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Krishnan RP, Pandiar D, Sagar S. Immunohistochemical Expression of CK14 and Bcl-2 in Odontogenic Keratocyst and Its Variants. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2024; 32:151-156. [PMID: 38146077 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000001182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) are aggressive cystic jaw lesions with a high epithelial turnover rate and increased propensity for recurrence. Sometimes, the characteristic histopathological features of OKCs are either completely lost or seen focally due to previous marsupialization or inflammation. This research aimed to determine whether specific patterns of CK14 and Bcl-2 staining could assist in diagnosing OKCs with altered epithelial features and provide clues in elucidating their aggressive nature. CK14 expression was restricted to basal and suprabasal layers near satellite cysts and in areas showing subepithelial split. The entire epithelial lining showed CK14 expression in areas of inflammation and after marsupialization. The typical basal/suprabasal staining of Bcl-2 was lost in areas of inflammation and intensity is decreased in OKCs after marsupialization. These new findings could offer a hint into the biological nature and pathogenesis of OKCs. Because of its therapeutic consequences and high recurrence rate, proper recognition and diagnosis are essential for treatment planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshma Poothakulath Krishnan
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
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Zhao Y, Lin X, Zeng W, Qin X, Miao B, Gao S, Liu J, Li Z. Berberine inhibits the progression of renal cell carcinoma cells by regulating reactive oxygen species generation and inducing DNA damage. Mol Biol Rep 2023:10.1007/s11033-023-08381-w. [PMID: 37217616 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08381-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Berberine is a natural isoquinoline alkaloid that has been shown to have antitumor properties in a growing number of studies. However, its role in renal cell carcinoma remains unclear. This study investigates berberine's effect and mechanism in renal cell carcinoma. METHODS The methyl-tetrazolium, colony formation, and lactate dehydrogenase assay were used to detect proliferation and cytotoxicity, respectively. Flow cytometry, caspase-Glo 3/7 assay, and adenosine triphosphate assay were used to detect apoptosis and the adenosine triphosphate levels. Wound healing and transwell assay were used to examine the migration ability of renal cell carcinoma cells. Besides, the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was explored using a DCFH-DA-based kit. Additionally, western blot and Immunofluorescence assay was taken to determine the levels of relative proteins. RESULTS In vitro, our findings indicated that the proliferation and migration of renal cell carcinoma cells treated with berberine in various concentrations were inhibited, while the level of ROS and apoptosis rate were increased. Furthermore, The results of western blot showed that the expression of Bax, Bad, Bak, Cyto c, Clv-Caspase 3, Clv-Caspase 9, E-cadherin, TIMP-1and γH2AX were up-regulated, while Bcl-2, N-cadherin, Vimentin, Snail, Rad51 and PCNA were down-regulated after treating with berberine with various concentration. CONCLUSION The result of this study revealed that berberine inhibits renal cell carcinoma progression via regulating ROS generation and inducing DNA break.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwan Zhao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 57 Renmin Street South, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinghua Lin
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 57 Renmin Street South, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenfeng Zeng
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 57 Renmin Street South, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Xingzhang Qin
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 57 Renmin Street South, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Bailiang Miao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 57 Renmin Street South, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Sheng Gao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 57 Renmin Street South, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 57 Renmin Street South, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.
- Laboratory of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 57 Renmin Street South, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhuo Li
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 57 Renmin Street South, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.
- Laboratory of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 57 Renmin Street South, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.
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Kang J, Jeong YJ, Ha SK, Lee HH, Lee KW. Glyoxal-derived advanced glycation end-products, N ε-carboxymethyl-lysine, and glyoxal-derived lysine dimer induce apoptosis-related gene expression in hepatocytes. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:2511-2520. [PMID: 36609749 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08130-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are proteins or lipids that have been glycated nonenzymatically by reducing sugars and their derivatives such as methylglyoxal. AGEs are known to cause inflammation, oxidative stress, and diseases in the human body. The toxic effects of AGEs and their structures on the origin of the protein being modified have not been well studied. METHODS AND RESULTS Five different types of AGEs: AGE1 (glucose-derived), AGE2 (glyceraldehyde-derived), AGE3 (glycolaldehyde-derived), AGE4 (methylglyoxal-derived), and AGE5 (glyoxal-derived); were used to examine the effect of AGEs on HepG2 cells. AGE2 through 5 increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in liver cells, an initiating factor for apoptosis. At the mRNA and protein levels, AGE5 treatment showed the greatest increase in expression of apoptosis-related factors such as Bax, p53, and Caspase 3. Quantitative analysis revealed that Nε-carboxymethyl-lysine (CML) and glyoxal-lysine dimer (GOLD) were the important types of AGE5. The ROS generation and the expression of apoptotic factors both increased when cells were treated with CML and GOLD. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that AGE5 treatment activates the apoptosis-related gene expression in hapatocytes, with CML and GOLD as potential major AGE compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jison Kang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life science & Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, 02841, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Jeong
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life science & Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, 02841, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Keun Ha
- Research Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Hee Lee
- Research Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Won Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life science & Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, 02841, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Food Bioscience and Technology, College of Life science & Biotechnology, Korea University, 02841, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Sorasitthiyanukarn FN, Muangnoi C, Gomez CB, Suksamrarn A, Rojsitthisak P, Rojsitthisak P. Potential Oral Anticancer Therapeutic Agents of Hexahydrocurcumin-Encapsulated Chitosan Nanoparticles against MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020472. [PMID: 36839794 PMCID: PMC9959490 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hexahydrocurcumin-encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles (HHC-CS-NPs) were formulated by oil-in-water emulsification and ionotropic gelation and optimized using the Box-Behnken design. The particle size, zeta potential, and encapsulation efficiency of the optimized HHC-CS-NPs were 256 ± 14 nm, 27.3 ± 0.7 mV, and 90.6 ± 1.7%, respectively. The TEM analysis showed a spherical shape and a dense structure with a narrow size distribution. The FT-IR analysis indicated no chemical interaction between the excipients and the drugs in the nanoparticles, but the existence of the drugs was molecularly dispersed in the nanoparticle matrices. The drug release profile showed a preliminary burst release followed by a sustained release under simulated gastrointestinal (GI) and physiological conditions. A stability study suggested that the HHC-CS-NPs were stable under UV light, simulated GI, and body fluids. The in vitro bioaccessibility and bioavailability of the HHC-CS-NPs were 2.2 and 6.1 times higher than those of the HHC solution, respectively. The in vitro evaluation of the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic effects of the optimized HHC-CS-NPs demonstrated that the CS-NPs significantly improved the biological activities of HHC in radical scavenging, hemolysis protection activity, anti-protein denaturation, and cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Western blot analysis showed that the apoptotic protein expression of Bax, cytochrome C, caspase-3, and caspase-9, were significantly up-regulated, whereas the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 expression was down-regulated in the HHC-CS-NP-treated cells. Our findings suggest that the optimized HHC-CS-NPs can be further developed as an efficient oral treatment for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feuangthit N. Sorasitthiyanukarn
- Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellent in Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | | | - Clinton B. Gomez
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila 1000, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Apichart Suksamrarn
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand
| | - Pranee Rojsitthisak
- Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellent in Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +662-218-4221; Fax: +662-611-7586
| | - Pornchai Rojsitthisak
- Center of Excellent in Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Chen L, Lv Q, Cai J, Liang J, Liang Z, Lin J, Xiao Y, Chen R, Zhang Z, Hong Y, Ji H. Design, synthesis and anticancer activity studies of 3-(coumarin-3-yl)-acrolein derivatives: Evidenced by integrating network pharmacology and vitro assay. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1141121. [PMID: 37033621 PMCID: PMC10076643 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1141121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Coumarin derivatives have diverse structures and show various significant biological activities. Aiming to develop more potent coumarin derivatives for cancer treatment, a series of coumarin acrolein hybrids were designed and synthesized by using molecular hybridization approach, and investigated for their antiproliferative activity against A549, KB, Hela and MCF-7 cancer cells as well as HUVEC and LO2 human normal cells. The results indicated that most of the synthesized compounds displayed remarkable inhibitory activity towards cancer cells but low cytotoxicity on normal cells. Among all the compounds, 5d and 6e were the most promising compounds against different cancer cell lines, especially for A549 and KB cells. The preliminary action mechanism studies suggested that compound 6e, the representative compound, was capable of dose-dependently suppressing migration, invasion and inducing significant apoptosis. Furthermore, the combined results of network pharmacology and validation experiments revealed that compound 6e induced mitochondria dependent apoptosis via the PI3K/AKT-mediated Bcl-2 signaling pathway. In summary, our study indicated compound 6e could inhibit cell proliferation, migration, invasion and promote cell apoptosis through inhibition of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in human oral epidermoid carcinoma cells. These findings demonstrated the potential of 3-(coumarin-3-yl)-acrolein derivatives as novel anticancer chemotherapeutic candidates, providing ideas for further development of drugs for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lexian Chen
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Lv
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianghong Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, China
| | - Jiajie Liang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziyan Liang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Lin
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruiyao Chen
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiling Zhang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Hong
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Ji
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hong Ji,
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Yan C, Gu J, Zhang Y, Ma K, Lee RJ. Efficient delivery of the Bcl-2 antisense oligonucleotide G3139 via nucleus-targeted aCD33-NKSN nanoparticles. Int J Pharm 2022; 625:122074. [PMID: 35932928 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
G3139 is an antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotide (ODN) developed as a Bcl-2 down-regulating agent for the treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). However, the clinical efficacy of G3139 has been shown to be limited due to its rapid plasma clearance and low permeability. To enhance the effective delivery of G3139, this work prepared a novel nano gene delivery vector (aCD33-NKSN) consisting of a CD33 antigbody (aCD33), a nuclear localization signal (NLS), gene fusion peptides (KALA), and stearic acid (SA) for CD33 antigen targeting and nuclear localization. The aCD33-NKSN/G3139 nanoparticles were spherical and uniformly sized with a positive charge and sustained release. They had an excellent G3139 loading capacity and colloidal stability. The aCD33-NKSN/G3139 delivered G3139 into the nucleus of Kasumi-1 cells and aCD33-NKSN/G3139 could more effectively inhibited Bcl-2 expression and induced apoptosis in Kasumi-1 cells versus free G3139. The aCD33-NKSN/G3139 administration was more effective at inhibiting tumor growth, and significantly prolonged the survival time of mice in contrast to free G3139. The results illustrate that aCD33-NKSN/G3139 nanoparticles could improve the antitumor activity of encapsulated G3139 due to aCD33 targeting and the ability to perform nuclear localization, The results offer a promising clinical application potential for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyun Yan
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China.
| | - Jiwei Gu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi of University, Jiamusi 154003, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Kailun Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Robert J Lee
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA
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7
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Curcumin-loaded zein/pectin nanoparticles: Caco-2 cellular uptake and the effects on cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of human hepatoma cells (HepG2). J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Sadeghian I, Heidari R, Raee MJ, Negahdaripour M. Cell-penetrating peptide-mediated delivery of therapeutic peptides/proteins to manage the diseases involving oxidative stress, inflammatory response and apoptosis. J Pharm Pharmacol 2022; 74:1085-1116. [PMID: 35728949 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgac038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Peptides and proteins represent great potential for modulating various cellular processes including oxidative stress, inflammatory response, apoptosis and consequently the treatment of related diseases. However, their therapeutic effects are limited by their inability to cross cellular barriers. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), which can transport cargoes into the cell, could resolve this issue, as would be discussed in this review. KEY FINDINGS CPPs have been successfully exploited in vitro and in vivo for peptide/protein delivery to treat a wide range of diseases involving oxidative stress, inflammatory processes and apoptosis. Their in vivo applications are still limited due to some fundamental issues of CPPs, including nonspecificity, proteolytic instability, potential toxicity and immunogenicity. SUMMARY Totally, CPPs could potentially help to manage the diseases involving oxidative stress, inflammatory response and apoptosis by delivering peptides/proteins that could selectively reach proper intracellular targets. More studies to overcome related CPP limitations and confirm the efficacy and safety of this strategy are needed before their clinical usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issa Sadeghian
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Biotechnology Incubator, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Heidari
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Raee
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Manica Negahdaripour
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Anisi Stellati Fructus, a Significant Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Herb and Its Bioactivity against Gastric Cancer. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4071489. [PMID: 35586683 PMCID: PMC9110155 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4071489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Anisi stellati fructus (ASF) is the fruit of Illicium verum Hook F. (Chinese star anise), which is native to many countries, and is a significant Chinese medicinal herb. Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the major fatal types of cancers with multiple stages and a poor prognosis. The present review aims to discuss the bioactive properties of ASF and its phytocompounds against GC, with a particular insight into the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in its anti-GC mechanism. Furthermore, it highlights the potential mechanism of action of major phytocompounds of ASF against GC. Clinical studies (in vitro and in vivo) regarding the action of ASF and its major bioactive compounds such as quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, d-limonene, and honokiol against GC were reviewed. For this review, search of literature was performed in Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus related to ASF and its phytocompounds, from which only relevant studies were chosen. Major bioactive compounds of ASF and their extracts have proven to be effective against GC due to the mechanistic action of these compounds involving signaling pathways that target cancer cell apoptosis, proliferation, and tumor metastasis in GC cells. Existing reports of these compounds and their combinatory effects with other modern anticancer agents have also been reviewed. From its traditional use to its role as an anticancer agent, ASF and its bioactive phytocompounds have been observed to be effective in modern research, specifically against GC. However, further studies are required for the identification of molecular targets and pharmacokinetic potential and for the formulation of anti-GC drugs.
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Bhavya K, Mantipally M, Roy S, Arora L, Badavath VN, Gangireddy M, Dasgupta S, Gundla R, Pal D. Novel imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine derivatives induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in non-small cell lung cancer by activating NADPH oxidase mediated oxidative stress. Life Sci 2022; 294:120334. [PMID: 35065161 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-based analogues have recently gained significant interest because of their wide spectrum of biological activities including anti-cancer potential, however the development of targeted therapeutic candidates against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is of utmost need due to its high prevalence and poor prognosis. Herein, we have aimed to synthesized novel imidazo [1,2-a] pyridine derivatives (IMPA) by coupling with 2-amino-4H-pyranto enhance bioactivity against NSCLC. MAIN METHODS We have designed and synthesized a series of fifteen novel imidazo [1,2-a] pyridine derivatives through molecular hybridization and studied their anti-cancer activity against in-vitro lung adenocarcinoma and 3D multicellular lung tumor spheroids. KEY FINDINGS IMPA-2, IMPA-5, IMPA-6, IMPA-8, and IMPA-12 markedly induced cytotoxicity by notably increased NADPH oxidase (NOX) activity, which results in the induction of ROS-mediated apoptosis in A549 lung cancer cells. It caused impairment of mitochondrial membrane potential by increasing pro-apoptotic BAX, and BAK1 expressions, and decreasing anti-apoptotic BCL2 expression, along with the induction of caspase-9/3 activation, however, these attributes were compromised in presence of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), a free radical scavenger. Increased ROS production by IMPAs also promotes p53 mediated cell cycle arrest through the inactivation of p38MAPK. Reduction of tumor size in IMPAs-treated 3D multicellular lung tumor spheroids gave further validation. SIGNIFICANCE Beside cytotoxicity, IMPAs also inhibit lung cancer cell invasion and migration, suggesting their applicability in metastatic lung cancer. Therefore, IMPA derivatives could be used as potential anti-cancer agents in treating non-small cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumari Bhavya
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Manohar Mantipally
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, GITAM Deemed University, Hyderabad 502329, Telangana, India
| | - Soumyajit Roy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Leena Arora
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Vishnu Nayak Badavath
- Institute for Drug Research, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel; Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140410, India
| | | | - Suman Dasgupta
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Napaam, Sonitpur 784028, Assam, India
| | - Rambabu Gundla
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, GITAM Deemed University, Hyderabad 502329, Telangana, India.
| | - Durba Pal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India.
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11
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Jiang L, Cai X, Li S, Miao Y, Yang X, Lin M, Chen L, He X, Weng Z. Hydroxyethyl Starch Curcumin Enhances Antiproliferative Effect of Curcumin Against HepG2 Cells via Apoptosis and Autophagy Induction. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:755054. [PMID: 34803697 PMCID: PMC8595112 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.755054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well documented that curcumin (CUR), as a polyphenol molecule originated from turmeric, has many advantages such as antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and antitumor effects. However, because of its poor water solubility and low bioavailability, the biomedical applications of CUR are limited. So, in this study, we modified CUR with conjugation to a food-derived hydrophilic hydroxyethyl starch (HES) via an ester linkage to fabricate the amphiphilic conjugate HES-CUR prior to self-assembling into uniform nanoparticles (HES-CUR NPs). And, the results of the 1H NMR spectra and FT-IR spectrum showed successful synthesis of HES-CUR NPs; moreover, the solubility and the drug loading efficiency of CUR were significantly increased. Next, we further explored the differences on the antitumor effects between HES-CUR NPs and CUR in HepG2 cells, and the results of the CCK8-assay and cell counting experiment showed that HES-CUR NPs exhibited a more significant antiproliferative effect than that of CUR in HepG2 cells. And HepG2 cells were more sensitive to apoptosis induced by HES-CUR NPs as evidenced by flow cytometry, increased cytochrome c level, and decreased full length caspase-3 and Bcl-2 protein expressions. Additionally, we found that the efficacy of HES-CUR NPs against HepG2 cells might be related to the enhanced degree of mitochondrial damage (decrease of the mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP) and autophagy (increased levels of Beclin-1 and LC3-II proteins). So, the findings in this study suggest that HES-CUR NPs have a great application potential in antitumor efficacy and play an important role in multiple signal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhai Jiang
- Fuzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Fuzhou, China.,College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoliang Cai
- Fuzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Fuzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Miao
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Fuzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Manbian Lin
- Fuzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Fuzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaozheng He
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zuquan Weng
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
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Construction of a Multifunctional Nano-Scale Metal-Organic Framework-Based Drug Delivery System for Targeted Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111945. [PMID: 34834359 PMCID: PMC8619429 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The antitumor activity of triptolide (TP) has received widespread attention, although its toxicity severely limits its clinical application. Therefore, the design of a targeted drug delivery system (TDDS) has important application prospects in tumor treatment. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), with high drug-carrying capacity and good biocompatibility, have aroused widespread interest for drug delivery systems. Herein, folic acid (FA) and 5-carboxylic acid fluorescein (5-FAM) were used to modify Fe-MIL-101 to construct a functionalized nano-platform (5-FAM/FA/TP@Fe-MIL-101) for the targeted delivery of the anti-tumor drug triptolide and realize in vivo fluorescence imaging. Compared with Fe-MIL-101, functionalized nanoparticles not only showed better targeted therapy efficiency, but also reduced the systemic toxicity of triptolide. In addition, the modification of 5-FAM facilitated fluorescence imaging of the tumor site and realized the construction of an integrated nano-platform for fluorescence imaging and treatment. Both in vitro and in vivo studies of functionalized nanoparticles have demonstrated excellent fluorescence imaging and synergistic targeting anticancer activity with negligible systemic toxicity. The development of functional nano-platform provides new ideas for the design of MOF-based multifunctional nano-drug delivery system, which can be used for precise treatment of tumor.
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Pandya N, Bhagwat SR, Kumar A. Regulatory role of Non-canonical DNA Polymorphisms in human genome and their relevance in Cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188594. [PMID: 34303788 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
DNA has the ability to form polymorphic structures like canonical duplex DNA and non-canonical triplex DNA, Cruciform, Z-DNA, G-quadruplex (G4), i-motifs, and hairpin structures. The alteration in the form of DNA polymorphism in the response to environmental changes influences the gene expression. Non-canonical structures are engaged in various biological functions, including chromatin epigenetic and gene expression regulation via transcription and translation, as well as DNA repair and recombination. The presence of non-canonical structures in the regulatory region of the gene alters the gene expression and affects the cellular machinery. Formation of non-canonical structure in the regulatory site of cancer-related genes either inhibits or dysregulate the gene function and promote tumour formation. In the current article, we review the influence of non-canonical structure on the regulatory mechanisms in human genome. Moreover, we have also discussed the relevance of non-canonical structures in cancer and provided information on the drugs used for their treatment by targeting these structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirali Pandya
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore 453552, India
| | - Sonali R Bhagwat
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore 453552, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore 453552, India.
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Hu QY, Zhang XK, Wang JN, Chen HX, He LP, Tang JS, Yao XS, Liu J. Malayoside, a cardenolide glycoside extracted from Antiaris toxicaria Lesch, induces apoptosis in human non-small lung cancer cells via MAPK-Nur77 signaling pathway. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 190:114622. [PMID: 34043967 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in the world. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with poor prognosis and resistance to chemoradiotherapy, is the most common histological type of lung cancer. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new and more effective treatment strategy for NSCLC. Nur77, an orphan member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, induces apoptosis in cancer cells including NSCLC cells, by high expression and translocation to mitochondria. Small molecules trigger expression and mitochondrial localization of Nur77 may be an ideal anti-cancer drug candidate. Here, we report malayoside, a cardiac glycoside in the extract of Antiaris toxicaria Lesch., had different sensitivities to NSCLC cells. Malayoside induced apoptosis in NCI-H460 cells. Meanwhile, malayoside induced Nur77 expression and mitochondrial localization, and its induction of apoptosis was Nur77-dependent. To investigate the molecular mechanism of malayoside inducing Nur77 and apoptosis, we found that malayoside activated MAPK signaling pathway, including both ERK and p38 phosphorylation. The suppression of MAPK signaling activation inhibited the expression of Nur77 and apoptosis induced by malayoside. Our studies in nude mice showed that malayside potently inhibited the growth of tumor cells in vivo. Furthermore, the anti-cancer effect of malayosidwas in vivo was also related to the elevated expression of Nur77, p-ERK, and p-p38 proteins. Our results suggest that malayoside possesses an anti-NSCLC activity in vitro and in vivo mainly via activation of MAPK-Nur77 signaling pathway, indicating that malayoside is a promising chemotherapeutic candidate for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong-Ying Hu
- School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xiao-Kun Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jia-Nan Wang
- School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hao-Xuan Chen
- School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lian-Ping He
- School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jin-Shan Tang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xin-Sheng Yao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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Sun Y, Wu A, Li X, Qin D, Jin B, Liu J, Tang Y, Wu J, Yu C. The seed of Litchi chinensis fraction ameliorates hippocampal neuronal injury in an Aβ 25-35-induced Alzheimer's disease rat model via the AKT/GSK-3β pathway. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:35-43. [PMID: 31881157 PMCID: PMC6968628 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2019.1697298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Context: The seed of Litchi chinensis Sonn., a famous traditional Chinese medicine, was recently reported to enhance cognitive function by inhibiting neuronal apoptosis in rats.Objective: We determined whether the seed of Litchi chinensis fraction (SLF) can ameliorate hippocampal neuronal injury via the AKT/GSK-3β pathway.Materials and methods: We established Alzheimer's disease (AD) model by infusing Aβ25-35 into the lateral ventricle of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and randomly divided into five groups (n = 10): sham, donepezil and SLF (120, 240 and 480 mg/kg/d). Rats were treated by intragastric administration for 28 consecutive days. Spatial learning and memory were evaluated with Morris water maze, while protein expression of AKT, GSK-3β and tau in the hippocampal neurons was measured by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry.Results: On the fifth day, escape latency of the AD model group was 45.78 ± 2.52 s and that of the sham operative group was 15.98 ± 2.32 s. SLF could improve cognitive functions by increasing the number of rats that crossed the platform (p < 0.01), and their platform quadrant dwell time (p < 0.05). The protein expression level of AKT was upregulated (p < 0.001), while that of GSK-3β and tau (p < 0.01) was remarkably downregulated in the hippocampal CA1 area.Discussion and conclusions: To our knowledge, the present study is the first to show that SLF may exert neuroprotective effect in AD rats via the AKT/GSK-3β signalling pathway, thereby serving as evidence for the potential utility of SLF as an effective drug against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueshan Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Anguo Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiu Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Dalian Qin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Bingjin Jin
- Department of Human Anatomy, Chengdu Medical Collage, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yong Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jianming Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Chonglin Yu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Wang L, Jia Z, Xie D, Zhao T, Tan Z, Zhang S, Kong F, Wei D, Xie K. Methylation of HSP70 Orchestrates Its Binding to and Stabilization of BCL2 mRNA and Renders Pancreatic Cancer Cells Resistant to Therapeutics. Cancer Res 2020; 80:4500-4513. [PMID: 32699135 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-1738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a lethal disease owing to its intrinsic and acquired resistance to therapeutic modalities. The altered balance between pro- and antiapoptosis signals within cancer cells is critical to therapeutic resistance. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying increased antiapoptosis signals remain poorly understood. In this study, we report that PRMT1 expression is increased in pancreatic cancer tissues and is associated with higher tumor grade, increased aggressiveness, and worse prognosis. PRMT1 overexpression increased arginine methylation of HSPs of 70 kDa (HSP70); this methylation enhanced HSP70 binding and stabilization of BCL2 mRNA through AU-rich elements in 3'-untranslated region and consequentially increased BCL2 protein expression and protected cancer cells from apoptosis induced by cellular stresses and therapeutics. RNA binding and regulation function of HSP70 was involved in pancreatic cancer drug resistance and was dependent on protein arginine methylation. These findings not only reveal a novel PRMT1-HSP70-BCL2 signaling axis that is crucial to pancreatic cancer cell survival and therapeutic resistance, but they also provide a proof of concept that targeted inhibition of this axis may represent a new therapeutic strategy. SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrates that a PRMT1-mediated stabilization of BCL2 mRNA contributes to therapeutic resistance in pancreatic cancer and that targeting this pathway could overcome said resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
| | - Zhiliang Jia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Dacheng Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,The Precision Institutes of Medicine and Oncology, Houston, Texas
| | - Tiansuo Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Zhi Tan
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas.,Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Shuxing Zhang
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas.,Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Fanyang Kong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Daoyan Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Keping Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. .,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas.,The Precision Institutes of Medicine and Oncology, Houston, Texas
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17
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Xie VK, He J, Xie K. Protein arginine methylation promotes therapeutic resistance in human pancreatic cancer. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2020; 55:58-69. [PMID: 32739260 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a lethal disease with limited treatment options for cure. A high degree of intrinsic and acquired therapeutic resistance may result from cellular alterations in genes and proteins involved in drug transportation and metabolism, or from the influences of cancer microenvironment. Mechanistic basis for therapeutic resistance remains unclear and should profoundly impact our ability to understand pancreatic cancer pathogenesis and its effective clinical management. Recent evidences have indicated the importance of epigenetic changes in pancreatic cancer, including posttranslational modifications of proteins. We will review new knowledge on protein arginine methylation and its consequential contribution to therapeutic resistance of pancreatic cancer, underlying molecular mechanism, and clinical application of potential strategies of its reversal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Katie Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital Affiliated to The South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital Affiliated to The South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Keping Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital Affiliated to The South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Wei X, He J, Gao B, Han L, Mao Y, Zhao H, Si N, Wang H, Yang J, Bian B. Hellebrigenin anti-pancreatic cancer effects based on apoptosis and autophage. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9011. [PMID: 32426183 PMCID: PMC7213012 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hellebrigenin is a natural product found in the toad skin secretions and plants of Urginea, including Hellebores and Kalanchoe genera. It has been shown to be active against Leishmania chagasi promastigotes and Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigotes and also reported to play an anti-tumor effect on several cancer cell lines in vitro, including pancreatic cancer. This study is aimed to investigate the effects of Hellebrigenin on pancreatic carcinoma cells, SW1990 and BxPC-3 in vitro and its molecular mechanism involved in antitumor activities. Our results showed that Hellebrigenin effectively inhibited the proliferation of SW1990 and BxPC-3 cells in dose- and time-dependent manner. Flow cytometry results showed that Hellebrigenin induced the G0/G1 arrest in both of SW1990 and BxPC-3 cells and promoted cell early apoptosis and autophagy according to morphological observation. Immunofluorescence staining results further confirmed that cell apoptosis and autophagy also increased upon the Hellebrigenin treatment. Moreover, higher dose of Hellebrigenin further increased the cell apoptosis rate while decrease the mitochondrial membrane potential 24 h after treatment. The autophagy rate increased 48 h after treatment with significant difference (P < 0.05). Western blot analysis showed that the expression of caspase 3, 7, cleaved caspase 7, Atg 12, LC3 proteins were increased in SW1990 cell after treatment with Hellebrigenin. In addition, increasing expression of caspase 3, 7, 9, PARP, cleaved caspase 3, 7, 9, PARP, the sub basic protein of the PI3K family, Beclin-1, LC 3, Atg 3, 5, 12, 16 L were also observed after BxPC-3 cells treated with Hellebrigenin. In summary, this study reported for the first time that Hellebrigenin effectively induced autophagy and apoptosis especially the early apoptosis in SW1990 and BxPC-3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Wei
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing He
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, The Key Unit of Exploring Effective Substances of Classical and Famous Prescription of SATCM, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Gao
- China Resources Sanjiu Medical and Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Lingyu Han
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yingqiu Mao
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyu Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Si
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongjie Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baolin Bian
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China
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19
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Zeng Y, Zhang Z, Wang W, You L, Dong X, Yin X, Qu C, Ni J. Underlying mechanisms of apoptosis in HepG2 cells induced by polyphyllin I through Fas death and mitochondrial pathways. Toxicol Mech Methods 2020; 30:397-406. [PMID: 32208876 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2020.1747125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aims: Polyphyllin I, a steroidal saponin in Rhizoma paridis, which possess broad application prospects in cancer prevention and treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential cytotoxicity and mechanism of Polyphyllin I in HepG2 cells.Main methods: In this study, we used MTT to evaluate cell survival. Cell apoptosis rate, cell cycle distribution, mitochondrial membrane potential and ros levels were measured by flow cytometry, and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins was determined by Western blot analysis.Key findings: Polyphyllin I significantly reduced cell viability and induced HepG2 cell apoptosis in a dose and time-dependent manner. Compared with the control group, it could induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and depolarization of matrix metalloproteinases in liver cells. Polyphyllin I dose-dependent increased the release of mitochondrial cytochrome c, and levels of Fas, p53, p21, and Bax/Bcl-2 ratios, as well as the activation of cleaved caspase-3, -8, -9, and subsequent cleavage of the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). The G2/M phase cell cycle arrest was induced by increasing the expression of p21 and cyclin E1, and significantly reducing the expression of cyclin A2 and CDK2.Significance: Our results suggested that Polyphylin I inhibited cell proliferation and growth by triggering G2/M cell cycle arrest, and induced apoptosis through intracellular and extracellular apoptosis pathways to cause cell death by generating reactive oxygen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Zeng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqin Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wenping Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Longtai You
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxv Dong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xingbin Yin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Changhai Qu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Ni
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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20
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Al‐Husaini K, Elkamel E, Han X, Chen P. Therapeutic potential of a cell penetrating peptide (CPP, NP1) mediated siRNA delivery: Evidence in 3D spheroids of colon cancer cells. CAN J CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.23743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Khalsa Al‐Husaini
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Waterloo Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario Canada
| | - Erij Elkamel
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Waterloo Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario Canada
| | - Xiaoxia Han
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Waterloo Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario Canada
| | - Pu Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Waterloo Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario Canada
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Arenobufagin Inhibits the Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Protein Kinase B/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Pathway and Induces Apoptosis and Autophagy in Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Pancreas 2020; 49:261-272. [PMID: 32011523 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000001471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of arenobufagin on pancreatic carcinoma in vitro and in vivo and its molecular mechanism. METHODS The proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells was detected by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the formation of autophagic vacuoles after arenobufagin treatment. Hoechst 33258 and monodansylcadaverine fluorescence staining were performed to evaluate cell apoptosis and autophagy. Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide double-staining and JC-1 staining assays were used to evaluate apoptosis-related changes. Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were carried out to examine the expression of apoptosis- and autophagy-related markers after arenobufagin treatment. A tumor xenograft nude mouse model was established to evaluate arenobufagin efficacy in vivo. RESULTS Arenobufagin effectively inhibited the proliferation of SW1990 and BxPC3 cells and induced cell arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy. Arenobufagin upregulated the expression of apoptotic- and autophagy-related proteins while downregulated the expression of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase family proteins. Furthermore, arenobufagin also exerted inhibitory effects on tumor growth in xenograft nude mice. CONCLUSIONS Arenobufagin inhibits tumor growth in vivo and in vitro. The mechanism underlying arenobufagin action may involve induction of autophagy and apoptosis through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway.
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Zhang G, Zhang H, You W, Tang X, Li X, Gong Z. Therapeutic effect of Resveratrol in the treatment of osteoarthritis via the MALAT1/miR-9/NF-κB signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:2343-2352. [PMID: 32104302 PMCID: PMC7027295 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to explore the role of Resveratrol (Res) in osteoarthritis (OA) and its underlying mechanism. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were used to determine the relative expression levels of metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), microRNA-9 (miR-9), nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1 (NF-κB1), interleukin (IL)-6, matrix metallopeptidase 13 (MMP-13) and caspase-3 in vitro and in the in vivo model of OA, as well as examining the effect of Res on MALAT1, miR-9 and NF-κB1, IL-6, MMP-13 and caspase-3 expression levels. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to examine NF-κB1 and MMP-13 protein levels in the in vivo model of OA. Dual-luciferase reporter assays were used to confirm the regulatory relationship between miR-9 and MALAT1 and NF-κB1, as well as examining the effect of Res on the transcriptional activation of MALAT1 promoter. Furthermore, the effect of Res on cell proliferation in vitro was examined by MTT assay. The relative mRNA expression levels of MALAT1 and NF-κB1 were significantly increased, while miR-9 expression was significantly decreased in the OA group compared with the sham group. Treatment with Res partially reversed the effects of OA on MALAT1, NF-κB1 and miR-9 expression. Similarly, the relative protein expression levels of NF-κB1, IL-6, MMP-13 and caspase-3 were significantly increased in the OA group compared with the sham group; however, treatment with Res partially reversed the effects of OA on the protein expression levels of NF-κB1, IL-6, MMP-13 and caspase-3. MALAT1 and NF-κB1 were identified as potential target genes of miR-9, and dual-luciferase assays were used to examine the effect of miR-9 on the luciferase activity of 3'UTR MALAT1 and NF-κB1. Treatment with Res suppressed the transcriptional activation of the MALAT1 promoter, thereby inhibiting MALAT1 expression. Additionally, the relative expression level of miR-9 significantly increased following treatment with Res in a dose-dependent manner, while the relative protein expression levels of NF-κB1, IL-6, MMP-13 and caspase-3 significantly decreased following treatment with Res compared with the control. Furthermore, treatment with Res significantly increased the growth rate of chondrocytes in a dose-dependent manner compared with the control. Taken together, these results suggest that direct targeting of the MALAT1/miR-9/NF-κB1/IL-6, MMP-13/caspase-3 axis may be a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guopeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Wulin You
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Wuxi Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaochen Tang
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Suzhou Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, P.R. China
| | - Xiufang Li
- Department of Science and Education, Xuyi People's Hospital, Huaian, Jiangsu 211700, P.R. China
| | - Zhengfeng Gong
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
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Synthesis of Zinc oxide nanoparticles from Marsdenia tenacissima inhibits the cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in laryngeal cancer cells (Hep-2). JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2019; 201:111624. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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24
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Hassanalilou T, Ghavamzadeh S, Khalili L. Curcumin and Gastric Cancer: a Review on Mechanisms of Action. J Gastrointest Cancer 2019; 50:185-192. [DOI: 10.1007/s12029-018-00186-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Dong X, Ni B, Fu J, Yin X, You L, Leng X, Liang X, Ni J. Emodin induces apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma HepaRG cells via the mitochondrial caspase‑dependent pathway. Oncol Rep 2018; 40:1985-1993. [PMID: 30106438 PMCID: PMC6111625 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Emodin-induced hepatotoxicity in vivo and in vitro has been gaining increasing attention. However, the exact molecular pathways underlying these effects remain poorly clarified. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of emodin on HepaRG cells and to define the underlying mechanism. The results demonstrated that emodin evidently inhibited HepaRG cell growth in a dose- and time-dependent manner by blocking cell cycle progression in the S and G2/M phase and by inducing apoptosis. Emodin treatment also resulted in generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which abrogated mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). The above effects were all suppressed by antioxidants, such as N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Further studies by western blot analysis howed that emodin upregulated p53, p21, Bax, cyclin E, cleaved caspase-3, 8 and 9, and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP). However, the protein expression of Bcl-2, cyclin A and CDK2 was downregulated. Taken together, our results suggest that emodin induces apoptosis via the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway through cell cycle arrest and ROS generation in HepaRG cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxv Dong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, P.R. China
| | - Boran Ni
- School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102
| | - Jing Fu
- Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010
| | - Xingbin Yin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, P.R. China
| | - Longtai You
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, P.R. China
| | - Xin Leng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Shanghai Binuo Medical Instrument Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200000, P.R. China
| | - Jian Ni
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, P.R. China
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Nie H, Mu J, Wang J, Li Y. miR‑195‑5p regulates multi‑drug resistance of gastric cancer cells via targeting ZNF139. Oncol Rep 2018; 40:1370-1378. [PMID: 29956811 PMCID: PMC6072402 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors with a high mortality rate. Reversing the multi-drug resistance (MDR) of GC offers the potential for significant enhancement of the effect of chemotherapy and improvement of prognosis. Aberrant microRNA expression can attribute to the pathogenesis of GC. However, the effects of microRNA (miR)-195-5p on the MDR of GC cells remains to be fully elucidated. In the present study, the effect of miR-195-5p in regulating the MDR of GC cells was investigated. Reverse transcription quantitative-polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze the levels of miR-195-5p in GC cells. Western blot analysis was performed to analyze the protein levels of ZNF139, P-gp, BCL-2 and MRP1. The chemosensitivity of GC cells was determined by MTT. The results showed that the expression of miR-195-5p was decreased in poorly differentiated GC tissues with a higher chemosensitivity. The overexpression of miR-195-5p promoted the chemosensitivity of GC cells. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that Zing finger 139 (ZNF139) was a target of miR-195-5p. miR-195-5p negatively regulated the expression of ZNF139 by binding to its 3′-untranslated region. The silencing of ZNF139 promoted the chemosensitivity of GC cells, and the downregulation of ZNF139 reversed the effect of miR-195-5p inhibitor on the chemosensitivity of GC cells. In conclusion, miR-195-5p regulated the MDR of GC cells via targeting ZNF139.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfeng Nie
- Department of General Surgery, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Jixing Mu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xingtai Medical College, Xingtai, Hebei 054001, P.R. China
| | - Jinsheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xingtai Medical College, Xingtai, Hebei 054001, P.R. China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of General Surgery, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
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BAP1 induces cell death via interaction with 14-3-3 in neuroblastoma. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:458. [PMID: 29686263 PMCID: PMC5913307 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0500-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) is a nuclear deubiquitinating enzyme that is associated with multiprotein complexes that regulate key cellular pathways, including cell cycle, cellular differentiation, cell death, and the DNA damage response. In this study, we found that the reduced expression of BAP1 pro6motes the survival of neuroblastoma cells, and restoring the levels of BAP1 in these cells facilitated a delay in S and G2/M phase of the cell cycle, as well as cell apoptosis. The mechanism that BAP1 induces cell death is mediated via an interaction with 14-3-3 protein. The association between BAP1 and 14-3-3 protein releases the apoptotic inducer protein Bax from 14-3-3 and promotes cell death through the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. Xenograft studies confirmed that the expression of BAP1 reduces tumor growth and progression in vivo by lowering the levels of pro-survival factors such as Bcl-2, which in turn diminish the survival potential of the tumor cells. Patient data analyses confirmed the finding that the high-BAP1 mRNA expression correlates with a better clinical outcome. In summary, our study uncovers a new mechanism for BAP1 in the regulation of cell apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells.
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Liu X, Fan Z, Zhang L, Jin Z, Yan D, Zhang Y, Li X, Tu L, Xue B, Chang Y, Zhang H, Kong X. Bcl-2 inhibitor uploaded upconversion nanophotosensitizers to overcome the photodynamic therapy resistance of cancer through adjuvant intervention strategy. Biomaterials 2017; 144:73-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Liu K, Du J, Ruan L. MicroRNA-21 regulates the viability and apoptosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells by upregulating B cell lymphoma-2. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:4489-4496. [PMID: 29067124 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), one of the most frequently diagnosed non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), is partly attributed to hereditary factors. MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) is an oncogenic substance that induces NHL and primarily targets tumor-suppressive molecules, such as B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2). The present study explored whether Bcl-2, targeted by miR-21, would affect the development of NHL. Specimens were harvested from 55 patients with DLBCL who had undergone surgical treatment. Expression levels of miR-21 and Bcl-2 were evaluated through reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Luciferase-reporter assays were performed to investigate the potential association between miR-21 and Bcl-2. MTT assays, flow cytometric analysis and caspase-3 activity assays were used to evaluate cell viability and apoptosis of DLBCL cells, respectively. Furthermore, statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 19.0 software and the expression levels of miR-21 and Bcl-2 within DLBCL tissues were significantly upregulated when compared to those in normal tissues (P<0.01). As predicted by TargetScan, perfect base pairing was observed between the seed sequence of mature miR-21 and the 3' untranslated region of Bcl-2 mRNA. Dual luciferase reporter gene assays also revealed that miR-21 significantly facilitated the luciferase activity of Bcl-2 wild-type, with 61% upregulation (P<0.01) observed. MTT assays demonstrated that the viability of OCI-LY3 cells was decreased when cells were transfected with miR-21 inhibitor or Bcl-2 small interfering RNA and compared with those of control and negative control groups (all P<0.05). The apoptosis rate and caspase-3 activity level of the miR-21 group were 2.73±0.48 and 0.47±0.05, respectively, which were both significantly different from the groups with lower levels of miR-21 expression levels (all P<0.01). Since miR-21 may contribute to increased viability and decreased apoptosis of DLBCL cells through targeting Bcl-2, both Bcl-2 and miR-21 are likely to serve as effective targets for developing novel DLBCL treatments in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Jingxia Du
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Linhai Ruan
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
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Dong X, Fu J, Yin X, Yang C, Ni J. Aloe-emodin Induces Apoptosis in Human Liver HL-7702 Cells through Fas Death Pathway and the Mitochondrial Pathway by Generating Reactive Oxygen Species. Phytother Res 2017; 31:927-936. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxv Dong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine; Beijing 100102 PR China
| | - Jing Fu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine; Beijing 100102 PR China
| | - Xingbin Yin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine; Beijing 100102 PR China
| | - Chunjing Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine; Beijing 100102 PR China
| | - Jian Ni
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine; Beijing 100102 PR China
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Wu SH, Bau DT, Hsiao YT, Lu KW, Hsia TC, Lien JC, Ko YC, Hsu WH, Yang ST, Huang YP, Chung JG. Bufalin induces apoptosis in vitro and has Antitumor activity against human lung cancer xenografts in vivo. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:1305-1317. [PMID: 27444971 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Bufalin has been shown to be effective against a variety of cancer cells, but its role in lung cancer has never been studied in an animal model. In this study, we evaluated bufalin effects in a human lung cancer cell line NCI-H460 both in vitro and in vivo. Bufalin caused significant cytotoxicity in NCI-H460 cells at a concentration as low as 1 μM. DNA condensation was observed in bufalin-treated cells in a dose-dependent manner. Mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm ) was reduced and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were increased in bufalin-treated NCI-H460 cells. Levels of several proapoptotic proteins such as Fas, Fas-ligand, cytochrome c, apoptosis protease activating factor-1, endonuclease G, caspase-3 and caspase-9 were increased after bufalin treatment. At the same time, anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 protein levels were reduced. Bufalin decreased glucose regulated protein-78 gene expression but increased growth arrest- and DNA damage-inducible 153 gene expression. Bufalin injected intraperitoneally in a dose-dependent manner reduced tumor size in BALB/C nu/nu mice implanted with NCI-H460 cells. Bufalin injection did not produce significant drug-related toxicity in experimental animals except at a high dose (0.4 mg kg-1 ). In conclusion, low concentrations of bufalin can induce apoptosis in the human lung cancer cell line NCI-H460 in vitro. Bufalin also reduced tumor size in mice injected with NCI-H460 cells without significant drug-related toxicity. These results indicate that bufalin may have potential to be developed as an agent for treating human non-small cell lung cancer. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 1305-1317, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Hwar Wu
- Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, 500, Taiwan
| | - Da-Tian Bau
- Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Ting Hsiao
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Kung-Wen Lu
- College of Chinese Medicine, School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Te-Chun Hsia
- Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Cherng Lien
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Ching Ko
- Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Huei Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Su-Tso Yang
- Department of Radiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Huang
- Department of Physiology, China Medical University, Taichun, 404, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Gung Chung
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
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Tang T, Zhang DL. Detection of p53 and Bcl-2 expression in cutaneous hemangioma through the quantum dot technique. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:2937-2944. [PMID: 28529555 PMCID: PMC5431704 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemangioma is one of the most common types of infantile vascular benign tumor. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and tumor protein p53 (p53) in the proliferation and apoptosis of hemangioma cells. A total of 38 paraffin-embedded hemangioma specimens (16 males and 22 females) and another 5 paraffin-embedded healthy surrounding tissue samples, collected between January 2007 and December 2010, were obtained from the Department of Pathology at Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan, China). Immunohistochemistry, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and quantum dot double staining were used to detect the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Bcl-2 and p53 in hemangioma and healthy surrounding skin tissue samples. All hemangioma specimens were classified into proliferative or the involuting stage hemangioma according to Mulliken's criteria and their expression of PCNA. The results of the quantum dot double staining were analyzed using a multi-spectral imaging system. One-way analysis of the variance and the Student-Newman-Keuls q test were performed to statistically analyze the data. There were 24 cases of proliferative stage and 14 cases of involuting stage hemangioma among the specimens. Immunohistochemical analysis results indicated a high expression of Bcl-2 and p53 in proliferative stage hemangioma tissue samples, and low expression in involuting stage hemangioma and healthy tissue samples. Statistical analysis of the results from quantum dot double staining demonstrated that the expression of Bcl-2 and p53 in proliferative hemangioma was significantly increased compared with that in involuting stage specimens (P<0.05) and healthy tissue samples (P<0.05). No significant difference in Bcl-2 and p53 expression was identified between the involuting hemangioma and healthy surrounding tissue samples. The higher expression of Bcl-2 and p53 in proliferative hemangioma suggests that Bcl-2 may cause an imbalance between endothelial cell proliferation and apoptosis through the inhibition of endothelial cell apoptosis. Furthermore, p53 may promote the proliferation of endothelial cells in proliferative hemangioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Tang
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Duan-Lian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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Effects of Active Components of Fuzi and Gancao Compatibility on Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3 in Chronic Heart Failure Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:7686045. [PMID: 28053643 PMCID: PMC5178377 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7686045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 10/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Hypaconitine (HA) and glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) are active components of Fuzi (Aconitum carmichaelii) and Gancao (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch); they have been used in compatibility for chronic heart failure (CHF) from ancient times. The purpose of the present research was to explore whether apoptosis pathways were related with the protective effects of HA + GA against CHF rats or not. The rats were progressed with transverse-aortic constriction (TAC) operation for 4 weeks to build the CHF state, and then the Digoxin (1 mg/kg), HA (2.07 mg/kg), GA (25 mg/kg), and HA (2.07 mg/kg) + GA (25 mg/kg) were orally administrated to rats for 1 week. The levels of BNP and cTnI in the plasma were decreased in the HA + GA group, and the heart/body weight ratio (H/B) and left ventricular (LV) parameters of transthoracic echocardiography were also declined; moreover, the expressions of Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3 were all improved in the HA + GA group than other groups in the immunohistochemistry and western blot methods. In general, the data suggested that Fuzi and Gancao compatibility could protect the CHF rats from apoptosis, which provided a strong evidence for further searching for mechanisms of them.
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Gu R, Liu N, Luo S, Huang W, Zha Z, Yang J. MicroRNA-9 regulates the development of knee osteoarthritis through the NF-kappaB1 pathway in chondrocytes. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e4315. [PMID: 27603333 PMCID: PMC5023855 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000004315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been suggested that microRNA-9 (miR-9) is associated with the development of knee osteoarthritis (OA). This study was aimed to investigate the association between the mechanism of miR-9 targeting nuclear factor kappa-B1 (NF-κB1) and the proliferation and apoptosis of knee OA chondrocytes.Cartilage samples were collected from 25 patients with knee OA and 10 traumatic amputees, and another 15 OA rat models, together with 15 rats without knee OA lesions were also established. MiR-9 expressions in both knee OA cartilage and normal cartilage samples were detected using quantitative real-time PCR. The expressions of related genes (NF-κB1, IL-6, and MMP-13) in the two groups were also detected. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay was employed to examine the effect of miR-9 on the luciferase activity of NF-κB1 3'UTR. Knee OA chondrocytes were transfected with miR-9 mimics, miR-9 inhibitor, and NF-κB1 siRNA, respectively, and changes in cellular proliferation and apoptosis were detected via MTT assay and flow cytometric analysis, respectively. Western blotting assay was used to detect the expressions of NF-κB1, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13).According to results from human OA samples and rat OA models, miR-9 was significantly downregulated in knee OA cartilage tissues compared with normal cartilage tissues (P < 0.01). The expressions of NF-κB1, IL-6, and MMP-13 in knee OA cartilage tissues were significantly higher than those in normal cartilage tissues (P < 0.01). Dual luciferase reporter gene assay showed that miR-9 could bind to the 3'UTR of NF-κB1 and significantly inhibit the luciferase activity by 37% (P < 0.01). Upregulation of miR-9 or downregulation of NF-κB1 could promote cell proliferation and suppress cell apoptosis.Conclusively, downregulated miR-9 can facilitate proliferation and antiapoptosis of knee OA chondrocytes by directly binding to NF-kB1, implying that stimulating miR-9 expressions might assist in treatment of knee OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronghe Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou
| | - Simin Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou
| | - Weiguo Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, China
| | - Zhengang Zha
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou
- Correspondence: Zhengang Zha, Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No. 601 Huangpu Road West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 5120632, China (e-mail: )
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou
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Neuroprotective Effects of Methyl 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoate against TBHP-Induced Oxidative Damage in SH-SY5Y Cells. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21081071. [PMID: 27556437 PMCID: PMC6274188 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21081071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of methyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (MDHB) against t-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) induced oxidative damage in SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cells) and the underlying mechanisms. SH-SY5Y were cultured in DMEM + 10% FBS for 24 h and pretreated with different concentrations of MDHB or N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) for 4 h prior to the addition of 40 μM TBHP for 24 h. Cell viability was analyzed using the methylthiazolyltetrazolium (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays. An annexin V-FITC assay was used to detect cell apoptosis rates. The 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay was used to determine intracellular ROS levels. The activities of antioxidative enzymes (GSH-Px and SOD) were measured using commercially available kits. The oxidative DNA damage marker 8-OHdG was detected using ELISA. Western blotting was used to determine the expression of Bcl-2, Bax, caspase 3, p-Akt and Akt proteins in treated SH-SY5Y cells. Our results showed that MDHB is an effective neuroprotective compound that can mitigate oxidative stress and inhibit apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells.
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Chiu HW, Yeh YL, Wang YC, Huang WJ, Ho SY, Lin P, Wang YJ. Combination of the novel histone deacetylase inhibitor YCW1 and radiation induces autophagic cell death through the downregulation of BNIP3 in triple-negative breast cancer cells in vitro and in an orthotopic mouse model. Mol Cancer 2016; 15:46. [PMID: 27286975 PMCID: PMC4902929 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-016-0531-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive and invasive of the breast cancer subtypes. TNBC is a challenging disease that lacks targets for treatment. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are a group of targeted anticancer agents that enhance radiosensitivity. Bcl-2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3 (BNIP3) is a member of the Bcl-2 subfamily. BNIP3 is not found in normal breast tissue but is up-regulated in breast cancer. In the present study, we investigated the anti-cancer effects of a newly developed HDACi, YCW1, combined with ionizing radiation (IR) in TNBC in vitro and in an orthotopic mouse model. Furthermore, we examined the relationship between autophagy and BNIP3. Methods Trypan blue exclusion was used to investigate the viability of 4 T1 (a mouse TNBC cell line) and MDA-MB-231 cells (a human TNBC cell line) following combined YCW1 and IR treatment. Flow cytometry was used to determine apoptosis and autophagy. The expression levels of BNIP3, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress- and autophagic-related proteins were measured using western blot analysis. An orthotopic mouse model was used to investigate the in vivo effects of YCW1 and IR alone and in combination. Tumor volumes were monitored using a bioluminescence-based IVIS Imaging System 200. Results We found that YCW1 significantly enhanced toxicity in 4 T1 cells compared with suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), which was the first HDACi approved by the Food and Drug Administration for clinical use in cancer patients. The combined treatment of YCW1 and IR enhanced cytotoxicity by inducing ER stress and increasing autophagy induction. Additionally, the combined treatment caused autophagic flux and autophagic cell death. Furthermore, the expression level of BNIP3 was significantly decreased in cells following combined treatment. The downregulation of BNIP3 led to a significant increase in autophagy and cytotoxicity. The combined anti-tumor effects of YCW1 and IR were also observed in an orthotopic mouse model; combination therapy resulted in a significant increase in autophagy and decreased tumor tissue expression of BNIP3 in the tumor tissue. Conclusions These data support the possibility of using a combination of HDACi and IR in the treatment of TNBC. Moreover, BNIP3 may be a potential target protein for TNBC treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12943-016-0531-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Wen Chiu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ling Yeh
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, Taiwan, 704
| | - Yi-Ching Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jan Huang
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Yow Ho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan, Taiwan.,Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pinpin Lin
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, 350, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Jan Wang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, Taiwan, 704. .,Department of Biomedical Informatics, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Jones AK, Freise KJ, Agarwal SK, Humerickhouse RA, Wong SL, Salem AH. Clinical Predictors of Venetoclax Pharmacokinetics in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Patients: a Pooled Population Pharmacokinetic Analysis. AAPS JOURNAL 2016; 18:1192-1202. [PMID: 27233802 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-016-9927-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Venetoclax (ABT-199/GDC-0199) is a selective, potent, first-in-class BCL-2 inhibitor that restores apoptosis in cancer cells and has demonstrated clinical efficacy in a variety of hematological malignancies. The objective of this analysis was to characterize the population pharmacokinetics of venetoclax and identify demographic, pathophysiologic, and treatment factors that influence its pharmacokinetics. Plasma concentration samples from 505 subjects enrolled in 8 clinical studies were analyzed using non-linear mixed-effects modeling. Venetoclax plasma concentrations were best described by a two-compartment PK model with first-order absorption and elimination. The terminal half-life in cancer subjects was estimated to be approximately 26 h. Moderate and strong CYP3A inhibitors decreased venetoclax apparent clearance by 19% and 84%, respectively, while weak CYP3A inhibitors and inducers did not affect clearance. Additionally, concomitant rituximab administration was estimated to increase venetoclax apparent clearance by 21%. Gastric acid-reducing agent co-administration had no impact on the rate or extent of venetoclax absorption. Females had 32% lower central volume of distribution when compared to males. Food increased the bioavailability by 2.99- to 4.25-fold when compared to the fasting state. Mild and moderate renal and hepatic impairment, body weight, age, race, weak CYP3A inhibitors and inducers as well as OATP1B1 transporter phenotype and P-gp, BCRP, and OATP1B1/OATP1B3 modulators had no impact on venetoclax pharmacokinetics. Venetoclax showed minimal accumulation with accumulation ratio of 1.30-1.44. In conclusion, the concomitant administration of moderate and strong CYP3A inhibitors and rituximab as well as food were the main factors impacting venetoclax pharmacokinetics, while patient characteristics had only minimal impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aksana K Jones
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, AbbVie Inc., 1 N. Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois, 60064, USA
| | - Kevin J Freise
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, AbbVie Inc., 1 N. Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois, 60064, USA
| | - Suresh K Agarwal
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, AbbVie Inc., 1 N. Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois, 60064, USA
| | - Rod A Humerickhouse
- Oncology Development, AbbVie Inc., 1 N. Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois, 60064, USA
| | - Shekman L Wong
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, AbbVie Inc., 1 N. Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois, 60064, USA
| | - Ahmed Hamed Salem
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, AbbVie Inc., 1 N. Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois, 60064, USA. .,Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Lee MH, Hong SH, Park C, Kim GY, Leem SH, Choi SH, Keum YS, Hyun JW, Kwon TK, Hong SH, Choi YH. Hwang-Heuk-San induces apoptosis in HCT116 human colorectal cancer cells through the ROS-mediated activation of caspases and the inactivation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:205-14. [PMID: 27221553 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Hwang-Heuk-San (HHS) is a polyherbal formulation that has been used in traditional Korean medicine for hundreds of years to treat gastrointestinal malignancy. However, to date, the mechanisms responsible for the anticancer effects remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated the anticancer effects of HHS using HCT116 human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Our results showed that HHS treatment significantly reduced cell survival and increased apoptotic cell death in a concentration-dependent manner. The treatment of HCT116 cells with HHS also significantly elevated the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which was followed by the attenuation of the mitochondrial membrane potential through the upregulation of Bax and the downregulation of Bcl-2, which was accompanied by the release of cytochrome c to the cytosol. In addition, HHS treatment caused the truncation of Bid and activated the caspases (caspase-8, -9 and -3), which was associated with the induction of the Fas ligand, the death receptors (DRs), DR4 and DR5, downregulation of the inhibitors of protein expression in the apoptosis protein family, and the degradation of poly(ADP-ribose)-polymerase. However, a pan-caspase inhibitor reversed the HHS-induced apoptosis and growth suppression, indicating that HHS induces apoptosis though a caspase-dependent intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathway in HCT116 cells. Moreover, HHS treatment inhibited the activation of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling, and a pharmacological inhibitor of PI3K significantly potentiated the apoptotic effects of HHS when employed in combination in HCT116 cells. Furthermore, the blocking of ROS generation by antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine attenuated the HHS-induced release of cytochrome c, caspase activation and PI3K/Akt inactivation, thereby preventing HHS-induced apoptosis and reduction in cell viability. These findings suggest that HHS-induced ROS generation is required for caspase-dependent apoptotic cell death involving inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in HCT116 cells. Overall, our findings suggest that HHS may be an effective treatment for CRC cancer, and further studies are required to identify the active compounds in HHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Hee Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 614-052, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Hyun Hong
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 614-052, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, Dongeui University, Busan 614-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Hee Leem
- Department of Biological Science, Dong-A University, Busan 604‑714, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Choi
- Department of Safety and System Management, Korea Lift College, Geochang 670-802, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Sam Keum
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Goyang 410-773, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Won Hyun
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 609-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeg Kyu Kwon
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 704-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 614-052, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 614-052, Republic of Korea
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Xue X, Yu JL, Sun DQ, Kong F, Qu XJ, Zou W, Wu J, Wang RM. Curcumin induces apoptosis in SGC-7901 gastric adenocarcinoma cells via regulation of mitochondrial signaling pathways. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 15:3987-92. [PMID: 24935585 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.9.3987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin, a polyphenol compound derived from the rhizome of the plant Curcuma longa L. has been verified as an anticancer compound against several types of cancer. However, understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which it induces apoptosis is limited. In this study, the anticancer efficacy of curcumin was investigated in human gastric adenocarcinoma SGC-7901 cells. The results demonstrated that curcumin induced morphological changes and decreased cell viability. Apoptosis triggered by curcumin was visualized using Annexin V-FITC/7- AAD staining. Curcumin-induced apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells was associated with the dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and the release of cytochrome c into the cytosol. Furthermore, the down-regulation of Bcl-2 and up-regulation of Bax that led to the cleavage of caspase-3 and increased cleaved PARP was observed in SGC-7901 cells treated with curcumin. Therefore, curcumin-induced apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells might be mediated through the mitochondria pathway, which gives the rationale for in vivo studies on the utilization of curcumin as a potential cancer therapeutic compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Xue
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China E-mail :
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Zhang X, Wang Y, Han S, Xiang H, Peng Y, Wu Y, Pan S, Zhang Y, Ruan J. RY10-4 Inhibits the Proliferation of Human Hepatocellular Cancer HepG2 Cells by Inducing Apoptosis In Vitro and In Vivo. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151679. [PMID: 26974964 PMCID: PMC4790938 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the anti-tumor activity of RY10-4, a small molecular that was designed and synthesized based on the structure of protoapigenone. A previous screening study showed that RY10-4 possessed anti-proliferative effects against HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. However, the full range of RY10-4 anti-cancer effects on liver tumors and the underlying mechanisms have not been identified. Herein, employing flow cytometry, and Western blot analysis, we demonstrate that RY10-4 can induce cell cycle arrest, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptosis in HepG2 cells. In HepG2 cell xenograft tumor model, RY10-4 significantly inhibited the growth of tumors and induced apoptosis in tumor cells, with little side effects. Moreover, RY10-4 caused the suppression of STAT3 activation, which may be involved the apoptosis induction. In addition, RY10-4 inhibited the proliferation of Hep3B and HuH-7 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Taken together, our results suggest that RY10-4 has a great potential to develop as chemotherapeutic agent for liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuenong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People’s Hospital, Yichang, 443003, China
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- * E-mail: (YYW); (XZ)
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People’s Hospital, Yichang, 443003, China
- * E-mail: (YYW); (XZ)
| | - Shishi Han
- Department of Pharmacy, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People’s Hospital, Yichang, 443003, China
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Huiyao Xiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People’s Hospital, Yichang, 443003, China
| | - Yan Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People’s Hospital, Yichang, 443003, China
| | - Yinghua Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People’s Hospital, Yichang, 443003, China
| | - Songwei Pan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People’s Hospital, Yichang, 443003, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People’s Hospital, Yichang, 443003, China
| | - Jinlan Ruan
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
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Fan T, Chen J, Zhang L, Gao P, Hui Y, Xu P, Zhang X, Liu H. Bit1 knockdown contributes to growth suppression as well as the decreases of migration and invasion abilities in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via suppressing FAK-paxillin pathway. Mol Cancer 2016; 15:23. [PMID: 26956728 PMCID: PMC4782287 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-016-0507-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing evidence that Bit1 exerts different roles in the development and progression of human cancers. Although Bit1 was highly exhibited in ESCC tissues in our previous study, its roles and molecular mechanisms implicated in development and progression of ESCC remain unknown. METHODS Bit1 protein expression in ESCC cell lines and normal esophageal epithelial cell was detected by Western blotting. Bit1 protein expression mediated by Bit1 shRNA was investigated by Western blotting. MTT, migration assay, invasion experiment, ELISA and Flow cytometry were utilized to determine the effects of Bit1 knockdown on cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis, respectively. A xenograft model was used to examine in vivo tumourigenicity, and immunohistochemistry and TUNEL were utilized to evaluate the related protein expression and apoptosis. Gene microarray was determined by Agilent SurePrint G3 Human GE 8 × 60 K Microarray, the interaction of Bit1 and FAK proteins were detected by Immunoprecipitation and the key protein expressions of FAK-paxillin pathway were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS We found Bit1 expression in all human ESCC cell lines tested was significantly higher than that in normal esophageal epithelial cell Het-1A (P < 0.05), in which EC9706 presented the highest Bit1 level. Bit1 protein level was significantly downregulated at day 1 after transfection with specific shRNA against Bit1 (P < 0.05). At days 2 and 3, Bit1 level reached the lowest value after transfection with Bit1 shRNA. Moreover, Bit1 depletion contributed to growth inhibition in vitro and in vivo, reduced cell migration and invasion abilities, and induced cell apoptosis in EC9706 and TE1 cells. More importantly, Bit1 downregulation significantly lowered Bcl-2 and MMP-2 levels in EC9706 xenografted tumor tissues, meanwhile triggered apoptosis after treatment with different doses of Bit1 shRNA. Further gene microarray revealed that 23 genes in Bit1-RNAi group were markedly downregulated, whereas 16 genes were obviously upregulated. Notably, Bit1 intrinsically interacted with FAK protein in EC9706 cells. Moreover, paxillin was downregulated at mRNA and protein levels in Bit1 shRNA group, coupled with the decreases of FAK mRNA and protein expressions. CONCLUSION Bit1 may be an important regulator in cell growth, apoptosis, migration and invasion of ESCC via targeting FAK-paxillin pathway, and thereby combinative manipulation of Bit1 and FAK-paxillin pathway may be the novel and promising therapeutic targets for the patients with ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianli Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P.R. China.
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P.R. China. .,Department of Oncology, the Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450007, P.R. China.
| | - Lirong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P.R. China.
| | - Pan Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P.R. China.
| | - Yiran Hui
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P.R. China.
| | - Peirong Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P.R. China.
| | - Xiaqing Zhang
- Laboratory for Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P.R. China.
| | - Hongtao Liu
- Laboratory for Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P.R. China.
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Choi YH. Protective Effects of Isorhamnetin against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Apoptosis in C2C12 Murine Myoblasts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.15429/jkomor.2015.15.2.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine and Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-Eui University
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43
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Choi YH. Induction of apoptosis by an ethanol extract of Poria cocos Wolf. in human leukemia U937 cells. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:2533-40. [PMID: 26353048 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Poria cocos Wolf., which belongs to the Polyporaceae family, has been widely used as an Oriental traditional herbal medicine for centuries. Its sclerotium has been reported to possess a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities, including free-radical scavenging, anti-viral, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of apoptosis induction by P. cocos in human cancer cells are poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated the pro-apoptotic potential of an ethanol extract of P. cocos sclerotium (EEPC) in human leukemia U937 cells in vitro. We found that EEPC induced anti-proliferative effects in U937 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, which was due to apoptotic induction, as evident from morphological changes and flow cytometric assays. EEPC-induced apoptosis of U937 cells was associated with an increase in the Bax:Bcl-2 ratio, the release of cytochrome c to the cytosol, and a decrease in the expression of an inhibitor of the apoptosis family of proteins. The events were accompanied by activation of caspase-8, -9 and -3, and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, suggesting the involvement of both the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic cascades. In addition, the overexpression of Bcl-2 caused a significant attenuation of EEPC-induced caspase activation, degradation of PARP, and the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential, and thereby reversed EEPC-induced cell apoptosis and growth inhibition. Collectively, these data provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying EEPC-induced apoptosis in U937 cells, suggesting that EEPC may be a new therapeutic option for the treatment of leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 614-052, Republic of Korea
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Bisi A, Gobbi S, Merolle L, Farruggia G, Belluti F, Rampa A, Molnar J, Malucelli E, Cappadone C. Design, synthesis and biological profile of new inhibitors of multidrug resistance associated proteins carrying a polycyclic scaffold. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 92:471-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Nishizaki T, Kanno T, Tsuchiya A, Kaku Y, Shimizu T, Tanaka A. 1-[2-(2-Methoxyphenylamino)ethylamino]-3-(naphthalene-1- yloxy)propan-2-ol may be a promising anticancer drug. Molecules 2014; 19:21462-72. [PMID: 25532843 PMCID: PMC6271752 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191221462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
We have originally synthesized the naftopidil analogue 1-[2-(2-methoxyphenylamino)ethylamino]-3-(naphthalene-1-yloxy)propan-2-ol (HUHS 1015) as a new anticancer drug. HUHS1015 induces cell death in a wide variety of human cancer cell lines originated from malignant pleural mesothelioma, lung cancer, hepatoma, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, bladder cancer, prostate cancer, and renal cancer. HUHS1015-induced cell death includes necrosis (necroptosis) and apoptosis, and the underlying mechanism differs depending upon cancer cell types. HUHS1015 effectively suppresses tumor growth in mice inoculated with NCI-H2052, MKN45, or CW2 cells, with a potential similar to or higher than that of currently used anticancer drugs. Here we show how HUHS1015 might offer brilliant hope for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Nishizaki
- Division of Bioinformation, Department of Physiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Kanno
- Division of Bioinformation, Department of Physiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan.
| | - Ayako Tsuchiya
- Division of Bioinformation, Department of Physiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan.
| | - Yoshiko Kaku
- Division of Bioinformation, Department of Physiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan.
| | - Tadashi Shimizu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Advanced Medicinal Research Center, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, 1-3-6 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-8530, Japan.
| | - Akito Tanaka
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Advanced Medicinal Research Center, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, 1-3-6 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-8530, Japan.
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Kaefer A, Yang J, Noertersheuser P, Mensing S, Humerickhouse R, Awni W, Xiong H. Mechanism-based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic meta-analysis of navitoclax (ABT-263) induced thrombocytopenia. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2014; 74:593-602. [PMID: 25053389 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-014-2530-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Navitoclax is a first-in-class, orally bioavailable, targeted Bcl-2 family protein inhibitor and promotes apoptosis. Thrombocytopenia is a primary dose-limiting toxicity of navitoclax which exhibited a distinct time profile in circulating platelets from that caused by traditional chemotherapies. A population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model was developed to describe the pharmacokinetic of navitoclax as well as the time course of the platelet counts in cancer patients receiving navitoclax. METHODS Data from 256 patients who received oral navitoclax (dose range 10-475 mg) as a 14/21-day schedule or a continuous once daily (QD) schedule were used to construct the model using NONMEM. The PK model was a two-compartmental model with a lag-time and a transit compartment in absorption. The PD model was a semi-physiological model that comprised a progenitor cell compartment, three transition compartments representing the maturation chain in the bone marrow and a peripheral blood compartment. Compared with the previously published models, the model established in this analysis applied a different feedback mechanism and introduced a new concept of progenitor cell "pool", which describes a large pool of platelet progenitor cells at the beginning of navitoclax treatment. RESULTS The PD model was able to describe a slight downward trend of platelet counts over the long-term navitoclax treatment as observed in around 8 % of the patients and the initial drop in platelets seen in our Phase 1/2a studies. CONCLUSIONS We have developed a new semi-physiological platelet model for describing fast drop of platelets after initial navitoclax administration and long-term decline of platelets after continuous administration of navitoclax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aksana Kaefer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, AbbVie Inc., 1N. Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA,
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47
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Yang J, Pradhan RS, Rosen LS, Graham AM, Holen KD, Xiong H. Effect of rifampin on the pharmacokinetics, safety and tolerability of navitoclax (ABT-263), a dual inhibitor of Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL
, in patients with cancer. J Clin Pharm Ther 2014; 39:680-4. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.12193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Yang
- AbbVie Inc.; North Chicago IL USA
| | | | - L. S. Rosen
- UCLA Santa Monica Hematology-Oncology; Santa Monica CA USA
| | | | | | - H. Xiong
- AbbVie Inc.; North Chicago IL USA
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48
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Kaku Y, Nagaya H, Tsuchiya A, Kanno T, Gotoh A, Tanaka A, Shimizu T, Nakao S, Tabata C, Nakano T, Nishizaki T. Newly synthesized anticancer drug HUHS1015 is effective on malignant pleural mesothelioma. Cancer Sci 2014; 105:883-9. [PMID: 24754309 PMCID: PMC4317914 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The newly synthesized naftopidil analogue HUHS1015 reduced cell viability in malignant pleural mesothelioma cell lines MSTO-211H, NCI-H28, NCI-H2052, and NCI-H2452, with the potential greater than that for the anticancer drugs paclitaxel or cisplatin at concentrations higher than 30 μM. HUHS1015 induced both necrosis and apoptosis of MSTO-211H and NCI-H2052 cells. HUHS1015 upregulated expression of mRNAs for Puma, Hrk, and Noxa in MSTO-211H and NCI-H2052 cells, suggesting HUHS1015-induced mitochondrial apoptosis. HUHS1015 clearly suppressed tumor growth in mice inoculated with NCI-H2052 cells. Taken together, the results of the present study indicate that HUHS1015 could be developed as an effective anticancer drug for treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Kaku
- Division of Bioinformation, Department of Physiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
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Deng Y, Wang CC, Choy KW, Du Q, Chen J, Wang Q, Li L, Chung TKH, Tang T. Therapeutic potentials of gene silencing by RNA interference: Principles, challenges, and new strategies. Gene 2014; 538:217-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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50
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YANG QIONG, YANG KAN, LI ANYING. microRNA-21 protects against ischemia-reperfusion and hypoxia-reperfusion-induced cardiocyte apoptosis via the phosphatase and tensin homolog/Akt-dependent mechanism. Mol Med Rep 2014; 9:2213-20. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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