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Teoh YB, Ishizaki T, Kagawa Y, Yokoyama S, Jelinek J, Matsumoto Y, Tomiyasu H, Tsujimoto H, Takiguchi M, Yamazaki J. Use of genome-wide DNA methylation analysis to identify prognostic CpG site markers associated with longer survival time in dogs with multicentric high-grade B-cell lymphoma. J Vet Intern Med 2024; 38:316-325. [PMID: 38115210 PMCID: PMC10800228 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA methylation analysis might identify prognostic CpG sites in CHOP-treated dogs with multicentric high-grade B-cell lymphoma (MHGL) with heterogenous prognosis. OBJECTIVE To identify prognostic CpG sites of MHGL through genome-wide DNA methylation analysis with pyrosequencing validation. ANIMALS Test group: 24 dogs. Validation group: 100 dogs. All client-owned dogs were diagnosed with MHGL and treated with CHOP chemotherapy. METHODS Cohort study. DNA was extracted from lymph node samples obtained via FNA. Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis using Digital Restriction Enzyme Analysis of Methylation (DREAM) was performed on the test group to identify differentially methylated CpG sites (DMCs). Bisulfite pyrosequencing was used to measure methylation status of candidate DMCs in the validation group. Median survival times (MST) were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier (log-rank) product limit method. RESULTS DREAM analyzed 101 576 CpG sites. Hierarchical clustering of 16 262 CpG sites in test group identified group with better prognosis (MST = 55-477 days vs 10-301 days, P = .007). Volcano plot identified 1371 differentially methylated CpG sites (DMCs). DMC near the genes of FAM213A (DMC-F) and PHLPP1 (DMC-P) were selected as candidates. Bisulfite-pyrosequencing performed on validation group showed group with methylation level of DMC-F < 40% had favorable prognosis (MST = 11-1072 days vs 8-1792 days, P = .01), whereas group with the methylation level combination of DMC-F < 40% plus DMC-P < 10% had excellent prognosis (MST = 18-1072 days vs 8-1792 days, P = .009). CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Methylation status of prognostic CpG sites delineate canine MGHL cases with longer MST, providing owners with information on expectations of potential improved treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Bin Teoh
- Translational Research Unit, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Graduate School of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporoHokkaidoJapan
- One Health Research CenterHokkaido UniversitySapporoHokkaidoJapan
| | | | | | - Shoko Yokoyama
- Translational Research Unit, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Graduate School of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporoHokkaidoJapan
- One Health Research CenterHokkaido UniversitySapporoHokkaidoJapan
| | | | | | - Hirotaka Tomiyasu
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal MedicineUniversity of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Hajime Tsujimoto
- Japan Animal Referral Medical Center (JARMeC)KawasakiKanagawaJapan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Takiguchi
- One Health Research CenterHokkaido UniversitySapporoHokkaidoJapan
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporoHokkaidoJapan
| | - Jumpei Yamazaki
- Translational Research Unit, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Graduate School of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporoHokkaidoJapan
- One Health Research CenterHokkaido UniversitySapporoHokkaidoJapan
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2
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Keating MK, Rosenkrantz WS, Keller SM, Moore PF. Evaluation of clonality from multiple anatomic sites in canine epitheliotropic T cell lymphoma. Vet Dermatol 2022; 33:559-567. [PMID: 35876313 DOI: 10.1111/vde.13106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Canine epitheliotropic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (eCTCL) is thought to represent a disease homologue to human mycosis fungoides (MF). In human MF, neoplastic cells are phenotypically consistent with resident effector memory T cells, a population that remains for an extended period within tissue without circulating. Dogs with eCTCL often present with lesions in multiple locations, raising the question of whether the neoplasm is of the same T-cell subpopulation or not. OBJECTIVES To characterize the antigen receptor gene rearrangements of lymphocytes from skin and blood of dogs with eCTCL to determine if neoplastic clones are identical. ANIMALS Fourteen dogs with eCTCL. MATERIALS AND METHODS Histological and immunohistochemical examination, and PCR for antigen receptor rearrangement (PARR) for T-cell receptor gamma (TRG) performed on multiple cutaneous biopsy samples and blood. RESULTS All skin biopsies contained cluster of differentiation (CD)3-positive neoplastic lymphocytes. Within individual dogs, all skin biopsies revealed identical TRG clonality profiles, suggesting that the same neoplastic clone was present in all sites. In the blood, a matching clone was found in six of 14 dogs, a unique clone was observed in nine of 14 dogs, and no clone was detected in two of 14 dogs. CONCLUSIONS These findings show that canine eCTCL lesions in multiple locations harbour the same neoplastic clone, neoplastic lymphocytes do not remain fixed to the skin and instead can circulate via blood, differing clones can be identified in skin versus blood, and circulating neoplastic cells can be detected without lymphocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stefan M Keller
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Peter F Moore
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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3
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Blaxill J, Buzzacott P, Finlay J. Prognostic indicators for naïve canine non-indolent T-cell lymphoma treated with combination lomustine, vincristine, procarbazine and prednisolone chemotherapy. Vet Comp Oncol 2021; 20:215-226. [PMID: 34464024 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Lomustine, vincristine, procarbazine and prednisolone (LOPP) chemotherapy has been suggested to be an effective treatment for dogs with naïve non-indolent T-cell lymphoma (TCL). Studies evaluating prognostic factors for dogs with TCL treated with LOPP chemotherapy are lacking. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess potential prognostic factors for canine naïve non-indolent TCL treated with the LOPP protocol. This was a retrospective cohort study of naïve non-indolent TCL treated with the LOPP chemotherapy protocol at a single specialty veterinary oncology clinic. Sixty-seven dogs met the inclusion criteria. The outcomes assessed included progression free survival (PFS), overall survival time (OST) and duration of complete response (DCR). The overall median PFS was 118 days (range 7-2302 days). The median OST was 202 days (range 8-2302 days). The overall median DCR was 316 days (range 38-2261 days). Number of treatments administered (p < .0001), multicentric disease (p = .044) and the presence of hypercalcaemia (p = .006) were prognostic indicators for PFS. Increasing number of treatments (p < .0001) and age (p = .0088) were prognostic indicators for OST. To our knowledge, this is the first study to describe hypercalcaemia as a positive prognostic indicator of PFS for TCL treated with LOPP chemotherapy. LOPP chemotherapy can be considered as a first-line treatment protocol against naïve hypercalcaemic non-indolent TCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Blaxill
- University of Sydney Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter Buzzacott
- School of Nursing, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jessica Finlay
- Perth Veterinary Specialists, Osborne Park, Western Australia, Australia
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4
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Dolan C, Miller T, Jill J, Terrell J, Kelly TK, Bygott T, Wilson-Robles H. Characterizing circulating nucleosomes in the plasma of dogs with lymphoma. BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:276. [PMID: 34399763 PMCID: PMC8365961 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-02991-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nucleosomes consist of DNA wrapped around a histone octamer core like beads on a string so that DNA can be condensed as chromatin into chromosomes. Diseases such as cancer or inflammation lead to cell death where chromatin is fragmentated and released as mononucleosomes into the blood. The Nu.Q™ H3.1 assay measures total nucleosome concentration in plasma of humans and has been used to detect and identify cancer even at early stages. The objectives of this study were to determine if nucleosome levels could be used to distinguish between healthy dogs and dogs with various stages of lymphoma (LSA) using the Nu.Q™ H3.1 assay. A total of 126 dogs diagnosed with LSA and 134 healthy controls were recruited for this study. Plasma was collected from each dog and stored in K2-EDTA tubes. The LSA patient samples were recruited from TAMU or purchased from various biobanks. All control cases were recruited from TAMU. RESULTS Dogs with LSA had an approximately 7-fold increase in their plasma nucleosome concentrations compared to controls (AUC 87.8%). Nucleosome concentrations increased with cancer stage and dogs with B cell lymphomas had significantly higher nucleosome concentrations than dogs with T cell lymphomas. CONCLUSIONS The Nu.Q™ H3.1 assay was able to reliably detect elevated nucleosome concentrations in the plasma of dogs with LSA. Furthermore, it appears that nucleosomes are useful for differentiating cancer from healthy individuals in canines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Dolan
- Small Animal Clinical Sciences Department, Texas A&M University, College of Veterinary Medicine, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
| | - Tasha Miller
- Small Animal Clinical Sciences Department, Texas A&M University, College of Veterinary Medicine, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Jarvis Jill
- Small Animal Clinical Sciences Department, Texas A&M University, College of Veterinary Medicine, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Jason Terrell
- Volition America LLC, 13215 Bee Cave Parkway, Galleria Oaks B, Suite 125, Austin, TX, 78738, USA
| | - Theresa Kathleen Kelly
- Volition America LLC, 13215 Bee Cave Parkway, Galleria Oaks B, Suite 125, Austin, TX, 78738, USA
| | - Thomas Bygott
- Volition Diagnostics UK Ltd, 93-95 Gloucester Place, London, W1U 6JQ, UK
| | - Heather Wilson-Robles
- Small Animal Clinical Sciences Department, Texas A&M University, College of Veterinary Medicine, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
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5
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Chalfon C, Martini V, Comazzi S, Aresu L, Stefanello D, Riondato F, Ferrari R, Marconato L. Minimal residual disease in lymph nodes after achievement of complete remission predicts time to relapse in dogs with large B‐cell lymphoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2019; 17:139-146. [DOI: 10.1111/vco.12453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Valeria Martini
- Department of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Milan Milan Italy
| | - Stefano Comazzi
- Department of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Milan Milan Italy
| | - Luca Aresu
- Department of Veterinary ScienceUniversity of Turin Turin Italy
| | | | - Fulvio Riondato
- Department of Veterinary ScienceUniversity of Turin Turin Italy
| | - Roberta Ferrari
- Department of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Milan Milan Italy
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7
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Sato M, Yamazaki J, Goto-Koshino Y, Setoguchi A, Takahashi M, Baba K, Fujino Y, Ohno K, Tsujimoto H. Minimal residual disease in canine lymphoma: An objective marker to assess tumour cell burden in remission. Vet J 2016; 215:38-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2016.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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8
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Marconato L, Polton GA, Sabattini S, Dacasto M, Garden OA, Grant I, Hendrickx T, Henriques J, Lubas G, Morello E, Stefanello D, Comazzi S. Conformity and controversies in the diagnosis, staging and follow-up evaluation of canine nodal lymphoma: a systematic review of the last 15 years of published literature. Vet Comp Oncol 2016; 15:1029-1040. [DOI: 10.1111/vco.12244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - G. A. Polton
- North Downs Specialist Referrals; Bletchingley UK
| | - S. Sabattini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - M. Dacasto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science; University of Padua; Padua Italy
| | - O. A. Garden
- Department of Clinical Science and Services; Immune Regulation Laboratory, Royal Veterinary College; London UK
- Queen Mother Hospital for Animals; Royal Veterinary College; Hatfield UK
| | - I. Grant
- Small Animal Clinical Sciences; School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow; Glasgow UK
| | | | - J. Henriques
- Hospital Veterinário Berna, OnevetGroup; Lisboa Portugal
| | - G. Lubas
- Department of Veterinary Sciences; University of Pisa; Pisa Italy
| | - E. Morello
- Department of Veterinary Sciences; University of Turin; Turin Italy
| | - D. Stefanello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine; University of Milan; Milan Italy
| | - S. Comazzi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine; University of Milan; Milan Italy
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9
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Schöpper I, Ohmura S, Rütgen B, Tsujimoto H, Weber K, Hirschberger J. Melting curve analysis in canine lymphoma by calculating maximum fluorescence decrease. Vet Comp Oncol 2016; 15:563-575. [DOI: 10.1111/vco.12200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- I. Schöpper
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine; Ludwig-Maximilians-University; Munich Germany
| | - S. Ohmura
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine; Ludwig-Maximilians-University; Munich Germany
| | - B. Rütgen
- Department of Pathobiology, Clinical Pathology; University of Veterinary Medicine; Vienna Austria
| | - H. Tsujimoto
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural Life Sciences; The University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - K. Weber
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine; Ludwig-Maximilians-University; Munich Germany
| | - J. Hirschberger
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine; Ludwig-Maximilians-University; Munich Germany
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10
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Hiyoshi-Kanemoto S, Goto-Koshino Y, Fukushima K, Takahashi M, Kanemoto H, Uchida K, Fujino Y, Ohno K, Tsujimoto H. Detection of circulating tumor cells using GeneScan analysis for antigen receptor gene rearrangements in canine lymphoma patients. J Vet Med Sci 2016; 78:877-81. [PMID: 26888583 PMCID: PMC4905848 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.15-0433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) serves as a prognostic marker and
indicator of disease relapse, as well as a means of evaluating treatment efficacy in human
and canine lymphoma patients. As an extension of our previous study for the construction
of clinically useful GeneScan system, we utilized the GeneScan system for detecting CTCs
in canine lymphoma patients. Samples from the primary lesion and peripheral blood
mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained from 32 dogs with lymphoma at initial diagnosis.
All samples were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for antigen receptor gene
rearrangements (PARR) followed by GeneScan analysis. Common clonal rearrangements with
identical amplified fragments were detected in both the primary lesion and PBMCs in 19 of
the 32 dogs (59.4%). However, the detection rate of CTCs varied among the anatomical
classification of lymphoma studied. GeneScan analysis following PARR would facilitate
studies on determining the clinical significance of CTCs in canine lymphoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saaya Hiyoshi-Kanemoto
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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11
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Ohmura S, Leipig M, Schöpper I, Hergt F, Weber K, Rütgen BC, Tsujimoto H, Hermanns W, Hirschberger J. Detection of monoclonality in intestinal lymphoma with polymerase chain reaction for antigen receptor gene rearrangement analysis to differentiate from enteritis in dogs. Vet Comp Oncol 2015; 15:194-207. [PMID: 25988583 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The diagnosis of canine intestinal lymphoma by morphological examination is challenging, especially when endoscopic tissue specimens are used. The utility of detection of antigen receptor gene rearrangement by polymerase chain reaction (PARR) in canine lymphoma has been well established, but its usefulness to distinguish enteritis and intestinal lymphoma remains unclear. In this retrospective study we assessed clonality of 29 primary canine intestinal lymphoma, 14 enteritis and 15 healthy control cases by PARR analysis, using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded full-thickness tissue specimens. We could detect monoclonal rearrangements in 22 of 29 canine intestinal lymphomas [76%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 56-90%] and polyclonal rearrangements in all of the enteritis and healthy control cases (100%; CI 88-100%). We revealed a predominance of T-cell phenotype compared to B-cell phenotype (85%; CI 65-96% and 15%; CI 4-35%, respectively). We showed that PARR analysis contributes to differentiation of canine intestinal lymphoma from enteritis and to phenotyping of lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ohmura
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - M Leipig
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - I Schöpper
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - F Hergt
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - K Weber
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - B C Rütgen
- Department of Pathobiology, Clinical Pathology Platform, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - H Tsujimoto
- Department of Veterinary, Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - W Hermanns
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - J Hirschberger
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
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12
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Alexandrakis I, Tuli R, Ractliffe SC, Tappin SW, Foale RD, Roos A, Slater KJ. Utility of a multiple serum biomarker test to monitor remission status and relapse in dogs with lymphoma undergoing treatment with chemotherapy. Vet Comp Oncol 2014; 15:6-17. [PMID: 25319380 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A blinded retrospective study was conducted to investigate remission and recurrence of lymphoma in dogs receiving chemotherapy. The objective was to compare clinicians' assessment using palpation and cytology to the results of serum biochemical tests for haptoglobin (Hapt) and C-reactive protein (C-RP). These biochemical test results were combined using a diagnostic algorithm developed using data from 344 individual dogs. This multivariate approach, termed the canine lymphoma blood test (cLBT), was used to follow 57 dogs during and after treatment. cLBT of remission and recurrence compared well with clinicians' assessment and differentiated dogs in remission and those with recurring disease before appearance of lymphadenopathy (P < 0.001). The cLBT demonstrated prognostic potential based on pre-treatment values on dogs with shorter survival times and on those achieving the lowest cLBT score during treatment that showed longer survival times. The test, therefore, demonstrates potential to assist in monitoring treatment of canine lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Alexandrakis
- Avacta Animal Health Unit 651, Thorp Arch Estate, Wetherby, LS23 7FZ, UK
| | - R Tuli
- Avacta Animal Health Unit 651, Thorp Arch Estate, Wetherby, LS23 7FZ, UK
| | - S C Ractliffe
- Avacta Animal Health Unit 651, Thorp Arch Estate, Wetherby, LS23 7FZ, UK
| | - S W Tappin
- Dick White Referrals Station Farm, Cambridgeshire, CB8 0UH, United Kingdom
| | - R D Foale
- Dick White Referrals Station Farm, Cambridgeshire, CB8 0UH, United Kingdom
| | - A Roos
- Dierenkliniek Korte Akkeren, Gouda, Netherlands
| | - K J Slater
- Avacta Animal Health Unit 651, Thorp Arch Estate, Wetherby, LS23 7FZ, UK
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13
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Aresu L, Aricò A, Ferraresso S, Martini V, Comazzi S, Riondato F, Giantin M, Dacasto M, Guadagnin E, Frayssinet P, Rouquet N, Drigo M, Marconato L. Minimal residual disease detection by flow cytometry and PARR in lymph node, peripheral blood and bone marrow, following treatment of dogs with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Vet J 2014; 200:318-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Revised: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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14
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Detection of clonal antigen receptor gene rearrangement in dogs with lymphoma by real-time polymerase chain reaction and melting curve analysis. BMC Vet Res 2014; 10:1. [PMID: 24383544 PMCID: PMC3904468 DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-10-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Molecular techniques that detect canine lymphoma cells by their clonal antigen receptor gene rearrangement play an increasing role for diagnosis as well as for monitoring minimal residual disease during and after cytostatic therapy. However, the methods currently available are time-consuming and/or cost-intensive thus impeding the use in clinical routine. The aim of the present study was to develop and evaluate a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with subsequent melting curve analysis (MCA) for the detection of clonally rearranged antigen receptor genes in dogs with B and T cell lymphoma on non formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded lymph node samples. Results In lymph node aspirates from 30 dogs with multicentric B cell lymphoma, real-time PCR with MCA detected clonal rearrangement in 100% and conventional PCR with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) in 93% of samples. Both methods correctly identified clonality in 80% of lymph node aspirates of 10 dogs with T cell lymphoma. None of the two PCR systems detected clonal rearrangement in samples from 9 dogs with lymph node hyperplasia. Using a dilutional series with regular lymphoid desoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), detection limits of lymphoma DNA were as low as 0.8% and 6.25% for B and T cell clonal rearrangement with real-time PCR and MCA and at 3.13% and 12.5% with the conventional system. Median absolute detection limits of lymphoma DNA were shown to be at 0.1 ng and 1 ng for the B and T cell immunophenotype with the real-time PCR system and at 10 ng each with conventional PCR and PAGE. Conclusions Real-time PCR with MCA is a convenient and reliable method with a good analytical sensitivity. Thus, the method may assist the detection of clonal antigen receptor gene rearrangement in canine lymphoma patients in a clinical setting also in the presence of small amounts of neoplastic cells.
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15
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Gentilini F, Turba ME, Forni M. Retrospective monitoring of minimal residual disease using hairpin-shaped clone specific primers in B-cell lymphoma affected dogs. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2013; 153:279-88. [PMID: 23602204 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Revised: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Lymphoma is one of the most common forms of cancer in dogs as it is in humans but, unlike humans, the cure rates in canines are still very low. Despite the fact that high grade B-cell lymphomas are considered to be chemotherapy responsive, almost all treated dogs ultimately relapse and die due to the residual malignant lymphocytes, namely minimal residual disease (MRD). It would be extremely valuable for clinicians to detect, monitor and quantify MRD for risk group stratification, effective treatment intervention and outcome prediction. The PCRs targeting the Ig gene rearrangements constitute one of the most reliable tools to this end. We have recently validated a method which exploits hairpin-shaped primers for quantifying MRD. In the present study, that method is conveniently used for retrospectively monitoring MRD in the peripheral blood of 8 dogs diagnosed with B-cell lymphoma who underwent chemotherapy. All dogs attained complete remission. The median disease-free interval was 254.5 days (range 63-774) while the median survival time was 313.5 days (range 143-817 days). At admission, all dogs, except one which had already been treated with prednisone, had circulating neoplastic cells. All dogs attained complete remission (CR) which was almost always matched with a complete MRD response. The persistence of MRD despite apparent CR indicated a worse prognosis and a short duration of CR. Finally, the relapse is consistently anticipated by the reappearance of MRD in the peripheral blood. The study confirmed the suitability of an MRD monitoring assay as a clinical decision-making tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Gentilini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy.
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16
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The prognostic significance of minimal residual disease in the early phases of chemotherapy in dogs with high-grade B-cell lymphoma. Vet J 2013; 195:319-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2012.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2011] [Revised: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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17
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Hematopoietic Tumors. WITHROW AND MACEWEN'S SMALL ANIMAL CLINICAL ONCOLOGY 2013. [PMCID: PMC7161412 DOI: 10.1016/b978-1-4377-2362-5.00032-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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18
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Allenspach K. Clinical immunology and immunopathology of the canine and feline intestine. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2011; 41:345-60. [PMID: 21486640 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2011.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The mucosal immune system is at the forefront of defense against invading pathogens, but at the same time, it must maintain tolerance toward commensals and food antigens in the intestinal lumen. The interplay between the innate immune response and commensal microorganisms is essential to maintaining this balance. Great progress has been made in identifying some of the genetic predispositions underlying inflammatory bowel disease in certain breeds, such as the German shepherd dog. Several immunologic markers are discussed with respect to their clinical usefulness in the diagnosis and management of inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Allenspach
- Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms AL9 7PT, UK.
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Bienzle D, Vernau W. The Diagnostic Assessment of Canine Lymphoma: Implications for Treatment. Clin Lab Med 2011; 31:21-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cll.2010.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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