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Shaw CG, Pavloudi C, Crow RS, Saw JH, Smith LC. Spotting disease disrupts the microbiome of infected purple sea urchins, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:11. [PMID: 38172649 PMCID: PMC10765733 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-03161-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spotting disease infects a variety of sea urchin species across many different marine locations. The disease is characterized by discrete lesions on the body surface composed of discolored necrotic tissue that cause the loss of all surface appendages within the lesioned area. A similar, but separate disease of sea urchins called bald sea urchin disease (BSUD) has overlapping symptoms with spotting disease, resulting in confusions in distinguishing the two diseases. Previous studies have focus on identifying the underlying causative agent of spotting disease, which has resulted in the identification of a wide array of pathogenic bacteria that vary based on location and sea urchin species. Our aim was to investigate the spotting disease infection by characterizing the microbiomes of the animal surface and various tissues. RESULTS We collected samples of the global body surface, the lesion surface, lesioned and non-lesioned body wall, and coelomic fluid, in addition to samples from healthy sea urchins. 16S rRNA gene was amplified and sequenced from the genomic DNA. Results show that the lesions are composed mainly of Cyclobacteriaceae, Cryomorphaceae, and a few other taxa, and that the microbial composition of lesions is the same for all infected sea urchins. Spotting disease also alters the microbial composition of the non-lesioned body wall and coelomic fluid of infected sea urchins. In our closed aquarium systems, sea urchins contracted spotting disease and BSUD separately and therefore direct comparisons could be made between the microbiomes from diseased and healthy sea urchins. CONCLUSION Results show that spotting disease and BSUD are separate diseases with distinct symptoms and distinct microbial compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe G Shaw
- Department of Biological Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Christina Pavloudi
- Department of Biological Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- European Marine Biological Resource Centre (EMBRC-ERIC), Paris, France
| | - Ryley S Crow
- Department of Biological Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jimmy H Saw
- Department of Biological Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - L Courtney Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
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2
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Cicala F, Cisterna-Céliz JA, Paolinelli M, Moore JD, Sevigny J, Rocha-Olivares A. The Role of Diversity in Mediating Microbiota Structural and Functional Differences in Two Sympatric Species of Abalone Under Stressed Withering Syndrome Conditions. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2023; 85:277-287. [PMID: 35064808 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-022-01970-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Withering syndrome (WS) is a gastro-intestinal (GI) infectious disease likely affecting all abalone species worldwide. Structural and functional changes in abalone GI microbiotas under WS-stressed conditions remain poorly investigated. It is unclear if interspecific microbiota differences, such as the presence of certain microbes, their abundance, and functional capabilities, may be involved in the occurrence of this disease. Bacterial microbiotas of healthy Haliotis fulgens and Haliotis corrugata are mainly composed by Tenericutes, Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria, and Spirochaetes. We previously reported species-specific structural and functional profiles of those communities and suggested that they are of consequence to the different susceptibility of each species to WS. Here, we address this question by comparing the structure and function of healthy and dysbiotic microbiota through 454 pyrosequencing and PICRUSt 2, respectively. Our findings suggest that the extent to which WS-stressed conditions may explain structural and functional differences in GI microbiota is contingent on the microbiota diversity itself. Indeed, microbiota differences between stressed and healthy abalone were marginal in the more complex bacterial communities of H. corrugata, in which no significant structural or functional changes were detected. Conversely, significant structural changes were observed in the less complex bacterial microbiota of H. fulgens. Moreover, structural alterations led to a significant downregulation of some metabolic activities conducted by GI bacteria. Accordingly, results suggest that gastro-intestinal bacterial diversity appears to be related with both the health of abalone and the etiology of WS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Cicala
- Department of Biological Oceanography, CICESE, Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada km 3918, 22860, Ensenada, Baja CA, Mexico
- Department of Biomedical Innovation, CICESE, Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada km 3918, 22860, Ensenada, Baja CA, Mexico
| | | | - Marcos Paolinelli
- National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Av. Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- National Institute of Agricultural Technology INTA EEA Mendoza, San Martin 3853, Luján de Cuyo, 5507, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - James D Moore
- Bodega Marine Laboratory, University of California at Davis, P.O. Box 247, Bodega Bay, CA, USA
| | - Joseph Sevigny
- Hubbard Center for Genome Studies, University of New Hampshire, 35 Colovos Rd, Durham, NH, 03824, USA
| | - Axayácatl Rocha-Olivares
- Department of Biological Oceanography, CICESE, Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada km 3918, 22860, Ensenada, Baja CA, Mexico.
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Rey-Campos M, Ríos-Castro R, Gallardo-Escárate C, Novoa B, Figueras A. Exploring the Potential of Metatranscriptomics to Describe Microbial Communities and Their Effects in Molluscs. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416029. [PMID: 36555669 PMCID: PMC9784687 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Metatranscriptomics has emerged as a very useful technology for the study of microbiomes from RNA-seq reads. This method provides additional information compared to the sequencing of ribosomal genes because the gene expression can also be analysed. In this work, we used the metatranscriptomic approach to study the whole microbiome of mussels, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoans, by mapping the RNA-seq reads to custom assembly databases (including the genomes of microorganisms publicly available). This strategy allowed us not only to describe the diversity of microorganisms but also to relate the host transcriptome and microbiome, finding the genes more affected by the pathogen load. Although some bacteria abundant in the metatranscriptomic analysis were undetectable by 16S rRNA sequencing, a common core of the taxa was detected by both methodologies (62% of the metatranscriptomic detections were also identified by 16S rRNA sequencing, the Oceanospirillales, Flavobacteriales and Vibrionales orders being the most relevant). However, the differences in the microbiome composition were observed among different tissues of Mytilus galloprovincialis, with the fungal kingdom being especially diverse, or among molluscan species. These results confirm the potential of a meta-analysis of transcriptome data to obtain new information on the molluscs' microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magalí Rey-Campos
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - Raquel Ríos-Castro
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - Cristian Gallardo-Escárate
- Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), University of Concepción, Concepción P.O. Box 160-C, Chile
| | - Beatriz Novoa
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - Antonio Figueras
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Yang M, Tong L, Wang S, Liu N, Zhao F, Sun Y, Sun G, Zhou D. Gut Microbiota and Transcriptomics Reveal the Effect of Human Norovirus Bioaccumulation on Oysters (Crassostrea gigas). Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0016122. [PMID: 35867424 PMCID: PMC9431538 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00161-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human norovirus (HuNoV) is a major foodborne pathogen that causes acute viral gastroenteritis, and oysters are one of the main carriers of HuNoV transmission. While progress has been made toward understanding the pattern of oyster-bioaccumulated HuNoV, the response of oysters to HuNoV bioaccumulation, including changes in gene expression and gut microbiota, is unclear. In this study, histo-blood group antigen (HBGA)-like molecule expression and gene regulation features and the HuNoV-microbiome interactions of oysters during HuNoV bioaccumulation were characterized. With the prolongation of bioaccumulation time, the HuNoV content and expression of type A HBGA-like molecules in oysters increased and stabilized. HuNoV also altered the expression of immunity- and glycosphingolipid biosynthesis-related genes. Prolonged bioaccumulation of HuNoV can reduce the abundance and change the composition of the oyster gut microbiota. In particular, with the extension of bioaccumulation time, the abundance of Blautia, Agathobacter, Faecalibacterium, Terrisporobacter, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Ruminococcus decreased, while the abundance of Vibrio and Alphaproteobacteria increased. This study provides potential candidates for identifying functional genes involved in the bioaccumulation of HuNoV in oysters. More importantly, it provides the first description of the changes in gut microbiota during HuNoV bioaccumulation in oysters. IMPORTANCE The role of the oyster gut microbiota in HuNoV bioaccumulation is poorly understood. This study revealed, for the first time, the changes in gut microbiota and gene expression of oysters with HuNoV bioaccumulation. This study enriches the understanding of the impact of HuNoV bioaccumulation on oysters and provides a new direction for the study of the molecular mechanism of HuNoV bioaccumulation in oysters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Lihui Tong
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Nan Liu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Sun
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Guohui Sun
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Deqing Zhou
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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5
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Offret C, Cuny H, Bodet PE, Desriac F, Jegou C, Bazire A, Chevrot R, Thiery V, Brillet B, Fleury Y. Alterins, a new family of marine antibacterial cyclolipopeptides. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2022; 59:106514. [PMID: 34999240 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2021.106514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Five strains of Pseudoalteromonas, isolated from oyster hemolymph, exhibited antibacterial activity against several Gram-negative bacteria. Bioactive compounds were identified in their cell-free supernatant and characterized as alterins, which are cyclolipopeptides composed of an heptapeptidic ring connected to a fatty acid chain. Using UPLC-HRMS, we describe here 37 structural analogs differing from each other by one or more amino acid residue, the length of the fatty acid chain, its hydroxylation and the presence of unsaturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Offret
- Univ Brest, Univ. Bretagne Sud, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine, EA3884, F-29334 Quimper, France
| | - Héléna Cuny
- Univ Brest, Univ. Bretagne Sud, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine, EA3884, F-29334 Quimper, France
| | - Pierre-Edouard Bodet
- La Rochelle University, LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMRi 7266, Université de La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France
| | - Florie Desriac
- Univ Caen Normandie - Unité de recherche Risques Microbiens EA 4655 - F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Camille Jegou
- Univ Brest, Univ. Bretagne Sud, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine, EA3884, F-29334 Quimper, France
| | - Alexis Bazire
- Univ Brest, Univ. Bretagne Sud, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine, EA3884, F-29334 Quimper, France
| | - Romain Chevrot
- La Rochelle University, LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMRi 7266, Université de La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France
| | - Valérie Thiery
- La Rochelle University, LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMRi 7266, Université de La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France
| | - Benjamin Brillet
- Univ Brest, Univ. Bretagne Sud, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine, EA3884, F-29334 Quimper, France
| | - Yannick Fleury
- Univ Brest, Univ. Bretagne Sud, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine, EA3884, F-29334 Quimper, France.
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Gerpe D, Lasa A, Lema A, Romalde JL. Metataxonomic analysis of tissue-associated microbiota in grooved carpet-shell (Ruditapes decussatus) and Manila (Ruditapes philippinarum) clams. Int Microbiol 2021; 24:607-618. [PMID: 34606012 PMCID: PMC8616884 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-021-00214-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Culture-dependent techniques only permit the study of a low percentage of the microbiota diversity in the environment. The introduction of next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies shed light into this hidden microbial world, providing a better knowledge on the general microbiota and, specifically, on the microbial populations of clams. Tissue-associated microbiota of Ruditapes decussatus and Ruditapes philippinarum (mantle, gills, gonad and hepatopancreas) was analysed in two different locations of Galicia (northwest of Spain) during Spring (April) and Autumn (October), employing a metataxonomic approach. High bacterial diversity and richness were found in all samples where a total of 22,044 OTUs were obtained. In most samples, phylum Proteobacteria was most frequently retrieved, although other phyla as Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Tenericutes, Firmicutes or Chlamydiae also appeared at high relative abundances in the samples. At genus level, great variation was found across tissues and sampling periods. A Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) and a hierarchical clustering analysis allowed to further analyse the factors responsible for the differences among groups of samples in the different sites. Results showed sample ordination based on tissue origin and sampling periods, pointing out that the microbiota was influenced by these factors. Indeed, predominance of certain genera was observed, such as Endozoicomonas or Methylobacterium in gills and gonads, respectively, suggesting that selection of specific bacterial taxa is likely to occur. So far, this study provided a general picture of the tissue associated microbial population structure in R. decussatus and R. philippinarum clams, which, ultimately, allowed the identification of specific tissue-related taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Gerpe
- Departamento de Microbiología Y Parasitología, CRETUS & CIBUS-Facultad de Biología, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida s/n, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Aide Lasa
- Departamento de Microbiología Y Parasitología, CRETUS & CIBUS-Facultad de Biología, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida s/n, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alberto Lema
- Departamento de Microbiología Y Parasitología, CRETUS & CIBUS-Facultad de Biología, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida s/n, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jesús L Romalde
- Departamento de Microbiología Y Parasitología, CRETUS & CIBUS-Facultad de Biología, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida s/n, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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7
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Rodríguez-Barreras R, Tosado-Rodríguez EL, Godoy-Vitorino F. Trophic niches reflect compositional differences in microbiota among Caribbean sea urchins. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12084. [PMID: 34540373 PMCID: PMC8415288 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sea urchins play a critical role in marine ecosystems, as they actively participate in maintaining the balance between coral and algae. We performed the first in-depth survey of the microbiota associated with four free-living populations of Caribbean sea urchins: Lytechinus variegatus, Echinometra lucunter, Tripneustes ventricosus, and Diadema antillarum. We compared the influence of the collection site, echinoid species and trophic niche to the composition of the microbiota. This dataset provides a comprehensive overview to date, of the bacterial communities and their ecological relevance associated with sea urchins in their natural environments. A total of sixty-samples, including surrounding reef water and seagrass leaves underwent 16S rRNA gene sequencing (V4 region) and high-quality reads were analyzed with standard bioinformatic approaches. While water and seagrass were dominated by Cyanobacteria such as Prochlorococcus and Rivularia respectively, echinoid gut samples had dominant Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria. Propionigenium was dominant across all species' guts, revealing a host-associated composition likely responsive to the digestive process of the animals. Beta-diversity analyses showed significant differences in community composition among the three collection sites, animal species, and trophic niches. Alpha diversity was significantly higher among L. variegatus samples compared to the other species. L. variegatus also displayed an increased abundance of Planctomycetes and Cyanobacterial OTUs. The bacterial community of this herbivorous echinoid reflected similarities to the microfilm community found on Thalassia testudinum leaves; a very abundant seagrass and its main food resource. The results of this study elaborate on the microbial ecology of four important Caribbean echinoids, confirming that selection on the microbial community is trophic-niche dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eduardo L Tosado-Rodríguez
- Microbiology and Medical Zoology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Filipa Godoy-Vitorino
- Microbiology and Medical Zoology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA
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8
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Eliseikina MG, Beleneva IA, Kukhlevsky AD, Shamshurina EV. Identification and analysis of the biological activity of the new strain of Pseudoalteromonas piscicida isolated from the hemal fluid of the bivalve Modiolus kurilensis (F. R. Bernard, 1983). Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:4461-4473. [PMID: 34142183 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02432-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A cultivated form of bacteria (strain 2202) was isolated from the hemal fluid of the bivalve mollusk Modiolus kurilensis. Based on the set of data collected by genetic and physiological/biochemical analyses, the strain was identified as the species Pseudoalteromonas piscicida. Strain 2202 exhibits antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, and Bacillus subtilis but not against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These activities characterize the behavior of strain 2202 as predator-like and classify it as a facultative predator. Being part of the normal microflora in the hemolymph of M. kurilensis, when external conditions change, strain 2202 shows features of opportunistic microflora. The strain 2202 exhibits selective toxicity towards larvae of various invertebrates: it impairs the early development of Mytilus edulis, but not of Strongylocentrotus nudus. Thus, the selective manner in which P. piscicida strains interact with various species of microorganisms and eukaryotes should be taken into consideration when using their biotechnological potential as a probiotic in aquaculture, source of antimicrobial substances, and factors that prevent fouling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina G Eliseikina
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Palchevskogo 17, Vladivostok, 690041, Russia.
| | - Irina A Beleneva
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Palchevskogo 17, Vladivostok, 690041, Russia
| | - Andrey D Kukhlevsky
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Palchevskogo 17, Vladivostok, 690041, Russia
| | - Ekaterina V Shamshurina
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Palchevskogo 17, Vladivostok, 690041, Russia
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9
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Desriac F, El Harras A, Simon M, Bondon A, Brillet B, Le Chevalier P, Pugnière M, Got P, Destoumieux-Garzón D, Fleury Y. Alterins Produced by Oyster-Associated Pseudoalteromonas Are Antibacterial Cyclolipopeptides with LPS-Binding Activity. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18120630. [PMID: 33321943 PMCID: PMC7764243 DOI: 10.3390/md18120630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Discovery after discovery, host-associated microbiota reveal a growing list of positive effects on host homeostasis by contributing to host nutrition, improving hosts' immune systems and protecting hosts against pathogens. In that context, a collection of oyster associated bacteria producing antibacterial compounds have been established to evaluate their role in non-host-derived immunity. Here, we described alterins; potent anti-Gram negative compounds produced by Pseudoalteromonas hCg-6 and hCg-42 isolated from different healthy oyster hemolymph. The strains hCg-6 and hCg-42 produce a set of at least seven antibacterial compounds, ranging from 926 to 982 Da structurally characterized as cyclolipopeptides (CLPs). Alterins share the same cationic heptapeptidic cycle connected via an amido bond to different hydrophobic hydrocarbon tails. Their MICs disclosed a potent antibacterial activity directed against Gram-negative bacteria including oyster and human pathogens that may confer a beneficial defense mechanism to the host but also represents an untapped source of new antibiotics. The alterins' mechanisms of action have been deciphered: after binding to lipopolysaccharides (LPS), alterins provoke a membrane depolarization and permeabilization leading to bacterial lysis. As hCg-6 and hCg-42 produced a set of natural derivatives, the structure/activity relationship linked to the carbon tail is clarified. We showed that the hydrocarbon tail determines the LPS-binding properties of alterins and consequently their antibacterial activities. Its length and saturation seem to play a major role in this interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florie Desriac
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine, EA3884, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Université Bretagne Sud, 29334 Quimper, France; (F.D.); (B.B.); (P.L.C.)
| | - Abderrafek El Harras
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes-CNRS-UMR 6226, Université Rennes, 35043 Rennes, France; (A.E.H.); (M.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Matthieu Simon
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes-CNRS-UMR 6226, Université Rennes, 35043 Rennes, France; (A.E.H.); (M.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Arnaud Bondon
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes-CNRS-UMR 6226, Université Rennes, 35043 Rennes, France; (A.E.H.); (M.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Benjamin Brillet
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine, EA3884, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Université Bretagne Sud, 29334 Quimper, France; (F.D.); (B.B.); (P.L.C.)
| | - Patrick Le Chevalier
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine, EA3884, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Université Bretagne Sud, 29334 Quimper, France; (F.D.); (B.B.); (P.L.C.)
| | - Martine Pugnière
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, 34298 Montpellier, France;
| | - Patrice Got
- MARBEC Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Place Eugène Bataillon CC 093, Place Eugène Bataillon, CEDEX 5, 34095 Montpellier, France;
| | - Delphine Destoumieux-Garzón
- Interactions Hôtes-Pathogènes-Environnements, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université Perpignan Via Domitia, 34095 Montpellier, France;
| | - Yannick Fleury
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marine, EA3884, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Université Bretagne Sud, 29334 Quimper, France; (F.D.); (B.B.); (P.L.C.)
- Correspondence:
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10
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Faddetta T, Ardizzone F, Faillaci F, Reina C, Palazzotto E, Strati F, De Filippo C, Spinelli G, Puglia AM, Gallo G, Cavalieri V. Composition and geographic variation of the bacterial microbiota associated with the coelomic fluid of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21443. [PMID: 33293569 PMCID: PMC7723044 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78534-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, culture-based and culture-independent investigations were performed to determine the microbiota structure of the coelomic fluid of Mediterranean sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus individuals collected from two distinct geographical sites neighboring a high-density population bay and a nature reserve, respectively. Next Generation Sequencing analysis of 16S rRNA gene (rDNA) showed that members of the Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Fusobacteria phyla, which have been previously reported to be commonly retrieved from marine invertebrates, dominate the overall population of microorganisms colonizing this liquid tissue, with minority bacterial genera exhibiting remarkable differences among individuals. Our results showed that there is a correlation between microbiota structure and geographical location of the echinoderm collection site, highlighting over-representation of metagenomic functions related to amino acid and bioactive peptides metabolism in specimens inhabiting the nature reserve. Finally, we also described the developmental delay and aberrations exhibited by sea urchin embryos exposed to distinct bacterial isolates, and showed that these defects rely upon hydrophilic compound(s) synthesized by the bacterial strains assayed. Altogether, our findings lay the groundwork to decipher the relationships of bacteria with sea urchins in their aquatic environment, also providing an additional layer of information to understand the biological roles of the coelomic fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Faddetta
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, viale delle Scienze, ed. 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Ardizzone
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, viale delle Scienze, ed. 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesca Faillaci
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, viale delle Scienze, ed. 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Chiara Reina
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Piazza Delle Cliniche 2, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Emilia Palazzotto
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, viale delle Scienze, ed. 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Strati
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Via Adamello, 16, 20139, Milano, Italy
| | - Carlotta De Filippo
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Spinelli
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, viale delle Scienze, ed. 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Puglia
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, viale delle Scienze, ed. 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gallo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, viale delle Scienze, ed. 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Cavalieri
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, viale delle Scienze, ed. 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy.
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11
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Chevalier FD, Diaz R, McDew-White M, Anderson TJC, Clec’h WL. The hemolymph of Biomphalaria snail vectors of schistosomiasis supports a diverse microbiome. Environ Microbiol 2020; 22:5450-5466. [PMID: 33169917 PMCID: PMC8023393 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The microbiome - the microorganism community that is found on or within an organism's body - is increasingly recognized to shape many aspects of its host biology and is a key determinant of health and disease. Microbiomes modulate the capacity of insect disease vectors (mosquitoes, tsetse flies, sandflies) to transmit parasites and disease. We investigate the diversity and abundance of microorganisms within the hemolymph (i.e. blood) of Biomphalaria snails, the intermediate host for Schistosoma mansoni, using Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the bacterial 16S V4 rDNA. We sampled hemolymph from five snails from six different laboratory populations of B. glabrata and one population of B. alexandrina. We observed 279.84 ± 0.79 amplicon sequence variants per snail. There were significant differences in microbiome composition at the level of individual snails, snail populations and species. Snail microbiomes were dominated by Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes while water microbiomes from snail tank were dominated by Actinobacteria. We investigated the absolute bacterial load using qPCR: hemolymph samples contained 2784 ± 339 bacteria/μl. We speculate that the microbiome may represent a critical, but unexplored intermediary in the snail-schistosome interaction as hemolymph is in very close contact with the parasite at each step of its development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robbie Diaz
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, PO Box 760549, San Antonio, TX 78258
| | - Marina McDew-White
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, PO Box 760549, San Antonio, TX 78258
| | | | - Winka Le Clec’h
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, PO Box 760549, San Antonio, TX 78258
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12
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Offret C, Paulino S, Gauthier O, Château K, Bidault A, Corporeau C, Miner P, Petton B, Pernet F, Fabioux C, Paillard C, Blay GL. The marine intertidal zone shapes oyster and clam digestive bacterial microbiota. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2020; 96:5827529. [PMID: 32353873 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiaa078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Digestive microbiota provide a wide range of beneficial effects on host physiology and are therefore likely to play a key role in marine intertidal bivalve ability to acclimatize to the intertidal zone. This study investigated the effect of intertidal levels on the digestive bacterial microbiota of oysters (Crassostrea gigas) and clams (Ruditapes philippinarum), two bivalves with different ecological niches. Based on 16S rRNA region sequencing, digestive glands, seawater and sediments harbored specific bacterial communities, dominated by operational taxonomic units assigned to the Mycoplasmatales,Desulfobacterales and Rhodobacterales orders, respectively. Field implantation modified digestive bacterial microbiota of both bivalve species according to their intertidal position. Rhodospirillales and Legionellales abundances increased in oysters and clams from the low intertidal level, respectively. After a 14-day depuration process, these effects were still observed, especially for clams, while digestive bacterial microbiota of oysters were subjected to more short-term environmental changes. Nevertheless, 3.5 months stay on an intertidal zone was enough to leave an environmental footprint on the digestive bacterial microbiota, suggesting the existence of autochthonous bivalve bacteria. When comparing clams from the three intertidal levels, 20% of the bacterial assemblage was shared among the levels and it was dominated by an operational taxonomic unit affiliated to the Mycoplasmataceae and Spirochaetaceae families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Offret
- Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, LEMAR, F-29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Sauvann Paulino
- Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, LEMAR, F-29280 Plouzané, France
| | | | - Kevin Château
- Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, LEMAR, F-29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Adeline Bidault
- Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, LEMAR, F-29280 Plouzané, France
| | | | - Philippe Miner
- Ifremer, Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, LEMAR, F-29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Bruno Petton
- Ifremer, Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, LEMAR, F-29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Fabrice Pernet
- Ifremer, Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, LEMAR, F-29280 Plouzané, France
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13
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Auguste M, Lasa A, Balbi T, Pallavicini A, Vezzulli L, Canesi L. Impact of nanoplastics on hemolymph immune parameters and microbiota composition in Mytilus galloprovincialis. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 159:105017. [PMID: 32662444 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ocean contamination by micro- and nanoplastics represents a potential threat to marine biota, from bacterial communities to higher organisms. In this work, the effect of in vivo exposure of Mytilus galloprovincialis to amino modified nanopolystyrene (PS-NH2) (10 μg/L, 96 h) on hemolymph immune parameters and microbiota composition were investigated. Nanoplastics significantly affected immune parameters (decreased phagocytosis, increased ROS and lysozyme activity, inhibition of NO production). These changes were associated with a shift in hemolymph microbiota composition, with increase in some genera (Arcobacter-like, Psychrobium, Vibrio), and decreases in others (Shewanella, Mycoplasma). The results indicate that exposure to nanoplastics can impact on the microbiome of marine bivalves, and suggest that downregulation of immune defences induced by PS-NH2 may favour potentially pathogenic bacteria. These data underline how exposure to nanoplastics may represent a potential threat to the complex interplay between innate immunity and host microbiota, thus affecting the homeostatic processes involved in maintenance of organism health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Auguste
- DISTAV, Dept. of Environmental, Earth and Life Sciences, University of Genoa, Italy.
| | - Aide Lasa
- DISTAV, Dept. of Environmental, Earth and Life Sciences, University of Genoa, Italy; Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Teresa Balbi
- DISTAV, Dept. of Environmental, Earth and Life Sciences, University of Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Vezzulli
- DISTAV, Dept. of Environmental, Earth and Life Sciences, University of Genoa, Italy
| | - Laura Canesi
- DISTAV, Dept. of Environmental, Earth and Life Sciences, University of Genoa, Italy
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14
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Bozcal E, Dagdeviren M. Bacterial metagenome analysis of Mytilus galloprovincialis collected from Istanbul and Izmir coastal stations of Turkey. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:186. [PMID: 32072329 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-8129-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mytilus galloprovincialis is a marine mollusk belonging to the Bivalvia class. It has been distributed largely in Turkish shores and worldwide aquatic environments. Besides being known as an environmental pollution indicator, it is highly consumed as a food and has a high economic value. Due to their nutritional mechanisms by filtering water, they are affected by pollution in seawater and mussels can host-microbial diversity of environmental origin as well as pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, in this study, bacterial species found in Mediterranean mussels collected from the coastal stations of Istanbul [Rumeli Kavagi (RK), Kucukcekmece (KC)], and Izmir [(Foca (MF), Urla (MU)] were investigated and compared with microbiological and metagenomic analyses. According to microbiological analysis results, 34 mussel-associated Enterobacteriaceae and Vibrionaceae family members were identified. As a result of the culture-independent metagenomic analysis, taxonomic groups for each station were identified and compared based on Operational Taxonomic Unit data. For all stations, the most abundant bacterial genera were the unclassified bacterial genera. The total number of mussel-related total richness identified in all groups was 4889 (RK = 1605; KC = 1930; MF = 1508; and MU = 1125). According to the metagenomic data obtained in this study, different relative amounts of Lachnospiraceae and Bacteroidetes taxa groups were reported for all stations. The pathogenic bacterial genera identified by metagenomic analyses which may be significant for the public health are Arcobacter, Clostridium, Aeromonas, Vibrio, Escherichia_Shigella, Klebsiella, Campylobacter, Helicobacter, Pseudomonas, Morganella, Serratia, Corynebacterium, Enterococcus, Staphylococcus, Yersinia, Mycoplasma, Brucellaceae_unclassified, Pantoea, and Proteus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Bozcal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Melih Dagdeviren
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Bornova, 35040, Izmir, Turkey
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15
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Muñoz K, Flores-Herrera P, Gonçalves AT, Rojas C, Yáñez C, Mercado L, Brokordt K, Schmitt P. The immune response of the scallop Argopecten purpuratus is associated with changes in the host microbiota structure and diversity. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 91:241-250. [PMID: 31100440 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
All organisms live in close association with a variety of microorganisms called microbiota. Furthermore, several studies support a fundamental role of the microbiota on the host health and homeostasis. In this context, the aim of this work was to determine the structure and diversity of the microbiota associated with the scallop Argopecten purpuratus, and to assess changes in community composition and diversity during the host immune response. To do this, adult scallops were immune challenged and sampled after 24 and 48 h. Activation of the immune response was established by transcript overexpression of several scallop immune response genes in hemocytes and gills, and confirmed by protein detection of the antimicrobial peptide big defensin in gills of Vibrio-injected scallops at 24 h post-challenge. Then, the major bacterial community profile present in individual scallops was assessed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of 16S rDNA genes and dendrogram analyses, which indicated a clear clade differentiation of the bacterial communities noticeable at 48 h post-challenge. Finally, the microbiota structure and diversity from pools of scallops were characterized using 16S deep amplicon sequencing. The results revealed an overall modulation of the microbiota abundance and diversity according to scallop immune status, allowing for prediction of some changes in the functional potential of the microbial community. Overall, the present study showed that changes in the structure and diversity of bacterial communities associated with the scallop A. purpuratus are detected after the activation of the host immune response. Now, the relevance of microbial balance disruption in the immune capacity of the scallop remains to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Muñoz
- Laboratorio de Genética e Inmunología Molecular, Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - P Flores-Herrera
- Laboratorio de Genética e Inmunología Molecular, Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - A T Gonçalves
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Genómica Acuícola - Centro Interdisciplinario para la Investigación Acuícola (INCAR), Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - C Rojas
- Laboratorio de Microbiología, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - C Yáñez
- Laboratorio de Microbiología, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L Mercado
- Laboratorio de Genética e Inmunología Molecular, Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - K Brokordt
- Laboratory of Marine Physiology and Genetics (FIGEMA), Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA) and Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - P Schmitt
- Laboratorio de Genética e Inmunología Molecular, Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.
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