. RESULTS A significant inverse association between green tea consumption and leukemia risk was found in individuals aged 16-29 years, whereas no significant association was found in the younger age groups. For the older group with higher amounts of tea consumption (>550 units of catechins), the adjusted odds ratio (OR) compared with the group without tea consumption was 0.47 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.23-0.97]. After we adjusted for smoking status and medical irradiation exposure, the overall OR for all participants was 0.49 (95% CI = 0.27-0.91), indicating an inverse relation between large amounts of catechins and leukemia. CONCLUSION Drinking sufficient amounts of tea, especially green tea, which contains more catechins than oolong tea and black tea, may reduce the risk of leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yau-Chang Kuo
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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Coyle CH, Philips BJ, Morrisroe SN, Chancellor MB, Yoshimura N. Antioxidant effects of green tea and its polyphenols on bladder cells. Life Sci 2008; 83:12-8. [PMID: 18544457 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2008.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2008] [Revised: 03/14/2008] [Accepted: 04/11/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Genitourinary tract inflammation/ailments affect the quality of life and health of a large segment of society. In recent years, studies have demonstrated strong antioxidant effects of green tea and its associated polyphenols in inflammatory states. This in vitro study examined the antioxidant capabilities (and putative mechanisms of action) of green tea extract (GTE), polyphenon-60 (PP-60, 60% pure polyphenols), (-)-epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG) and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in normal/malignant human bladder cells following catechin treatment+/-1 mM H2O2 (oxidative agent). Cell viability, apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation were evaluated. Our results showed that H2O2 exposure significantly reduced normal (UROtsa) and high-grade (TCCSUP, T24) bladder cancer (BlCa) cell viability compared with control-treated cells (p<0.001). No affect on low-grade RT4 and SW780 BlCa cell viability was observed with exposure to H2O2. Compared to H2O2-treated UROtsa, treatment with PP-60, ECG and EGCG in the presence of H2O2 significantly improved UROtsa viability (p<0.01), with strongest effects evoked by ECG. Additionally, though not as effective as in UROtsa cells, viability of both high-grade TCCSUP and T24 BlCa cells, in comparison to H2O2-treated cells, was significantly improved (p<0.01) by treatment with PP-60, ECG, and EGCG in the presence of H2O2. Overall, our findings demonstrate that urothelium cell death via H2O2-induced oxidative stress is mediated, in part, through superoxide (O2-.;), and potentially, direct H2O2 mechanisms, suggesting that green tea polyphenols can protect against oxidative stress/damage and bladder cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian H Coyle
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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37
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Juráni M, Lamošová D, Máčajová M, Košťál Ľ, Joubert E, Greksák M. Effect of rooibos tea (Aspalathus linearis) on Japanese quail growth, egg production and plasma metabolites. Br Poult Sci 2008; 49:55-64. [DOI: 10.1080/00071660701816949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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38
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Janle EM, Morré DM, Morré DJ, Zhou Q, Zhu Y. Pharmacokinetics of green tea catechins in extract and sustained-release preparations. J Diet Suppl 2008; 5:248-63. [PMID: 19885387 PMCID: PMC2747776 DOI: 10.1080/19390210802414279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Catechins are a major constituent of green tea. For green tea to have cancer therapeutic benefit, catechin concentrations in the range of 100 nM are required continuously until apoptosis (programmed cell death) is induced. To prolong elevated plasma and interstitial concentrations of catechins, a sustained-release formulation of green tea extract was tested and compared to a commercial green tea extract (Tegreen97®). Sustained-release formulations are usually developed in the pharmaceutical industry to slowly deliver the compound over a period of time and increase the dosing interval. Plasma and interstitial fluid (ISF) pharmacokinetics of catechins were determined following an oral dose in the rat. The sustained-release formulation profile included multiple smaller peaks of total catechins in both plasma and ISF. Interstitial fluid profiles of green tea extract indicate that higher catechins concentration and longer duration in tissue than in blood may make a sustained-release form unnecessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa M Janle
- Botanical Center In Vivo Core, Purdue University, Department of Foods and Nutrition, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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Xu J, Tan T, Janson JC. One-step purification of epigallocatechin gallate from crude green tea extracts by mixed-mode adsorption chromatography on highly cross-linked agarose media. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1169:235-8. [PMID: 17897657 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.08.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2007] [Revised: 08/27/2007] [Accepted: 08/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
(-)-Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) was purified in one step from a green tea polyphenol (GTP) crude extract by adsorption chromatography on a Superose 12 HR 10/30 column. The mobile phase used was a mixture of acetonitrile and water with an optimum mobile phase compositions regarding purity, recovery and separation time of 78/22 (v/v). Maximum practical sample loading was 100 mg GTP per run (corresponding to 4.2 mg/ml Superose). An EGCG purity of 99% with recoveries in the range 60-65% was achieved in one step directly from the crude GTP extract. Full column regeneration was obtained using solvents in the following order: 0.5 M NaOH, distilled water and 30% acetic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xu
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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Osanai K, Huo C, Landis-Piwowar KR, Dou QP, Chan TH. Synthesis of (2R, 3R)-epigallocatechin-3-O-(4-hydroxybenzoate), a novel catechin from Cistus salvifolius, and evaluation of its proteasome inhibitory activities. Tetrahedron 2007; 63:7565-7570. [PMID: 21152270 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2007.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The total and semi syntheses of (2R, 3R)-epigallocatechin-3-O-(4-hydroxybenzoate), a novel catechin from Cistus salvifolius, was accomplished. The proteasome inhibition and cytotoxic activities of the synthetic compound and its acetyl derivative were studied and compared with (2R, 3R)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the active component from green tea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumi Osanai
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and the Open Laboratory for Chiral Technology, the Institute of Molecular Technology for Drug Discovery and Synthesis, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Long H, Zhu Y, Huang T, Coury LA, Kissinger PT. IDENTIFICATION AND DETERMINATION OF POLYPHENOLS IN TEA BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH MULTI-CHANNEL ELECTROCHEMICAL DETECTION. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2006. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-100103434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Long
- a Bioanalytical Systems, Inc. , 2701 Kent Avenue, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, U.S.A
| | - Yongxin Zhu
- a Bioanalytical Systems, Inc. , 2701 Kent Avenue, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, U.S.A
| | - Tiehua Huang
- a Bioanalytical Systems, Inc. , 2701 Kent Avenue, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, U.S.A
| | - L. A. Coury
- a Bioanalytical Systems, Inc. , 2701 Kent Avenue, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, U.S.A
| | - Peter T. Kissinger
- b Bioanalytical Systems, Inc. , 2701 Kent Avenue, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, U.S.A
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Wan SB, Ping Dou Q, Chan TH. Regiospecific and enantioselective synthesis of methylated metabolites of tea catechins. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Shpigun LK, Arharova MA, Brainina KZ, Ivanova AV. Flow injection potentiometric determination of total antioxidant activity of plant extracts. Anal Chim Acta 2006; 573-574:419-26. [PMID: 17723555 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2006.03.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2005] [Revised: 03/27/2006] [Accepted: 03/27/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A new flow injection potentiometric (FIP) method, rapid, reproducible and simple to apply, has been developed for the in vitro evaluation of antioxidative capacity of aqueous plant extracts. This method is based on the transient negative signal measurements with a flow-type platinum electrode detector due to the composition change of a [Fe(CN)6]3-/[Fe(CN)6]4- redox-reagent solution. The variables affecting the signal height such as composition and concentration of redox-reagent, injected sample volume, flow rates of carrier and redox-reagent solution streams were studied in details and the conditions were optimized. For the compounds under study, a linear relationship was stated between the potentiometric signal height and the logarithm of antioxidant concentration. It was stated that a wide antioxidant activity range from 1 microM to 10 mM could be determined by the changing concentrations of the hexacyanoferrate(III) from 5 to 0.01 x 10(-4). The present FIP method was applied to quantify relative antioxidant activity (RAA index) of the representative water-soluble antioxidants (ascorbic acid, pyrocatechol, pyrogallol, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, tannic acid, uric acid, L-cysteine, trolox). The high sampling rate (100 h(-1)) and a satisfactory reproducibility (R.S.D.=0.7-1.8%, n=5, 0.1 mM each compound) were obtained. The method was also applied to estimate total antioxidant activity (TAA) of real samples (green and black tea infusions, herbal infusions and fresh fruit extracts) and the results were compared with those achieved using well-known in vitro testing methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliya K Shpigun
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry RAS, Leninsky pr., 31, Moscow 119991, Russia.
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45
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Deyhim F, Stoecker BJ, Brusewitz GH, Devareddy L, Arjmandi BH. Dried plum reverses bone loss in an osteopenic rat model of osteoporosis. Menopause 2005; 12:755-62. [PMID: 16278620 DOI: 10.1097/01.gme.0000185486.55758.5b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We previously reported the efficacy of dried plum (Prunus domestica L.) in preventing ovariectomy-induced bone loss in a rat model of osteoporosis and improving bone biomarkers in postmenopausal women. The present study evaluated whether dried plum was able to restore bone mass in osteopenic ovariectomized rats. DESIGN Ninety-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats were either sham-operated (Sham; one group) or ovariectomized (Ovx; five groups) and were fed a standard diet for 40 days to establish bone loss and subsequently experimental treatments were initiated. Sham, Ovx control, and Ovx + 17beta-estradiol (E2; 10 microg/kg body weight per day) animals continued to receive the standard diet, whereas the remaining three Ovx groups received the following dietary treatments: Ovx + 5% dried plum (low dose), Ovx + 15% dried plum (medium dose), and Ovx + 25% dried plum (high dose). After 60 days, blood and bone specimens were collected for analyses. RESULTS Dried plum, as low as 5%, was effective in restoring femoral and tibial bone density. Dried plum increased lumbar bone density as well, with HD achieving a statistical significance. The increase in femoral bone density of dried plum-fed rats resulted in improved bone quality as indicated by 6.9% and 6.0% improvement in overall yield and ultimate force, respectively. Varying doses of dried plum were also able to significantly improve trabecular microarchitectural properties in comparison with ovariectomized controls. CONCLUSIONS The improvement in biomechanical properties of long bones due to dried plum, in part, may be due to the favorable microstructural changes as evident by enhanced tibial bone volume and connectivity. Loss of bone volume accompanied by loss of trabecular connectivity is generally believed to be an irreversible process, but our observations suggest that dried plum improves trabecular microstructure of tibia after losses have already occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Deyhim
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, 301 Human Environmental Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, 74078-6141, USA
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Banerjee S, Manna S, Saha P, Panda CK, Das S. Black tea polyphenols suppress cell proliferation and induce apoptosis during benzo(a)pyrene-induced lung carcinogenesis. Eur J Cancer Prev 2005; 14:215-21. [PMID: 15901989 DOI: 10.1097/00008469-200506000-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
One of the most promising strategies for cancer prevention is chemoprevention by daily used food and beverages. Black tea, the most widely consumed beverage, is a source of compounds with antioxidative, antimicrobial, antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic properties. Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer deaths in both men and women worldwide. Over one million people around the world are likely to be killed by lung cancer due to increased tobacco smoking and environmental pollutants, especially car exhausts. Therefore chemopreventive intervention using black tea and its active components may be a viable means to reduce lung cancer death. In the present investigation, we used benzo(a)pyrene (BP) to induce lung carcinogenesis in mice for the assessment of potential apoptosis-inducing and proliferation-suppressing effects of theaflavins and epigallocatechin gallate, active components of black tea. Hyperplasia, dysplasia and carcinoma in situ evident in the carcinogen control group on the 8th, 17th and 26th weeks respectively, were effectively reduced after treatment with theaflavins and epigallocatechin gallate. Significant reduction in number of proliferating cells and increased number of apoptotic cells was also found on the 8th, 17th and 26th week of treatment with theaflavins and epigallocatechin gallate in BP-exposed mice. Our observation suggests a promising role for black tea polyphenols in the prevention of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Banerjee
- Department of Cancer Chemoprevention, Chittarajan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, West Bengal, India
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Cooper R, Morré DJ, Morré DM. Medicinal Benefits of Green Tea: Part II. Review of Anticancer Properties. J Altern Complement Med 2005; 11:639-52. [PMID: 16131288 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2005.11.639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently there is wide interest in the medicinal benefits of green tea (Camellia sinensis). Tea is one of the most widely consumed beverages in the world, and extracts of tea leaves are also sold as dietary supplements. Green tea extracts contain a unique set of catechins that possess biologic activity in antioxidant, antiangiogenesis, and antiproliferative assays that are potentially relevant to the prevention and treatment of various forms of cancer. With the increasing interest in the health properties of tea and a significant rise in their scientific investigation, it is the aim of this review to summarize recent findings on the anticancer and medicinal properties of green tea, focusing on the biologic properties of the major tea catechin, (-)-epigallocatechin and its antitumor properties.
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Mitsumoto M, O’Grady MN, Kerry JP, Joe Buckley D. Addition of tea catechins and vitamin C on sensory evaluation, colour and lipid stability during chilled storage in cooked or raw beef and chicken patties. Meat Sci 2005; 69:773-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2004.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2004] [Revised: 11/11/2004] [Accepted: 11/11/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Wan SB, Landis-Piwowar KR, Kuhn DJ, Chen D, Dou QP, Chan TH. Structure–activity study of epi-gallocatechin gallate (EGCG) analogs as proteasome inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 13:2177-85. [PMID: 15727870 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2004.12.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2004] [Revised: 12/28/2004] [Accepted: 12/28/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The structure-activity relationship of a number of synthetic green tea polyphenol analogs involving modifications of A ring and B ring of epi-gallocatechin gallate (EGCG) as proteasome inhibitors has been examined. It was found that in B ring, a decrease in the number of OH groups led to decreased potency. Introduction of a hydrophobic benzyl group into the 8 position of A ring did not significantly affect the proteasome-inhibitory potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Biao Wan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and the Open Laboratory of Chirotechnology, Institute of Molecular Technology for Drug Discovery and Synthesis, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, SAR, China
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Łuczaj W, Waszkiewicz E, Skrzydlewska E, Roszkowska-Jakimiec W. Green tea protection against age-dependent ethanol-induced oxidative stress. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2004; 67:595-606. [PMID: 15129554 DOI: 10.1080/15287390490425579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Ethanol intoxication leads to oxidative stress, which may be additionally enhanced by aging. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of green tea as a source of water-soluble antioxidants on the ability to prevent oxidative stress in aged rats sub-chronically intoxicated with ethanol. Two-, 12-, and 24-mo-old male Wistar rats were divided into 4 experimental groups: (1) control, (2) green tea, (3) ethanol, and (4) ethanol and green tea. Ethanol intoxication produced age-dependent decrease in the activity of serum superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and reductase and in levels of glutathione (GSH), vitamins C, E, and A, and beta-carotene. Changes in the serum antioxidative ability were accompanied by enhanced oxidative modification of lipid (increase in lipid hydroperoxides, malondiadehyde, and 4-hydroxynonenal levels) and protein (rise in carbonyl group levels). Green tea partially protected against changes in antioxidant enzymatic as well as nonenzymatic parameters produced by ethanol and enhanced by aging. Administration of green tea significantly protects cellular components such as lipids and proteins against oxidative modification. Results indicate that green tea effectively protects blood serum against oxidative stress produced by ethanol as well as aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Łuczaj
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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