1
|
Norrito RL, Puleo MG, Pintus C, Basso MG, Rizzo G, Di Chiara T, Di Raimondo D, Parrinello G, Tuttolomondo A. Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration Associated with Breast Cancer: A Case Report and a Narrative Review. Brain Sci 2024; 14:176. [PMID: 38391750 PMCID: PMC10887192 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14020176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNSs) are an uncommon complication of cancer, affecting nearby 1/10,000 subjects with a tumour. PNSs can involve all the central and peripheral nervous systems, the muscular system, and the neuromuscular junction, causing extremely variable symptomatology. The diagnosis of the paraneoplastic disease usually precedes the clinical manifestations of cancer, making an immediate recognition of the pathology crucial to obtain a better prognosis. PNSs are autoimmune diseases caused by the expression of common antigens by the tumour and the nervous system. Specific antibodies can help clinicians diagnose them, but unfortunately, they are not always detectable. Immunosuppressive therapy and the treatment of cancer are the cornerstones of therapy for PNSs. This paper reports a case of PNSs associated with breast tumours and focuses on the most common paraneoplastic neurological syndromes. We report a case of a young female with a clinical syndrome of the occurrence of rigidity in the right lower limb with postural instability with walking supported and diplopia, with a final diagnosis of paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration and seronegative rigid human syndrome associated with infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Luca Norrito
- U.O.C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Puleo
- U.O.C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Chiara Pintus
- U.O.C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Basso
- U.O.C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuliana Rizzo
- U.O.C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Tiziana Di Chiara
- U.O.C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Domenico Di Raimondo
- U.O.C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Gaspare Parrinello
- U.O.C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonino Tuttolomondo
- U.O.C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Alghamdi S. Oral Facial Manifestations of Sanjad-Sakati Syndrome: A Literature Review. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9040448. [PMID: 35455492 PMCID: PMC9028158 DOI: 10.3390/children9040448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Aim: To perform a comprehensive review of orofacial manifestations of Sanjad–Sakati syndrome (SSS). Methods: A comprehensive electronic literature search was performed using PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane library databases. The search keywords included were “Sanjad–Sakati syndrome (SSS)”, “dental manifestations”, “dental management”, “oral health”, “dental care for patients with SSS”, “dental health of people with SSS”, “caries”, and “oral hygiene”. The inclusion criteria were papers published only in English, papers published by August 2021, and papers discussing orofacial manifestations of SSS and language. Results: The search of the databases retrieved eleven case reports and three case series studies. Overall, 56 cases (11 case reports and 3 case series studies) were reported on Sanjad–Sakati syndrome in the published literature. The majority of the reports are from the Middle Eastern region. Conclusions: The reported orofacial manifestations of SSS include beaked nose, depressed nasal bridge, enamel hypoplasia, hypodontia, low-set ears, posteriorly rotated ears, deep-set eyes, microcephaly, microdontia, micrognathia, prominent forehead, retrognathia, and thin lips. The review paper also establishes the importance of the dental under general anesthesia in SSS individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Alghamdi
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pibulniyom M, Pungchanchaikul P, Assawakawintip T, Peanchitlertkajorn S. Oral findings and craniofacial morphology in a patient with Schwartz-Jampel syndrome and severe obstructive sleep apnea: A case report. Clin Case Rep 2020; 8:2550-2553. [PMID: 33363777 PMCID: PMC7752380 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.3193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
We reported dental and craniofacial characteristics of an SJS patient with severe OSA. Not only does the syndrome cause skeletal abnormalities and myotonia, but it also affects the craniofacial development resulting in a severe constriction of maxillary arch and bimaxillary retrognathia which may increase a risk to develop pediatric OSA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mevadee Pibulniyom
- Srinakharinwirot University Panyananthaphikkhu Chonprathan Medical CenterNonthaburiThailand
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Penmetsa C, Penmetcha S, Cheruku SR, Mallineni SK, Patil AK, Namineni S. Role of Dental Discomfort Questionnaire-Based Approach in Recognition of Symptomatic Expressions Due to Dental Pain in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders. Contemp Clin Dent 2019; 10:446-451. [PMID: 32308318 PMCID: PMC7150562 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_728_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study is to investigate whether the Dental Discomfort Questionnaire (DDQ) could help to identify toothaches in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). MATERIALS AND METHODS This study involved sixty children between the age groups of 6-16 years, attending the day-care schools diagnosed with ASD. Five different groups of children were identified based on the presence of a toothache and/or carious teeth. The DDQ-8 was completed by parents and evaluated by a single examiner. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (SPSS version 17), and a correlation was observed between the total DDQ score and the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (dmft-DMFT) score. RESULTS Analysis of the data showed that DDQ-8 had a significant correlation with that of DMFT score in a group "with carious teeth but no toothache" (r = 0.497, P = 0.019) and group "with carious teeth and a toothache" (r = 0.682 P = 0.043). A group "without carious teeth where the parents were not sure whether or not the child had a toothache" had higher mean compared to other groups with DDQ-8 scores. CONCLUSION There was a significant difference in the total mean DDQ scores when they were compared with that of the control group. Children with high DDQ-8 often had a high DMFT/dmft score. A significant correlation was found when the total DDQ-8 scores were compared with that of the DMFT score.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chandana Penmetsa
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sarada Penmetcha
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sampath Reddy Cheruku
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sreekanth Kumar Mallineni
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Majmaah University, Al-Zulfi, KSA
| | - Anil Kumar Patil
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Srinivas Namineni
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
The orthodontic diagnosis and comprehensive management of a 12.5-year-old Saudi girl, diagnosed with Schwartz-Jampel Syndrome (SJS) is presented. SJS is a rare autosomal recessive disorder that affects musculoskeletal structures of the body with clinical manifestations in the maxillofacial region. While few reports in the literature have discussed the dental aspects of the syndrome, this paper attempts to describe the full course of a two-phase comprehensive orthodontic treatment, and discuss its findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naif A Bindayel
- Naif A. Bindayel, Associate Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Mandibular prognathism is defined as an abnormal forward projection of the mandible beyond the standard relation to the cranial base and it is usually categorized as both a skeletal Class III pattern and Angle Class III malocclusion. The etiology of mandibular prognathism is still uncertain, with various genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors possibly involved. However, many reports on its coexistence in both twins and segregation in families suggest the importance of genetic influences. A multifactorial and polygenic background with a threshold for expression or an autosomal dominant mode with incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity are the most probable inheritance patterns. Linkage analyses have, thus far, shown the statistical significance of such loci as 1p22.1, 1p22.3, 1p32.2, 1p36, 3q26.2, 4p16.1, 6q25, 11q22, 12pter-p12.3, 12q13.13, 12q23, 12q24.11, 14q24.3 to 31.2, and 19p13.2. The following appear among candidate genes: MATN1, EPB41, growth hormone receptor, COL2A1, COL1A1, MYO1H, DUSP6, ARHGAP21, ADAMTS1, FGF23, FGFR2, TBX5, ALPL, HSPG2, EVC, EVC2, the HoxC gene cluster, insulin-like growth factor 1, PLXNA2, SSX2IP, TGFB3, LTBP2, MMP13/CLG3, KRT7, and FBN3. On the other hand, MYH1, MYH2, MYH3, MYH7, MYH8, FOXO3, NFATC1, PTGS2, KAT6B, HDAC4, and RUNX2 expression is suspected to be involved in the epigenetic regulations behind the mandibular prognathism phenotype.
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Isaacs syndrome is a peripheral nerve hyperexcitability (PNH) syndrome that presents as continuous motor activity. Clinical findings include cramps, fasciculations, and myokymia. Electrodiagnosis plays a key role in diagnosis by demonstrating after-discharges on nerve conduction studies, and fasciculation potentials, myokymic discharges, neuromyotonic discharges, and other types of abnormal spontaneous activity on needle examination. Etiopathogenesis involves the interaction of genetic, autoimmune, and paraneoplastic factors, which requires a broad-ranging evaluation for underlying causes. Initial treatment is symptomatic, but immune therapy is often needed and can be effective. The purpose of this review is to describe the syndrome and its pathogenesis, assist the reader in evaluating patients with suspected Isaacs syndrome and distinguishing it from other disorders of PNH, and suggest an approach to management, including both symptomatic and immunomodulating therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aiesha Ahmed
- Department of Neurology, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, EC 037, 30 Hope Drive, Hershey, Pennsylvania, 17033, USA
| | - Zachary Simmons
- Department of Neurology, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, EC 037, 30 Hope Drive, Hershey, Pennsylvania, 17033, USA.,Department of Humanities, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennyslvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|