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Michishita M, Shibata R, Machida Y, Matsumoto M, Ochiai K, Azakami D. Subleukaemic T-Lymphoblastic Leukaemia in a Horse. J Comp Pathol 2021; 188:21-25. [PMID: 34686273 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A 20-year-old Dutch Warmblood gelding was referred with clinical signs of anorexia, weight loss, intermittent fever, cough, subcutaneous oedema and exercise intolerance. Haematological examination revealed the presence of blast cells, decreased lymphocytes, mild thrombocytopenia and anaemia but no leucocytosis. Serum analyses detected elevated aspartate aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyl transferase activities and triglyceride concentrations. Twenty-two days after the initial visit, the horse died after showing clinical signs of decreased appetite, increased body temperature, tachypnoea and tachycardia. At necropsy, there was mild splenomegaly but enlarged lymph nodes, masses or nodules were not seen in any organ. Histologically, neoplastic cells were seen in the subcapsular and medullary lymph sinus of the mediastinal, axillary, mesenteric and renal lymph nodes. The bone marrow was densely cellular with numerous large round neoplastic cells that had round nuclei with clear nucleoli and scant cytoplasm. The neoplastic cells were immunopositive for CD3 but negative for CD20, BLA36, CD204, Iba-1, CD204 and granzyme B. Based on these findings, the neoplasm was diagnosed as subleukaemic T-lymphoblastic leukaemia, which, to the best of our knowledge, is the first report of this neoplasm in horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Michishita
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan; Research Center for Animal Life Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Ritsu Shibata
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukino Machida
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Kazuhiko Ochiai
- Research Center for Animal Life Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Kanagawa, Japan; Department of Veterinary Hygiene, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Japan
| | - Daigo Azakami
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Oncology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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2
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Hattab J, Vulcano A, D’Arezzo S, Verni F, Tiscar PG, Lanteri G, Gjurcevic E, Tosi U, Marruchella G. Aspergillus Section Fumigati Pneumonia and Oxalate Nephrosis in a Foal. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10091087. [PMID: 34578120 PMCID: PMC8471827 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10091087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Equine pulmonary aspergillosis is a rare deep mycosis often due to the hematogenous spread of hyphae after gastrointestinal tract disease. We describe herein the main clinic-pathological findings observed in a foal, which spontaneously died after showing diarrhea and respiratory distress. Necropsy and histopathological investigations allowed to diagnose pulmonary aspergillosis, which likely developed after necrotic typhlitis-colitis. Biomolecular studies identified Aspergillus section Fumigati strain as the causative agent. Notably, severe oxalate nephrosis was concurrently observed. Occasionally, oxalate nephropathy can be a sequela of pulmonary aspergillosis in humans. The present case report suggests that the renal precipitation of oxalates can occur also in horses affected by pulmonary aspergillosis and could likely contribute to the fatal outcome of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Hattab
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Loc. Piano d’Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (J.H.); (P.G.T.); (U.T.)
| | - Antonella Vulcano
- Laboratorio di Microbiologia Banca Biologica e Cell Factory, Istituto Nazionale Malattie Infettive “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy; (A.V.); (S.D.)
| | - Silvia D’Arezzo
- Laboratorio di Microbiologia Banca Biologica e Cell Factory, Istituto Nazionale Malattie Infettive “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy; (A.V.); (S.D.)
| | - Fabiana Verni
- Veterinary Practitioner, Loc. Convento, 64023 Teramo, Italy;
| | - Pietro Giorgio Tiscar
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Loc. Piano d’Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (J.H.); (P.G.T.); (U.T.)
| | - Giovanni Lanteri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Viale G. Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy;
| | - Emil Gjurcevic
- Department for Biology and Pathology of Fish and Bees, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Umberto Tosi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Loc. Piano d’Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (J.H.); (P.G.T.); (U.T.)
| | - Giuseppe Marruchella
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Loc. Piano d’Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (J.H.); (P.G.T.); (U.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0861-266932
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3
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Satué K, Gardon JC, Muñoz A. A review of current knowledge of myeloproliferative disorders in the horse. Acta Vet Scand 2021; 63:8. [PMID: 33622355 PMCID: PMC7903742 DOI: 10.1186/s13028-021-00573-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid disorders are conditions being characterized by abnormal proliferation and development of myeloid lineage including granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils), monocytes, erythroids, and megakaryocytes precursor cells. Myeloid leukemia, based on clinical presentation and proliferative rate of neoplastic cells, is divided into acute (AML) and myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). The most commonly myeloid leukemia reported in horses are AML-M4 (myelomonocytic) and AML-M5 (monocytic). Isolated cases of AML-M6B (acute erythroid leukemia), and chronic granulocytic leukemia have also been reported. Additionally, bone marrow disorders with dysplastic alterations and ineffective hematopoiesis affecting single or multiple cell lineages or myelodysplastic diseases (MDS), have also been reported in horses. MDSs have increased myeloblasts numbers in blood or bone marrow, although less than 20%, which is the minimum level required for diagnosis of AML. This review performed a detailed description of the current state of knowlegde of the myeloproliferative disorders in horses following the criteria established by the World Health Organization.
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Miglio A, Pepe M, Felippe MJB, Antognoni MT. Subleukaemic acute myeloid leukaemia with myelodysplasia in a horse. EQUINE VET EDUC 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.12983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Miglio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Perugia Perugia Italy
- Centro di Ricerca sul Cavallo Sportivo University of Perugia Perugia Italy
| | - M. Pepe
- Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Perugia Perugia Italy
- Centro di Ricerca sul Cavallo Sportivo University of Perugia Perugia Italy
| | - M. J. B. Felippe
- Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine Cornell University Ithaca New York USA
| | - M. T. Antognoni
- Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Perugia Perugia Italy
- Centro di Ricerca sul Cavallo Sportivo University of Perugia Perugia Italy
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5
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Cooper CJ, Keller SM, Arroyo LG, Hewson J, Kenney D, Bienzle D. Acute Leukemia in Horses. Vet Pathol 2017; 55:159-172. [DOI: 10.1177/0300985817720983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Leukemia is broadly divided into acute and chronic lymphocytic and myeloid types based on the proportion of blasts, morphology of cells, and expression of specific antigens on neoplastic cells. Classifying leukemia in horses can be challenging if blasts predominate and since few antibodies to identify cell types are available. The objective of this study was to describe in detail the clinical and pathologic features of acute leukemia in horses. Twelve horses ranging from 0.2 to 25.9 years of age were diagnosed with acute leukemia. Six cases were classified as acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) based on predominance of blasts, lack of granulocytic or monocytic differentiation, and detection of CD3, CD20, and/or CD79a antigens by immunohistochemistry. Six other cases were classified as acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with myelomonocytic ( n = 4), basophilic ( n = 1), and eosinophilic ( n = 1) differentiation based on > 20% bone marrow blasts and partial leukocytic differentiation. Reactivity with antibodies to Iba-1/AIF-1, CD172a, and CD163 was determined for all cases of AML. Eleven horses had thrombocytopenia, 10 had neutropenia, 8 had anemia, all had blasts on blood films, and none had leukocytosis. Ten horses had increased serum acute phase proteins. Bone marrow cellularity ranged from 30% to 100%, and the proportion of blasts ranged from 80% to 100% and 30% to 60% in ALL and AML, respectively. Horses were severely ill at diagnosis and euthanized within days or weeks. Unique features of acute leukemia in horses compared to other species were variable lymphocyte antigen expression (ALL) and frequent inflammation (ALL and AML).
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina J. Cooper
- Department of Clinical Studies, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stefan M. Keller
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Luis G. Arroyo
- Department of Clinical Studies, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joanne Hewson
- Department of Clinical Studies, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel Kenney
- Department of Clinical Studies, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dorothee Bienzle
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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6
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Barrell EA, Asakawa MG, Felippe MJB, Divers TJ, Stokol T. Acute leukemia in six horses (1990-2012). J Vet Diagn Invest 2017; 29:529-535. [PMID: 28467276 DOI: 10.1177/1040638717707724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute leukemia is rare in horses. Herein we describe historical, clinicopathologic, and postmortem findings in 6 horses with acute leukemia. Medical records of horses with >20% bone marrow blasts and cytochemical or immunophenotyping results were reviewed. Affected horses were 2-8 y of age and of different breeds and sex. Horses were presented acutely with nonspecific signs (e.g., fever, lethargy). Characteristic hemogram findings were bi- or pancytopenia with low blast numbers. Histologic examination revealed extramedullary infiltrates, especially in lymph nodes, spleen, kidney, liver, and lungs. Leukemias were classified as B-cell ( n = 3) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) ( n = 3). Tumors in 4 cases expressed multiple lineage markers, which complicated classification. Acute leukemia should be suspected in horses with moderate-to-severe bi- or pancytopenia. Blood smears should be reviewed for neoplastic cells, and bone marrow examination is required for diagnosis. Leukemia classification is best achieved using combined morphologic, cytochemical, and immunophenotyping results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Barrell
- Departments of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (Barrell, Felippe, Divers), College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.,Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (Asakawa, Stokol), College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Midori Goto Asakawa
- Departments of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (Barrell, Felippe, Divers), College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.,Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (Asakawa, Stokol), College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - M Julia B Felippe
- Departments of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (Barrell, Felippe, Divers), College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.,Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (Asakawa, Stokol), College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Thomas J Divers
- Departments of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (Barrell, Felippe, Divers), College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.,Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (Asakawa, Stokol), College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Tracy Stokol
- Departments of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (Barrell, Felippe, Divers), College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.,Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (Asakawa, Stokol), College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
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8
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Taintor
- Department of Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; Auburn University; Auburn; Alabama; USA
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9
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Forbes G, Feary DJ, Savage CJ, Nath L, Church S, Lording P. Acute myeloid leukaemia (M6B: pure acute erythroid leukaemia) in a Thoroughbred foal. Aust Vet J 2011; 89:269-72. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.2011.00790.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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10
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Muñoz A, Riber C, Trigo P, Castejón F. Hematopoietic neoplasias in horses: myeloproliferative and lymphoproliferative disorders. J Equine Sci 2010; 20:59-72. [PMID: 24833969 PMCID: PMC4013965 DOI: 10.1294/jes.20.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/25/2009] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukemia, i.e., the neoplasia of one or more cell lines of the bone marrow, although less common than in other species, it is also reported in horses. Leukemia can be classified according to the affected cells (myeloproliferative or lymphoproliferative disorders), evolution of clinical signs (acute or chronic) and the presence or lack of abnormal cells in peripheral blood (leukemic, subleukemic and aleukemic leukemia). The main myeloproliferative disorders in horses are malignant histiocytosis and myeloid leukemia, the latter being classified as monocytic and myelomonocytic, granulocytic, primary erythrocytosis or polycythemia vera and megakaryocytic leukemia. The most common lymphoproliferative disorders in horses are lymphoid leukemia, plasma cell or multiple myeloma and lymphoma. Lymphoma is the most common hematopoietic neoplasia in horses and usually involves lymphoid organs, without leukemia, although bone marrow may be affected after metastasis. Lymphoma could be classified according to the organs involved and four main clinical categories have been established: generalized-multicentric, alimentary-gastrointestinal, mediastinal-thymic-thoracic and cutaneous. The clinical signs, hematological and clinical pathological findings, results of bone marrow aspirates, involvement of other organs, prognosis and treatment, if applicable, are presented for each type of neoplasia. This paper aims to provide a guide for equine practitioners when approaching to clinical cases with suspicion of hematopoietic neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Muñoz
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain ; Equine Sport Medicine Centre, CEMEDE, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Cristina Riber
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain ; Equine Sport Medicine Centre, CEMEDE, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Pablo Trigo
- Equine Sport Medicine Centre, CEMEDE, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisco Castejón
- Equine Sport Medicine Centre, CEMEDE, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
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11
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Abstract
Evaluation of equine bone marrow and lymph node samples can provide the definitive diagnosis in some cases, and may provide useful information in other cases. Some newer techniques, including immunophenotyping of cells and clonality assays, provide the capability to more precisely identify cells, both as to origin and malignancy. Use of these techniques on equine bone marrow and lymph node samples, and compiling of the data, will eventually provide invaluable information about equine neoplasia that will greatly improve the ability to predict tumor behavior and response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan J Tornquist
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, 200 Magruder Hall, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
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12
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Abstract
Flow cytometry is a powerful tool for characterising the composition of complex cell populations. The accuracy and precision of this technology for describing and enumerating cells exceeds traditional methods. The number of diagnostic veterinary laboratories with access to a dedicated machine is increasing, and there is the potential to offer a clinical flow cytometry service. The improved availability of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to cell markers expressed by the leukocytes of companion animals, permits the implementation of comprehensive mAb panels suitable for diagnosis of lympho- and myeloproliferative disease. Reticulated erythrocyte and platelet quantification, antiglobulin assays for immune-mediated cytopenias, lymphocyte subset analysis, and immunophenotyping of lymphoma and leukemia, have been validated for companion animal samples on the flow cytometer. It is now timely to consider the role of flow cytometry in diagnostic practice, and the requirement for quality assurance and standardization of testing procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline M Tarrant
- Department of Pathology and Infectious Diseases, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms AL9 7TA, UK.
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13
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Thirion-Delalande C, Guillot J, Jensen HE, Crespeau FL, Bernex F. Disseminated Acute Concomitant Aspergillosis and Mucormycosis in a Pony. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 52:121-4. [PMID: 15836442 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0442.2005.00700.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A 6-year-old female pony died after 2 days of prostration. Clinical signs included hyperthermia and abnormal pulmonary auscultation sounds. Necropsy revealed diffuse severe necrohaemorrhagic colitis and splenitis, multiple visceral ecchymoses, petechial haemorrhages in the brain and lungs. Microscopical examination showed acute necrohaemorrhagic colitis, encephalitis, pneumonia and splenitis associated with fibrinoid vasculitis, thrombosis and fungal hyphae within and around vessels. Immunohistologically, concomitant aspergillosis (caused by Aspergillus fumigatus) and mucormycosis (causde by Absidia corymbifera) were identified in the colonic and pulmonary lesions, whereas pure mucormycosis was observed in cerebral and splenic lesions. Dual mycotic infections are very rarely described, and the present case emphasizes the need of immunohistochemistry in order to obtain a clear-cut diagnosis of mixed fungal infections.
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14
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McClure JT, Young KM, Fiste M, Sharkey LC, Lunn DP. Immunophenotypic Classification of Leukemia in 3 Horses. J Vet Intern Med 2001. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2001.tb01247.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Abstract
Leukoproliferative disorders reported in horses include lymphoma, lymphocytic leukemia, plasma cell myeloma, granulocytic leukemia, monocytic leukemia, myelomonocytic leukemia, and eosinophilic leukemia. Lymphoma affects horses of all ages, whereas leukemias often occur in younger horses. Clinical signs are often nonspecific including depression, anorexia, fever, and weight loss. Specialized diagnostic techniques such as cytochemistry and immunophenotyping better define the cellular origin of leukoproliferative disorders, which is essential for developing appropriate therapeutic protocols and rendering an accurate prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T McClure
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada.
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Johnson PJ, Moore LA, Mrad DR, Turk JR, Wilson DA. Sudden death of two horses associated with pulmonary aspergillosis. Vet Rec 1999; 145:16-20. [PMID: 10452392 DOI: 10.1136/vr.145.1.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The sudden death of two horses was attributed to the rapid and acute development of pulmonary aspergillosis. One horse was making excellent postoperative progress after a jejunal resection and anastomosis for intestinal adhesions. The other horse was being treated routinely for equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM). Signs of fever and an increased respiratory rate were detected shortly before death in the first horse, but no premonitory clinical signs characteristic of pulmonary infection were detected in the horse being treated for EPM. Both horses developed rapidly debilitating, acute pulmonary mycosis and died unexpectedly.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Johnson
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211, USA
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17
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Abstract
Nomenclature regarding neoplasia of the hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues in the horse is confusing. This article will clarify terminology, and discuss the individual lymphoproliferative and myeloproliferative disorders recognized in the horse. Diagnostic techniques that are useful in cases in which hematopoietic or lymphoid tissue neoplasia are suspected include histochemical staining profiles, bone marrow aspiration, and bone marrow biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Savage
- Department of Equine Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, USA
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Carrasco L, Tarradas MC, Gómez-Villamandos JC, Luque I, Arenas A, Méndez A. Equine pulmonary mycosis due to Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus stolonifer. J Comp Pathol 1997; 117:191-9. [PMID: 9447480 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9975(97)80014-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Invasive pulmonary mycosis caused by Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus stolonifer is reported in a 2-year-old horse, one of three that died after being housed in a disused, uncleaned stable. Lesions were characterized by thrombosis of the blood vessels with haemorrhage and tissue necrosis. Fungal hyphae were observed both in thrombosed vessels and in adjacent necrotic tissue. In culture media inoculated with lung samples and samples from the bedding hay, two types of colony were recorded and identified as A. niger and R. stolonifer. This study is the first description of equine pulmonary mucormycosis and of A. niger as an aetiological agent in the horse.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Carrasco
- Departamento de Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas, Universidad de Córdoba, Spain
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Abstract
A 5-year-old Thoroughbred mare presented with a 4 week history of weight loss, fever and leukopenia. Rectally, a large active foetus, thickened spleen and an abdominal mass were palpated. Leukopenia, mild anaemia, marked thrombocytopenia and hyperfibrinogenaemia were found. Cytology and cytochemical staining of a bone marrow aspirate supported a diagnosis of acute myelogenous leukaemia. The mare deteriorated despite medical therapy and was humanely euthanased.
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Affiliation(s)
- N C Ringger
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610, USA
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