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Bisiau C, Moffett P, Graham J, McCue P. Comparison of Nanoparticles and Single-Layer Centrifugation for Separation of Dead from Live Stallion Spermatozoa. Vet Sci 2024; 11:307. [PMID: 39057991 PMCID: PMC11281328 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11070307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The goal of this study was to compare the efficacy of coated iron-core nanoparticles and single-layer centrifugation for separation of dead from live stallion spermatozoa. Our hypothesis was that nanoparticles would bind to dead sperm and allow for separation from live sperm using a magnet, resulting in a population of spermatozoa with a high percentage of total and progressive motility. Treatment Group 1 was an untreated control. Treatment Group 2 (nanoparticles, NP) utilized sperm incubated with nanoparticles followed by application of a magnet to remove dead sperm adhered to the coated nanoparticles. Treatment Group 3 (single-layer centrifugation, SLC) layered sperm above EquiPure™ followed by centrifugation. Semen samples were subsequently evaluated for sperm motility parameters, plasma membrane integrity, acrosome status, and morphology. The SLC technique yielded higher (p < 0.05) progressive motility (76 ± 9.2%) than the NP separation technique (59 ± 12.2%) or the untreated control (47.3 ± 5.1%). However, the total number of sperm recovered was higher (p < 0.05) in the NP technique (526.2 ± 96.6 × 106) than the SLC procedure (211.7 ± 70 × 106), yielding a higher total number of progressively motile sperm (317.6 ± 109 × 106) recovered using the NP technique than the SLC technique (157.8 ± 43.6 × 106). The percentage of live, acrosome intact sperm recovered was higher for SLC than NP. In summary, the SLC technique yielded a higher percentage of sperm motility, intact plasma membranes, and acrosome integrity, but yielded lower total sperm than with the nanoparticle separation technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bisiau
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Paula Moffett
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (P.M.); (J.G.)
| | - James Graham
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (P.M.); (J.G.)
| | - Patrick McCue
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
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2
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Nunes MM, Morrell JM, Santos FCC, Miragaya MH, Gallelli MF, Rodriguez M, Guimarães JD. Effect of storage and single layer centrifugation before cryopreservation on stallion sperm cryosurvival. J Equine Vet Sci 2024; 135:105046. [PMID: 38503353 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2024.105046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of a short, cooled storage before cryopreservation on sperm progressive motility (PM) and compare the effect of different centrifugation methods on post-thaw PM of stored samples. Semen was diluted in chilling extender and aliquoted in 6 protocols: i) Standard centrifugation (SC) followed by freezing; ii) Single Layer Centrifugation (SLC) followed by freezing; iii) Storage for 8 h/5 °C before SC; iv) Storage for 8 h/5 °C before SLC; v) Storage for 8 h/15 °C before SC; and vi) Storage for 8 h/15 °C before SLC. PM was assessed before centrifugation, after centrifugation, and post-thawing. Stallions were classified as "good freezers" (GF) or "bad freezers" (BF). The PM in samples immediately frozen was greater than in the stored ones (71.98 ± 14.2, 52.91 ± 17.8, 53.93 ± 18.9 for no storage, 5 ºC storage and 15 ºC storage, respectively) (P˂ 0.0001). There was an effect of storage condition (p ˂ 0.0001), centrifugation method (p ˂ 0.0001), and freezability (P=0.0016), with an interaction between them (P= 0.0004), on PM after centrifugation. Post-thaw PM was greater in samples treated by SLC than in samples processed by SC, for all storage conditions (p ˂ 0.05). All BF stallions 'showed post-thaw PM ˂ 30 % when samples were previously stored. Storage at 5 ºC or 15º C for 8 h maintains an appropriate quality in GF stallions. Applying a sperm selection technique as SLC is suggested to improve post-thaw motility, allowing GF straws to be frozen after storage, although BF semen should be prepared by SLC immediately after collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Nunes
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, Minas Gerais (MG), Brasil; German Standard Group (GSG), Dubai, UAE
| | - J M Morrell
- Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - F C C Santos
- Universidade Federal dos Vales Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Brasil
| | - M H Miragaya
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Argentina
| | - M F Gallelli
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - M Rodriguez
- Área de Estadística, Departamento SAMP, Facultad de Cs. Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Tandil, Argentina
| | - J D Guimarães
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, Minas Gerais (MG), Brasil
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Gutiérrez-Cepeda L, Crespo F, Blazquez JC, Serres C. Optimization of the Equine-Sperm Freeze Test in Purebred Spanish Horses by Incorporating Colloidal Centrifugation. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13030382. [PMID: 36766271 PMCID: PMC9913238 DOI: 10.3390/ani13030382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The Purebred Spanish Horse, according to our clinical experience, is characterized by having a high number of stallions that do not meet the international commercial recommendations for equine-sperm cryopreservation. This means that artificial insemination with frozen semen from these stallions is less widespread than in other breeds. In this study, we investigated if the incorporation of single-layer colloidal centrifugation prior to cryopreservation in clinical conditions could increase the number of ejaculates of Purebred Spanish stallions suitable for this processing, observing the influence of centrifugation and freezing extender protocol on post-thawed sperm motility. Using colloidal centrifugation, the percentage of ejaculates available to be frozen was increased from 35% (6/17) to 71% (12/17), doubling the number of samples that could have been subjected to cryopreservation. We only found significant differences in linearity (LIN) and lateral head displacement (ALH) after 5 min of incubation at 37 °C between colloidal and simple centrifugation processing techniques. No significant differences were found between the two different colloidal protocols in any of the variables considered. Colloidal centrifugation allowed us to obtain, from worse fresh-quality ejaculates, thawed sperm doses with similar quality to that of good-quality ejaculates. BotuCrio® produced, in general, higher motility parameters and its characteristics than the other extenders analyzed, with significant differences found in comparison to Inra-Freeze® and Lac-Edta in both total (MOT) and progressive motility (PMOT) when using colloidal centrifugation and only in PMOT when applying simple centrifugation. Colloidal centrifugation optimized the efficiency of cryopreservation, as it allowed us to increase the number of ejaculates of Purebred Spanish Horses suitable to be frozen. Including these semen processing techniques in the freeze test could help to optimize equine-sperm cryopreservation protocols, especially when dealing with individuals or breeds for which initially low sperm quality prevents or limits their inclusion in sperm cryopreservation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luna Gutiérrez-Cepeda
- Animal Medicine and Surgery Department, Veterinary Faculty, UCM, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Francisco Crespo
- Centro Militar de Cría Caballar (CCFAA), C/Arsenio Gutiérrez Palacios s/n, 05005 Ávila, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Blazquez
- Centro Militar de Cría Caballar (CCFAA), C/Arsenio Gutiérrez Palacios s/n, 05005 Ávila, Spain
| | - Consuelo Serres
- Animal Medicine and Surgery Department, Veterinary Faculty, UCM, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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4
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Domain G, Ali Hassan H, Wydooghe E, Bogado Pascottini O, Johannisson A, Morrell JM, Niżański W, Van Soom A. Influence of Single Layer Centrifugation with Canicoll on Semen Freezability in Dogs. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12060714. [PMID: 35327111 PMCID: PMC8944562 DOI: 10.3390/ani12060714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Freezing dog semen is not always possible due to low quality sperm or poor survival during freezing. In order to make this assisted reproductive technique available to a larger number of dogs, this study investigated the benefit of selecting the best spermatozoa before freezing using single layer centrifugation (SLC). The results indicated that this technique was effective in separating spermatozoa according to their quality, although this resulted in losing some good quality spermatozoa. After thawing, spermatozoa centrifuged by SLC were of better quality than after standard centrifugation. However, spermatozoa from suboptimal quality semen did not survive freezing as well as spermatozoa from semen of optimal quality, even after SLC. Single layer centrifugation, therefore, makes it possible to obtain better quality spermatozoa after thawing but is not sufficient on its own to improve the inferior freezing ability of spermatozoa from suboptimal quality semen. So far, eighteen pups were born after insemination with SLC-selected frozen-thawed semen, proving that these selected spermatozoa remain fertile. Abstract This study evaluated how semen selection by single layer centrifugation (SLC) with Canicoll affects semen freezability in dogs. A total of eighteen ejaculates, collected from dogs with optimal and suboptimal semen quality (optimal: normal morphology (NM) ≥ 80%, n = 9; suboptimal: NM between 60 and 79%, n = 9), were divided into two aliquots and subjected to standard centrifugation or SLC before cryopreservation. Motility, NM, membrane integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and DNA integrity were improved in fresh samples after SLC, regardless of semen quality, but at the expense of some good quality spermatozoa. After thawing, NM and membrane integrity were improved in SLC-selected semen in both semen qualities. Interestingly, MMP was also higher but only in optimal quality semen. Still, spermatozoa from suboptimal quality semen did not survive freezing to the same extent as spermatozoa from optimal quality semen, even after selecting superior spermatozoa. Semen selection with Canicoll is, therefore, an effective technique to isolate a subpopulation of high-quality spermatozoa and obtain sperm samples of better quality after thawing, but is not sufficient to improve the intrinsic inferior freezability of suboptimal quality semen. So far, eighteen pups were born after insemination with SLC-selected frozen-thawed semen, proving that these selected spermatozoa remain fertile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Domain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (H.A.H.); (E.W.); (O.B.P.); (A.V.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Hiba Ali Hassan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (H.A.H.); (E.W.); (O.B.P.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Eline Wydooghe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (H.A.H.); (E.W.); (O.B.P.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini
- Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (H.A.H.); (E.W.); (O.B.P.); (A.V.S.)
- Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Anders Johannisson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Reproduction, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 756-51 Uppsala, Sweden; (A.J.); (J.M.M.)
| | - Jane M. Morrell
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Reproduction, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 756-51 Uppsala, Sweden; (A.J.); (J.M.M.)
| | - Wojciech Niżański
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, University of Environmental Science, Grundwaldzki Square 49, 50-357 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Ann Van Soom
- Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (H.A.H.); (E.W.); (O.B.P.); (A.V.S.)
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Zuidema D, Kerns K, Sutovsky P. An Exploration of Current and Perspective Semen Analysis and Sperm Selection for Livestock Artificial Insemination. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:3563. [PMID: 34944339 PMCID: PMC8698075 DOI: 10.3390/ani11123563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Artificial insemination of livestock has been a staple technology for producers worldwide for over sixty years. This reproductive technology has allowed for the rapid improvement of livestock genetics, most notably in dairy cattle and pigs. This field has experienced continuous improvements over the last six decades. Though much work has been carried out to improve the efficiency of AI, there are still many areas which continue to experience improvement, including semen analysis procedures, sperm selection techniques, sperm sexing technologies, and semen storage methods. Additionally, the use of AI continues to grow in beef cattle, horses, and small ruminants as the technology continues to become more efficient and yield higher pregnancy rates. In this review, AI trends in the various livestock species as well as cutting edge improvements in the aforementioned areas will be discussed at length. Future work will continue to refine the protocols which are used for AI and continue to increase pregnancy rates within all livestock species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalen Zuidema
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (D.Z.); (K.K.)
| | - Karl Kerns
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (D.Z.); (K.K.)
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Peter Sutovsky
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (D.Z.); (K.K.)
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women’s Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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6
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Morrell JM, Karlsson Warring S, Norrestam E, Malo C, Huanca W. Non-enzymatic extraction of spermatozoa from alpaca ejaculates by pipetting followed by colloid centrifugation. Livest Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2021.104627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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7
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Guillén Palomino CY, Fumuso FG, Bertuzzi ML, Giuliano SM, Velásquez González N, Bariani MV, Carretero MI. Use of Androcoll-E TM to Separate Frozen-Thawed Llama Sperm From Seminal Plasma and Diluent. Front Vet Sci 2021; 7:594926. [PMID: 33585592 PMCID: PMC7874046 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.594926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is not easy to separate frozen-thawed South American camelid sperm from seminal plasma (SP) and diluents to be used for in vitro embryo production. The objective of this study was to evaluate Androcoll-E™ (AE) efficiency to separate llama sperm from SP and freezing extender in frozen-thawed semen. A total of 22 ejaculates from five Lama glama males were collected using electroejaculation. After performing semen analysis (sperm motility, concentration, viability, membrane function, and acrosome integrity), samples were cryopreserved with a diluent containing lactose, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), egg yolk, and 7% dimethylformamide. After thawing, samples were divided in aliquots, one of which was used as a control and the others processed by AE. Experiment 1 (12 ejaculates): 100 μl of frozen-thawed semen was placed on top of 1,000 μl AE column and centrifuged at 800 g for 10 min. Experiment 2 (10 ejaculates): two samples of 100 μl of frozen-thawed semen were placed on two columns of 500 μl AE each, and both were centrifuged at 800 g for 10 and 20 min, respectively. Pellets were resuspended in Tyrode's albumin lactate pyruvate (TALP) medium, and sperm parameters were evaluated. A significant decrease in all sperm parameters was observed in thawed samples compared to raw semen. AE allowed the separation of frozen-thawed sperm from SP and freezing extender independently from the height of the column used and time of centrifugation assayed. Although no significant differences were found between AE columns, higher sperm recovery was observed with 500 μl of AE coupled with 20 min of centrifugation. Despite the significant decrease observed in sperm motility in AE samples, no changes in sperm viability, membrane function, and acrosome integrity were observed when comparing control thawed semen with the sperm recovered after AE (p > 0.05). The use of AE columns, either 500 or 1,000 μl, allows the separation of frozen-thawed llama sperm from SP and freezing extender, preserving the viability, membrane function, and acrosome integrity. Of the protocols studied, 800 g centrifugation during 20 min using a 500 μl column of AE would be the method of choice to process frozen-thawed llama semen destined for reproductive biotechnologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crissthel Yverlin Guillén Palomino
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Reproductiva, Estación Experimental Agraria Canaán, Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria (INIA-Ayacucho), La Molina, Perú
| | - Fernanda Gabriela Fumuso
- Cátedra de Teriogenología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Lucía Bertuzzi
- Cátedra de Teriogenología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Susana María Giuliano
- Cátedra de Teriogenología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nicolás Velásquez González
- Cátedra de Teriogenología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Victoria Bariani
- Cátedra de Teriogenología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Ignacia Carretero
- Cátedra de Teriogenología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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8
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Szlendak J, Adler C, Scherzer J, Niwinska A, Kautz E, Faundez R. Does single-layer centrifugation with Bovicoll improve sperm quality of frozen-thawed semen in Fleckvieh bulls? Reprod Domest Anim 2020; 55:691-700. [PMID: 32133677 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of sperm selection by single-layer centrifugation (SLC) performed before freezing on sperm quality after thawing of Fleckvieh bull semen. Ejaculates from 22 bulls were collected by artificial vagina and divided into two aliquots. One aliquot (control sample) was diluted with Steridyl® and frozen over nitrogen vapour in a Digitcool freezer (IMV Technologies). Sperm from the second aliquot (SLC sample) was selected using the SLC technique with Bovicoll colloid and then frozen over nitrogen vapour in a Digitcool freezer. After thawing, both samples (control and SLC) were evaluated by computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA; SCA 6.4 System; Microptic S.L) for sperm motility parameters. Integrity of the plasma membrane (viability), high mitochondrial membrane potential (HMMP) and acrosome integrity were assessed using a Guava® easyCyte flow cytometer (IMV Technologies). Morphological examination of spermatozoa was performed by Differential Interference Contrast microscopy (Leica DMi8). Morphological examination of live, immobilized spermatozoa was analysed under high magnification (≥6,600×). After thawing, the mean sperm viability of the control sample was 51.57%, compared to 40.37% for the SLC sample (p < .01). HMMP was higher (p < .01) in the control sample (40.37% versus 28.96%), and the mean of live spermatozoa with damaged acrosome was significantly higher (p < .03) in the SLC sample (1.63% versus 1.95%). The mean percentage of motile spermatozoa was 80.17% in the control sample, compared to 75.14% in the SLC sample (p < .0195), and rapid subpopulation reduced from 20.08% to 8.99% (p < .0001) after SLC. Percentage of hyperactivated sperm decreased from 12.23% to 4.28% (p < .0001) after SLC. Given the overall results, the sperm quality of thawed Fleckvieh bull semen was not improved when sperm were selected by SLC before freezing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Szlendak
- Department of Large Animal Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences WULS - SGGW, Warsaw, Poland.,Bayern-Genetik GmbH, Kumhausen, Germany
| | | | | | - Anna Niwinska
- Department of Large Animal Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences WULS - SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Kautz
- Department of Large Animal Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences WULS - SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ricardo Faundez
- Department of Large Animal Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences WULS - SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
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Morrell JM. Effect of colloid centrifugation on boar sperm quality during storage and function in in vitro fertilization. Theriogenology 2019; 137:122-126. [PMID: 31176492 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ejaculates contain a heterogeneous population of spermatozoa with differing ability to fertilize. It may be possible to reduce the numbers of spermatozoa required for artificial insemination or in vitro fertilization by selecting the sperm sub-population that possesses certain desired characteristics. This review describes what is meant by sperm quality, mentions different methods of sperm selection and then describes the effect of sperm selection by colloid centrifugation on boar sperm quality, both quality during storage and functionality in in vitro fertilization. Several versions of the technique known as Single Layer Centrifugation are available depending on the volume of ejaculate to be processed. Semen can be processed in volumes ranging from 0.25 to 150 mL, in suitably sized tubes. Processing small volumes of semen (0.25 mL on 1 mL colloid) is best done in a 15 mL tube, since the area of the interface between the semen and colloid is greater than in a 1.5 mL microcentrifuge tube. Potential uses of this processing technique are described, such as conservation breeding of rare breeds and removal of pathogens. Reducing the bacterial load in semen by single layer centrifugation though a low density colloid could provide an alternative to the use of antibiotics in semen extenders, and is an interesting development.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Morrell
- Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Box 7054, SE-75007, Uppsala, Sweden.
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10
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Reduction of Trypanosoma equiperdum from equine semen by single layer centrifugation. Exp Parasitol 2019; 200:79-83. [PMID: 30953625 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Trypanosoma equiperdum (T. equiperdum) causes dourine, a venereally transmitted infection in horses. Purification of semen by single layer centrifugation (SLC) has been proven to be successful in reducing venereally transmitted diseases when dealing with other pathogens. The objective of this study was to evaluate the purification of T. equiperdum spiked semen by SLC. Semen was spiked using cryopreserved T. equiperdum stabilates (Dodola strain isolate 943). In total, 6 concentrations, varying from 102 to >5 × 106 trypanosomes, were added to semen samples. Subsequently, SLC was performed following standard procedures. The presence of the parasite in the purified semen was checked by wet smear examination, ITS1 PCR and in vivo inoculation in mice. Before SLC, all spiked semen samples, except the negative controls, were positive on PCR analysis. After SLC, all the pellets were found to be negative for T. equiperdum on microscopic examinations. Examination of the pellet by PCR could also not detect any parasite-DNA in the SLC-pellet of semen spiked with the lower number of parasites (102 to104 trypanosomes). However, in the SLC pellets spiked with 104 - 5 × 104 trypanosomes, only 1 out of the 4 replicates was negative for parasite DNA. All groups spiked with >5 × 104 trypanosomes were found to be positive on PCR. All mice in the positive controls exhibited parasitaemia (5/5). Mice inoculated with SLC-purified semen that was spiked with lower than 5 × 104 trypanosomes, remained free of parasitaemia, similar to the negative controls. However inoculation with SLC-pellets from samples with a higher number of trypanosomes (>5 × 104 - 5 × 106 and > 5 × 106), induced parasitaemia in 2 out of 5 and 3 out of 5 mice, respectively. This study indicates that single layer centrifugation can be used to clear T. equiperdum infected semen but that the success is dependent on the number of parasites.
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11
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Al-Essawe EM, Wallgren M, Wulf M, Aurich C, Macías-García B, Sjunnesson Y, Morrell JM. Seminal plasma influences the fertilizing potential of cryopreserved stallion sperm. Theriogenology 2018; 115:99-107. [PMID: 29747159 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Seminal plasma (SP) contains proteins that may influence cryosurvival and prevent capacitation-like changes due to freezing and thawing. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of adding pooled SP from "good" (GF) or "bad" (BF) freezer stallions on sperm cells' fertilizing ability. "Good freezers" refers to stallions that usually produce ejaculates which can withstand cryopreservation, whilst "bad freezer" stallions produce ejaculates which cannot tolerate the freezing process. A heterologous zona binding assay with in vitro matured bovine oocytes was used to assess the binding ability of equine sperm cells as a possible alternative to artificial insemination trials. The effect of adding SP i) prior to cryopreservation; ii) after thawing of sperm cells selected by single layer centrifugation (SLC); iii) to capacitation medium, was evaluated. Adding SP from GF stallions prior to cryopreservation reduced the mean number of sperm cells bound to the zona pellucida (ZP) compared to control (P = 0.0003), SP-free sperm cells and group received SP from BF stallions (P ≤ 0.0001 for both). After thawing SLC-selected sperm cells treated with 5% SP showed a decrease in binding ability compared with SP-free sperm cells (P ≤ 0.0001). The binding affinity of sperm cells was higher in the group treated with SP from GF than with SP from BF stallions (P ≤ 0.05). Prolonged exposure to SP impaired the ability of stallion sperm cells to undergo capacitation and bind to ZP, regardless of the source of SP (P ≤ 0.0001). The response of equine sperm cells to SP is influenced by the ability of the sperm cells to withstand cryopreservation and is affected by the timing of exposure and the origin of SP. Customization of the protocol for individual stallions is recommended to optimize the effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essraa M Al-Essawe
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden; Al-Nahrain University - High Institute of Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Technologies, Clinical Reproductive Physiology, Baghdad, Iraq.
| | - Margareta Wallgren
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Manuela Wulf
- Graf Lehndorff Institute for Equine Sciences, Vetmeduni Vienna, Austria, and Neustadt (Dosse), Germany.
| | - Christine Aurich
- Artificial Insemination and Embryo Transfer, Department for Small Animals and Horses, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Beatriz Macías-García
- Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre (CCMIJU), Assisted Reproduction Unit, Cáceres, Spain.
| | - Ylva Sjunnesson
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Jane M Morrell
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Brom-de-Luna JG, Canesin HS, Wright G, Hinrichs K. Culture of somatic cells isolated from frozen-thawed equine semen using fluorescence-assisted cell sorting. Anim Reprod Sci 2018; 190:10-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2017.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Roels K, Smits K, Ververs C, Govaere J, D'Herde K, Van Soom A. Blastocyst production after intracytoplasmic sperm injection with semen from a stallion with testicular degeneration. Reprod Domest Anim 2018; 53:814-817. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.13153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Roels
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Ghent University; Merelbeke Belgium
| | - K Smits
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Ghent University; Merelbeke Belgium
| | - C Ververs
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Ghent University; Merelbeke Belgium
| | - J Govaere
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Ghent University; Merelbeke Belgium
| | - K D'Herde
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; Ghent University; Merelbeke Belgium
| | - A Van Soom
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Ghent University; Merelbeke Belgium
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14
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Al-Essawe EM, Johannisson A, Wulf M, Aurich C, Morrell JM. Improved cryosurvival of stallion spermatozoa after colloid centrifugation is independent of the addition of seminal plasma. Cryobiology 2018; 81:145-152. [PMID: 29397923 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Addition of seminal plasma (SP) prior to cryopreservation may influence stallion sperm cryosurvival. The objective of this study was to investigate the addition of pooled SP from "good" or "bad" freezer stallions to spermatozoa selected by single layer centrifugation (SLC) prior to cryopreservation on post-thaw sperm quality. Semen from 12 stallions was collected; 5 mL was frozen as control (C) and the remainder was processed by SLC to remove SP and was divided into three aliquots: i) SLC sample without SP (SLC); ii) SLC plus pooled SP from "good freezer" stallions (SLC-GF); iii) SLC plus pooled SP from "bad freezer" stallions (SLC-BF). After thawing, the following parameters were evaluated: chromatin integrity (DNA fragmentation index; %DFI), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), membrane integrity (MI), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and sperm kinematics. The %DFI was reduced (P < 0.0001) in SLC samples compared to controls. The SLC group showed a lower proportion of spermatozoa with low MMP and a higher proportion of spermatozoa with high MMP than other groups (P < 0.0001), and had lower hydrogen peroxide content than control. Sperm kinematics were not different. In conclusion, selection by SLC prior to cryopreservation improved post-thaw sperm quality; inclusion of SP from "good" and "bad" freezer stallions did not have an additional beneficial effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essraa M Al-Essawe
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden; Al-Nahrain University - High Institute of Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Technologies, Clinical Reproductive Physiology, Baghdad, Iraq.
| | - Anders Johannisson
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Manuela Wulf
- Graf Lehndorff-Institute for Equine Sciences, Neustadt/Dosse, Germany.
| | | | - Jane M Morrell
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
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15
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Malo C, Crichton EG, Morrell JM, Pukazhenthi BS, Johannisson A, Splan R, Skidmore JA. Colloid centrifugation of fresh semen improves post-thaw quality of cryopreserved dromedary camel spermatozoa. Anim Reprod Sci 2018. [PMID: 29525206 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Colloids have been successfully used in a number of species to improve sperm populations for IVF and for cryopreservation The usefulness of Single Layer Centrifugation (SLC) for freezing dromedary camel spermatozoa in two different extenders was evaluated by examining the motility, viability, acrosome status, DNA integrity, and ability of cryopreserved sperm to penetrate oocytes in vitro in a heterologus IVF system. Two ejaculates from each of five males were divided into four aliquots: two were processed by SLC (selected) while two were centrifuged without colloid (control). Pellets were cryopreserved in Green Buffer or INRA-96® containing 3% glycerol and evaluated at 0 and 1 h post thawed. The SLC improved post-thaw total and progressive motility at 0 (both P < 0.0001) and 1 (P < 0.001; P < 0.01, respectively) h, and STR (both P < 0.05) and BCF (both P < 0.001) at 0 h. Sperm viability and acrosome integrity (both P < 0.001) were improved at both time points. Sperm frozen in Green Buffer had greater total and progressive motilities at 0 (both P < 0.001) and 1 (both P < 0.001) h than INRA-96® samples. Spermatozoa in Green Buffer also had a greater VAP, VCL and VSL at 0 h and improved viability and acrosome integrity at 0 h (P < 0.05; P = 0.001, respectively) and 1 h (P < 0.05; P < 0.001, respectively). Viability of SLC spermatozoa was improved in Green Buffer at 1 h (P < 0.05). Oocyte penetration (P < 0.05) and pronuclear formation (P < 0.01) were greater with SLC-selected spermatozoa than non-selected spermatozoa, regardless of extender. No difference was observed between treatments or extenders in the mean number of spermatozoa per oocyte penetrated. The SLC spermatozoa had less (P < 0.01) DNA fragmentation compared to controls. The DNA fragmentation was moderately and negatively correlated with penetration (r = -0.4162; P = 0.02) and pronuclear formation (r = -0.3390; P < 0.01). In conclusion, colloid centrifugation of spermatozoa and cryopreservation in Green Buffer improves post thaw motility variables and IVF performance of dromedary camel spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Malo
- Camel Reproduction Center, P.O. Box 79914, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
| | | | - Jane M Morrell
- Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Box 7054, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Budhan S Pukazhenthi
- Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA 22630, USA
| | - Anders Johannisson
- Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Box 7054, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rebecca Splan
- Department of Animal Science, Sul Ross State University, Alpine, TX 79832, USA
| | - Julian A Skidmore
- Camel Reproduction Center, P.O. Box 79914, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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Abstract
Many biotechnologies are currently used in livestock breeding with the aim of improving reproductive efficiency and increasing the rate of genetic progress in production animals. Semen cryopreservation is the most widely used cryobiotechnology, although vitrification techniques now allow embryos and oocytes to be banked in ever-increasing numbers. Cryopreservation of other types of germplasm (reproductive tissue in general) is also possible, although the techniques are still in the early stages of development for use in livestock species. Although still in their infancy, these techniques are increasingly being used in aquaculture. Germplasm conservation enables reproductive tissues from both animals and fish to be preserved to generate offspring in the future without having to maintain large numbers of living populations of these species. However, such measures need careful planning and coordination. This review explains why the preservation of genetic diversity is needed for livestock and fish, and describes some of the issues involved in germplasm banking. Furthermore, some recent developments in semen handling leading to improved semen cryopreservation and biosecurity measures are also discussed.
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17
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Hidalgo M, Ortiz I, Dorado J, Morrell JM, Gosálvez J, Consuegra C, Diaz-Jimenez M, Pereira B, Crespo F. Stallion sperm selection prior to freezing using a modified colloid swim-up procedure without centrifugation. Anim Reprod Sci 2017; 185:83-88. [PMID: 28827080 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to: 1) develop a new method for stallion sperm selection using a modified swim-up procedure through a colloid and 2) evaluate its impact in good quality ejaculates from bad freezers in comparison to methods involving centrifugation such as single layer centrifugation and sperm washing. Ejaculates were processed before freezing using three different procedures: sperm washing (SW), colloid single layer centrifugation (SLC) and a modified colloid swim-up (SU). After semen processing, sperm recovery rates were measured and sperm were frozen. Post-thaw sperm motility (assessed by computer-assisted sperm analysis), normal forms and plasma membrane integrity (evaluated under bright-field and fluorescence microscopy respectively), and DNA fragmentation (assessed by the Sperm-Halomax kit) were compared between treatments. Sperm recovery rates were similar between SU and SLC but lower than SW. Sperm motility after thawing was lower in SU in comparison to SLC and SW, maybe due to the incomplete removal of seminal plasma before freezing. Sperm DNA fragmentation was lower in SU and SLC selection methods, particularly in SLC selected samples during the first 6h of incubation. The remaining sperm parameters assessed were similar among treatments. In conclusion, SLC is more suitable than SW and SU to process stallion semen prior to freezing, in particular when sperm DNA damage is suspected. Further studies are needed in order to determine the potential benefits of SU in samples where centrifugation is not necessary, such as epididymal sperm, ejaculate fractioning or post-thaw semen samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hidalgo
- Veterinary Reproduction Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cordoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - I Ortiz
- Veterinary Reproduction Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cordoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - J Dorado
- Veterinary Reproduction Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cordoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - J M Morrell
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Reproduction, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7054, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J Gosálvez
- Department of Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - C Consuegra
- Veterinary Reproduction Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cordoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - M Diaz-Jimenez
- Veterinary Reproduction Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cordoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - B Pereira
- Veterinary Reproduction Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cordoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - F Crespo
- Department of Reproduction, Centro Militar de Cría Caballar (FESCCR-Ministry of Defense), Ávila, Spain
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18
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Santiago-Moreno J, Esteso M, Castaño C, Toledano-Díaz A, Delgadillo J, López-Sebastián A. Seminal plasma removal by density-gradient centrifugation is superior for goat sperm preservation compared with classical sperm washing. Anim Reprod Sci 2017; 181:141-150. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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19
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Morrell JM, Nunes MM. Practical guide to single layer centrifugation of stallion semen. EQUINE VET EDUC 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.12658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. M. Morrell
- Clinical Sciences; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Uppsala Sweden
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20
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Gloria A, Carluccio A, Wegher L, Robbe D, Befacchia G, Contri A. Single and double layer centrifugation improve the quality of cryopreserved bovine sperm from poor quality ejaculates. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2016; 7:30. [PMID: 27158492 PMCID: PMC4858911 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-016-0088-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Density gradient centrifugation was reported as a technique of semen preparation in assisted reproductive techniques in humans and animals. This technique was found to be efficient in improving semen quality after harmful techniques such as cryopreservation. Recently a modified technique, single layer centrifugation, was proposed as a technique providing a large amount of high quality spermatozoa, and this treatment was performed before conservation. Single layer centrifugation has been studied prevalently in stallions and in boars, but limited data were available for bulls. Occasionally bulls are known to experience a transient reduction in semen quality, thus techniques that allow improvement in semen quality could be applied in this context. The aim of this study was the evaluation of single layer and double layer centrifugation by the use of iodixanol, compared with conventional centrifugation and non-centrifuged semen, on the sperm characteristics during the cryopreservation process in bulls with normal and poor semen quality. Results Single layer centrifugation and double layer centrifugation both significantly increased the percentage of normal spermatozoa and decreased the percentage of non-sperm cells in poor quality samples, while both were ineffective in those of normal quality. Sperm characteristics in poor quality samples increased after single layer centrifugation and double layer centrifugation, reaching values similar to those recorded in normal samples, and this trend is maintained after equilibration and after cryopreservation. On the other hand, SLC and DLC resulted in a consistent reduction in the spermatozoa recovered, and this resulted in a reduction of the absolute amount of spermatozoa cryopreserved in the normal samples, without a clear improvement in sperm characteristics in this type of sample. Conclusions These data suggested that both SLC and DLC could be performed in practice, but their application should be limited to the cases in which the quality of the spermatozoa recovered is more important than the total amount of spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Gloria
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D'Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Augusto Carluccio
- Provincial Breeders Federation of Trento, Via delle Bettine 40, 38121 Trento, Italy
| | - Laura Wegher
- Provincial Breeders Federation of Trento, Via delle Bettine 40, 38121 Trento, Italy
| | - Domenico Robbe
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D'Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Befacchia
- Associazione Regionale Allevatori d'Abruzzo (ARA), S.S. 17 Est loc., Onna, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Alberto Contri
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D'Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy
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Mari G, Bucci D, Love C, Mislei B, Rizzato G, Giaretta E, Merlo B, Spinaci M. Effect of cushioned or single layer semen centrifugation before sex sorting on frozen stallion semen quality. Theriogenology 2015; 83:953-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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22
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Heutelbeck A, Oldenhof H, Rohn K, Martinsson G, Morrell JM, Sieme H. Use of density centrifugation for delayed cryopreservation of stallion sperm: perform sperm selection directly after collection or after storage? Reprod Domest Anim 2014; 50:76-83. [PMID: 25400025 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Equipment for cryopreservation of stallion sperm is not always available. In such cases, diluted semen can be shipped to a facility for later cryopreservation. The aim of this study was to evaluate if selection of sperm via density centrifugation yields higher survival rates when cryopreservation is to be delayed (i.e. carried out after 1 day of storage at 5°C). Two-layer iodixanol as well as single-layer Androcoll density centrifugation were tested and compared with samples prepared with standard centrifugation. Special emphasis was placed on comparing centrifugation on the day of semen collection with centrifugation after 1-day refrigerated storage. Sperm morphology and motility as well as membrane and chromatin integrity were evaluated before and after centrifugation. Sperm motility and membrane integrity were also assessed after cryopreservation. It was found that both two- and single-layer density centrifugation processing resulted in higher percentages of morphologically normal and motile sperm with higher membrane and chromatin integrity, as compared to standard centrifugation or diluted samples. Differences were only in the order of magnitude of 5%. Recovery rates after density centrifugation were only approximately 30-40%. When cryopreservation was carried out after 1-day refrigerated storage, centrifugation processing of sperm directly after semen collection resulted in higher percentages of plasma membrane intact sperm post-thaw as compared to performing centrifugation processing of stored sperm just prior to cryopreservation. No significant differences in progressively motile sperm post-thaw were seen. Taken together, for delayed cryopreservation, it is best to perform density centrifugation directly after collection rather than immediately prior to cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Heutelbeck
- Clinic for Horses - Unit for Reproductive Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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23
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Yulnawati Y, Abraham MC, Laskowski D, Johannisson A, Morrell JM. Changes in bull sperm kinematics after single layer centrifugation. Reprod Domest Anim 2014; 49:954-6. [PMID: 25251345 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate bull sperm kinematics after centrifugation through a single layer of a colloid [Single Layer Centrifugation (SLC)]. Ejaculates from 20 bulls were extended and stored at 4-6°C for 24 h during transport to the laboratory for SLC through Androcoll-B, followed by measurement of sperm kinematics in all samples. Total motility (86% and 88% for uncentrifuged and SLC samples, respectively) and progressive motility (84% for both the groups) were similar (p > 0.05). In contrast, straightness (STR) (0.65 vs 0.69), linearity (LIN) (0.32 vs 0.35) and beat cross frequency (BCF) (22.3 vs 23.6 Hz) were significantly higher in the SLC-selected samples than in the uncentrifuged samples, whereas velocity of the average path (VAP) (95 vs 90 μm/s), curvilinear velocity (VCL) (192 vs 180 μm/s), amplitude of lateral head deviation (ALH) (7 μm vs 6.5 μm) and hypermotility (49% vs 38%) were significantly decreased. The kinematics of the samples with the poorest motility was improved most by SLC. In conclusion, even though SLC had no direct effect on total and progressive motility, it appeared to have a positive influence on several other kinematic parameters that may be important for fertilization after artificial insemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yulnawati
- Division of Reproduction, Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden; Research Center for Biotechnology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Cibinong, Bogor, Indonesia
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Guimarães T, Lopes G, Pinto M, Silva E, Miranda C, Correia MJ, Damásio L, Thompson G, Rocha A. Colloid centrifugation of fresh stallion semen before cryopreservation decreased microorganism load of frozen-thawed semen without affecting seminal kinetics. Theriogenology 2014; 83:186-91. [PMID: 25287189 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Freezability of equine semen may be influenced by microorganism population of semen. The objective of this study was to verify the effect of single-layer density gradient centrifugation (SLC) of fresh semen before cryopreservation on semen's microbial load (ML) and sperm cells kinetics after freezing-thawing. For that, one ejaculate was collected from 20 healthy stallions and split into control (C) samples (cryopreserved without previous SLC) and SLC samples (subjected to SLC). Semen cryopreservation was performed according to the same protocol in both groups. Microbial load of each microorganism species and total microbial load (TML) expressed in colony-forming units (CFU/mL) as well as frozen-thawed sperm kinetics were assessed in both groups. Additional analysis of the TML was performed, subdividing the frozen-thawed samples in "suitable" (total motility ≥ 30%) and "unsuitable" (total motility < 30%) semen for freezing programs, and comparing the C and SLC groups within these subpopulations. After thawing, SLC samples had less (P < 0.05) TML (88.65 × 10(2) ± 83.8 × 10(2) CFU/mL) than C samples (155.69 × 10(2) ± 48.85 × 10(2) CFU/mL), mainly due to a reduction of Enterococcus spp. and Bacillus spp. A relationship between post-thaw motility and SLC effect on ML was noted, as only in samples with more than 30% total motility was ML reduced (P < 0.05) by SLC (from 51.33 × 10(2) ± 33.26 × 10(2) CFU/mL to 26.68 × 10(2) ± 12.39 × 10(2) CFU/mL in "suitable" frozen-thawed semen vs. 240.90 × 10(2) ± 498.20 × 10(2) to 139.30 × 10(2) ± 290.30 × 10(2) CFU/mL in "unsuitable" frozen-thawed semen). The effect of SLC on kinetics of frozen-thawed sperm cells was negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Guimarães
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal; Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA/ICETA), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - G Lopes
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal; Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA/ICETA), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - M Pinto
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - E Silva
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - C Miranda
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - M J Correia
- Fundação Alter Real, Alter do Chão, Portugal
| | - L Damásio
- Private Practitioner, Évora, Portugal
| | - G Thompson
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - A Rocha
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal; Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA/ICETA), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Hoogewijs M, Piepers S, Govaere J, Roels K, De Schauwer C, Van Soom A. Food supplementation influences stallion semen freezability. J Equine Vet Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2013.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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26
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Serres C, Gutiérrez-Cepeda L, Gero S, Gómez V, Blázquez J, Crespo F. Fertility rates in jennies by new semen processing techniques. J Equine Vet Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2013.10.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Effect of single layer centrifugation using Androcoll-E-Large on the sperm quality parameters of cooled-stored donkey semen doses. Animal 2013; 8:308-15. [PMID: 24284302 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731113002097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of single layer centrifugation (SLC) using Androcoll-E-Large on donkey sperm quality parameters after 24 h of cool-storage. Ejaculates were collected from Andalusian donkeys and then cooled at 5°C. SLC was carried out after 24 h of cool-storage using Androcoll-E-Large. In the first experiment, all sperm parameters assessed (total and progressive sperm motility, viability, sperm morphology and sperm kinematics VCL, VSL, VAP, LIN, STR, WOB, ALH and BCF) were statistically compared between semen samples processed or not with Androcoll-E-Large. Significant differences (P<0.05) were found between SLC-selected and unselected semen samples for all parameters assessed, obtaining better results after SLC. In the second experiment, semen samples were classified in two groups according to their sperm progressive motility (PM) before SLC. Then, the increments obtained in semen quality parameters after SLC were compared between groups. No significant differences were found between groups, indicating that SLC improved the sperm quality parameters of entire set of semen samples processed with independence to their original PM. In conclusion, SLC with Androcoll-E-Large can be used in donkeys, increasing the sperm quality of cooled-stored donkey semen doses after 24 h of cool storage.
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Gutiérrez-Cepeda L, Fernández Á, Crespo F, Ramírez MÁ, Gosálvez J, Serres C. The effect of two pre-cryopreservation single layer colloidal centrifugation protocols in combination with different freezing extenders on the fragmentation dynamics of thawed equine sperm DNA. Acta Vet Scand 2012; 54:72. [PMID: 23217215 PMCID: PMC3599590 DOI: 10.1186/1751-0147-54-72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Accepted: 10/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Variability among stallions in terms of semen cryopreservation quality renders it difficult to arrive at a standardized cryopreservation method. Different extenders and processing techniques (such us colloidal centrifugation) are used in order to optimize post-thaw sperm quality. Sperm chromatin integrity analysis is an effective tool for assessing such quality. The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of two single layer colloidal centrifugation protocols (prior to cryopreservation) in combination with three commercial freezing extenders on the post-thaw chromatin integrity of equine sperm samples at different post-thaw incubation (37°C) times (i.e., their DNA fragmentation dynamics). Results Post-thaw DNA fragmentation levels in semen samples subjected to either of the colloidal centrifugation protocols were significantly lower (p<0.05) immediately after thawing and after 4 h of incubation at 37°C compared to samples that underwent standard (control) centrifugation. The use of InraFreeze® extender was associated with significantly less DNA fragmentation than the use of Botu-Crio® extender at 6 h of incubation, and than the use of either Botu-Crio® or Gent® extender at 24 h of incubation (p<0.05). Conclusions These results suggest that single layer colloidal centrifugation performed with extended or raw semen prior to cryopreservation reduces DNA fragmentation during the first four hours after thawing. Further studies are needed to determine the influence of freezing extenders on equine sperm DNA fragmentation dynamics.
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Martinez-Alborcia M, Morrell J, Parrilla I, Barranco I, Vázquez J, Martinez E, Roca J. Improvement of boar sperm cryosurvival by using single-layer colloid centrifugation prior freezing. Theriogenology 2012; 78:1117-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2012] [Revised: 05/12/2012] [Accepted: 05/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Compston P, Grieve L. Science in brief: Clinical news from the 57th convention of the American Association of Equine Practitioners, 2011. Equine Vet J 2012; 44:251-3. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2012.00550.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Macías-García B, González-Fernández L, Gallardo-Bolaños J, Peña F, Johannisson A, Morrell J. Androcoll-E large selects a subset of live stallion spermatozoa capable of producing ROS. Anim Reprod Sci 2012; 132:74-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2012.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2012] [Revised: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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