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Nair V, Sahni AK, Sharma D, Grover N, Shankar S, Chakravarty A, Patrikar S, Methe K, Jaiswal SS, Dalal SS, Kapur A, Verma R, Prakash J, Gupta A, Bhansali A, Batura D, Rao GG, Joshi DP, Chopra BK. Point prevalence & risk factor assessment for hospital-acquired infections in a tertiary care hospital in Pune, India. Indian J Med Res 2018; 145:824-832. [PMID: 29067985 PMCID: PMC5674553 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1167_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives: Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are a major challenge to patient safety and have serious public health implications by changing the quality of life of patients and sometimes causing disability or even death. The true burden of HAI remains unknown, particularly in developing countries. The objective of this study was to estimate point prevalence of HAI and study the associated risk factors in a tertiary care hospital in Pune, India. Methods: A series of four cross-sectional point prevalence surveys were carried out between March and August 2014. Data of each patient admitted were collected using a structured data entry form. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines were used to identify and diagnose patients with HAI. Results: Overall prevalence of HAI was 3.76 per cent. Surgical Intensive Care Unit (ICU) (25%), medical ICU (20%), burns ward (20%) and paediatric ward (12.17%) were identified to have significant association with HAI. Prolonged hospital stay [odds ratio (OR=2.81), mechanical ventilation (OR=18.57), use of urinary catheter (OR=7.89) and exposure to central air-conditioning (OR=8.59) had higher odds of acquiring HAI (P<0.05). Interpretation & conclusions: HAI prevalence showed a progressive reduction over successive rounds of survey. Conscious effort needs to be taken by all concerned to reduce the duration of hospital stay. Use of medical devices should be minimized and used judiciously. Healthcare infection control should be a priority of every healthcare provider. Such surveys should be done in different healthcare settings to plan a response to reducing HAI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velu Nair
- Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - A K Sahni
- Department of Microbiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Dinesh Sharma
- Department of Community Medicine, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Naveen Grover
- Department of Microbiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - S Shankar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - A Chakravarty
- Department of Hospital Administration, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Seema Patrikar
- Department of Community Medicine, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Kailas Methe
- Department of Community Medicine, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - S S Jaiswal
- Department of Surgery, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - S S Dalal
- Department of Paediatrics, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Anupam Kapur
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Rajesh Verma
- Department of Dermatology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Jyoti Prakash
- Department of Psychiatry, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Ashutosh Gupta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Anvita Bhansali
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Deepak Batura
- Department of Urology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - G Gopal Rao
- Department of Microbiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - D P Joshi
- Department of Urology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - B K Chopra
- Department of Orthopaedics, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
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