Detrusor Overactivity in Hyperchoelsterolemia Rats

Composite dietary antioxidant index in relation to urge urinary incontinence in US men

Background

Urinary incontinence (UI), particularly urge urinary incontinence (UUI), is a prevalent condition that worsens with age and negatively affects quality of life. Antioxidants, measured by the composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI), have been linked to inflammation and other diseases, but their relationship with UUI remains uncertain. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between UUI prevalence and CDAI.

Materials and methods

Data for this cross-sectional study were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey's four cycles (2011-2018). The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of the relationship between CDAI and male UUI were ascertained by the use of weighted univariate analysis, multivariate logistic regression, restricted cubic spline regression, and subgroup analysis. PSM and sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the robustness of the findings.

Results

A total of 7,735 participants took part in this study. After adjusting for potential confounders, CDAI was found to be negatively associated with the prevalence of UUI in those with lower CDAI (about half overall). This relationship lost significance in populations with higher CDAI. The negative correlation between zinc and the prevalence of UUI was more significant in populations with low antioxidant diets. The results remained consistent, with subgroup analyses finding a significant interaction effect for race only after PSM (p = 0.043), with no significant interaction effect observed for the rest.

Conclusion

This study showed a negative correlation between CDAI and UUI incidence in the group of men with low CDAI levels (about half of the population). Thus, effective prevention or treatment of UUI requires dietary changes aimed at the male population with poor antioxidant diets.

Chronic Pelvic Ischemia: Contribution to the Pathogenesis of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS): A New Target for Pharmacological Treatment?

The incidence of lower urinary tract symptoms, including overactive bladder (OAB), is continuing to rise, and is associated with a negative impact on quality of life and a heavy economic burden. A major risk factor for OAB is advancing age. The etiology of OAB is multifactorial and appears to involve myogenic, neurogenic, and urotheliogenic factors. In this article, we review the strengthening preclinical evidence supporting the contribution of chronic pelvic ischemia to the pathogenesis of OAB. In animal models, chronic ischemia induced by arterial injury and a high-fat diet upregulates markers of oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokines in the urothelium and lamina propria, and leads to increased expression of nerve growth factor. These processes result in increased afferent activity and an increased frequency of micturition, reflecting a state of bladder hyperactivity. In severe, prolonged cases, bladder overactivity may develop into underactivity. Antimuscarinic therapies are the mainstay of OAB treatment, but their usefulness is limited by modest efficacy and troublesome side-effects. Our increasing understanding of the contribution of chronic ischemia to OAB is leading toward novel therapeutic options targeting chronic pelvic ischemia and its morphological, functional, and oxidative consequences. Preclinical trials have demonstrated encouraging results with α1 -adrenoreceptor blockade, phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibition, β3 -adrenoreceptor agonism, free radical scavenging, and stem cell therapy, in preventing morphological, biochemical and functional changes induced by chronic bladder ischemia.