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Werlinger P, Nguyen HT, Gu M, Cho JH, Cheng J, Suh JW. Lactobacillus reuteri MJM60668 Prevent Progression of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease through Anti-Adipogenesis and Anti-inflammatory Pathway. Microorganisms 2022; 10:2203. [PMID: 36363795 PMCID: PMC9696116 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10112203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NALFD) is a disease characterized by liver steatosis. The liver is a key organ involved in the metabolism of fat, protein, and carbohydrate, enzyme activation, and storage of glycogen, which is closely related to the intestine by the bidirectional relation of the gut-liver axis. Abnormal intestinal microbiota composition can affect energy metabolism and lipogenesis. In this experiment, we investigated the beneficial effect of Lactobacillus reuteri MJM60668 on lipid metabolism and lipogenesis. C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and orally administrated with MJM60668. Our results showed that mice treated with MJM60668 significantly decreased liver weight and liver/body weight ratio, without affecting food intake. Serum levels of ALT, AST, TG, TCHO, and IL-1β in mice fed with MJM60668 were decreased compared to the HFD group. Investigation of gene and protein expression on the lipogenesis and lipid metabolism showed that the expression of ACC, FAS, and SREBP was decreased, and PPARα and CPT was increased. Furthermore, an increase of adiponectin in serum was shown in our experiment. Moreover, serum IL-1β level was also significantly decreased in the treated mice. These results suggested that MJM60668 can strongly inhibit lipogenesis, enhance fatty acid oxidation, and suppress inflammation. Additionally, supplementation of MJM60668 increased the proportion of Akkermansiaceae and Lachnospiracea, confirming a potential improvement of gut microbiota, which is related to mucus barrier and decrease of triglycerides levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Werlinger
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biomodulation, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Korea
| | - Huong Thi Nguyen
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biomodulation, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Korea
| | - Mingkun Gu
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biomodulation, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Korea
| | - Joo-Hyung Cho
- Myongji Bioefficacy Research Center, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Korea
| | - Jinhua Cheng
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biomodulation, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Korea
- Myongji Bioefficacy Research Center, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Korea
| | - Joo-Won Suh
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biomodulation, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Korea
- Myongji Bioefficacy Research Center, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Korea
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Zhang YQ, Zhang S, Sun ML, Su HN, Li HY, Kun-Liu, Zhang YZ, Chen XL, Cao HY, Song XY. Antibacterial activity of peptaibols from Trichoderma longibrachiatum SMF2 against gram-negative Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, the causal agent of bacterial leaf blight on rice. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1034779. [PMID: 36304956 PMCID: PMC9595671 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1034779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial leaf blight caused by Gram-negative pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is one of the most destructive bacterial diseases on rice. Due to the resistance, toxicity and environmental issues of chemical bactericides, new biological strategies are still in need. Although peptaibols produced by Trichoderma spp. can inhibit the growth of several Gram-positive bacteria and plant fungal pathogens, it still remains unclear whether peptaibols have anti-Xoo activity to control bacterial leaf blight on rice. In this study, we evaluated the antibacterial effects of Trichokonins A (TKA), peptaibols produced by Trichoderma longibrachiatum SMF2, against Xoo. The in vitro antibacterial activity analysis showed that the growth of Xoo was significantly inhibited by TKA, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 54 μg/mL and that the three TKs in TKA all had remarkable anti-Xoo activity. Further inhibitory mechanism analyses revealed that TKA treatments resulted in the damage of Xoo cell morphology and the release of intracellular substances, such as proteins and nucleic acids, from Xoo cells, suggesting the damage of the permeability of Xoo cell membrane by TKA. Pathogenicity analyses showed that the lesion length on rice leaf was significantly reduced by 82.2% when treated with 27 μg/mL TKA. This study represents the first report of the antibacterial activity of peptaibols against a Gram-negative bacterium. Thus, TKA can be of a promising agent in controlling bacterial leaf blight on rice.
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Kapoor R, Saini A, Sharma D. Indispensable role of microbes in anticancer drugs and discovery trends. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:4885-4906. [PMID: 35819512 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12046-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Recent years have seen an increased focus on the advancement of naturally derived products for the treatment of cancer. Since the beginning of recorded history, nature has provided a variety of medicinal agents, and an overwhelming number of drugs that we have today are derived from natural sources. Such natural agents are prominently used to treat several diseases such as diabetes, malaria, Alzheimer's, pulmonary disorders, etc. with cancer being the highlight of this review. Due to the rapid development of resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs, the hunt for effective novel drugs is still a paramount concern in cancer treatment. Moreover, many chemotherapy drugs typically have high toxicity and adverse side effects, which necessitates the need to develop anti-tumor drugs that can be employed to treat deadly tumors with fewer negative effects on health and better efficacy. Isolation of several chemotherapeutic drugs has been conducted from a wide range of natural sources which include plants, microbes, fungi, and marine microorganisms. Considering the trends of previous decades, microbial diversity has grown to play a significant role in the formulation of pharmaceuticals and drugs, especially antibiotics and anti-cancer medications. Microbe-derived antitumor antibiotics such as anthracycline, epothilones, bleomycin, actinomycin, and staurosporine are amongst the widely used cancer chemotherapeutic agents. This review deals majorly with microbe-derived anticancer drugs taking into account their derivatives, mechanism of action, isolation procedures, limitations, and tumors targeted by them. This article also reports the phase of clinical study these drugs are undergoing. Moreover, it intends to portray the indispensable part that these microbes have been playing since time immemorial in the odyssey of chemotherapeutic agents. KEY POINTS: • Microbial diversity contributes heavily towards the formulation of anticancer drugs. • Polypeptides, carbohydrates, and alkaloids are prevalent microbe-based drug classes. • Microbe-derived anticancer agents target various sarcomas, carcinomas, and lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ridam Kapoor
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.,Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector 81, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Anamika Saini
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302006, India.,Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector 81, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Deepika Sharma
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector 81, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India.
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Natural Protein Kinase Inhibitors, Staurosporine, and Chelerythrine Suppress Wheat Blast Disease Caused by Magnaporthe oryzae Triticum. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10061186. [PMID: 35744705 PMCID: PMC9230996 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10061186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein kinases (PKs), being key regulatory enzymes of a wide range of signaling pathways, are potential targets for antifungal agents. Wheat blast disease, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae Triticum (MoT), is an existential threat to world food security. During the screening process of natural metabolites against MoT fungus, we find that two protein kinase inhibitors, staurosporine and chelerythrine chloride, remarkably inhibit MoT hyphal growth. This study further investigates the effects of staurosporine and chelerythrine chloride on MoT hyphal growth, conidia production, and development as well as wheat blast inhibition in comparison to a commercial fungicide, Nativo®75WG. The growth of MoT mycelia is significantly inhibited by these compounds in a dose-dependent manner. These natural compounds greatly reduce conidia production in MoT mycelia along with suppression of conidial germination and triggered lysis, resulting in deformed germ tubes and appressoria. These metabolites greatly suppress blast development in artificially inoculated wheat plants in the field. This is the first report of the antagonistic effect of these two natural PKC inhibitory alkaloids on MoT fungal developmental processes in vitro and suppression of wheat blast disease on both leaves and spikes in vivo. Further research is needed to identify their precise mechanism of action to consider them as biopesticides or lead compounds for controlling wheat blast.
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Potential Probiotic Lacticaseibacillus paracasei MJM60396 Prevents Hyperuricemia in a Multiple Way by Absorbing Purine, Suppressing Xanthine Oxidase and Regulating Urate Excretion in Mice. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10050851. [PMID: 35630296 PMCID: PMC9146106 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10050851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperuricemia is a metabolic disorder caused by increased uric acid (UA) synthesis or decreased UA excretion. Changes in eating habits have led to an increase in the consumption of purine-rich foods, which is closely related to hyperuricemia. Therefore, decreased purine absorption, increased UA excretion, and decreased UA synthesis are the main strategies to ameliorate hyperuricemia. This study aimed to screen the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with purine degrading ability and examine the serum UA-lowering effect in a hyperuricemia mouse model. As a result, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei MJM60396 was selected from 22 LAB isolated from fermented foods for 100% assimilation of inosine and guanosine. MJM60396 showed probiotic characteristics and safety properties. In the animal study, the serum uric acid was significantly reduced to a normal level after oral administration of MJM60396 for 3 weeks. The amount of xanthine oxidase, which catalyzes the formation of uric acid, decreased by 81%, and the transporters for excretion of urate were upregulated. Histopathological analysis showed that the damaged glomerulus, Bowman’s capsule, and tubules of the kidney caused by hyperuricemia was relieved. In addition, the impaired intestinal barrier was recovered and the expression of tight junction proteins, ZO-1 and occludin, was increased. Analysis of the microbiome showed that the relative abundance of Muribaculaceae and Lachnospiraceae bacteria, which were related to the intestinal barrier integrity, was increased in the MJM60396 group. Therefore, these results demonstrated that L. paracasei MJM60396 can prevent hyperuricemia in multiple ways by absorbing purines, decreasing UA synthesis by suppressing xanthine oxidase, and increasing UA excretion by regulating urate transporters.
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Lee Y, Kim N, Werlinger P, Suh DA, Lee H, Cho JH, Cheng J. Probiotic Characterization of Lactobacillus brevis MJM60390 and In Vivo Assessment of Its Antihyperuricemic Activity. J Med Food 2022; 25:367-380. [PMID: 35438552 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2021.k.0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Uric acid is the final product of purine metabolism in human. The increase of serum uric acid is tightly related to the incidence of hyperuricemia and gout. Also, it has been reported that the intake of purine-rich foods like meat and seafood is associated with an increased risk of gout. Therefore, the reduction of purine absorption is one of therapeutic approaches to prevent hyperuricemia and gout. Currently, probiotics are being studied for the management of hyperuricemia and gout. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus brevis MJM60390 on hyperuricemia induced by a high-purine diet and potassium oxonate in a mouse model. L. brevis MJM60390 among 24 lactic acid bacteria isolated from fermented foods showed the highest ability to assimilate inosine and guanosine in vitro and typical probiotic characteristics, like the absence of bioamine production, D-lactate production, hemolytic activity, as well as tolerance to simulated orogastrointestinal conditions and adherence to Caco-2 cells. In an in vivo animal study, the uric acid level in serum was significantly reduced to a normal level after oral administration of L. brevis MJM60390 for 2 weeks. The activity of xanthine oxidase catalyzing the formation of uric acid was also inhibited by 30%. Interestingly, damage to the glomerulus, Bowman's capsule, and tubules in the hyperuricemia model were reversed by supplementation with this strain. Fecal microbiome analysis revealed that L. brevis MJM60390 supplementation enhanced the relative abundance of the Rikenellaceae family, which produces the short-chain fatty acid butyrate and helps to maintain good gut condition. Therefore, these results demonstrated that L. brevis MJM60390 can be a probiotic candidate to prevent hyperuricemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjin Lee
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Program of Biomodulation, and Myongji University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
| | - Neagawooridwimeu Kim
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Program of Biomodulation, and Myongji University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
| | - Pia Werlinger
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Program of Biomodulation, and Myongji University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
| | - Dong-A Suh
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Program of Biomodulation, and Myongji University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
| | - Hanki Lee
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Program of Biomodulation, and Myongji University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
| | - Joo-Hyung Cho
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Program of Biomodulation, and Myongji University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
| | - Jinhua Cheng
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Program of Biomodulation, and Myongji University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea.,Myongji Bioefficacy Research Center, Myongji University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
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Shi T, Guo X, Zhu J, Hu L, He Z, Jiang D. Inhibitory Effects of Carbazomycin B Produced by Streptomyces roseoverticillatus 63 Against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:616937. [PMID: 33841348 PMCID: PMC8024497 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.616937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present manuscript highlights the potential role of Streptomyces roseoverticillatus 63 (Sr-63) against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), which is the cause of a disastrous bacterial leaf blight disease with rice worldwide. The disease suppression was achieved under greenhouse conditions. A foliar spray of the fermentation broth of Sr-63 significantly reduced the leaf blight symptoms with rice in Xoo inoculated rice plants. Furthermore, we observed that the carbazomycin B, isolated from the fermentation broth of Sr-63, was demonstrated to have antibacterial activity against Xoo with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 8 μg mL-1. The results indicated that carbzomycin B hampered the membrane formation of Xoo, reduced the production of xanthomonadin and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). The fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FT-IR) indicated that carbazomycin B changed the components of the cell membrane, then caused a change of the cell surface hydrophobicity of Xoo. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the Xoo cells treated with carbazomycin B exhibited apparent structural deformation. The results also indicated that carbazomycin B had a negative impact on the metabolism of Xoo, carbazomycin B reduced the activity of malate dehydrogenase (MDH) activity and suppressed the protein expression of Xoo. Overall, our data suggests that Streptomyces roseoverticillatus 63 is a promising biocontrol agent that could be used to combat the bacterial leaf blight diseases of rice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Donghua Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
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Mojicevic M, D'Agostino PM, Pavic A, Vojnovic S, Senthamaraikannan R, Vasiljevic B, Gulder TAM, Nikodinovic-Runic J. Streptomyces sp. BV410 isolate from chamomile rhizosphere soil efficiently produces staurosporine with antifungal and antiangiogenic properties. Microbiologyopen 2020; 9:e986. [PMID: 31989798 PMCID: PMC7066459 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Applying a bioactivity‐guided isolation approach, staurosporine was separated and identified as the active principle in the culture extract of the new isolate Streptomyces sp. BV410 collected from the chamomile rhizosphere. The biotechnological production of staurosporine by strain BV410 was optimized to yield 56 mg/L after 14 days of incubation in soy flour–glucose–starch–mannitol‐based fermentation medium (JS). The addition of FeSO4 significantly improved the staurosporine yield by 30%, while the addition of ZnSO4 significantly reduced staurosporine yield by 62% in comparison with the starting conditions. Although staurosporine was first isolated in 1977 from Lentzea albida (now Streptomyces staurosporeus) and its potent kinase inhibitory effect has been established, here, the biological activity of this natural product was assessed in depth in vivo using a selection of transgenic zebrafish (Danio rerio) models, including Tg(fli1:EGFP) with green fluorescent protein‐labeled endothelial cells allowing visualization and monitoring of blood vessels. This confirmed a remarkable antiangiogenic activity of the compound at doses of 1 ng/ml (2.14 nmol/L) which is below doses inducing toxic effects (45 ng/ml; 75 nmol/L). A new, efficient producing strain of commercially significant staurosporine has been described along with optimized fermentation conditions, which may lead to optimization of the staurosporine scaffold and its wider applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Mojicevic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Paul M D'Agostino
- Chair of Technical Biochemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Biosystems Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Technische Universität München, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Aleksandar Pavic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sandra Vojnovic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Branka Vasiljevic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tobias A M Gulder
- Chair of Technical Biochemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Biosystems Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Technische Universität München, Garching bei München, Germany
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McCarthy MW, Walsh TJ. Drugs currently under investigation for the treatment of invasive candidiasis. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2017; 26:825-831. [PMID: 28617137 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2017.1341488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The widespread implementation of immunosuppressants, immunomodulators, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and solid organ transplantation in clinical practice has led to an expanding population of patients who are at risk for invasive candidiasis, which is the most common form of fungal disease among hospitalized patients in the developed world. The emergence of drug-resistant Candida spp. has added to the morbidity associated with invasive candidiasis and novel therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. Areas covered: In this paper, we explore investigational agents for the treatment of invasive candidiasis, with particular attention paid to compounds that have recently entered phase I or phase II clinical trials. Expert opinion: The antifungal drug development pipeline has been severely limited due to regulatory hurdles and a systemic lack of investment in novel compounds. However, several promising drug development strategies have recently emerged, including chemical screens involving Pathogen Box compounds, combination antifungal therapy, and repurposing of existing agents that were initially developed to treat other conditions, all of which have the potential to redefine the treatment of invasive candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W McCarthy
- a Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center , Division of General Internal Medicine , New York , NY , USA
| | - Thomas J Walsh
- b Transplantation-Oncology Infectious Diseases Program, Medical Mycology Research Laboratory, Medicine, Pediatrics, and Microbiology & Immunology Weill Cornell Medical Center , Henry Schueler Foundation Scholar, Sharpe Family Foundation Scholar in Pediatric Infectious Diseases , New York , NY , USA
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Xu T, Li Y, Zeng X, Yang X, Yang Y, Yuan S, Hu X, Zeng J, Wang Z, Liu Q, Liu Y, Liao H, Tong C, Liu X, Zhu Y. Isolation and evaluation of endophytic Streptomyces endus OsiSh-2 with potential application for biocontrol of rice blast disease. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:1149-1157. [PMID: 27293085 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biocontrol is a promising strategy in the control of rice blast disease. In the present study, we isolated and characterized a novel antagonist to the pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae from rice endophytic actinomycetes. RESULTS Out of 482 endophytic actinomycetes isolated from rice blast infected and healthy rice, Streptomyces endus OsiSh-2 exhibited remarkable in vitro antagonistic activity. Scanning electron microscopy observations of M. oryzae treated by OsiSh-2 revealed significant morphological alterations in hyphae. In 2-year field tests, the spraying of OsiSh-2 spore solution (107 spores mL-1 ) is capable of reducing rice blast disease severity by 59.64%. In addition, a fermentation broth of OsiSh-2 and its cell-free filtrates could inhibit the growth of M. oryzae, suggesting the presence of active enzymes and secondary metabolites. OsiSh-2 tested positive for polyketide synthase-I and nonribosomal peptide synthetase genes and can produce cellulase, protease, gelatinase, siderophore, indole-3-acetic acid and 1-amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase. A preliminary separation indicated that the methanol extract of OsiSh-2 could suppress the growth of pathogens. The major active component was identified as nigericin. CONCLUSION Endophytic S. endus OsiSh-2 has potential as a biocontrol agent against rice blast in agriculture. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yan Li
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xiadong Zeng
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xiaolu Yang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yuanzhu Yang
- Yahua Seeds Science Academy of Hunan, Changsha, 410119, Hunan, PR China
| | - Shanshan Yuan
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xiaochun Hu
- Yahua Seeds Science Academy of Hunan, Changsha, 410119, Hunan, PR China
| | - Jiarui Zeng
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, PR China
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, PR China
| | - Qian Liu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yuqing Liu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, PR China
| | - Hongdong Liao
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, PR China
| | - Chunyi Tong
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xuanming Liu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yonghua Zhu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, PR China
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