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Richards GP, Watson MA, Williams HN, Jones JL. Predator-Prey Interactions between Halobacteriovorax and Pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus Strains: Geographical Considerations and Influence of Vibrio Hemolysins. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0235323. [PMID: 37409976 PMCID: PMC10434201 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02353-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Halobacteriovorax is a genus of naturally occurring marine predatory bacteria that attack, replicate within, and lyse vibrios and other bacteria. This study evaluated the specificity of four Halobacteriovorax strains against important sequence types (STs) of clinically relevant Vibrio parahaemolyticus, including pandemic strains ST3 and ST36. The Halobacteriovorax bacteria were previously isolated from seawater from the Mid-Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, and Hawaiian coasts of the United States. Specificity screening was performed using a double agar plaque assay technique on 23 well-characterized and genomically sequenced V. parahaemolyticus strains isolated from infected individuals from widely varying geographic locations within the United States. With few exceptions, results showed that Halobacteriovorax bacteria were excellent predators of the V. parahaemolyticus strains regardless of the origins of the predator or prey. Sequence types and serotypes of V. parahaemolyticus did not influence host specificity, nor did the presence or absence of genes for the thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) or the TDH-related hemolysin, although faint (cloudy) plaques were present when one or both hemolysins were absent in three of the Vibrio strains. Plaque sizes varied depending on both the Halobacteriovorax and Vibrio strains evaluated, suggesting differences in Halobacteriovorax replication and/or growth rates. The very broad infectivity of Halobacteriovorax toward pathogenic strains of V. parahaemolyticus makes Halobacteriovorax a strong candidate for use in commercial processing applications to enhance the safety of seafoods. IMPORTANCE Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a formidable obstacle to seafood safety. Strains pathogenic to humans are numerous and difficult to control, especially within molluscan shellfish. The pandemic spread of ST3 and ST36 has caused considerable concern, but many other STs are also problematic. The present study demonstrates broad predatory activity of Halobacteriovorax strains obtained along U.S. coastal waters from the Mid-Atlantic, Gulf Coast, and Hawaii toward strains of pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus. This broad activity against clinically relevant V. parahaemolyticus strains suggests a role for Halobacteriovorax in mediating pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus levels in seafoods and their environment as well as the potential application of these predators in the development of new disinfection technologies to reduce pathogenic vibrios in molluscan shellfish and other seafoods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary P. Richards
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Delaware State University, Dover, Delaware, USA
| | - Michael A. Watson
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Delaware State University, Dover, Delaware, USA
| | - Henry N. Williams
- School of the Environment, Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Jessica L. Jones
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Division of Seafood Science and Technology, Gulf Coast Seafood Laboratory, Dauphin Island, Alabama, USA
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Williams HN, Chen H. Environmental Regulation of the Distribution and Ecology of Bdellovibrio and Like Organisms. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:545070. [PMID: 33193128 PMCID: PMC7658600 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.545070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of key environmental factors, salinity, prey, and temperature, on the survival and ecology of Bdellovibrio and like bacteria (BALOs), including the freshwater/terrestrial, non-halotolerant group and the halophilic Halobacteriovorax strains, has been assessed based on a review of data in the literature. These topics have been studied by numerous investigators for nearly six decades now, and much valuable information has been amassed and reported. The collective data shows that salinity, prey, and temperature play a major role in, not only the growth and survival of BALOs, but also the structure and composition of BALO communities and the distribution of the predators. Salinity is a major determinant in the selection of BALO habitats, distribution, prey bacteria, and systematics. Halophilic BALOs require salt for cellular functions and are found only in saltwater habitats, and prey primarily on saltwater bacteria. To the contrary, freshwater/terrestrial BALOs are non-halotolerant and inhibited by salt concentrations greater than 0.5%, and are restricted to freshwater, soils, and other low salt environments. They prey preferentially on bacteria in the same habitats. The halophilic BALOs are further separated on the basis of their tolerance to various salt concentrations. Some strains are found in low salt environments and others in high salt regions. In situ studies have demonstrated that salinity gradients in estuarine systems govern the type of BALO communities that will persist within a specific gradient. Bacterial prey for BALOs functions more than just being a substrate for the predators and include the potential for different prey species to structure the BALO community at the phylotype level. The pattern of susceptibility or resistance of various bacteria species has been used almost universally to differentiate strains of new BALO isolates. However, the method suffers from a lack of uniformity among different laboratories. The use of molecular methods such as comparative analysis of the 16S rDNA gene and metagenomics have provided more specific approaches to distinguished between isolates. Differences in temperature growth range among different BALO groups and strains have been demonstrated in many laboratory experiments. The temperature optima and growth range for the saltwater BALOs is typically lower than that of the freshwater/terrestrial BALOs. The collective data shows not only that environmental factors have a great impact on BALO ecology, but also how the various factors affect BALO populations in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry N Williams
- School of the Environment, Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Huan Chen
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
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Ottaviani D, Pieralisi S, Chierichetti S, Rocchegiani E, Hattab J, Mosca F, Tiscar PG, Leoni F, Angelico G. Vibrio parahaemolyticus control in mussels by a Halobacteriovorax isolated from the Adriatic sea, Italy. Food Microbiol 2020; 92:103600. [PMID: 32950141 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2020.103600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the application of a Halobacteriovorax isolated from water of the Adriatic Sea (Italy) in controlling V. parahaemolyticus in mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis). Two 72 h laboratory-scale V. parahaemolyticus decontamination experiments of mussels were performed. The test microcosm of experiment 1 was prepared using predator/prey free mussels experimentally contaminated with Halobacteriovorax/V. parahaemolyticus at a ratio of 103 PFU/105 CFU per ml, while that of experiment 2 using mussels naturally harbouring Halobacteriovorax that were experimentally contaminated with 105 CFU per ml of V. parahaemolyticus. For experiment 1, was also tested a control microcosm only contaminated with 105 CFU per ml of V. parahaemolyticus.. Double layer agar plating and pour plate techniques were used to enumerate Halobacteriovorax and V. parahaemolyticus, respectively. 16 S rRNA analysis was used to identify Halobacteriovorax. For both experiments in the test microcosm the concentration of prey remained at the same level as that experimentally added, i.e. 5 log for the entire analysis period. In experiment 1, V. parahaemolyticus counts in mussels were significantly lower in the test microcosm than the control with the maximum difference of 2.2 log at 24 h. Results demonstrate that Halobacteriovorax can modulate V. parahaemolyticus level in the mussels. The public impact of V. parahaemolyticus in bivalves is relevant and current decontamination processes are not always effective. Halobacteriovorax is a suitable candidate in the development of a biological approach to the purification of V. parahaemolyticus in mussels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Ottaviani
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti, via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60126, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Silvia Pieralisi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti, via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60126, Ancona, Italy
| | - Serena Chierichetti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti, via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60126, Ancona, Italy
| | - Elena Rocchegiani
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti, via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60126, Ancona, Italy
| | - Jasmine Hattab
- Università degli Studi di Teramo, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Località Piano d'Accio, 64100, Teramo, Italy
| | - Francesco Mosca
- Università degli Studi di Teramo, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Località Piano d'Accio, 64100, Teramo, Italy
| | - Pietro Giorgio Tiscar
- Università degli Studi di Teramo, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Località Piano d'Accio, 64100, Teramo, Italy
| | - Francesca Leoni
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti, via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60126, Ancona, Italy
| | - Gabriele Angelico
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti, via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60126, Ancona, Italy
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Ottaviani D, Pieralisi S, Rocchegiani E, Latini M, Leoni F, Mosca F, Pallavicini A, Tiscar PG, Angelico G. Vibrio parahaemolyticus-specific Halobacteriovorax From Seawater of a Mussel Harvesting Area in the Adriatic Sea: Abundance, Diversity, Efficiency and Relationship With the Prey Natural Level. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1575. [PMID: 32733427 PMCID: PMC7360731 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to study the abundance and molecular diversity of Vibrio parahaemolyticus-specific Halobacteriovorax strains isolated from seawater of the Adriatic Sea and the relationship between predator and prey abundances. Moreover, predator efficiency of the Halobacteriovorax isolates toward V. parahaemolyticus and Vibrio cholerae non-O1/O139 strains was tested. V. parahaemolyticus NCTC 10885 was used as primary host for the isolation of Halobacteriovorax from seawater by the plaque assay. Molecular identification was performed by PCR detection of a fragment of the 16S rRNA gene of the Halobacteriovoraceae family members. Moreover, 700 bp PCR products were sequenced and compared between them and to clones described for other sampling sites. Vibrio counts were performed on TCBS agar from 100 ml of filtered water samples and presumptive colonies were confirmed by standard methods. Predatory efficiency of Halobacteriovorax isolates was tested by monitoring abilities of 3-day enrichments to form clear lytic halos on a lawn of Vibrio preys, by the plaque assay. Out of 12 seawater samples monthly collected from June 2017 to May 2018, 10 were positive for V. parahaemolyticus specific Halobacteriovorax with counts ranging from 4 to 1.4 × 103 PFU per 7.5 ml. No significant relationship was found between Halobacteriovorax and Vibrio abundances. The 16SrRNA sequences of our Halobacteriovorax strains, one for each positive sample, were divided into three lineages. Within the lineages, some sequences had 100% similarity. Sequence similarity between lineages was always <94.5% suggesting that they may therefore well belong to three different species. All Halobacteriovorax isolates had the ability to prey all tested Vibrio strains. Additional research is necessary to assess whether stable strains of Halobacteriovorax are present in the Adriatic Sea and to understand the mechanisms by which Halobacteriovorax may modulate the abundance of V. parahaemolyticus and other vibrios in a complex marine ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Ottaviani
- Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Silvia Pieralisi
- Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Elena Rocchegiani
- Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Mario Latini
- Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesca Leoni
- Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco Mosca
- Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Alberto Pallavicini
- Facoltà di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Gabriele Angelico
- Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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5
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Ottaviani D, Pieralisi S, Angelico G, Mosca F, Tiscar PG, Rocchegiani E, Scuota S, Petruzzelli A, Fisichella S, Blasi G, DiRaimo E, Leoni F, Latini M, Altissimi S, Haouet N. Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus
to control
Escherichia coli
on meat matrices. Int J Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Ottaviani
- Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche Via Cupa di Posatora 3 60126 Ancona Italy
| | - Silvia Pieralisi
- Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche Via Cupa di Posatora 3 60126 Ancona Italy
| | - Gabriele Angelico
- Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche Via Cupa di Posatora 3 60126 Ancona Italy
| | - Francesco Mosca
- Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria Università degli Studi di Teramo Località Piano d'Accio 64100 Teramo Italy
| | - Pietro Giorgio Tiscar
- Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria Università degli Studi di Teramo Località Piano d'Accio 64100 Teramo Italy
| | - Elena Rocchegiani
- Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche Via Cupa di Posatora 3 60126 Ancona Italy
| | - Stefania Scuota
- Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche Via Cupa di Posatora 3 60126 Ancona Italy
| | - Annalisa Petruzzelli
- Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche Via Cupa di Posatora 3 60126 Ancona Italy
| | - Stefano Fisichella
- Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche Via Cupa di Posatora 3 60126 Ancona Italy
| | - Giuliana Blasi
- Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche Via Cupa di Posatora 3 60126 Ancona Italy
| | - Enrico DiRaimo
- Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche Via Cupa di Posatora 3 60126 Ancona Italy
| | - Francesca Leoni
- Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche Via Cupa di Posatora 3 60126 Ancona Italy
| | - Mario Latini
- Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche Via Cupa di Posatora 3 60126 Ancona Italy
| | - Serena Altissimi
- Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche Via Cupa di Posatora 3 60126 Ancona Italy
| | - Naceur Haouet
- Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche Via Cupa di Posatora 3 60126 Ancona Italy
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