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Cardoso MD, Gonçalves VD, Grael AS, Pedroso VM, Pires JR, Travassos CEPF, Domit C, Vieira-Da-Motta O, Dos Prazeres Rodrigues D, Siciliano S. Detection of Escherichia coli and other Enterobacteriales members in seabirds sampled along the Brazilian coast. Prev Vet Med 2023; 218:105978. [PMID: 37544079 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.105978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Escherichia coli, an Enterobacterales member, is a normal representative of the microbiota of homeothermic animals. Most strains are commensal, but several pathotypes can cause disease, and numerous antimicrobial resistance factors have been identified. These bacteria have spread rapidly in recent years, highlighting the importance of screening the environment and non-human reservoirs for virulent strains and/or those presenting resistance factors, in addition to other microorganisms of public health importance. In this context, this study aimed to survey Enterobacteriales present in seabirds sampled along the Brazilian coast, comparing findings between migratory and resident birds, as well as between wrecked and non-wrecked animals. Escherichia coli pathotypes were also characterized through rapid seroagglutination and polymerase chain reaction techniques and antimicrobial resistance profiles were investigated through the disc agar diffusion method. Cloacal, ocular, oral, tracheal, and skin lesion swabs, as well as fresh feces, were collected from 122 seabirds. The findings indicate these animals as important hosts for opportunistic human pathogens. Escherichia coli strains were identified in 70 % of the analyzed seabirds, 62 % of which displaying resistant or intermediate profiles to at least one antimicrobial, while 7% were multiresistant. Resistance to tetracycline (22 %), nalidixic acid (15 %), trimethoprim-sulfamethozaxol (14 %) and ampicillin (12 %) were the most prevalent. Resistance to cefoxitin, a critically important antimicrobial for human medicine, was also detected. Virulence genes for one of the EAEC, ETEC or EPEC pathotypes were detected in 30 % of the identified strains, the first two described in seabirds for the first time. The EAEC gene was detected in 25 % of the sampled seabirds, all resident, 8 % of which exhibited a multidrug-resistant profile. Thus, seabirds comprise important reservoirs for this pathotype. Escherichia coli was proven an ubiquitous and well-distributed bacterium, present in all evaluated bird species and sampling sites (except Marajó Island). According to the chi-square test, no significant differences between E. coli prevalences or antimicrobial resistance profiles between migratory and resident and between wrecked and non-wrecked seabirds were observed. Thus, migratory birds do not seem to contribute significantly to E. coli frequencies, pathotypes or antimicrobial resistance rates on the Brazilian coast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maíra Duarte Cardoso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública e Meio Ambiente, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rua Leopoldo Bulhões, 1480, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Verônica Dias Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Referência Nacional de Enteroinfecções Bacterianas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Pavilhão Rocha Lima, sala 316, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Andrea Soffiatti Grael
- Setor de Animais Selvagens, Hospital Universitário de Medicina Veterinária Firmino Mársico Filho, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Avenida Almirante Ary Parreiras, 503, Vital Brazil, Niterói 24220-000, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Vanessa Marques Pedroso
- Centro de Recuperação de Animais Marinhos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rua Tenente Capitão Heitor Perdigão, 10, Centro, Rio Grande 96200-580, RS, Brazil.
| | - Jeferson Rocha Pires
- Centro de Recuperação de Fauna Silvestre, Universidade Estácio de Sá - Estrada da Boca do Mato, 850, Vargem Pequena, Rio de Janeiro 22783-320, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Eurico Pires Ferreira Travassos
- Laboratório de Sanidade Animal, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Horto, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro 28013-602, Brazil.
| | - Camila Domit
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação, Centro de Estudos do Mar, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Paraná CEP 83255-000, Brazil.
| | - Olney Vieira-Da-Motta
- Laboratório de Sanidade Animal, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Horto, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro 28013-602, Brazil.
| | - Dália Dos Prazeres Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Referência Nacional de Enteroinfecções Bacterianas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Pavilhão Rocha Lima, sala 316, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Salvatore Siciliano
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rua Leopoldo Bulhões, 1.480, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21041-910, RJ, Brazil.
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Mohr AE, Basile AJ, Sweazea KL. An urban diet differentially alters the gut microbiome and metabolomic profiles compared with a seed diet in mourning doves. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2022; 323:R385-R396. [PMID: 35913000 PMCID: PMC9484994 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00323.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Urbanization influences food quality and availability for many avian species, with increased access to human refuse and food subsidies in built environments. In relation to such nutritional intakes and their presumed impact on microbes harbored in the intestinal tract and metabolic profiles of host physiological systems, our overall knowledge of the role of gut microbiome (GM) and metabolomic expression in the avian host lags far behind our understanding of mammals. Therefore, the objective of this investigation was to examine the potential differential effect of an urban modeled versus control (i.e., bird seed) diet on the GM, the metabolic profiles of plasma, liver, adipose, kidney, and muscle tissues, and circulating endotoxin and inflammatory factors in urban-caught mourning doves (Zenaida macroura). We hypothesized that the urban diet would differently impact the profiles of the GM and tissue metabolomes and increase plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and proinflammatory factors compared with animals fed a seed diet. After a 4-wk-diet period, contents of the large intestine were sequenced to profile the microbiome, metabolomic analyses were performed on plasma and tissue homogenates, and circulating LPS and inflammatory markers were assessed. The composition of the GM was significantly dissimilar between diets, with greater abundance of Erysipelatoclostridiaceae, Sanguibacteraceae, Oribacterium, and Sanguibacter and decreased circulating LPS in the urban-fed birds. These differences were largely not reflected in the surveyed metabolomes and plasma inflammatory markers. This research supports the notion that the microbial composition in urban doves is impacted by diet, though may only weakly associate with host physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex E Mohr
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Anthony J Basile
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
| | - Karen L Sweazea
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
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3
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Seabirds Health and Conservation Medicine in Brazil. J Nat Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2022.126238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Sawicka-Durkalec A, Kursa O, Bednarz Ł, Tomczyk G. Occurrence of Mycoplasma spp. in wild birds: phylogenetic analysis and potential factors affecting distribution. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17065. [PMID: 34426624 PMCID: PMC8382738 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96577-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Different Mycoplasma species have been reported in avian hosts. However, the majority of studies focus on one particular species of Mycoplasma or one host. In our research, we screened a total of 1141 wild birds representing 55 species, 26 families, and 15 orders for the presence of mycoplasmas by conventional PCR based on the 16S rRNA gene. Selected PCR products were sequenced to perform the phylogenetic analysis. All mycoplasma-positive samples were tested for M. gallisepticum and M. synoviae, which are considered the major pathogens of commercial poultry. We also verified the influence of ecological characteristics of the tested bird species including feeding habits, habitat types, and movement patterns. The presence of Mycoplasma spp. was confirmed in 498 birds of 29 species, but none of the tested birds were positive for M. gallisepticum or M. synoviae. We found possible associations between the presence of Mycoplasma spp. and all investigated ecological factors. The phylogenetic analysis showed a high variability of Mycoplasma spp.; however, some clustering of sequences was observed regarding particular bird species. We found that wild migratory waterfowl, particularly the white-fronted goose (Anser albifrons) and mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) could be reservoirs and vectors of mycoplasmas pathogenic to commercial waterfowl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sawicka-Durkalec
- grid.419811.4Department of Poultry Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Aleja Partyzantów 57, 24-100 Puławy, Poland
| | - Olimpia Kursa
- grid.419811.4Department of Poultry Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Aleja Partyzantów 57, 24-100 Puławy, Poland
| | - Łukasz Bednarz
- Bird Horizons Foundation, Spółdzielcza 34, 24-220 Niedrzwica Duża, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Tomczyk
- grid.419811.4Department of Poultry Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Aleja Partyzantów 57, 24-100 Puławy, Poland
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The PTS Components in Klebsiella pneumoniae Affect Bacterial Capsular Polysaccharide Production and Macrophage Phagocytosis Resistance. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9020335. [PMID: 33567595 PMCID: PMC7914778 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9020335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Capsular polysaccharide (CPS) is a crucial virulence factor for Klebsiella pneumoniae infection. We demonstrated an association of CPS production with two phosphoenolpyruvate:carbohydrate phosphotransferase systems (PTSs). Deficiency of crr, encoding enzyme IIA of PTS, in K. pneumoniae enhanced the transcriptional activities of galF, wzi and gnd, which are in the cps gene cluster, leading to high CPS production. A crr mutant exhibited a higher survival rate in 1% hydrogen peroxide than the wild-type. The crr mutant showed less sensitivity to engulfment by macrophage (RAW 264.7) than the wild-type by observing the intracellular bacteria using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and by calculating the colony-forming units (CFU) of intracellular bacteria. After long-term incubation, the survival rate of the intracellular crr mutant was higher than that of the wild-type. Deficiency of crr enhanced the transcriptional activities of etcABC which encodes another putative enzyme II complex of a PTS. Deletion of etcABC in the crr mutant reduced CPS production and the transcriptional activities of galF compared to those of the crr mutant. These results indicated that one PTS component, Crr, represses CPS production by repressing another PTS component, EtcABC, in K. pneumoniae. In addition, PTS plays a role in bacterial resistance to macrophage phagocytosis.
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Wareth G, Neubauer H. The Animal-foods-environment interface of Klebsiella pneumoniae in Germany: an observational study on pathogenicity, resistance development and the current situation. Vet Res 2021; 52:16. [PMID: 33557913 PMCID: PMC7871605 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-020-00875-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella (K.) pneumoniae as a multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogen is an emerging challenge for clinicians worldwide. Virulence factors are capsular antigens, adherence factors, the O-lipopolysaccharide, and siderophores promoting infectivity. Mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance are inactivation of compounds via enzymes, change of membrane permeability, and alteration of the target site of the antimicrobial compound. In addition to environmental resistance, K. pneumoniae can survive increasing concentrations of disinfectants, if exposed. This review describes the temporal and spatial distribution of K. pneumoniae in the past decades in Germany, with emphases on the development of resistance in the non-human columns of the One-Health concept. In general, K. pneumoniae is a neglected pathogen in veterinary and environmental health, and the risk of human infection concerning animal contact and food consumption is barely investigated. Few reports exist (n = 26) on antibiotic resistance of isolates from non-human origin. Multi-drug resistance and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (MDR-ESBL) strains also resistant to carbapenems and antibiotics of the ß-lactam group harbor blaCTX-M, blaOXA, blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCMY, and PMQR have been found in animals, foods, and the environment. Colistin resistant strains carrying the mcr-1 gene were detected in wastewater. The blaCTX-M-15 and blaOXA-48 genes are the most frequently identified AMR genes in isolates of humans and were also the most predominant ESBL-genes in samples collected from animal hosts. Several aspects of the molecular epidemiology and resistance development of K. pneumoniae in farm animal populations, wildlife, and foods need intensive research. Environmental health has to be integrated into national research plans, as a lack of data is apparent. Increasing awareness of the fact that non-human sources can act as a reservoir for this pathogen has to be raised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamal Wareth
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Naumburger Street 96a, 07743, Jena, Germany. .,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, 13736, Egypt.
| | - Heinrich Neubauer
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Naumburger Street 96a, 07743, Jena, Germany
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Łopińska A, Indykiewicz P, Skiebe E, Pfeifer Y, Trček J, Jerzak L, Minias P, Nowakowski J, Ledwoń M, Betleja J, Wilharm G. Low Occurrence of Acinetobacter baumannii in Gulls and Songbirds. Pol J Microbiol 2020; 69:1-6. [PMID: 32162853 PMCID: PMC7256842 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2020-011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a worldwide occurring nosocomial pathogen, the natural habitats of which remain to be defined. Recently, white stork nestlings have been described as a recurring source of A. baumannii. Here, we challenged the hypothesis of a general preference of A. baumannii for avian hosts. Taking advantage of campaigns to ring free-living birds, we collected cloacal swab samples from 741 black-headed gulls (Chroicocephalus ridibundus) in Poland, tracheal and cloacal swabs from 285 songbirds in Poland as well as tracheal swabs from 25 songbirds in Slovenia and screened those for the growth of A. baumannii on CHROMagar™ Acinetobacter. Of the 1,051 samples collected only two yielded A. baumannii isolates. Each carried one variant of the blaOXA-51-like gene, i.e. OXA-71 and OXA-208, which have been described previously in clinical isolates of A. baumannii. In conclusion, our data do not support a general preference of A. baumannii for avian hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andżelina Łopińska
- Robert Koch Institute , Wernigerode Branch, Wernigerode , Germany ; Institute of Biological Sciences , University of Zielona Góra , Zielona Góra , Poland
| | - Piotr Indykiewicz
- Department of Biology and Animal Environment , Faculty of Animal Breeding and Biology , UTP University of Science and Technology , Bydgoszcz , Poland
| | - Evelyn Skiebe
- Robert Koch Institute , Wernigerode Branch, Wernigerode , Germany
| | - Yvonne Pfeifer
- Robert Koch Institute , Wernigerode Branch, Wernigerode , Germany
| | - Janja Trček
- Department of Biology , Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics , University of Maribor , Maribor , Slovenia
| | - Leszek Jerzak
- Institute of Biological Sciences , University of Zielona Góra , Zielona Góra , Poland
| | - Piotr Minias
- Department of Biodiversity Studies and Bioeducation , Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection , University of Łódź , Łódź , Poland
| | - Jacek Nowakowski
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection , Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology , University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn , Olsztyn , Poland
| | - Mateusz Ledwoń
- Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences , Kraków , Poland
| | - Jacek Betleja
- Upper Silesian Museum , Department of Natural History , Bytom , Poland
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8
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Smith OM, Snyder WE, Owen JP. Are we overestimating risk of enteric pathogen spillover from wild birds to humans? Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2020; 95:652-679. [PMID: 32003106 PMCID: PMC7317827 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Enteric illnesses remain the second largest source of communicable diseases worldwide, and wild birds are suspected sources for human infection. This has led to efforts to reduce pathogen spillover through deterrence of wildlife and removal of wildlife habitat, particularly within farming systems, which can compromise conservation efforts and the ecosystem services wild birds provide. Further, Salmonella spp. are a significant cause of avian mortality, leading to additional conservation concerns. Despite numerous studies of enteric bacteria in wild birds and policies to discourage birds from food systems, we lack a comprehensive understanding of wild bird involvement in transmission of enteric bacteria to humans. Here, we propose a framework for understanding spillover of enteric pathogens from wild birds to humans, which includes pathogen acquisition, reservoir competence and bacterial shedding, contact with people and food, and pathogen survival in the environment. We place the literature into this framework to identify important knowledge gaps. Second, we conduct a meta‐analysis of prevalence data for three human enteric pathogens, Campylobacter spp., E. coli, and Salmonella spp., in 431 North American breeding bird species. Our literature review revealed that only 3% of studies addressed the complete system of pathogen transmission. In our meta‐analysis, we found a Campylobacter spp. prevalence of 27% across wild birds, while prevalence estimates of pathogenic E. coli (20%) and Salmonella spp. (6.4%) were lower. There was significant bias in which bird species have been tested, with most studies focusing on a small number of taxa that are common near people (e.g. European starlings Sturnus vulgaris and rock pigeons Columba livia) or commonly in contact with human waste (e.g. gulls). No pathogen prevalence data were available for 65% of North American breeding bird species, including many commonly in contact with humans (e.g. black‐billed magpie Pica hudsonia and great blue heron Ardea herodias), and our metadata suggest that some under‐studied species, taxonomic groups, and guilds may represent equivalent or greater risk to human infection than heavily studied species. We conclude that current data do not provide sufficient information to determine the likelihood of enteric pathogen spillover from wild birds to humans and thus preclude management solutions. The primary focus in the literature on pathogen prevalence likely overestimates the probability of enteric pathogen spillover from wild birds to humans because a pathogen must survive long enough at an infectious dose and be a strain that is able to colonize humans to cause infection. We propose that future research should focus on the large number of under‐studied species commonly in contact with people and food production and demonstrate shedding of bacterial strains pathogenic to humans into the environment where people may contact them. Finally, studies assessing the duration and intensity of bacterial shedding and survival of bacteria in the environment in bird faeces will help provide crucial missing information necessary to calculate spillover probability. Addressing these essential knowledge gaps will support policy to reduce enteric pathogen spillover to humans and enhance bird conservation efforts that are currently undermined by unsupported fears of pathogen spillover from wild birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia M Smith
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, P.O. Box 644236, Pullman, WA, 99164, U.S.A
| | - William E Snyder
- Department of Entomology, Washington State University, 100 Dairy Road, P.O. Box 646382, Pullman, WA, 99164, U.S.A
| | - Jeb P Owen
- Department of Entomology, Washington State University, 100 Dairy Road, P.O. Box 646382, Pullman, WA, 99164, U.S.A
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Gonçalves Pessoa RB, de Oliveira WF, Marques DSC, Dos Santos Correia MT, de Carvalho EVMM, Coelho LCBB. The genus Aeromonas: A general approach. Microb Pathog 2019; 130:81-94. [PMID: 30849490 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The genus Aeromonas comprises more than thirty Gram-negative bacterial species which mostly act as opportunistic microorganisms. These bacteria are distributed naturally in diverse aquatic ecosystems, where they are easily isolated from animals such as fish and crustaceans. A capacity for adaptation also makes Aeromonas able to colonize terrestrial environments and their inhabitants, so these microorganisms can be identified from different sources, such as soils, plants, fruits, vegetables, birds, reptiles, amphibians, among others. Infectious processes usually develop in immunocompromised humans; in fish and other marine animals this process occurs under conditions of stress. Such events are most often associated with incorrect practices in aquaculture. Aeromonas has element diverse ranges, denominated virulence factors, which promote adhesion, colonization and invasion into host cells. These virulence factors, such as membrane components, enzymes and toxins, for example, are differentially expressed among species, making some strains more virulent than others. Due to their diversity, no single virulence factor was considered determinant in the infectious process generated by these microorganisms. Unlike other genera, Aeromonas species are erroneously differentiated by conventional biochemical tests. Therefore, molecular assays are necessary for this purpose. Nevertheless, new means of identification have been considered in order to generate methods that, like molecular tests, can correctly identify these microorganisms. The main objectives of this review are to explain environmental and structural characteristics of the Aeromonas genus and to discuss virulence mechanisms that these bacteria use to infect aquatic organisms and humans, which are important aspects for aquaculture and public health, respectively. In addition, this review aims to clarify new tests for the precise identification of the species of Aeromonas, contributing to the exact and specific diagnosis of infections by these microorganisms and consequently the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Bastos Gonçalves Pessoa
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Weslley Felix de Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Diego Santa Clara Marques
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Maria Tereza Dos Santos Correia
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Elba Verônica Matoso Maciel de Carvalho
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Luana Cassandra Breitenbach Barroso Coelho
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
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Leclaire S, Strandh M, Dell'Ariccia G, Gabirot M, Westerdahl H, Bonadonna F. Plumage microbiota covaries with the major histocompatibility complex in blue petrels. Mol Ecol 2019; 28:833-846. [PMID: 30582649 DOI: 10.1111/mec.14993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
To increase fitness, a wide range of vertebrates preferentially mate with partners that are dissimilar at the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) or that have high MHC diversity. Although MHC often can be assessed through olfactory cues, the mechanism by which MHC genes influence odour remains largely unclear. MHC class IIB molecules, which enable recognition and elimination of extracellular bacteria, have been suggested to influence odour indirectly by shaping odour-producing microbiota, i.e. bacterial communities. However, there is little evidence of the predicted covariation between an animal's MHC genotype and its bacterial communities in scent-producing body surfaces. Here, using high-throughput sequencing, we tested the covariation between MHC class IIB genotypes and feather microbiota in the blue petrel (Halobaena caerulea), a seabird with highly developed olfaction that has been suggested to rely on oduor cues during an MHC-based mate choice. First, we show that individuals with similar MHC class IIB profiles also have similar bacterial assemblages in their feathers. Then, we show that individuals with high MHC diversity have less diverse feather microbiota and also a reduced abundance of a bacterium of the genus Arsenophonus, a genus in which some species are symbionts of avian ectoparasites. Our results, showing that feather microbiota covary with MHC, are consistent with the hypothesis that individual MHC genotype may shape the semiochemical-producing microbiota in birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Leclaire
- Laboratoire Evolution & Diversité Biologique, UMR 5174 (CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, ENFA), Toulouse, France.,Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, CNRS-CEFE, Montpellier, France
| | - Maria Strandh
- Molecular Ecology and Evolution Lab, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gaia Dell'Ariccia
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, CNRS-CEFE, Montpellier, France
| | - Marianne Gabirot
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, CNRS-CEFE, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Francesco Bonadonna
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, CNRS-CEFE, Montpellier, France
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Wyres KL, Holt KE. Klebsiella pneumoniae as a key trafficker of drug resistance genes from environmental to clinically important bacteria. Curr Opin Microbiol 2018; 45:131-139. [PMID: 29723841 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen known for its high frequency and diversity of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes. In addition to being a significant clinical problem in its own right, K. pneumoniae is the species within which several new AMR genes were first discovered before spreading to other pathogens (e.g. carbapenem-resistance genes KPC, OXA-48 and NDM-1). Whilst K. pneumoniae's contribution to the overall AMR crisis is impossible to quantify, current evidence suggests it has a wider ecological distribution, significantly more varied DNA composition, greater AMR gene diversity and a higher plasmid burden than other Gram negative opportunists. Hence we propose it plays a key role in disseminating AMR genes from environmental microbes to clinically important pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly L Wyres
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Rd, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Kathryn E Holt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Rd, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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12
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Cardoso MD, Lemos LS, Roges EM, de Moura JF, Tavares DC, Matias CAR, Rodrigues DP, Siciliano S. A comprehensive survey of Aeromonas sp. and Vibrio sp. in seabirds from southeastern Brazil: outcomes for public health. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 124:1283-1293. [PMID: 29356247 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To perform a microbiological survey regarding the presence, prevalence and characterization of Aeromonas sp. and Vibrio sp. in debilitated wrecked marine birds recovered from the centre-north coast of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. METHODS AND RESULTS Swabs obtained from 116 alive and debilitated wrecked marine birds, comprising 19 species, from the study area were evaluated by biochemical methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests and pathogenicity gene screening were performed for bacterial strains of public health importance. Vibrio sp. and Aeromonas sp. were identified, as well as certain pathogenic genes and resistance to selected antimicrobials. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that the identified bacteria, mainly Vibrio sp., are fairly prevalent and widespread among several species of seabirds and highlights the importance of migratory birds in bacterial dispersion. In addition, it demonstrates the importance of the bacterial strains regarding their pathogenic potential. Therefore, seabirds can act as bacterial reservoirs, and their monitoring is of the utmost importance in a public health context. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The study comprehensively evaluates the importance of seabirds as bacteria of public health importance reservoirs, since birds comprising several pathogenic bacterial species were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Cardoso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública e Meio Ambiente, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - L S Lemos
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Geospatial Ecology of Marine Megafauna Laboratory, Hatfield Marine Science Center, Newport, OR, USA
| | - E M Roges
- Laboratório de Referência Nacional de Enteroinfecções Bacterianas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - J F de Moura
- Systems Ecology, Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research-ZMT, Bremen, Germany
| | - D C Tavares
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - C A R Matias
- Departamento de Epidemiologia e Saúde Pública, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - D P Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Referência Nacional de Enteroinfecções Bacterianas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - S Siciliano
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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13
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Videvall E, Strandh M, Engelbrecht A, Cloete S, Cornwallis CK. Measuring the gut microbiome in birds: Comparison of faecal and cloacal sampling. Mol Ecol Resour 2017; 18:424-434. [PMID: 29205893 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.12744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The gut microbiomes of birds and other animals are increasingly being studied in ecological and evolutionary contexts. Numerous studies on birds and reptiles have made inferences about gut microbiota using cloacal sampling; however, it is not known whether the bacterial community of the cloaca provides an accurate representation of the gut microbiome. We examined the accuracy with which cloacal swabs and faecal samples measure the microbiota in three different parts of the gastrointestinal tract (ileum, caecum, and colon) using a case study on juvenile ostriches, Struthio camelus, and high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing. We found that faeces were significantly better than cloacal swabs in representing the bacterial community of the colon. Cloacal samples had a higher abundance of Gammaproteobacteria and fewer Clostridia relative to the gut and faecal samples. However, both faecal and cloacal samples were poor representatives of the microbial communities in the caecum and ileum. Furthermore, the accuracy of each sampling method in measuring the abundance of different bacterial taxa was highly variable: Bacteroidetes was the most highly correlated phylum between all three gut sections and both methods, whereas Actinobacteria, for example, was only strongly correlated between faecal and colon samples. Based on our results, we recommend sampling faeces, whenever possible, as this sample type provides the most accurate assessment of the colon microbiome. The fact that neither sampling technique accurately portrayed the bacterial community of the ileum nor the caecum illustrates the difficulty in noninvasively monitoring gut bacteria located further up in the gastrointestinal tract. These results have important implications for the interpretation of avian gut microbiome studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Videvall
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria Strandh
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anel Engelbrecht
- Directorate Animal Sciences, Western Cape Department of Agriculture, Elsenburg, South Africa
| | - Schalk Cloete
- Directorate Animal Sciences, Western Cape Department of Agriculture, Elsenburg, South Africa.,Department of Animal Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa
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14
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Wilharm G, Skiebe E, Higgins PG, Poppel MT, Blaschke U, Leser S, Heider C, Heindorf M, Brauner P, Jäckel U, Böhland K, Cuny C, Łopińska A, Kaminski P, Kasprzak M, Bochenski M, Ciebiera O, Tobółka M, Żołnierowicz KM, Siekiera J, Seifert H, Gagné S, Salcedo SP, Kaatz M, Layer F, Bender JK, Fuchs S, Semmler T, Pfeifer Y, Jerzak L. Relatedness of wildlife and livestock avian isolates of the nosocomial pathogenAcinetobacter baumanniito lineages spread in hospitals worldwide. Environ Microbiol 2017; 19:4349-4364. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.13931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gottfried Wilharm
- Wernigerode Branch; Robert Koch Institute, Burgstr. 37; Wernigerode D-38855 Germany
| | - Evelyn Skiebe
- Wernigerode Branch; Robert Koch Institute, Burgstr. 37; Wernigerode D-38855 Germany
| | - Paul G. Higgins
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene; University of Cologne; Cologne D-50935 Germany
- Partner site Bonn-Cologne; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF); Germany
| | - Marie T. Poppel
- Wernigerode Branch; Robert Koch Institute, Burgstr. 37; Wernigerode D-38855 Germany
| | - Ulrike Blaschke
- Wernigerode Branch; Robert Koch Institute, Burgstr. 37; Wernigerode D-38855 Germany
| | - Sarah Leser
- Wernigerode Branch; Robert Koch Institute, Burgstr. 37; Wernigerode D-38855 Germany
| | - Christine Heider
- Wernigerode Branch; Robert Koch Institute, Burgstr. 37; Wernigerode D-38855 Germany
| | - Magdalena Heindorf
- Wernigerode Branch; Robert Koch Institute, Burgstr. 37; Wernigerode D-38855 Germany
| | - Paul Brauner
- Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Nöldnerstr. 40-42; Berlin D-10317 Germany
| | - Udo Jäckel
- Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Nöldnerstr. 40-42; Berlin D-10317 Germany
| | | | - Christiane Cuny
- Wernigerode Branch; Robert Koch Institute, Burgstr. 37; Wernigerode D-38855 Germany
| | - Andżelina Łopińska
- Faculty of Biological Sciences; University of Zielona Góra, Prof. Z. Szafrana Street 1; 65-561 Zielona Góra Poland
| | - Piotr Kaminski
- Faculty of Biological Sciences; University of Zielona Góra, Prof. Z. Szafrana Street 1; 65-561 Zielona Góra Poland
- Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Faculty of Medicine; Department of Medical Biology, Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection; M. Skłodowska-Curie St. 9, PL 85-094 Bydgoszcz Poland
| | - Mariusz Kasprzak
- Faculty of Biological Sciences; University of Zielona Góra, Prof. Z. Szafrana Street 1; 65-561 Zielona Góra Poland
| | - Marcin Bochenski
- Faculty of Biological Sciences; University of Zielona Góra, Prof. Z. Szafrana Street 1; 65-561 Zielona Góra Poland
| | - Olaf Ciebiera
- Faculty of Biological Sciences; University of Zielona Góra, Prof. Z. Szafrana Street 1; 65-561 Zielona Góra Poland
| | - Marcin Tobółka
- Institute of Zoology; Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71C; 60-625 Poznań Poland
| | - Katarzyna M. Żołnierowicz
- Institute of Zoology; Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71C; 60-625 Poznań Poland
| | | | - Harald Seifert
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene; University of Cologne; Cologne D-50935 Germany
- Partner site Bonn-Cologne; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF); Germany
| | - Stéphanie Gagné
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Structural Biochemistry; University of Lyon, CNRS UMR 5086; Lyon F-69367 France
| | - Suzana P. Salcedo
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Structural Biochemistry; University of Lyon, CNRS UMR 5086; Lyon F-69367 France
| | - Michael Kaatz
- Vogelschutzwarte Storchenhof Loburg e.V, Chausseestr. 18; Loburg D-39279 Germany
| | - Franziska Layer
- Wernigerode Branch; Robert Koch Institute, Burgstr. 37; Wernigerode D-38855 Germany
| | - Jennifer K. Bender
- Wernigerode Branch; Robert Koch Institute, Burgstr. 37; Wernigerode D-38855 Germany
| | - Stephan Fuchs
- Wernigerode Branch; Robert Koch Institute, Burgstr. 37; Wernigerode D-38855 Germany
| | | | - Yvonne Pfeifer
- Wernigerode Branch; Robert Koch Institute, Burgstr. 37; Wernigerode D-38855 Germany
| | - Leszek Jerzak
- Faculty of Biological Sciences; University of Zielona Góra, Prof. Z. Szafrana Street 1; 65-561 Zielona Góra Poland
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15
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Elmberg J, Berg C, Lerner H, Waldenström J, Hessel R. Potential disease transmission from wild geese and swans to livestock, poultry and humans: a review of the scientific literature from a One Health perspective. Infect Ecol Epidemiol 2017; 7:1300450. [PMID: 28567210 PMCID: PMC5443079 DOI: 10.1080/20008686.2017.1300450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There are more herbivorous waterfowl (swans and geese) close to humans, livestock and poultry than ever before. This creates widespread conflict with agriculture and other human interests, but also debate about the role of swans and geese as potential vectors of disease of relevance for human and animal health. Using a One Health perspective, we provide the first comprehensive review of the scientific literature about the most relevant viral, bacterial, and unicellular pathogens occurring in wild geese and swans. Research thus far suggests that these birds may play a role in transmission of avian influenza virus, Salmonella, Campylobacter, and antibiotic resistance. On the other hand, at present there is no evidence that geese and swans play a role in transmission of Newcastle disease, duck plague, West Nile virus, Vibrio, Yersinia, Clostridium, Chlamydophila, and Borrelia. Finally, based on present knowledge it is not possible to say if geese and swans play a role in transmission of Escherichia coli, Pasteurella, Helicobacter, Brachyspira, Cryptosporidium, Giardia, and Microsporidia. This is largely due to changes in classification and taxonomy, rapid development of identification methods and lack of knowledge about host specificity. Previous research tends to overrate the role of geese and swans as disease vectors; we do not find any evidence that they are significant transmitters to humans or livestock of any of the pathogens considered in this review. Nevertheless, it is wise to keep poultry and livestock separated from small volume waters used by many wild waterfowl, but there is no need to discourage livestock grazing in nature reserves or pastures where geese and swans are present. Under some circumstances it is warranted to discourage swans and geese from using wastewater ponds, drinking water reservoirs, and public beaches. Intensified screening of swans and geese for AIV, West Nile virus and anatid herpesvirus is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Elmberg
- Division of Natural Sciences, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Berg
- Department of Animal Environment and Health, SLU Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skara, Sweden
| | - Henrik Lerner
- Department of Health Care Sciences, Ersta Sköndal Bräcke University College, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Waldenström
- Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems, Linneaus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Rebecca Hessel
- Division of Natural Sciences, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
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Abstract
After many years in the family Vibrionaceae, the genus Plesiomonas, represented by a single species, P. shigelloides, currently resides in the family Enterobacteriaceae, although its most appropriate phylogenetic position may yet to be determined. Common environmental reservoirs for plesiomonads include freshwater ecosystems and estuaries and inhabitants of these aquatic environs. Long suspected as being an etiologic agent of bacterial gastroenteritis, convincing evidence supporting this conclusion has accumulated over the past 2 decades in the form of a series of foodborne outbreaks solely or partially attributable to P. shigelloides. The prevalence of P. shigelloides enteritis varies considerably, with higher rates reported from Southeast Asia and Africa and lower numbers from North America and Europe. Reasons for these differences may include hygiene conditions, dietary habits, regional occupations, or other unknown factors. Other human illnesses caused by P. shigelloides include septicemia and central nervous system disease, eye infections, and a variety of miscellaneous ailments. For years, recognizable virulence factors potentially associated with P. shigelloides pathogenicity were lacking; however, several good candidates now have been reported, including a cytotoxic hemolysin, iron acquisition systems, and lipopolysaccharide. While P. shigelloides is easy to identify biochemically, it is often overlooked in stool samples due to its smaller colony size or relatively low prevalence in gastrointestinal samples. However, one FDA-approved PCR-based culture-independent diagnostic test system to detect multiple enteropathogens (FilmArray) includes P. shigelloides on its panel. Plesiomonads produce β-lactamases but are typically susceptible to many first-line antimicrobial agents, including quinolones and carbapenems.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Michael Janda
- Kern County Public Health Laboratory, Department of Public Health Services, Bakersfield, California, USA
| | - Sharon L Abbott
- Microbial Diseases Laboratory, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, California, USA
| | - Christopher J McIver
- Microbiology Department (SEALS), St. George Hospital, Kogarah, and School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, NSW, Sydney, Australia
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17
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Matsuyama R, Kuninaga N, Morimoto T, Shibano T, Sudo A, Sudo K, Asano M, Suzuki M, Asai T. Isolation and antimicrobial susceptibility of Plesiomonas shigelloides from great cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo hanedae) in Gifu and Shiga Prefectures, Japan. J Vet Med Sci 2015; 77:1179-81. [PMID: 25892535 PMCID: PMC4591164 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.15-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Plesiomonas shigelloides is a causal agent of gastroenteritis, sepsis
and meningitis in humans. We examined the prevalence of P. shigelloides
among great cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo hanedae) in Japan and the
antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates. P. shigelloides was isolated
from 33 (47.8%) of 69 fecal samples from great cormorants in 2014. All 33 isolates were
subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing using broth microdilution methods, which
showed resistance to ampicillin (31 isolates, 93.9%), tetracycline (two isolates, 6.1%)
and trimethoprim (one isolate, 3.0%). The high prevalence of P.
shigelloides in the great cormorants implicates the possible microbiological
risk to public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Matsuyama
- The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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