Susantitaphong P, Koulouridis I, Balk EM, Madias NE, Jaber BL. Effect of frequent or extended hemodialysis on cardiovascular parameters: a meta-analysis.
Am J Kidney Dis 2012;
59:689-99. [PMID:
22370022 DOI:
10.1053/j.ajkd.2011.12.020]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2011] [Accepted: 12/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Increased left ventricular (LV) mass is a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality in patients with chronic kidney failure. More frequent or extended hemodialysis (HD) has been hypothesized to have a beneficial effect on LV mass.
STUDY DESIGN
Meta-analysis.
SETTING & POPULATION
MEDLINE literature search (inception to April 2011), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and ClinicalTrials.gov using the search terms "short daily HD," "daily HD," "quotidian HD," "frequent HD," "intensive HD," "nocturnal HD," and "home HD."
SELECTION CRITERIA FOR STUDIES
Single-arm cohort studies (with pre- and post-study evaluations) and trials examining the effect of frequent or extended HD on cardiac morphology and function and blood pressure parameters. Studies of hemofiltration, hemodiafiltration, and peritoneal dialysis were excluded.
INTERVENTION
Frequent (2-8 hours, >3 times weekly) or extended (>4 hours, 3 times weekly) HD compared with conventional (≤4 hours, 3 times weekly) HD.
OUTCOMES
Absolute changes in cardiac morphology and function, including LV mass index (LVMI; primary) and blood pressure parameters (secondary).
RESULTS
We identified 38 single-arm studies, 5 crossover trials, and 3 randomized controlled trials. By meta-analysis of 23 study arms, frequent or extended HD significantly reduced LVMI from baseline (-31.2 g/m(2), 95% CI, -39.8 to -22.5; P < 0.001). The 3 randomized trials found a less pronounced net reduction in LVMI (-7.0 g/m(2); 95% CI, -10.2 to -3.7; P < 0.001). LV ejection fraction improved by 6.7% (95% CI, 1.6% to 11.9%; P = 0.01). Other cardiac morphologic parameters showed similar improvements. There also were significant decreases in systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure and mean number of antihypertensive medications.
LIMITATIONS
Paucity of randomized controlled trials.
CONCLUSIONS
Conversion from conventional to frequent or extended HD is associated with improvements in cardiac morphology and function, including LVMI and LV ejection fraction, respectively, and several blood pressure parameters, which collectively might confer long-term cardiovascular benefit. Trials with long-term clinical outcomes are needed.
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