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Vasco-Correa J, Zuleta-Correa A, Gómez-León J, Pérez-Taborda JA. Advances in microbial pretreatment for biorefining of perennial grasses. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s00253-023-12639-5. [PMID: 37410135 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12639-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Perennial grasses are potentially abundant sources of biomass for biorefineries, which can produce high yields with low input requirements, and many added environmental benefits. However, perennial grasses are highly recalcitrant to biodegradation and may require pretreatment before undergoing many biorefining pathways. Microbial pretreatment uses the ability of microorganisms or their enzymes to deconstruct plant biomass and enhance its biodegradability. This process can enhance the enzymatic digestibility of perennial grasses, enabling saccharification with cellulolytic enzymes to produce fermentable sugars and derived fermentation products. Similarly, microbial pretreatment can increase the methanation rate when the grasses are used to produce biogas through anaerobic digestion. Microorganisms can also increase the digestibility of the grasses to improve their quality as animal feed, enhance the properties of grass pellets, and improve biomass thermochemical conversion. Metabolites produced by fungi or bacteria during microbial pretreatment, such as ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymes, can be further recovered as added-value products. Additionally, the action of the microorganisms can release chemicals with commercialization potential, such as hydroxycinnamic acids and oligosaccharides, from the grasses. This review explores the recent advances and remaining challenges in using microbial pretreatment for perennial grasses with the goal of obtaining added-value products through biorefining. It emphasizes recent trends in microbial pretreatment such as the use of microorganisms as part of microbial consortia or in unsterilized systems, the use and development of microorganisms and consortia capable of performing more than one biorefining step, and the use of cell-free systems based on microbial enzymes. KEY POINTS: • Microorganisms or enzymes can reduce the recalcitrance of grasses for biorefining • Microbial pretreatment effectiveness depends on the grass-microbe interaction • Microbial pretreatment can generate value added co-products to enhance feasibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Vasco-Correa
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA.
- Sociedad Colombiana de Ingeniería Física (SCIF), Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia.
| | - Ana Zuleta-Correa
- Marine Bioprospecting Line-BIM, Marine and Coastal Research Institute "José Benito Vives de Andréis" (INVEMAR), Santa Marta D.T.C.H, Magdalena, Colombia
| | - Javier Gómez-León
- Marine Bioprospecting Line-BIM, Marine and Coastal Research Institute "José Benito Vives de Andréis" (INVEMAR), Santa Marta D.T.C.H, Magdalena, Colombia
| | - Jaime Andrés Pérez-Taborda
- Sociedad Colombiana de Ingeniería Física (SCIF), Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Grupo de Nanoestructuras y Física Aplicada (NANOUPAR), Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede De La Paz, La Paz, Cesar, Colombia
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Martens SD, Wildner V, Zeyner A, Steinhöfel O. In vitro ruminal degradability of wheat straw cultivated with white-rot fungi adapted to mushroom farming conditions. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7794. [PMID: 37179418 PMCID: PMC10182975 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34747-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological treatment of cereal straw for ruminant nutrition purposes might present an environmentally friendly option of valorizing a widely available by-product of grain production for farming systems with low external input. Several strains of white-rot fungi have been selected in the past under mostly controlled laboratory conditions for their capacity of lignin degradation. The study adapted to conditions on farm for upscaling purposes. The development of the in vitro straw digestibility with two different moistening pre-treatments and inoculated with three different fungi species, namely Pleurotus ostreatus, Ceriporiopsis subvermispora and Volvariella volvacea, was determined up to 42 days of fermentation with five sampling times. The effect of physical straw pre-treatments on nutritional parameters was evaluated. The neutral detergent fiber digestibility (NDFD30h), enzymatically soluble organic substance (ELOS) and the gas production (Hohenheim Feed value Test, HFT) as indicators for in vitro ruminal degradability decreased over time independent of the fungus: HFT, ELOS and NDFD30h by up to 50, 35 and 30% of the original straw. Remoistening and autoclaving the straw increased the gas production significantly by 2.6 mL/200 g dry matter (DM), and ELOS and NDFD30h by 45 and 51 g/kg DM compared to the original straw (34.9 mL/200 mg DM, 342 g/kg DM, 313 g/kg NDF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Siriwan D Martens
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Saxon State Office for Environment, Agriculture and Geology (LfULG), 04886, Köllitsch, Germany.
| | - Vicki Wildner
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Saxon State Office for Environment, Agriculture and Geology (LfULG), 04886, Köllitsch, Germany
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Annette Zeyner
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Olaf Steinhöfel
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Saxon State Office for Environment, Agriculture and Geology (LfULG), 04886, Köllitsch, Germany
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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3
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Effects of Solid-State Fermentation Pretreatment with Single or Dual Culture White Rot Fungi on White Tea Residue Nutrients and In Vitro Rumen Fermentation Parameters. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8100557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Fermentation of agricultural by-products by white rot fungi is a research hotspot in the development of ruminant feed resources. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of the nutritional value and rumen fermentation properties of white tea residue fermented at different times, using single and dual culture white rot fungal species. Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Pleurotus ostreatus, and Phanerochaete chrysosporium + Pleurotus ostreatus (dual culture) solid-state fermented white tea residue was used for 4 weeks, respectively. The crude protein content increased significantly in all treatment groups after 4 weeks. Total extractable tannin content was significantly decreased in all treatment groups (p < 0.01). P. chrysosporium and dual culture significantly reduced lignin content at 1 week. The content of NH3-N increased in each treatment group (p < 0.05). P. chrysosporium treatment can reduce the ratio of acetic to propionic and improve digestibility. Solid state fermentation of white tea residue for 1 week using P. chrysosporium was the most desirable.
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Zang Q, Chen X, Zhang C, Lin M, Xu X. Improving crude protein and methionine production, selective lignin degradation and digestibility of wheat straw by Inonotus obliquus using response surface methodology. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:1146-1154. [PMID: 34329483 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, fungus-assisted pretreatment of agricultural residue has not become the preferred method to produce protein-enriched and ruminally digestible animal feed because of low time efficiency of fungal delignification and protein production, i.e. the long solid-state fermentation period, and because of laccase as a potential inhibitor of cellulose activity. In this study, response surface methodology was employed to optimize the parameters in the process of producing nutritious animal feed from wheat straw with Inonotus obliquus pretreatment. RESULTS The mineral salt solution containing (w/v) (NH4 )2 SO4 1%, MgSO4 ·7H2 O 0.03%, KH2 PO4 0.011%, Tween-80 0.4%, and corn starch 10% with pH of 7.4 was optimized. Inonotus obliquus rapidly and completely colonized on wheat straw with an ergosterol content of 280 μg g-1 dry matter, consuming 45% of lignin after 15 days of fermentation, producing maximums of lignin peroxidase (1729 IU g-1 ), manganese peroxidase (610 IU g-1 ) and laccase (98 IU g-1 ) on days 5, 15, and 25, respectively. The crude protein (102.4 g kg-1 ) of 15-day fermented wheat straw increased by ~132%. After hydrolysis, the essential protein-bound amino acids (15.3 g kg-1 ) increased by ~47%, within which Met and Lys measured ~1070% and ~60% higher. The treatment with I. obliquus also improved the in vitro gas production after 72 h (IVGP72 ) of wheat straw to 178.8 mL g-1 organic matter (~43% increase). CONCLUSION For the first time, we found that I. obliquus is an effective white rot fungus turning wheat straw into ruminally digestible animal feed without laccase inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Chen
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengmeng Lin
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangqun Xu
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
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Storage temperature and time and its influence on feed quality of fungal treated wheat straw. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Nayan N, Sonnenberg AS, Hendriks WH, Cone JW. Prospects and feasibility of fungal pretreatment of agricultural biomass for ruminant feeding. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Effect of wheat straw types on biological delignification and in vitro rumen degradability of wheat straws during treatment with Irpex lacteus. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Wheat bran addition improves Ceriporiopsis subvermispora and Lentinula edodes growth on wheat straw, but not delignification. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2019.114361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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van Erven G, Wang J, Sun P, de Waard P, van der Putten J, Frissen GE, Gosselink RJA, Zinovyev G, Potthast A, van Berkel WJH, Kabel MA. Structural Motifs of Wheat Straw Lignin Differ in Susceptibility to Degradation by the White-Rot Fungus Ceriporiopsis subvermispora. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2019; 7:20032-20042. [PMID: 31867146 PMCID: PMC6921689 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b05780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The white-rot fungus Ceriporiopsis subvermispora delignifies plant biomass extensively and selectively and, therefore, has great biotechnological potential. We previously demonstrated that after 7 weeks of fungal growth on wheat straw 70% w/w of lignin was removed and established the underlying degradation mechanisms via selectively extracted diagnostic substructures. In this work, we fractionated the residual (more intact) lignin and comprehensively characterized the obtained isolates to determine the susceptibility of wheat straw lignin's structural motifs to fungal degradation. Using 13C IS pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (py-GC-MS), heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC) and 31P NMR spectroscopy, and size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) analyses, it was shown that β-O-4' ethers and the more condensed phenylcoumarans and resinols were equally susceptible to fungal breakdown. Interestingly, for β-O-4' ether substructures, marked cleavage preferences could be observed: β-O-4'-syringyl substructures were degraded more frequently than their β-O-4'-guaiacyl and β-O-4'-tricin analogues. Furthermore, diastereochemistry (threo > erythro) and γ-acylation (γ-OH > γ-acyl) influenced cleavage susceptibility. These results indicate that electron density of the 4'-O-coupled ring and local steric hindrance are important determinants of oxidative β-O-4' ether degradation. Our findings provide novel insight into the delignification mechanisms of C. subvermispora and contribute to improving the valorization of lignocellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gijs van Erven
- Laboratory
of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University
& Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jianli Wang
- Laboratory
of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University
& Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peicheng Sun
- Laboratory
of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University
& Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter de Waard
- MAGNEFY
(MAGNEtic Resonance Research FacilitY), Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708
WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jacinta van der Putten
- Wageningen
Food and Biobased Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Guus E. Frissen
- Wageningen
Food and Biobased Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Richard J. A. Gosselink
- Wageningen
Food and Biobased Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Grigory Zinovyev
- Department
of Chemistry, Division of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Antje Potthast
- Department
of Chemistry, Division of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Willem J. H. van Berkel
- Laboratory
of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University
& Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mirjam A. Kabel
- Laboratory
of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University
& Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Nayan N, van Erven G, Kabel MA, Sonnenberg ASM, Hendriks WH, Cone JW. Evaluation of fungal degradation of wheat straw cell wall using different analytical methods from ruminant nutrition perspective. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:4054-4062. [PMID: 30737799 PMCID: PMC6593870 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND White rot fungi have been used to improve the nutritive value of lignocellulose for ruminants. In feed analysis, the Van Soest method is widely used to determine the cell wall contents. To assess the reliability of this method (Method A) for determination of cell wall contents in fungal-treated wheat straw, we compared a combined monosaccharide analysis and pyrolysis coupled to gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) (Method B). Ruminal digestibility, measured as in vitro gas production (IVGP), was subsequently used to examine which method explains best the effect of fungal pretreatment on the digestibility of wheat straw. RESULTS Both methods differed considerably in the mass recoveries of the individual cell wall components, which changed on how we assess their degradation characteristics. For example, Method B gave a higher degradation of lignin (61.9%), as compared to Method A (33.2%). Method A, however, showed a better correlation of IVGP with the ratio of lignin to total structural carbohydrates, as compared to Method B (Pearson's r of -0.84 versus -0.69). Nevertheless, Method B provides a more accurate quantification of lignin, reflecting its actual modification and degradation. With the information on the lignin structural features, Method B presents a substantial advantage in understanding the underlying mechanisms of lignin breakdown. Both methods, however, could not accurately quantify the cellulose contents - among others, due to interference of fungal biomass. CONCLUSION Method A only accounts for the recalcitrant residue and therefore is more suitable for evaluating ruminal digestibility. Method B allows a more accurate quantification of cell wall, required to understand and better explains the actual modification of the cell wall. The suitability of both methods, therefore, depends on their intended purposes. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazri Nayan
- Animal Nutrition GroupWageningen University & ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Gijs van Erven
- Laboratory of Food ChemistryWageningen University & ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Mirjam A Kabel
- Laboratory of Food ChemistryWageningen University & ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Wouter H Hendriks
- Animal Nutrition GroupWageningen University & ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - John W Cone
- Animal Nutrition GroupWageningen University & ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
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Nayan N, van Erven G, Kabel MA, Sonnenberg ASM, Hendriks WH, Cone JW. Improving ruminal digestibility of various wheat straw types by white-rot fungi. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:957-965. [PMID: 30125969 PMCID: PMC6587845 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the ruminal degradability of various wheat straw types by the white-rot fungi Ceriporiopsis subvermispora (CS) and Lentinula edodes (LE). Different cultivars (CV) of wheat straw at different maturity stages (MS) were treated with the fungi for 7 weeks and assessed for chemical composition and in vitro gas production (IVGP). RESULTS Both fungi showed a more pronounced degradation of lignin on a more mature straw (MS3; 89.0%) in comparison with the straw harvested at an earlier stage (MS1; 70.7%). Quantitative pyrolysis coupled to gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, using 13 C lignin as an internal standard 13 C-IS Py-GC/MS revealed that lignin in more mature straw was degraded and modified to a greater extent. In contrast, cellulose was less degraded in MS3, as compared to MS1 (8.3% versus 14.6%). There was no effect of different MS on the IVGP of the fungus-treated straws. Among the different straw cultivars, the extent of lignin degradation varied greatly (47% to 93.5%). This may explain the significant (P < 0.001) effect of cultivar on the IVGP of the fungal-treated straws. Regardless of the factors tested, both fungi were very capable of improving the IVGP of all straw types by 15.3% to 47.6%, (as compared to untreated straw), with CS performing better than LE - on different MS (33.6% versus 20.4%) and CVs (43.2% versus 29.1%). CONCLUSION The extent of lignin degradation caused by fungal treatment was more pronounced on the more mature and lignified straw, while variable results were obtained with different cultivars. Both fungi were capable of improving the IVGP of various straw types. © 2018 The Authors. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazri Nayan
- Animal Nutrition GroupWageningen University & ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Gijs van Erven
- Laboratory of Food ChemistryWageningen University & ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Mirjam A Kabel
- Laboratory of Food ChemistryWageningen University & ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Wouter H Hendriks
- Animal Nutrition GroupWageningen University & ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - John W Cone
- Animal Nutrition GroupWageningen University & ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
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van Erven G, Nayan N, Sonnenberg ASM, Hendriks WH, Cone JW, Kabel MA. Mechanistic insight in the selective delignification of wheat straw by three white-rot fungal species through quantitative 13C-IS py-GC-MS and whole cell wall HSQC NMR. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:262. [PMID: 30263063 PMCID: PMC6156916 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1259-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The white-rot fungi Ceriporiopsis subvermispora (Cs), Pleurotus eryngii (Pe), and Lentinula edodes (Le) have been shown to be high-potential species for selective delignification of plant biomass. This delignification improves polysaccharide degradability, which currently limits the efficient lignocellulose conversion into biochemicals, biofuels, and animal feed. Since selectivity and time efficiency of fungal delignification still need optimization, detailed understanding of the underlying mechanisms at molecular level is required. The recently developed methodologies for lignin quantification and characterization now allow for the in-depth mapping of fungal modification and degradation of lignin and, thereby, enable resolving underlying mechanisms. RESULTS Wheat straw treated by two strains of Cs (Cs1 and Cs12), Pe (Pe3 and Pe6) and Le (Le8 and Le10) was characterized using semi-quantitative py-GC-MS during fungal growth (1, 3, and 7 weeks). The remaining lignin after 7 weeks was quantified and characterized using 13C lignin internal standard based py-GC-MS and whole cell wall HSQC NMR. Strains of the same species showed similar patterns of lignin removal and degradation. Cs and Le outperformed Pe in terms of extent and selectivity of delignification (Cs ≥ Le >> Pe). The highest lignin removal [66% (w/w); Cs1] was obtained after 7 weeks, without extensive carbohydrate degradation (factor 3 increased carbohydrate-to-lignin ratio). Furthermore, though after treatment with Cs and Le comparable amounts of lignin remained, the structure of the residual lignin vastly differed. For example, Cα-oxidized substructures accumulated in Cs treated lignin up to 24% of the total aromatic lignin, a factor two higher than in Le-treated lignin. Contrarily, ferulic acid substructures were preferentially targeted by Le (and Pe). Interestingly, Pe-spent lignin was specifically depleted of tricin (40% reduction). The overall subunit composition (H:G:S) was not affected by fungal treatment. CONCLUSIONS Cs and Le are both able to effectively and selectively delignify wheat straw, though the underlying mechanisms are fundamentally different. We are the first to identify that Cs degrades the major β-O-4 ether linkage in grass lignin mainly via Cβ-O-aryl cleavage, while Cα-Cβ cleavage of inter-unit linkages predominated for Le. Our research provides a new insight on how fungi degrade lignin, which contributes to further optimizing the biological upgrading of lignocellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gijs van Erven
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nazri Nayan
- Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University & Research, De Elst 1, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anton S. M. Sonnenberg
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter H. Hendriks
- Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University & Research, De Elst 1, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - John W. Cone
- Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University & Research, De Elst 1, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mirjam A. Kabel
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Nayan N, Sonnenberg AS, Hendriks WH, Cone JW. Variation in the solubilization of crude protein in wheat straw by different white-rot fungi. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Nayan N, Sonnenberg A, Hendriks W, Cone J. Screening of white‐rot fungi for bioprocessing of wheat straw into ruminant feed. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 125:468-479. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.13894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Nayan
- Animal Nutrition Group Wageningen University & Research Wageningen The Netherlands
- Plant Breeding Wageningen University & Research Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - A.S.M. Sonnenberg
- Plant Breeding Wageningen University & Research Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - W.H. Hendriks
- Animal Nutrition Group Wageningen University & Research Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - J.W. Cone
- Animal Nutrition Group Wageningen University & Research Wageningen The Netherlands
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