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Sanchez-Quiros J, Giralt L, Fonollosa A, Robles I, Carreño E. Diagnostic and Management Strategies of Tubulointerstitial Nephritis and Uveitis Syndrome (TINU): Current Perspectives. Clin Ophthalmol 2023; 17:2625-2630. [PMID: 37701464 PMCID: PMC10494573 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s404644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis (TINU) syndrome is a rare autoimmune disease with unclear pathogenesis but probably related to a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental triggers. Diagnosis is challenging due to the asynchronous onset of renal and ocular symptoms, and it is necessary to exclude other causes of nephritis and uveitis. It affects both sexes, with an overall predominance of females and a median age of onset of 15 years. TINU syndrome is characterized by bilateral, non-granulomatous anterior uveitis and tubulointerstitial nephritis, which can cause acute renal failure in severe cases. Several triggers have been identified including concurrent infections, medications, or endocrine diseases. The diagnosis of TINU is mainly based on clinical and analytical findings, and although urinary β2-microglobulin is a useful parameter no specific diagnostic test is available. Current perspectives intend to facilitate its diagnosis identifying susceptibility HLA genotypes, serologic markers and imaging tools to avoid renal biopsy. Treatment options for TINU syndrome include corticosteroids, immunosuppressive agents, and intravenous immunoglobulins, but relapses are frequent, and management can be challenging. The purpose of this review is to provide an updated summary of the diagnostic and treatment strategies of TINU syndrome, helping clinicians recognize and manage this rare autoimmune disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lena Giralt
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona (ICOF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandro Fonollosa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo, Spain
- Department of Retina, Instituto Oftalmológico Bilbao, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Ignacio Robles
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rey Juan Carlos University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ester Carreño
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rey Juan Carlos University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
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Regusci A, Lava SAG, Milani GP, Bianchetti MG, Simonetti GD, Vanoni F. Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome: a systematic review. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2022; 37:876-886. [PMID: 33561271 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfab030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis (TINU) syndrome is defined as the occurrence of tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) and uveitis in the absence of other systemic diseases. The most comprehensive review on this condition was published in 2001. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of the literature for cases of TINU syndrome. MEDLINE and Embase databases were screened. Full-length articles or letters reporting cases with both TIN and uveitis were selected. We investigated differences between males and females and paediatric and adult cases. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify potential risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD) development. RESULTS A total of 233 articles reporting 592 TINU cases were retained for the analysis. The median age of the included subjects was 17 years (interquartile range 13-46) with a female predominance (65%). Uveitis most frequently (52%) followed renal disease and was mostly anterior (65%) and bilateral (88%). Children tended to have more ocular relapses, while they were slightly less likely than adults to suffer from acute kidney injury and to develop CKD. Adult age as well as posterior or panuveitis were associated with an increased risk of developing CKD. CONCLUSIONS TINU affects both children and adults, with some differences between these two categories. Adult age and the presence of a posterior uveitis or panuveitis appear to be associated with the development of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Regusci
- Pediatric Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Sebastiano A G Lava
- Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gregorio P Milani
- Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario G Bianchetti
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, University of Southern Switzerland, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Giacomo D Simonetti
- Pediatric Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, University of Southern Switzerland, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Federica Vanoni
- Pediatric Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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Tubulointerstitial Nephritis and Uveitis Syndrome: Case Series and Literature Review. Case Rep Ophthalmol Med 2021; 2021:1812271. [PMID: 34123446 PMCID: PMC8189795 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1812271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome (TINU) is a rare oculorenal inflammatory entity with a probable autoimmune etiology. Interstitial nephritis may be asymptomatic and usually has a benign course with spontaneous resolution. Uveitis, instead, is classically anterior, bilateral, and nongranulomatous, but it can be unilateral and presents as posterior uveitis or panuveitis, sometimes with a chronic or recurrent evolution. The frequent time lag of ocular and renal manifestations makes this diagnosis particularly challenging. The authors describe four cases of this rare entity, two with tubulointerstitial nephritis preceding ocular manifestations and the remaining, instead, with uveitis preceding renal involvement. The therapeutic approach included systemic corticosteroids in all cases. The addition of immunosuppressive therapy was required in three patients to achieve uveitis control. TINU is probably an underrecognized entity and should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of a chronic or recurrent idiopathic uveitis, especially in young patients who may have mild and asymptomatic renal disease.
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Güngör T, Çakıcı EK, Yazılıtaş F, Eroğlu FK, Özdel S, Kurt-Sukur ED, Çelikkaya E, Karakaya D, Bağlan E, Bülbül M. Clinical characteristics of childhood acute tubulointerstitial nephritis. Pediatr Int 2021; 63:693-698. [PMID: 33020995 DOI: 10.1111/ped.14495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (ATIN) is a rare cause of acute kidney injury in children that can lead to chronic kidney disease. The aim of this study was to describe the presenting features, etiology, and clinical characteristics of childhood ATIN, and to evaluate treatment modalities and renal outcomes. METHODS The study included 38 patients who had been diagnosed with ATIN, were younger than 18 years old, and were admitted for at least 6 months of follow up. RESULTS The median age at diagnosis was 13.1 years (range 1.2-16.6 years). The female / male ratio was 1.37. The most common symptoms were abdominal pain (65.7%) and nausea / vomiting (55.2%). Twenty-three of the patients had a history of drug intake (60.5%), and the most active drugs in the etiology were non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (56.5%). Eleven patients were given steroid therapy due to severe kidney involvement and rapid increases in serum creatinine values, and ten of those patients were drug-related ATIN cases. Other patients were given symptomatic treatment. Four patients needed several sessions of dialysis due to the severity of their acute renal failure. The follow-up creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate levels were not statistically different between the symptomatic and corticosteroid treated groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Although our study was unable to show the beneficial effect of corticosteroid therapy on the extent of renal recovery, the use of steroids may be preferable in severe nephritis because of the rapid recovery of estimated glomerular filtration rate with corticosteroid therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tülin Güngör
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Child Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Evrim Kargın Çakıcı
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Child Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatma Yazılıtaş
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Child Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fehime Kara Eroğlu
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Child Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Semanur Özdel
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Child Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Eda Didem Kurt-Sukur
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Child Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Evra Çelikkaya
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Child Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Deniz Karakaya
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Child Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esra Bağlan
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Child Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Bülbül
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Child Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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A rare case of tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis (TINU) syndrome: Answers. Pediatr Nephrol 2020; 35:2269-2274. [PMID: 32440946 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-020-04590-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Moreton RBR, Fleck BW, Davidson J, Hughes D. Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis (TINU) syndrome and recent Streptococcus infection in a 9-year-old girl. BMJ Case Rep 2020; 13:13/2/e232077. [DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2019-232077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A 9-year-old girl presented to hospital with a 6-week history of non-specific constitutional symptoms and weight loss. She initially underwent extensive medical investigation without diagnosis being achieved. Although raised inflammatory markers and impaired renal function were noted during her initial admission to hospital, it was her subsequent presentation 2 weeks later with sudden-onset bilateral anterior uveitis that prompted a renal biopsy that indicated acute tubulointerstitial nephritis. A diagnosis of tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis (TINU) syndrome was made and systemic glucocorticoid treatment initiated to prevent visual loss and preserve renal function. She has subsequently been reviewed in multidisciplinary outpatient clinics and treated with a tapering regimen of immunosuppressive therapy. Her treatment has been complicated by the side effects of glucocorticoids and by persistent relapses in ocular disease and abnormalities on urinalysis. Recent clinical investigations indicate that her uveitis is controlled and that renal function remains well preserved.
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Amaro D, Carreño E, Steeples LR, Oliveira-Ramos F, Marques-Neves C, Leal I. Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis (TINU) syndrome: a review. Br J Ophthalmol 2019; 104:742-747. [DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2019-314926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation of renal interstitium and uveal tissue establishes the two components of tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis (TINU) syndrome. Although believed to occur more frequently in young females, a broad spectrum of patients can be affected. Both renal and eye disease can be asymptomatic and may not manifest simultaneously, having independent progressions. Renal disease manifests as acute kidney injury and may cause permanent renal impairment. Eye inflammation can manifest in different anatomical forms, most commonly as bilateral anterior uveitis and may progress to a chronic course. TINU syndrome accounts for approximately 1%–2% of uveitis in tertiary referral centres. A literature review covering the clinical features, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment is presented.
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Pereira C, Gil J, Leal I, Costa-Reis P, Silva JEED, Stone R. Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome in children: report of three cases. J Bras Nefrol 2018; 40:296-300. [PMID: 29944160 PMCID: PMC6533956 DOI: 10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-2018-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome is a rare and probably
underdiagnosed condition. Renal and ocular manifestations may not occur
simultaneously, making the diagnosis more difficult. Nephritis may be
asymptomatic; therefore, renal function evaluation is essential for diagnosis.
Urinary β2-microglobulin levels may be particularly useful. Uveitis, mostly
anterior, nongranulomatous and bilateral, occurs usually after the onset of
nephritis. Treatment includes corticosteroids and, eventually, other
immunosuppressant agents. Renal disease is usually benign and resolves
spontaneously or after treatment with systemic corticosteroids. Uveitis,
however, may be chronic or recurrent. The authors described the cases of three
pediatric patients diagnosed with tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis
syndrome. The goal of this paper was to warn the medical community over the need
to screen patients with uveitis for renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Pereira
- Serviço de Pediatria Médica, Departamento de Pediatria, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Académico de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joana Gil
- Serviço de Pediatria Médica, Departamento de Pediatria, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Académico de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Inês Leal
- Serviço de Oftalmologia, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Académico de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Centro de Estudos das Ciências da Visão, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Costa-Reis
- Unidade de Nefrologia e Transplantação Renal, Serviço de Pediatria Médica, Departamento de Pediatria, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Académico de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - José Eduardo Esteves Da Silva
- Unidade de Nefrologia e Transplantação Renal, Serviço de Pediatria Médica, Departamento de Pediatria, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Académico de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rosário Stone
- Unidade de Nefrologia e Transplantação Renal, Serviço de Pediatria Médica, Departamento de Pediatria, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Académico de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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9
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Pereira C, Costa-Reis P, Esteves da Silva J, Stone R. A child with tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis (TINU) syndrome. BMJ Case Rep 2018; 2018:bcr-2017-222766. [DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2017-222766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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10
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Rueda-Rueda T, Sánchez-Vicente JL, Moruno-Rodríguez A, Castilla-Martino M, López-Herrero F, Contreras-Díaz M, Molina-Socola F, Sáez-Ortega L, Muñoz-Morales A. Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome (TINU). Treatment with immunosuppressive therapy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [PMID: 28648690 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
CASE REPORT Two cases of tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis are presented. Immunosuppressive therapy was required to control the uveitis. Contrary to that usually described, uveitis became chronic, which made immunosuppressive therapy necessary. Nephritis was successfully treated with steroids. DISCUSSION Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome is an under-diagnosed disorder and requires clinical suspicion due to there being no specific laboratory study available. Recurrences and relapses of ocular inflammation are common. Immunosuppressive therapy is not often needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Rueda-Rueda
- Departamento de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, España
| | - J L Sánchez-Vicente
- Departamento de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, España
| | - A Moruno-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, España.
| | - M Castilla-Martino
- Departamento de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, España
| | - F López-Herrero
- Departamento de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, España
| | - M Contreras-Díaz
- Departamento de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, España
| | - F Molina-Socola
- Departamento de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, España
| | - L Sáez-Ortega
- Departamento de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, España
| | - A Muñoz-Morales
- Departamento de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, España
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Joyce E, Glasner P, Ranganathan S, Swiatecka-Urban A. Tubulointerstitial nephritis: diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. Pediatr Nephrol 2017; 32:577-587. [PMID: 27155873 PMCID: PMC5099107 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-016-3394-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) is a frequent cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) that can lead to chronic kidney disease (CKD). TIN is associated with an immune-mediated infiltration of the kidney interstitium by inflammatory cells, which may progress to fibrosis. Patients often present with nonspecific symptoms, which can lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Etiology can be drug-induced, infectious, idiopathic, genetic, or related to a systemic inflammatory condition such as tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis (TINU) syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, or immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-associated immune complex multiorgan autoimmune disease (MAD). It is imperative to have a high clinical suspicion for TIN in order to remove potential offending agents and treat any associated systemic diseases. Treatment is ultimately dependent on underlying etiology. While there are no randomized controlled clinical trials to assess treatment choice and efficacy in TIN, corticosteroids have been a mainstay of therapy, and recent studies have suggested a possible role for mycophenolate mofetil. Urinary biomarkers such as alpha1- and beta2-microglobulin may help diagnose and monitor disease activity in TIN. Screening for TIN should be implemented in children with inflammatory bowel disease, uveitis, or IgG4-associated MAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Joyce
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA.
| | - Paulina Glasner
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Medical University of Gdansk and Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-299, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Sarangarajan Ranganathan
- Department of Pediatric Pathology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Agnieszka Swiatecka-Urban
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
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Purt B, Hiremath S, Smith S, Erzurum S, Sarac E. A Rare Case of Tubulointerstitial Nephritis and Uveitis Syndrome Treated with a Multi-Specialty Approach. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CASE REPORTS 2016; 17:869-873. [PMID: 27867184 PMCID: PMC5119685 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.900701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Patient: Female, 23 Final Diagnosis: Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome Symptoms: Abdominal pain • eye redness Medication: — Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Opthalmology
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Siri Hiremath
- Department of Internal Medicine and The Transitional Residency, St. Elizabeth Youngstown Hospital, Youngstown, OH, USA
| | | | - Sergul Erzurum
- Department of Surgery, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Erdal Sarac
- Department of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Nephrology Associates, Inc., Rootstown, OH, USA
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Al Qumaizi KI, Halim K, Brekeit KA. Dobrin syndrome: A case report and review of the literature. Indian J Nephrol 2016; 26:39-41. [PMID: 26937077 PMCID: PMC4753740 DOI: 10.4103/0971-4065.157009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Dobrin syndrome or tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome is a rare disease with excellent prognosis. We report a 60-year-old male of Indian origin who presented with acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) and unilateral anterior immune-mediated uveitis. The syndrome has been reported sporadically. This is only the third case from a patient of Indian origin. We highlight this case and evaluate the long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced AIN and uveitis as a potential causative factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- K I Al Qumaizi
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - K Halim
- Department of Immunology, College of Medicine, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - K A Brekeit
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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14
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Heymann HB, Colon D, Gill MK. Choroidal neovascularization secondary to tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome (TINU) in an adult patient. J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect 2015; 5:29. [PMID: 26446047 PMCID: PMC4596145 DOI: 10.1186/s12348-015-0059-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is a well-known risk factor for the development of choroidal neovascularization (CNV), yet not all causes of intraocular inflammation have been documented to cause CNV. Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome (TINU) is a rare cause of intraocular inflammation mostly in pediatric patients and only seldom has been associated with development of CNV. FINDINGS A 34-year-old pregnant female with a past history of bilateral ocular inflammation secondary to TINU presents 1 year after diagnosis with vision loss in the left eye. Clinical examination and investigations show the development of CNV in the left eye. The patient was treated with ranibizumab (Genentech, San Francisco, CA) intravitreal injections with improvement in symptoms and clinical findings. CONCLUSIONS We report the first case of CNV secondary to TINU in an adult patient. The CNV associated with TINU is responsive to intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Barron Heymann
- Department of Ophthalmology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 645 N. Michigan Ave, Suite 440, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Daniel Colon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 645 N. Michigan Ave, Suite 440, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Manjot K Gill
- Department of Ophthalmology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 645 N. Michigan Ave, Suite 440, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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15
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Aguilar MC, Lonngi M, de-la-Torre A. Tubulointerstitial Nephritis and Uveitis Syndrome: Case Report and Review of the Literature. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2015; 24:415-21. [PMID: 26400208 DOI: 10.3109/09273948.2015.1034374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To review the literature on tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis (TINU) syndrome, and to report a case of a patient with relapsing polychondritis (RP) and TINU syndrome. METHOD TINU syndrome is a rare oculorenal inflammatory disorder. It is more common in young women with autoimmune conditions, infections, systemic disease, and previous use of medications. We report the case of a 62-year-old woman with relapsing polychondritis and a 2-year history of acute, recurrent, asymmetric, bilateral, anterior, non-granulomatous uveitis accompanied by tubulointerstitial nephritis. RESULTS The patient was diagnosed with TINU syndrome associated with relapsing polychondritis. No cases of this association have been reported in the literature. The clinical features of TINU syndrome are discussed based on the published works. CONCLUSIONS TINU is an uncommon syndrome; only about 200 cases have been reported in the literature related to infections, systemic disease, and previous use of medications such as antibiotics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). We found that it can be associated with relapsing polychondritis; therefore, it is important to investigate symptoms of this disease since TINU syndrome can co-exist with it.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Camila Aguilar
- a Uveitis Service, Fundación Oftalmológica Nacional, Rosario University , Bogotá , Colombia and
| | - Marcela Lonngi
- a Uveitis Service, Fundación Oftalmológica Nacional, Rosario University , Bogotá , Colombia and
| | - Alejandra de-la-Torre
- a Uveitis Service, Fundación Oftalmológica Nacional, Rosario University , Bogotá , Colombia and.,b School of Medicine and Health Science, Study Group on Public Health, Immunology Service, Rosario University , Bogotá , Colombia
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16
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Li C, Su T, Chu R, Li X, Yang L. Tubulointerstitial nephritis with uveitis in Chinese adults. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2013; 9:21-8. [PMID: 24202135 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.02540313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis (TINU) syndrome is considered a rare cause of acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (ATIN) that is usually associated with renal recovery. This study sought to investigate the diagnosis, prognosis, and contributing factors of TINU syndrome using a large cohort of patients with prospective follow-up. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS This study included patients with TINU syndrome from a prospective cohort of patients with ATIN from 2007 to 2012. Clinical-pathologic data were collected at biopsy and autoantibodies against modified C-reactive protein (mCRP-Ab) were measured. Serum levels and renal tissue expression of Kreb von den Lunge-6 were also detected. Independent risk factors for poor renal outcome at 12 months and late-onset uveitis were analyzed. RESULTS Thirty-one patients (28%) with biopsy-proven ATIN were classified as having TINU syndrome. Of these patients, 18 (58%) developed late-onset uveitis and were misdiagnosed as having drug-induced ATIN at the time of biopsy. An abnormal level of mCRP-Ab was an independent risk factor for late-onset uveitis (odds ratio, 14.7; 95% confidence interval, 3.4 to 64.0). Patients with TINU syndrome and drug-induced ATIN had comparable levels of Kreb von den Lunge-6 in both serum and renal tissues. Ninety-two percent of patients developed stage 3-4 CKD and/or tubular dysfunction by 12 months postbiopsy. Age, serum creatine level, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and the presence of concomitant thyroid disease or leukocyturia were related to poor renal outcome. Relapse was seen in 36% (11 of 31) of patients and potentiated poor renal outcome. CONCLUSIONS The diagnosis of TINU syndrome can be missed in a large fraction of patients with ATIN because uveitis can present well after the onset of tubulointerstitial nephritis. Elevated mCRP-Ab levels may be useful in predicting late-onset uveitis TINU syndrome. Unfortunately, patients with TINU tended to have frequent relapses and most patients had incomplete renal recovery. Long-term follow-up is needed to prevent misdiagnosis and properly manage TINU syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Li
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China; Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Beijing, China
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Asproudis I, Zafeiropoulos P, Katsanos A, Skamantzoura E, Sionti I. Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome with concomitant Hashimoto's thyroiditis. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2013; 50 Online:e1-3. [PMID: 24601328 DOI: 10.3928/01913913-20130205-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The authors report the association of tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis (TINU) with Hashimoto's thyroiditis in a 16-year-old boy. Oral prednisolone was administered and the renal function normalized and has remained stable for 2 years. However, two recurrences of uveitis occurred in the 2-year follow-up period.
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Han JM, Lee YJ, Woo SJ. A case of tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome in an elderly patient. KOREAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2012; 26:398-401. [PMID: 23060730 PMCID: PMC3464327 DOI: 10.3341/kjo.2012.26.5.398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2010] [Accepted: 01/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis (TINU) syndrome is a rare disease entity usually occurring in children. In the present study a case of TINU syndrome in an elderly patient is described and relevant literature is reviewed. A 61-year-old man presented with bilateral flank pain, urinary frequency, and foamy urine. A kidney ultrasonography revealed an increase in kidney parenchyma echogenicity. Following a kidney biopsy, the patient was diagnosed with acute tubulointerstitial nephritis. An ophthalmology examination initially performed for floater symptoms, revealed anterior uveitis in both eyes. Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis and anterior uveitis in both eyes responded to treatment with oral prednisolone, furosemide, carvedilol, and a topical steroid. TINU syndrome can occur in the elderly and should be part of the differential diagnosis when seeing a patient who has uveitis in association with renal disease; any therapy should be managed by both an internist and an ophthalmologist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Mo Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
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Ulinski T, Sellier-Leclerc AL, Tudorache E, Bensman A, Aoun B. Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis. Pediatr Nephrol 2012; 27:1051-7. [PMID: 21638156 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-011-1915-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2011] [Revised: 04/29/2011] [Accepted: 05/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) is a frequent cause of acute renal failure, characterised by the presence of inflammatory cell infiltrate in the interstitium of the kidney. Immuno-allergic reaction to certain medications, mainly non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and antibiotics are by far the most important etiology for TIN today, but other situations such as infections, toxins, and vasculitis are known to induce TIN. Incidence of TIN is increasing, probably due to prescription habits and NSAID overuse, representing 3-7% of acute kidney injury in biopsies in children. Avoidance of the causal substance and rapid steroid therapy are hallmarks for patient care, but spontaneous initial recovery is very frequent and the general prognosis seems satisfactory. However, development of chronic TIN, without response to steroid or other immunosuppressive treatment, is possible. As the largest part of TIN is secondary to certain drugs, clear indications in particular for NSAID or antibiotics should be respected to reduce the number of TIN cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Ulinski
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Armand Trousseau Hospital (APHP), University Pierre & Marie Curie, Paris 6, 26, Avenue du Docteur Arnold Netter, 75012, Paris, France.
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Kittisupamongkol W. Antibodies in tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome. Acta Ophthalmol 2011; 89:e205; author reply e205-6. [PMID: 19925524 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2009.01781.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Thomassen VH, Ring T, Thaarup J, Baggesen K. Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis (TINU) Syndrome: a case report and review of the literature: author’s reply. Acta Ophthalmol 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2009.01859.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Korsten P, Sweiss NJ, Nagorsnik U, Niewold TB, Gröne HJ, Gross O, Müller GA. Drug-induced granulomatous interstitial nephritis in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis during therapy with adalimumab. Am J Kidney Dis 2010; 56:e17-21. [PMID: 20974510 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2010.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2010] [Accepted: 08/25/2010] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) inhibitors are used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, Crohn disease, ankylosing spondylitis, and juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Use of TNF inhibitors is associated with the induction of autoimmunity (systemic lupus erythematosus, vasculitis, psoriasis, and sarcoidosis/sarcoid-like granulomas). We report a case of interstitial granulomatous nephritis in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis after 18 months of treatment with adalimumab. Previously reported cases of sarcoid-like reactions secondary to the use of TNF-α inhibitors involved the liver, lung, lymph nodes, central nervous system, and skin. Granulomatous nephritis after adalimumab treatment has not been described. Close observation of patients undergoing treatment with TNF inhibitors for evolving signs and symptoms of autoimmunity is required. Organ involvement is unpredictable, which makes correct diagnosis and management extremely challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Korsten
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Medicine Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
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