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Tonks ID, Mukhopadhyay P, Schroder WA, Sorolla A, Mould AW, Handoko HY, Ferguson B, Muller HK, Keith P, Hayward NK, Walker GJ, Kay GF. Melanocyte transformation requires complete loss of all pocket protein function via a mechanism that mitigates the need for MAPK pathway activation. Oncogene 2017; 36:3789-3795. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Fu M, Landreville S, Agapova OA, Wiley LA, Shoykhet M, Harbour JW, Heuckeroth RO. Retinoblastoma protein prevents enteric nervous system defects and intestinal pseudo-obstruction. J Clin Invest 2013; 123:5152-64. [PMID: 24177421 PMCID: PMC3859411 DOI: 10.1172/jci67653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The retinoblastoma 1 (RB1) tumor suppressor is a critical regulator of cell cycle progression and development. To investigate the role of RB1 in neural crest-derived melanocytes, we bred mice with a floxed Rb1 allele with mice expressing Cre from the tyrosinase (Tyr) promoter. TyrCre+;Rb1fl/fl mice exhibited no melanocyte defects but died unexpectedly early with intestinal obstruction, striking defects in the enteric nervous system (ENS), and abnormal intestinal motility. Cre-induced DNA recombination occurred in all enteric glia and most small bowel myenteric neurons, yet phenotypic effects of Rb1 loss were cell-type specific. Enteric glia were twice as abundant in mutant mice compared with those in control animals, while myenteric neuron number was normal. Most myenteric neurons also appeared normal in size, but NO-producing myenteric neurons developed very large nuclei as a result of DNA replication without cell division (i.e., endoreplication). Parallel studies in vitro found that exogenous NO and Rb1 shRNA increased ENS precursor DNA replication and nuclear size. The large, irregularly shaped nuclei in NO-producing neurons were remarkably similar to those in progeria, an early-onset aging disorder that has been linked to RB1 dysfunction. These findings reveal a role for RB1 in the ENS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Fu
- Department of Pediatrics and
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
Department of Developmental, Regenerative and Stem Cell Biology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Solange Landreville
- Department of Pediatrics and
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
Department of Developmental, Regenerative and Stem Cell Biology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Olga A. Agapova
- Department of Pediatrics and
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
Department of Developmental, Regenerative and Stem Cell Biology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Luke A. Wiley
- Department of Pediatrics and
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
Department of Developmental, Regenerative and Stem Cell Biology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Michael Shoykhet
- Department of Pediatrics and
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
Department of Developmental, Regenerative and Stem Cell Biology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - J. William Harbour
- Department of Pediatrics and
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
Department of Developmental, Regenerative and Stem Cell Biology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Robert O. Heuckeroth
- Department of Pediatrics and
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
Department of Developmental, Regenerative and Stem Cell Biology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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