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Xu N, Xie Q, Chen Y, Li J, Zhang X, Zheng H, Cheng Y, Wu M, Shen A, Wei L, Yao M, Yang Y, Sferra TJ, Jafri A, Fang Y, Peng J. Gastrodin Alleviates Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension and Myocardial Apoptosis via Inhibition of the PRDX2/p53 Pathway In Vivo and In Vitro. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:1200. [PMID: 39338362 PMCID: PMC11434704 DOI: 10.3390/ph17091200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Revised: 09/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastrodin, a highly potent compound found in the traditional Chinese medicine Gastrodia elata Blume, exhibits significant antihypertensive properties. However, its role and the mechanism behind its protective effects on hypertensive cardiac conditions are not well understood. This study aims to investigate the cardiac protective effects and underlying mechanisms of gastrodin in angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced hypertensive models, both in vivo and in vitro. Treatment with gastrodin significantly decreased blood pressure and the heart weight/tibial length (HW/TL) ratio and attenuated cardiac dysfunction and pathological damage in Ang II-infused C57BL/6 mice. RNA sequencing analysis (RNA-seq) revealed 697 up-regulated and 714 down-regulated transcripts, along with 1105 signaling pathways, in Ang II-infused C57BL/6 mice following gastrodin treatment, compared to Ang II-induced hypertensive mice. Furthermore, the analyses of the top 30 Gene Ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway indicated significant enrichment in apoptosis and the peroxiredoxin 2 (PRDX2)/p53 pathway. Consistently, gastrodin treatment significantly reduced myocardial apoptosis in both the cardiac tissues of Ang II-induced hypertensive mice and Ang II-stimulated H9c2 cells. Additionally, gastrodin treatment significantly decreased the protein levels of PRDX2, p53, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9, and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in the cardiac tissues of Ang II-infused mice and H9c2 cells stimulated with Ang II. In conclusion, gastrodin treatment can mitigate hypertension-induced myocardial apoptosis in hypertensive mice by inhibiting the PRDX2/p53 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanhui Xu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China; (N.X.); (Q.X.); (X.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.C.); (M.W.); (A.S.); (L.W.); (M.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Qiurong Xie
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China; (N.X.); (Q.X.); (X.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.C.); (M.W.); (A.S.); (L.W.); (M.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Innovation and Transformation Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Youqin Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (Y.C.); (T.J.S.); (A.J.)
| | - Jiapeng Li
- Department of Physical Education, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China;
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China; (N.X.); (Q.X.); (X.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.C.); (M.W.); (A.S.); (L.W.); (M.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Huifang Zheng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China; (N.X.); (Q.X.); (X.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.C.); (M.W.); (A.S.); (L.W.); (M.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China; (N.X.); (Q.X.); (X.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.C.); (M.W.); (A.S.); (L.W.); (M.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Meizhu Wu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China; (N.X.); (Q.X.); (X.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.C.); (M.W.); (A.S.); (L.W.); (M.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Aling Shen
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China; (N.X.); (Q.X.); (X.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.C.); (M.W.); (A.S.); (L.W.); (M.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Lihui Wei
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China; (N.X.); (Q.X.); (X.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.C.); (M.W.); (A.S.); (L.W.); (M.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Innovation and Transformation Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Mengying Yao
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China; (N.X.); (Q.X.); (X.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.C.); (M.W.); (A.S.); (L.W.); (M.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China; (N.X.); (Q.X.); (X.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.C.); (M.W.); (A.S.); (L.W.); (M.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Innovation and Transformation Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Thomas J. Sferra
- Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (Y.C.); (T.J.S.); (A.J.)
| | - Anjum Jafri
- Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (Y.C.); (T.J.S.); (A.J.)
| | - Yi Fang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China; (N.X.); (Q.X.); (X.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.C.); (M.W.); (A.S.); (L.W.); (M.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Innovation and Transformation Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China; (N.X.); (Q.X.); (X.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.C.); (M.W.); (A.S.); (L.W.); (M.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Innovation and Transformation Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
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Xiao G, Tang R, Yang N, Chen Y. Review on pharmacological effects of gastrodin. Arch Pharm Res 2023; 46:744-770. [PMID: 37749449 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-023-01463-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Gastrodia elata Blume is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine that is mainly used to treat diseases related to the nervous system, such as stroke, epilepsy, and headache. Gastrodin is the main bioactive component of Gastrodia elata Blume, and studies have shown that it has extensive pharmacological activity. This narrative review aims to systematically review relevant studies on the pharmacological effects of gastrodin to provide researchers with the latest and most useful information. Studies have shown that gastrodin has prominent neuroprotective effects and can treat or improve epilepsy, Tourette syndrome, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, emotional disorders, cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, cognitive impairment, and neuropathic pain. Gastrodin can also improve myocardial hypertrophy, hypertension, and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. In addition, gastrodin can mitigate liver, kidney, and bone tissue damage caused by oxidative stress and inflammation. In short, gastrodin is expected to treat many diseases, and it is worth investing more effort in research on this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guirong Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Rong Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Hospital of Stomatology, Chengdu, 610031, China.
| | - Nan Yang
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yanhua Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China.
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Lin LL, Wang D, Wang W, Cheng YQ, Su DF, Liu AJ. Long-term treatment of clonidine, atenolol, amlodipine and dihydrochlorothiazide, but not enalapril, impairs the sexual function in male spontaneously hypertensive rats. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0116155. [PMID: 25615941 PMCID: PMC4304790 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the impact of representative antihypertensive drugs of 5 classes on the sexual function in male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) at doses that achieved similar blood pressure (BP) reduction. The experiment was performed in 6 groups of male SHR. The dose are 20 μg/kg/day for clonidine, 3 mg/kg/day for enalapril, 20 mg/kg/day for atenolol, 2 mg/kg/day for amlodipine, and 10 mg/kg/day for dihydrochlorothiazide. SHR were treated for 3 months, and then the penile erection and sexual behavior were detected. After BP recording, SHR were killed to evaluate the organ-damage, weight of accessory sex organs and levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone in serum. Five drugs had the similar efficacy on BP reduction. All drugs except of enalapril, significantly prolonged the mount latency, and decreased the mount frequency (P<0.05). Clonidine also reduced the conception rate (45% vs. 80% in control group, P<0.05). Amlodipine and dihydrochlorothiazide significantly increased the testosterone level (0.79±0.30, 0.80±0.34 vs. 0.49±0.20 in control group, unit: ng/dl, P<0.05). Enalapril, atenolol and amlodipine also significantly decreased the BP variability (systolic, 8.2±2.5, 7.6±1.8, 8.9±2.0 vs. 12.2±3.8 in control group, unit: mm Hg). All these drugs significantly decreased the organ-damage (P<0.05). In conclusion, long-term treatment with 5 common antihypertensive drugs possessed obvious organ protection in SHR. Clonidine, atenolol, amlodipine and dihydrochlorothiazide, but not enalapril, impair sexual function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuxi Higher Health Vocational Technology School, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmacy Administration, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Qiong Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of urinary surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ding-Feng Su
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (AJL); (DFS)
| | - Ai-Jun Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (AJL); (DFS)
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Gui H, Guo YF, Liu X, Zhang JM, Yang YL, Huang GZ, Liu JG. Effects of combination therapy with levamlodipine and bisoprolol on stroke in rats. CNS Neurosci Ther 2013; 19:178-82. [PMID: 23441690 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Revised: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To examine the effects of combination with levamlodipine and bisoprolol on stroke in rats. METHODS For acute study, Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and heart period (HP) were monitored in conscious stroke prone-spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR-SP) and sinoaortic denervation (SAD) rats before and after intragastric administration of either drug at a single dose. Rats were subjected to middle cerebral arterial occlusion (MCAO) half an hour after drug administration; sacrificed 24 h later to measure the infarct size. For long-term study, drugs (either alone or in combination) were delivered via food to SHR-SP. The survival time was recorded. RESULTS SBP was significantly reduced by combination therapy both in SHR-SP and SAD rats. Neutralization on heart rate (HR) was observed in combination. The drug combination increased baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) and reduced SBP variability (SBPV). In chronic experiments, the lifespan of SHR-SP rats exposed to the drug combination was longer than that in rats exposed to either drug alone. The infarct area was the smallest in subjects receiving drug combination in SD rats both with and without SAD. CONCLUSION Combined use of levamlodipine and bisoprolol produced better protection against stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Gui
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Li ZY, Xu TY, Zhang SL, Zhou XM, Xu XW, Guan YF, Lo M, Miao CY. Telemetric ambulatory arterial stiffness index, a predictor of cardio-cerebro-vascular mortality, is associated with aortic stiffness-determining factors. CNS Neurosci Ther 2013; 19:667-74. [PMID: 23702193 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Revised: 04/13/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ambulatory arterial stiffness index (AASI) has been proposed as a new measure of arterial stiffness for predicting cardio-cerebro-vascular morbidity and mortality. However, there has been no research on the direct relationships between AASI and arterial stiffness-determining factors. METHODS We utilized beat-to-beat intra-aortic blood pressure (BP) telemetry to characterize AASI in Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). By determination of aortic structural components and analysis of their correlations with AASI, we provided the first direct evidence for the associations between AASI and arterial stiffness-determining factors including the collagen content and collagen/elastin. RESULTS Ambulatory arterial stiffness index was positively correlated with pulse pressure in both WKY and SHR, less dependent on BP and BP variability than pulse pressure, and relatively stable, especially the number of BP readings not less than ~36. The correlations between AASI and aortic components were comparable for various AASI values derived from BP readings not less than ~36. Not only AASI but also BP variability and pulse pressure demonstrated a direct relationship with arterial stiffness. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate AASI may become a routine measure in human arterial stiffness assessment. It is recommended to use a cluster of parameters such as AASI, BP variability, and pulse pressure for evaluating arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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