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Rim PHH, de Vasconcellos JPC, de Melo MB, Medina FMC, Sacconi DPD, Lana TP, Hirata FE, Magna LA, Marques-de-Faria AP. Correlation between genetic and environmental risk factors for age-related macular degeneration in Brazilian patients. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268795. [PMID: 35657810 PMCID: PMC9165864 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze the correlations between age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and genetic and environmental risk factors for in a Brazilian population. DESIGN Cross-sectional study with a control group. METHODS We collected data on 236 participants 50 years of age or older (141 with AMD and 95 controls without the disease). Data was obtained using a questionnaire and included information on demographics, ocular and medical history, family history of AMD, lifestyle, and smoking and drinking habits. Genetic evaluations included direct sequencing for the LOC387715 (rs10490924) variant, as well as PCR and enzymatic digestion for the CFH Y402H (rs1061170) and HTRA1 (rs11200638) variants. We performed a risk assessment of environmental risk factors and genetic variants associated with AMD and determined correlations between AMD and the data collected using multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS Of the 141 AMD cases, 99 (70%) had advanced AMD in at least one eye (57% neovascular AMD and 13% geographic atrophy), and 42 (30%) had not-advanced AMD. Family history of AMD (OR: 6.58; 95% CI: 1.94-22.31), presence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) (OR: 2.39; 95% CI: 1.08-5.28), low physical activity level (OR: 1.39; 95% CI: 0.82-2.37), and high serum cholesterol (OR: 1.49; 95% CI: 0.84-2.65) were associated with an increased risk for AMD. There was a significant association between CVD and incidence of advanced AMD (OR: 2.29; 95% CI 0.81-6.44). The OR for the risk allele of the LOC387715 gene, the CFH gene and the HTRA1 gene were 2.21 (95% CI: 1.47-3.35), 2.27 (95% CI: 1.52-3.37), and 2.76 (95% CI: 1.89-4.03), respectively. In the stepwise multiple linear regression analyses, the HTRA1 and CFH risk alleles, family history of AMD, the LOC387715 risk allele, and CVD were associated with an increased risk of AMD for a total of 25.6% contribution to the AMD phenotype. CONCLUSIONS The analysis correlating environmental and genetic risk factors such as family history of AMD, and CVD and the variants of HTRA1, CFH, and LOC387715 genes showed an expressive contribution for the development of AMD among this admixed population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila H. H. Rim
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Paulo C. de Vasconcellos
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mônica B. de Melo
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flavio M. C. Medina
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniela P. D. Sacconi
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tamires P. Lana
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabio E. Hirata
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis A. Magna
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonia P. Marques-de-Faria
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Lunz Macedo AC, Santisteban Lores LE, Albuquerque JAT, Duarte NJC, Romano P, Ebner PAR, Rezende VM, Silva CA, Andrade LEC, Vasconcelos DM, Isaac L. A rare association between factor H deficiency and lupus: Case report and experimental treatment with curcumin. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:1039291. [PMID: 36405845 PMCID: PMC9673011 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.1039291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Factor H (FH) is one of the most important regulatory proteins of the alternative pathway of the complement system. FH deficiency is a rare condition that causes unregulated C3 consumption, leading to an increased susceptibility to infections and glomerulopathies. Our previous studies have demonstrated a FH deficient patient carrying a c.452G > A, p.R127H FH mutation which leads to a misfolded protein and its retention in the endoplasmic reticulum. In his cultured fibroblasts, FH-delayed secretion was partially rescued when treated with curcumin, and once secreted, exhibited normal regulatory function. Here, we report a childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) in this FH deficient patient and the results of experimental treatment with curcumin aiming to rescue FH secretion and regulatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Catarina Lunz Macedo
- Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Nilo José Coelho Duarte
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation - LIM 03- Central Laboratory Division, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paschoalina Romano
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation - LIM 03- Central Laboratory Division, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Persio Almeida Rezende Ebner
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation - LIM 03- Central Laboratory Division, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Marcondes Rezende
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation - LIM 03- Central Laboratory Division, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Clovis A Silva
- Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Dewton Moraes Vasconcelos
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Dermatology and Immunodeficiencies - LIM 56, Institto de Medicina Tropical, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lourdes Isaac
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Maugeri A, Barchitta M, Agodi A. The association between complement factor H rs1061170 polymorphism and age-related macular degeneration: a comprehensive meta-analysis stratified by stage of disease and ethnicity. Acta Ophthalmol 2019; 97:e8-e21. [PMID: 30280493 DOI: 10.1111/aos.13849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The strength of association between complement factor H (CFH) rs1061170 polymorphism and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) differs between AMD subtypes and ethnicities. The main aim was to provide a systematic review and an updated meta-analysis stratified by stage of disease and ethnicity. METHODS A literature search in the PubMed-Medline, EMBASE and Web of Science databases was conducted to identify epidemiological studies, published before September 2017, that included at least twp comparison groups (a control group with no signs of AMD and a case group of AMD patients). Genotype distribution, phenotype of the cases, ethnicity, mean age and gender ratio were collected. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95%CIs were estimated under the allelic, homozygous and heterozygous models. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses, by AMD subtype and ethnicity, were performed. RESULTS The meta-analysis included data of 27 418 AMD patients and 32 843 controls from 76 studies. In Caucasians, the rs1061170 showed a significant association with early AMD (OR: 1.44; 95%CI 1.27-1.63), dry AMD (OR: 2.90; 95%CI 1.89-4.47) and wet AMD (OR: 2.46; 95%CI 2.15-2.83), under an allelic model. In Asians, the rs1061170 showed a significant association with advanced AMD (OR: 2.09; 95%CI 1.67-2.60), especially wet AMD (OR: 2.24; 95%CI 1.81-2.77). CONCLUSION Our work provides a more comprehensive meta-analysis of studies investigating the effect of the CFH rs1061170 polymorphism on AMD risk. These findings not only improve the assessment of disease risk associated with the polymorphism, but also constitute a scientific background to be translated into clinical practice for AMD prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Maugeri
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “GF Ingrassia”; University of Catania; Catania Italy
| | - Martina Barchitta
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “GF Ingrassia”; University of Catania; Catania Italy
| | - Antonella Agodi
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “GF Ingrassia”; University of Catania; Catania Italy
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Lana TP, da Silva Costa SM, Ananina G, Hirata FE, Rim PHH, Medina FM, de Vasconcellos JPC, de Melo MB. Association of HTRA1 rs11200638 with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in Brazilian patients. Ophthalmic Genet 2018; 39:46-50. [PMID: 28846052 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2017.1354382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration is a multifactorial disease that can lead to vision impairment in older individuals. Although the etiology of age-related macular degeneration remains unknown, risk factors include age, ethnicity, smoking, hypertension, obesity, and genetic factors. Two main loci have been identified through genome-wide association studies, on chromosomes 1 and 10. Among the variants located at the 10q26 region, rs11200638, located at the HTRA1 gene promoter, has been associated with age-related macular degeneration in several populations and is considered the main polymorphism. We conducted a replication case-control study to analyze the frequency and participation of rs11200638 in the etiology of age-related macular degeneration in a sample of patients and controls from the State of São Paulo, Brazil, through polymerase chain reaction and enzymatic digestion. The frequency of the A allele was 57.60% in patients with age-related macular degeneration and 36.45% in controls (p value < 1e-07), representing a 2.369-fold higher risk factor for the disease. Both the AA and AG genotypes were observed more frequently in the age-related macular degeneration group compared to the control group (p = 1.21e-07 and 0.0357, respectively). No statistically significant results were observed after stratification in dry versus wet types or advanced versus non-advanced forms. To our knowledge, this is the first time the association between rs11200638 and overall age-related macular degeneration has been reported in South America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamires Prates Lana
- a Laboratory of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering - CBMEG , University of Campinas - UNICAMP , Campinas , SP , Brazil
| | - Sueli Matilde da Silva Costa
- a Laboratory of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering - CBMEG , University of Campinas - UNICAMP , Campinas , SP , Brazil
| | - Galina Ananina
- a Laboratory of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering - CBMEG , University of Campinas - UNICAMP , Campinas , SP , Brazil
| | - Fábio Endo Hirata
- b Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences , University of Campinas - UNICAMP , Campinas , SP , Brazil
| | - Priscila Hae Hyun Rim
- b Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences , University of Campinas - UNICAMP , Campinas , SP , Brazil
| | - Flávio MacCord Medina
- b Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences , University of Campinas - UNICAMP , Campinas , SP , Brazil
| | | | - Mônica Barbosa de Melo
- a Laboratory of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering - CBMEG , University of Campinas - UNICAMP , Campinas , SP , Brazil
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Dezidério Sacconi DP, Cabral de Vasconcellos JP, Endo Hirata F, MacCord Medina F, Rim PHH, Barbosa de Melo M. Evaluation of CFH Y402H polymorphism and CFHR3/CFHR1 deletion in age-related macular degeneration patients from Brazil. Ophthalmic Genet 2016; 37:459-461. [PMID: 26942649 DOI: 10.3109/13816810.2015.1120315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fábio Endo Hirata
- b Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences , University of Campinas , Campinas , SP , Brazil
| | - Flávio MacCord Medina
- b Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences , University of Campinas , Campinas , SP , Brazil
| | - Priscila Hae Hyun Rim
- b Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences , University of Campinas , Campinas , SP , Brazil
| | - Mônica Barbosa de Melo
- a Laboratory of Human Genetics , Center of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, University of Campinas , Campinas , SP , Brazil
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García M, Álvarez L, Nogacka AM, González-Iglesias H, Escribano J, Fernández-Vega B, Fernández-Vega Á, Fernández-Vega L, Coca-Prados M. CFH polymorphisms in a Northern Spanish population with neovascular and dry forms of age-related macular degeneration. Acta Ophthalmol 2015; 93:e658-66. [PMID: 26152901 DOI: 10.1111/aos.12790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To elucidate the potential role of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in complement factor H (CFH) gene in Northern Spanish patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS A case-control study of 130 unrelated native Northern Spanish diagnosed with AMD (46 dry, 35 neovascular and 49 mixed) and 96 healthy controls matched by age and ethnicity were enrolled. DNA was isolated from peripheral blood and genotyped for AMD-associated SNPs (rs3753394, rs529825, rs800292, rs3766404, rs203674, rs10671170, rs3753396 and rs1065489) using TaqMan probes and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). The association study was performed using the HaploView 4.0 software. RESULTS The allelic frequency analysis revealed that rs529825, rs800292, rs203674 and rs10671170 were significantly associated with an increased risk for AMD. The haplotypes CGG (rs3753394, rs529825 and rs800292) and GCAG (rs203674, rs1061170, rs3753396 and rs1065489) were significantly associated with AMD while the haplotypes CAA (rs3753394, rs529825 and rs800292) and TTAG (rs203674, rs1061170, rs3753396 and rs1065489) were found to be protective. Small differ-ences in allelic frequencies were found between dry and neovascular cases; however, these differences were not significant and did not distinguish one form the other. CONCLUSIONS This study found significant association of SNPs rs529825, rs800292, rs203674 and rs1061170 in the CFH gene with susceptibility to AMD. We identified haplotypes that confer protection or increased risk of AMD but not specific genetic variants in CFH capable to distinguish the different clinical forms of AMD in this cohort. Collectively, our results confirmed that CFH represents a strong genetic risk factor for this disease in the Northern Spanish population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat García
- Foundation of Ophthalmological Investigation; Fernández-Vega Ophthalmological Institute; Oviedo Spain
| | - Lydia Álvarez
- Foundation of Ophthalmological Investigation; Fernández-Vega Ophthalmological Institute; Oviedo Spain
| | - Alicja M. Nogacka
- Foundation of Ophthalmological Investigation; Fernández-Vega Ophthalmological Institute; Oviedo Spain
| | - Héctor González-Iglesias
- Foundation of Ophthalmological Investigation; Fernández-Vega Ophthalmological Institute; Oviedo Spain
| | - Julio Escribano
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics; Faculty of Medicine/Institute of Investigation in Neurological Disabilities (IDINE); University of Castilla-La Mancha; Albacete Spain
| | - Beatriz Fernández-Vega
- Foundation of Ophthalmological Investigation; Fernández-Vega Ophthalmological Institute; Oviedo Spain
| | - Álvaro Fernández-Vega
- Foundation of Ophthalmological Investigation; Fernández-Vega Ophthalmological Institute; Oviedo Spain
| | - Luis Fernández-Vega
- Foundation of Ophthalmological Investigation; Fernández-Vega Ophthalmological Institute; Oviedo Spain
| | - Miguel Coca-Prados
- Foundation of Ophthalmological Investigation; Fernández-Vega Ophthalmological Institute; Oviedo Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science; Yale University School of Medicine; New Haven CT USA
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Pereira FB, Veloso CE, Kokame GT, Nehemy MB. Characteristics of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Brazilian Patients. Ophthalmologica 2015; 234:233-42. [DOI: 10.1159/000439359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To report features of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in Brazilian patients. Procedures: Data were prospectively collected from patients diagnosed with neovascular AMD. Eyes were classified as having typical neovascular AMD, polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV), or retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP). Results: In total, 265 eyes of 207 patients of predominantly Caucasian ancestry were included; 166 (62.6%) eyes had typical neovascular AMD, 65 (24.5%) eyes had PCV, and 34 (12.8%) eyes had RAP. RAP demonstrated a higher percentage of bilateral cases (p = 0.015). The mean foveal subfield thickness was significantly lower in eyes with PCV (p < 0.001). Cases with typical neovascular AMD had a higher percentage of predominantly classic and minimally classic lesions on fluorescein angiography (FA; p = 0.005). Conclusions: In Brazilian patients, PCV and RAP represented 24.5 and 12.8% of neovascular AMD cases. Neovascular AMD subtypes differ in relation to clinical features, mean foveal subfield thickness and FA presentation.
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Identification of genome-wide SNP-SNP and SNP-clinical Boolean interactions in age-related macular degeneration. Methods Mol Biol 2015; 1253:217-55. [PMID: 25403535 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2155-3_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
We propose here a methodology to uncover modularities in the network of SNP-SNP interactions most associated with disease. We start by computing all possible Boolean binary SNP interactions across the whole genome. By constructing a weighted graph of the most relevant interactions and via a combinatorial optimization approach, we find the most highly interconnected SNPs. We show that the method can be easily extended to find SNP/environment interactions. Using a modestly sized GWAS dataset of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), we identify a group of only 19 SNPs, which include those in previously reported regions associated to AMD. We also uncover a larger set of loci pointing to a matrix of key processes and functions that are affected. The proposed integrative methodology extends and overlaps traditional statistical analysis in a natural way. Combinatorial optimization techniques allow us to find the kernel of the most central interactions, complementing current methods of GWAS analysis and also enhancing the search for gene-environment interaction.
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Abbas RO, Azzazy HME. Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in CFH, ARMS2 and HTRA1 genes with risk of age-related macular degeneration in Egyptian patients. Ophthalmic Genet 2013; 34:209-16. [PMID: 23362846 DOI: 10.3109/13816810.2012.762934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of blindness in the elderly worldwide. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been linked to the risk of developing AMD. We aimed to examine the association between AMD and SNPs on CFH, ARMS2 and HTRA1 in Egyptians, a previously unstudied population. MATERIALS AND METHODS Genomic DNA was extracted from 26 AMD patients and 20 controls. Genotyping was performed using PCR followed by allele-specific restriction digestion and direct sequencing. RESULTS CFH rs1061170 was significantly associated with AMD with the frequency of the risk C allele being 0.53 in patients and 0.17 in controls (p < 0.017). The odds ratio (OR) for the TC genotype was 5.5 (95% CI: 1.1-26.4) and for combined TC + CC genotypes was 8 (95% CI: 1.7-37.1). ARMS2 rs10490924 was also significantly associated with the risk allele T found at a frequency of 0.5 in AMD and 0.15 in controls (p < 0.017, χ(2) test). The OR for the TG genotype was 4.667 (95% CI: 1.2-18.4) and for combined TG + TT genotypes was 7 (95% CI: 1.8-26.5). HTRA1 rs11200638 also was significantly associated, with the risk allele A found at a frequency of 0.44 in patients and 0.17 in controls (p < 0.017, χ(2) test). OR for GA genotype was 5 (95% CI: 1.2-20.9) and for the combined GA + AA genotypes was 6 (95% CI: 1.4-24.7). CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrates significant association between AMD and rs1061170 on CFH, rs10490924 on ARMS2 and rs11200638 on HTRA1 in Egyptian patients. These findings are in agreement with previous findings in Caucasians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radwa O Abbas
- Department of Chemistry, The American University in Cairo , New Cairo , Egypt and
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Almeida LN, Melilo-Carolino R, Veloso CE, Pereira PA, Bastos-Rodrigues L, Sarubi H, Miranda DM, Soubrane G, De Marco L, Nehemy MB. Association Analysis of CFH and ARMS2 Gene Polymorphisms in a Brazilian Cohort with Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Ophthalmic Res 2013; 50:117-22. [DOI: 10.1159/000350549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Silva AS, Valencia MMC, Cianciarullo AM, Vasconcellos SA, Barbosa AS, Isaac L. Interaction of human complement factor H variants Tyr⁴⁰² and His⁴⁰² with Leptospira spp. Front Immunol 2011; 2:44. [PMID: 22566834 PMCID: PMC3342064 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2011.00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2011] [Accepted: 08/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptospirosis is a zoonosis caused by pathogenic bacteria from the genus Leptospira. The disease represents a serious public health problem in underdeveloped tropical countries. Leptospires infect hosts through small abrasions in the skin or mucous membranes and they rapidly disseminate to target organs. The capacity of some pathogenic leptospiral strains to acquire the negative complement regulators factor H (FH) and C4b binding protein correlates with their ability to survive in human serum. In this study we assessed the functional consequences of the age macular degeneration-associated polymorphism FH His402 or FH Tyr402 on FH–Leptospira interactions. In binding assays using sub-saturating amounts of FH, the FH Tyr402 variant interacted with all the strains tested more strongly than the FH His402 variant. At higher concentrations, differences tended to disappear. We then compared cofactor activities displayed by FH His402 and FH Tyr402 bound to the surface of L. interrogans. Both variants exhibit similar activity as cofactors for Factor I-mediated cleavage of C3b, thus indicating that they do not differ in their capacity to regulate the complement cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldacilene Souza Silva
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
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