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Boyden JY, Ersek M, Widger KA, Shea JA, Feudtner C. The Home-Based Experiences of Palliative and Hospice Care for Children and Caregivers (EXPERIENCE) Measure: Evaluation of Psychometric Properties. J Pain Symptom Manage 2024:S0885-3924(24)00838-8. [PMID: 38942094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2024.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Home-based pediatric palliative and hospice care (PPHC) supports the hundreds of thousands of children with serious illness and complex care needs and their families in the home setting. Considerable variation, however, exists in the provision and quality of home-based PPHC in the U.S. Ensuring equitable, high-quality home-based PPHC for all children requires the evaluation of families' care experiences and assessment of whether these experiences are aligned with their needs and priorities. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the psychometric properties of the previously developed 23-item home-based PPHC EXPERIENCE Measure for use with families of children receiving home-based PPHC in the United States. METHODS Participants included families recruited from the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Courageous Parents Network, and several other hospital- and community-based PPHC programs across the U.S. who provide home-based PPHC services. Participants completed the EXPERIENCE Measure at baseline and again at retest. We evaluated the factor structure of the EXPERIENCE Measure, as well as evidence regarding score reliability and validity. RESULTS Eighty-two family participants completed the baseline and 53 completed the retest questionnaire from 15 states across the U.S. We found evidence for the score reliability and validity of a four-domain EXPERIENCE measure. CONCLUSION The EXPERIENCE Measure is a tool with evidence for reliable and valid scores to evaluate family-reported home-based PPHC experiences at the time care is being received. Future work will evaluate the usability (i.e., acceptability, feasibility, and clinical actionability) of EXPERIENCE, including the sensitivity of the instrument to change over time and its impact on real-time clinical actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackelyn Y Boyden
- Department of Family and Community Health (J.Y.B.), Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences (M.E.), School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Pediatrics (J.Y.B., C.F.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Mary Ersek
- Department of Family and Community Health (J.Y.B.), Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences (M.E.), School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.E.), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kimberley A Widger
- Lawrence Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing (K.A.W.), University of Toronto; Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Pediatric Advanced Care Team, Hospital for Sick Children (K.A.W.), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Judy A Shea
- Department of Medicine (J.A.S.), Department of Pediatrics (C.F.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Chris Feudtner
- Department of Pediatrics (J.Y.B., C.F.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Medicine (J.A.S.), Department of Pediatrics (C.F.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Lin X, Qulian G, Bai Y, Liu Q. Differences in the knowledge, attitudes, and needs of caregivers and healthcare providers regarding palliative care: a cross-sectional investigation in pediatric settings in China. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:386. [PMID: 38844953 PMCID: PMC11155171 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-02052-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Countries abroad have implemented pediatric palliative treatment for several years; however, complete pediatric palliative treatment guidelines and legal guidance remain lacking in China, making the implementation of palliative care difficult. PURPOSE This study aimed to understand the current situation, similarities, and differences in the knowledge, attitudes, and needs of caregivers and healthcare providers regarding palliative care for children. METHODS This cross-correlation study collected data from pediatric and neonatal intensive care units of four hospitals in China. The participants comprised 180 caregivers and 172 healthcare providers. The measurement tools included the palliative care knowledge scale, palliative care attitude scale, and pediatric palliative care needs scale. This study adhered to the STROBE reporting guidelines. RESULTS Significant differences in palliative care knowledge, attitudes, and needs were observed between caregivers and healthcare providers (p < 0.005). Pediatric healthcare providers demonstrated higher knowledge and positive attitudes regarding palliative care than caregivers. Needs for communication in general and relief from pain and other symptoms of caregivers were higher than those of healthcare providers (p < 0.001). Furthermore, palliative care attitude and needs of healthcare providers were positively correlated with each other (r = 0.212, p < 0.005). CONCLUSION Pediatric healthcare providers and caregivers demonstrated different perceptions of needs for palliative care. The results of this study can serve as a reference for the future development of guidelines related to children's needs and related interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, P. R. China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, P. R. China
- Department of Nursing, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Guo Qulian
- Department of Pediatrics, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, P. R. China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Yongqi Bai
- Department of Pediatrics, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, P. R. China.
- Department of Nursing, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Qin Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, P. R. China.
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Papa S, Mercante A, Giacomelli L, Benini F. Pediatric Palliative Care: Insights into Assessment Tools andReview Instruments. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1406. [PMID: 37628404 PMCID: PMC10453330 DOI: 10.3390/children10081406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The proper assessment of needs and outcomes in pediatric palliative care (PPC) is imperativeto ensure the best possible service to patients and families. However, given the multidimensionalnature of PPC, the low number of patients in this setting, the heterogeneity of diseases, the presenceof cognitive impairment in many patients, and the physiological development of children, outcomescan be complex and difficult to measure. Consequently, in this context, the use of standardizedand validated tools to assess the needs of children and families, to assess symptom severity, andto estimate the quality of PPC service represent a current need. Even if efforts have been made tostandardize approaches and tools for palliative care in adults, to our knowledge, a similar comprehensiveassessment of PPC has not yet been conducted to date. This narrative review provides anoverview and discusses the evaluation of tools currently applied in PPC, with an educational intentfor healthcare providers. We found that several instruments are available to assess different dimensionsof PPC. We proposed a classification into eligibility tools, patient and family needs assessmenttools, and care assessment tools. At present, two main eligibility tools exist, the PaPaS Scale and theACCAPED Scale questionnaire. Most of the tools for patient and family needs assessment have notbeen specifically validated in the PPC setting, and many may be more readily applied in researchsettings rather than in daily practice. Similar considerations can be made for tools assessing QoL,while tools assessing PPC service quality seem to be easily applied. Efforts to develop new specifictools and validate existing ones are undoubtedly advocated. However, in the patient's best interest,PPC healthcare providers should start using available tools, regardless of their validation status.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Mercante
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Ospedale San Bortolo, 36100 Vicenza, Italy
| | | | - Franca Benini
- Pediatric Palliative Care, Pain Service, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Padua, 35122 Padua, Italy;
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Boyden JY, Bogetz JF, Johnston EE, Thienprayoon R, Williams CSP, McNeil MJ, Patneaude A, Widger KA, Rosenberg AR, Ananth P. Measuring Pediatric Palliative Care Quality: Challenges and Opportunities. J Pain Symptom Manage 2023; 65:e483-e495. [PMID: 36736860 PMCID: PMC10106436 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2023.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Pediatric palliative care (PPC) programs vary widely in structure, staffing, funding, and patient census, resulting in inconsistency in service provision. Improving the quality of palliative care for children living with serious illness and their families requires measuring care quality, ensuring that quality measurement is embedded into day-to-day clinical practice, and aligning quality measurement with healthcare policy priorities. Yet, numerous challenges exist in measuring PPC quality. This paper provides an overview of PPC quality measurement, including challenges, current initiatives, and future opportunities. While important strides toward addressing quality measurement challenges in PPC have been made, including ongoing quality measurement initiatives like the Cambia Metrics Project, the PPC What Matters Most study, and collaborative learning networks, more work remains. Providing high-quality PPC to all children and families will require a multi-pronged approach. In this paper, we suggest several strategies for advancing high-quality PPC, which includes 1) considering how and by whom success is defined, 2) evaluating, adapting, and developing PPC measures, including those that address care disparities within PPC for historically marginalized and excluded communities, 3) improving the infrastructure with which to routinely and prospectively measure, monitor, and report clinical and administrative quality measures, 4) increasing endorsement of PPC quality measures by prominent quality organizations to facilitate accountability and possible reimbursement, and 5) integrating PPC-specific quality measures into the administrative, funding, and policy landscape of pediatric healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackelyn Y Boyden
- Department of Family and Community Health, School of Nursing (J.Y.B.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Jori F Bogetz
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Bioethics and Palliative Care (J.F.B.), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA; Center for Clinical and Translational Research (J.F.B.), Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Emily E Johnston
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology (E.E.J.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, University of Alabama at Birmingham (E.E.J.), Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Rachel Thienprayoon
- Department of Anesthesia, Division of Palliative Care, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (R.T.), Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (R.T.), Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Conrad S P Williams
- Palliative Care Program and Department of Pediatrics (C.S.P.W.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Michael J McNeil
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Department of Global Pediatric Medicine (M.J.M.), Memphis, Tennessee, USA; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Division of Quality and Life and Palliative Care, Department of Oncology (M.J.M.), Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Arika Patneaude
- Bioethics and Palliative Care, Seattle Children's Hospital (A.P.), Seattle, Washington, USA; University of Washington School of Social Work (A.P.), Seattle, Washington, USA; Treuman Katz Center for Pediatric Bioethics (A.P.), Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Kimberley A Widger
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing (K.A.W.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Hospital for Sick Children (K.A.W.), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Abby R Rosenberg
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care (A.R.S.), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.R.S.), Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Prasanna Ananth
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine (P.A.), New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Yale Cancer Outcomes, Public Policy and Effectiveness Research (COPPER) Center (P.A.), New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Mayland CR, Sunderland KA, Cooper M, Taylor P, Powell PA, Zeigler L, Cox V, Gilman C, Turner N, Flemming K, Fraser LK. Measuring quality of dying, death and end-of-life care for children and young people: A scoping review of available tools. Palliat Med 2022; 36:1186-1206. [PMID: 35915561 PMCID: PMC9446433 DOI: 10.1177/02692163221105599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The circumstances and care provided at the end of a child's life have a profound impact on family members. Although assessing experiences and outcomes during this time is challenging, healthcare professionals have a responsibility to ensure high quality of care is provided. AIM To identify available tools which measure the quality of dying, death and end-of-life care for children and young people; describe the content, and data on validity and reliability of existing tools. DESIGN Scoping review was conducted following the Arksey and O'Malley methodological framework. DATA SOURCES Four electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and PsycINFO) and grey literature were searched for studies published in English (January 2000-June 2021). A review of reference lists and citation searching was also undertaken. Tools needed to include a focus on the 'dying' phase of illness (defined as the last month of life). RESULTS From 2078 articles, a total of 18 studies, reporting on 11 tools were identified. All tools were completed by primary caregivers or healthcare professionals as 'proxy' assessments; all except one was undertaken after death. Question items about quality of life and preparation for death were found in all tools; items relating to cultural aspects of care, grief and financial costs were less common. Only 6/11 had undergone psychometric testing within a paediatric palliative care setting. CONCLUSIONS Future research should include ways to adapt, refine and improve existing tools. Assessing their wider application in different clinical and cultural settings and conducting further psychometric assessment represent areas of focus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catriona R Mayland
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.,Palliative Care Unit, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Matthew Cooper
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Paul Taylor
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.,St Luke's Hospice, Sheffield, UK
| | - Philip A Powell
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Lucy Zeigler
- Academic Unit of Palliative Care, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Vicki Cox
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Constance Gilman
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Nicola Turner
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Kate Flemming
- Department of Health Sciences, The University of York, York, UK
| | - Lorna K Fraser
- Department of Health Sciences, Martin House Research Centre, University of York, York, UK
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6
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Papworth A, Hackett J, Beresford B, Murtagh F, Weatherly H, Hinde S, Bedendo A, Walker G, Noyes J, Oddie S, Vasudevan C, Feltbower R, Phillips B, Hain R, Subramanian G, Haynes A, Fraser LK. End of life care for infants, children and young people (ENHANCE): Protocol for a mixed methods evaluation of current practice in the United Kingdom [version 1; peer review: 2 approved]. NIHR OPEN RESEARCH 2022; 2:37. [PMID: 35935675 PMCID: PMC7613236 DOI: 10.3310/nihropenres.13273.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Although child mortality has decreased over the last few decades, around 4,500 infants and children die in the UK every year, many of whom require palliative care. There is, however, little evidence on paediatric end-of-life care services. The current National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidance provides recommendations about what should be offered, but these are based on low quality evidence. The ENHANCE study aims to identify and investigate the different models of existing end-of-life care provision for infants, children, and young people in the UK, including an assessment of the outcomes and experiences for children and parents, and the cost implications to families and healthcare providers. Methods This mixed methods study will use three linked workstreams and a cross-cutting health economics theme to examine end-of-life care models in three exemplar clinical settings: infant, children and young adult cancer services (PTCs), paediatric intensive care units (PICUs), and neonatal units (NNUs).Workstream 1 (WS1) will survey current practice in each setting and will result in an outline of the different models of care used. WS2 is a qualitative comparison of the experiences of staff, parents and patients across the different models identified. WS3 is a quantitative assessment of the outcomes, resource use and costs across the different models identified. Discussion Results from this study will contribute to an understanding of how end-of-life care can provide the greatest benefit for children at the end of their lives. It will also allow us to understand the likely benefits of additional funding in end-of-life care in terms of patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Papworth
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
- Martin House Research Centre, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Julia Hackett
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
- Martin House Research Centre, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Bryony Beresford
- Martin House Research Centre, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
- Social Policy Research Unit, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Fliss Murtagh
- Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Helen Weatherly
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Sebastian Hinde
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Andre Bedendo
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
- Martin House Research Centre, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | | | - Jane Noyes
- School of Health Sciences, Bangor University, Fron Heulog, Bangor, LL57 2EF, UK
| | - Sam Oddie
- Bradford Hospitals National Health Service Trust, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK
| | | | - Richard Feltbower
- Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9NL, UK
| | - Bob Phillips
- Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, UK, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Richard Hain
- All-Wales Paediatric Palliative Care Network, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UK
- College of Human and Health Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Gayathri Subramanian
- Manchester University National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
| | - Andrew Haynes
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
- Martin House Research Centre, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Lorna K Fraser
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
- Martin House Research Centre, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
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Zimmermann K, Marfurt-Russenberger K, Cignacco E, Bergstraesser E. Bereaved parents' perspectives on their child's end-of-life care: connecting a self-report questionnaire and interview data from the nationwide Paediatric End-of-LIfe CAre Needs in Switzerland (PELICAN) study. Palliat Care 2022; 21:66. [PMID: 35509046 PMCID: PMC9066872 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-022-00957-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Paediatric Palliative Care (PPC) focuses on ensuring the best possible quality of life for the child and his/her family by extending beyond the physical domain into psychosocial and spiritual wellbeing. A deep understanding of what is important to parents is crucial in guiding the further evaluation and improvement of PPC and end-of-life (EOL) care services. Much can be learned from specific positive and negative experiences of bereaved parents with the EOL care of their child. This report builds upon a questionnaire survey as part of the national Paediatric End-of-LIfe CAre Needs in Switzerland (PELICAN) study. Methods One part of the PELICAN study was set up to assess and explore the parental perspectives on their child’s EOL care. Interview data were used to explain the extremely positive and negative results of a quantitative survey in an explanatory sequential mixed-methods approach. Data integration occurred at different points: during sampling of the interview participants, when designing the interview guide and during analysis. A narrative approach was applied to combine the qualitative results reported here with the already published quantitative survey results. Results Eighteen mothers (60%) and twelve fathers (40%) participated in 20 family interviews. All parents reported having both positive and negative experiences during their child’s illness and EOL, which was characterised by many ups and downs. The families transitioned through phases with a prospect of a cure for some children as well as setbacks and changing health status of the child which influenced prognosis, leading to the challenge of making extremely difficult decisions. Severely negative experiences still haunted and bothered the parents at the time when the interview took place. Conclusions A deep understanding of the perspectives and needs of parents going through the devastating event of losing a child is important and a prerequisite to providing compassionate care. This complex care needs to recognise and respond to the suffering not only of the child but of the parents and the whole family. Communication and shared decision-making remain pivotal, as do still improvable elements of care that should build on trustful relationships between families and healthcare professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Zimmermann
- Department Public Health (DPH), Nursing Science, University of Basel, Bernoullistrasse 28, 4056, Basel, Switzerland. .,Paediatric Palliative Care and Children's Research Center CRC, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | | | - Eva Cignacco
- Health Department, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eva Bergstraesser
- Paediatric Palliative Care and Children's Research Center CRC, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
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Malcolm C, Knighting K. What does effective end-of-life care at home for children look like? A qualitative interview study exploring the perspectives of bereaved parents. Palliat Med 2021; 35:1602-1611. [PMID: 34109876 DOI: 10.1177/02692163211023300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND End-of-life care for children with life-shortening conditions is provided in a range of settings including hospital, hospice and home. What home-based, end-of-life care should entail or what best practice might look like is not widely reported, particularly from the perspective of parents who experienced the death of a child at home. AIM To explore the value and assess the effectiveness of an innovative model of care providing home-based, end-of-life care as perceived by families who accessed the service. DESIGN A qualitative descriptive study design was employed with in-depth semi-structured interviews conducted with bereaved parents. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS Thirteen bereaved parents of 10 children supported by the home-based end-of-life care service. RESULTS Parents reported effective aspects of end-of-life care provided at home to include: (1) ability to facilitate changes in preferred place of death; (2) trusted relationships with care providers who really know the child and family; (3) provision of child and family-centred care; (4) specialist care and support provided by the service as and when needed; and (5) quality and compassionate death and bereavement care. Parents proposed recommendations for future home-based end-of-life care including shared learning, improving access to home-based care for other families and dispelling hospice myths. CONCLUSION Parents with experience of caring for a dying child at home offer valuable input to future the policy and practice surrounding effective home-based, end-of-life care for children. New models of care or service developments should consider the key components and attributes for effective home-based end-of-life identified by bereaved parents in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cari Malcolm
- School of Health and Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Katherine Knighting
- Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, England, UK
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Boyden JY, Feudtner C, Deatrick JA, Widger K, LaRagione G, Lord B, Ersek M. Developing a family-reported measure of experiences with home-based pediatric palliative and hospice care: a multi-method, multi-stakeholder approach. BMC Palliat Care 2021; 20:17. [PMID: 33446192 PMCID: PMC7809872 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-020-00703-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many children with serious illnesses are receiving palliative and end-of-life care from pediatric palliative and hospice care teams at home (PPHC@Home). Despite the growth in PPHC@Home, no standardized measures exist to evaluate whether PPHC@Home provided in the U.S. meets the needs and priorities of children and their families. Methods We developed and conducted a preliminary evaluation of a family-reported measure of PPHC@Home experiences using a multi-method, multi-stakeholder approach. Our instrument development process consisted of four phases. Item identification and development (Phase 1) involved a comprehensive literature search of existing instruments, guidelines, standards of practice, and PPHC@Home outcome studies, as well as guidance from a PPHC stakeholder panel. Phase 2 involved the initial item prioiritization and reduction using a discrete choice experiment (DCE) with PPHC professionals and parent advocates. Phase 3 involved a second DCE with bereaved parents and parents currently receiving care for their child to further prioritize and winnow the items to a set of the most highly-valued items. Finally, we conducted cognitive interviews with parents to provide information about the content validity and clarity of the newly-developed instrument (Phase 4). Results Items were compiled predominantly from three existing instruments. Phase 2 participants included 34 PPHC providers, researchers, and parent advocates; Phase 3 participants included 47 parents; and Phase 4 participants included 11 parents. At the completion of Phase 4, the Experiences of Palliative and Hospice Care for Children and Caregivers at Home (EXPERIENCE@Home) Measure contains 22 of the most highly-valued items for evaluating PPHC@Home. These items include “The care team treats my child’s physical symptoms so that my child has as good a quality of life as possible”, “I have regular access to on-call services from our care team”, and “The nurses have the knowledge, skills, and experience to support my child’s palliative or hospice care at home.” Conclusions The EXPERIENCE@Home Measure is the first known to specifically measure family-reported experiences with PPHC@Home in the U.S. Future work will include formal psychometric evaluation with a larger sample of parents, as well as evaluation of the clinical utility of the instrument with PPHC@Home teams. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12904-020-00703-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackelyn Y Boyden
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, 418 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. .,Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Chris Feudtner
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Janet A Deatrick
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, 418 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Kimberley Widger
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gwenn LaRagione
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Blyth Lord
- Courageous Parents Network, Newton, MA, USA
| | - Mary Ersek
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, 418 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, 21 S University Ave, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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A Reliable and Valid Parent Self-Report Tool to Assess Children's Global Health Needs. J Pediatr Nurs 2021; 56:e35-e41. [PMID: 32773207 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2020.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to develop and validate a parent self-report questionnaire to explore global health needs in 2- to 6-year-old children. DESIGN AND METHODS The development of the tool started with a conceptualization phase, followed by the design, pilot testing and psychometric validation of the questionnaire. The construct validity was assessed. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were carried out to explore the construct validity of the questionnaire. The normed fit index (NFI), root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), chi square test and comparative fit index (CFI) were used to test the goodness-of-fit. Reliability was explored through Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency. RESULTS A total of 973 parents completed the 119 items of the Necesidades de salud de la Población Infantil (NPI) questionnaire for the psychometric validation stage. The EFA identified seven factors: Lifestyles, Promotion of healthy lifestyles and influence of significant persons, Children's socioemotional aspects, Parents' socioemotional aspects, Parental self-efficacy, Situational influences, Professional advice. All the factors showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha >0.7). The CFA showed good adjustment to the model (RMSEA = 0.048). The values of NFI and CFI were 0.741 and 0.779 respectively. CONCLUSIONS The NPI questionnaire is a reliable and valid instrument. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The seven-factor questionnaire will be useful for analyzing children's global health needs, designing health promotion programs according to identified needs and assessing related interventions.
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Gill FJ, Hashem Z, Stegmann R, Aoun SM. The support needs of parent caregivers of children with a life-limiting illness and approaches used to meet their needs: A scoping review. Palliat Med 2021; 35:76-96. [PMID: 33103579 DOI: 10.1177/0269216320967593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Provision of paediatric palliative care is complex and optimally covers meeting the individual needs of a heterogenous population of children and their parent caregivers throughout a life-limiting illness. It is unclear whether existing approaches comprehensively address parent caregivers' needs. AIM To examine support needs of parents caring for children with life limiting illnesses and identify specific approaches used to identify and address needs. DESIGN A scoping review. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL and ProQuest Central, were searched for peer reviewed English language full text research published from 2008 to 2019. Study quality appraisal was undertaken. Fourteen quantitative, 18 qualitative and 12 mixed methods studies were synthesised and themed using summative content analysis and mapped to the Parent Supportive Care Needs Framework (PSCNF). RESULTS Themes were communication, choice, information, practical, social, psychological, emotional and physical. Communication and choice were central and additional to domains of the PSCNF. Unmet were needs for supporting siblings, for respite care, out of hours, psychological, home and educational support. Six articles reported using instruments to identify parent carer support needs. CONCLUSION Support needs of parent caregivers of children with life limiting illnesses are substantial and heterogenous. While studies report evidence of burden and distress in parent caregivers, this rarely translates into improvements in practice through the development of interventions. A systematic and regular assessment of individual parent caregiver support needs is required by using instruments appropriate to use in clinical practice to move the focus to palliative care interventions and improved services for parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenella J Gill
- Perth Children's Hospital, Child and Adolescent Health Service, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Faculty Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Zahraa Hashem
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Faculty Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Roswitha Stegmann
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Samar M Aoun
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia.,Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Western Australia, Australia
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12
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Leemann T, Bergstraesser E, Cignacco E, Zimmermann K. Differing needs of mothers and fathers during their child's end-of-life care: secondary analysis of the "Paediatric end-of-life care needs" (PELICAN) study. BMC Palliat Care 2020; 19:118. [PMID: 32753031 PMCID: PMC7405340 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-020-00621-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mothers and fathers are severely challenged when providing care for their terminally ill child at end of life. Caregiving needs have been studied predominantly in mothers. Differences in caregiving needs between mothers and fathers during their child’s end of life have not, however, been explored so far. This knowledge is of importance to best meet individual parental needs in paediatric end-of-life care. Methods Secondary analysis of a quantitative survey on parental needs during their child’s last 4 weeks of life, collected in the Swiss multicentre “Paediatric End-of-Life Care Needs” (PELICAN) study. Caregiving needs of mothers and fathers (parental dyad) who had lost a child due to a cardiological, neurological or oncological disease or during the neonatal period in the years 2011–2012 were retrospectively assessed using a questionnaire representing six evidence-based quality domains of paediatric palliative and end-of-life care. Results Seventy-eight parental dyads were included in this analysis. Differences between mothers and fathers were mostly found around needs to be supported as a family. In all, 28 out of 34 needs-related questionnaire items were scored higher by mothers than by fathers, indicating higher importance for that need to be met. The results indicate that these differences might relate to different caregiving roles and gender-specific coping strategies. Conclusions To best meet parental needs in paediatric end-of-life care, particular attention should be paid to both mothers and fathers and their specific caregiving roles, as differences in these roles might influence their needs in this exceptional situation. Therefore, healthcare professionals should identify how parental dyads mutually navigate care for their sick child to best meet their needs in support. Additionally, mothers and fathers should be supported in their individual coping strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Leemann
- School of Human Medicine, University of Zurich Faculty of Medicine, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Eva Bergstraesser
- Paediatric Palliative Care and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, Zurich, 8032, Switzerland
| | - Eva Cignacco
- Department of Health Professions, Berne University of Applied Sciences, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Karin Zimmermann
- Paediatric Palliative Care and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, Zurich, 8032, Switzerland. .,Department Public Health - Nursing Science, University of Basel, Bernoullistrasse 28, Basel, 4056, Switzerland.
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13
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Efficacy of the Paediatrics Palliative Care Team of Murcia according to the experience of the parents. ANALES DE PEDIATRÍA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2019.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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14
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Plaza Fornieles M, García-Marcos Barbero P, Galera Miñarro AM, Barbieri G, Bellavia N, Bermúdez Cortés MDM, Navarro Mingorance Á. [Efficacy of the Paediatrics Palliative Care Team of Murcia according to the experience of the parents]. An Pediatr (Barc) 2020; 93:4-15. [PMID: 31427213 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The care at the end of children's lives must be sensitive to the needs of the child and their family. An understanding of the illness is required from the perspective of parents faced with the death of their child, in order to improve quality and guide the development of end-of-life care in Paediatrics. METHOD A retrospective observational study was conducted between June 2014 and June 2017 using a questionnaire, to assess the needs, experiences, and satisfaction with the care received, from a sample of parents who lost a child due to a foreseeable cause. Three different study groups were formed based on the team responsible for end-of-life care, and an analysis was carried out on the differences between the group treated by the paediatric palliative care team, the group attended by non-palliative paediatricians, and the neonatal group. RESULTS Of the 80 eligible families, 64 could be contacted, and 28 (43.8%) finally completed the questionnaire. Our study shows positive experiences and high satisfaction of parents with the care received at the end of their child's life. The highest scores in experiences and satisfaction were given by the parents of the children served by the paediatric palliative care team, with statistically significant differences in family support, communication, shared decision making, and bereavement support (P<.05). CONCLUSIONS Parents are satisfied with the care received at the end of their children's lives, but the intervention of a specific paediatric palliative care team improves the quality of care at the end of life in paediatrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Plaza Fornieles
- Sección de Oncohematología Pediátrica, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, España.
| | | | - Ana María Galera Miñarro
- Sección de Oncohematología Pediátrica, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, España
| | - Giorgio Barbieri
- Sección de Radiología Intervencionista, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, España
| | - Noemi Bellavia
- Departamento de Ciencias Quirúrgicas, Trasplante de Órganos y Tecnología Avanzadas, Hospital Universitario Policlínico-Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italia
| | | | - Álvaro Navarro Mingorance
- Sección de Cuidados Paliativos Pediátricos, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, España
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Widger K, Brennenstuhl S, Duc J, Tourangeau A, Rapoport A. Factor structure of the Quality of Children's Palliative Care Instrument (QCPCI) when complete by parents of children with cancer. BMC Palliat Care 2019; 18:23. [PMID: 30823877 PMCID: PMC6397460 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-019-0406-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Currently available indicators of quality pediatric palliative care tend to focus on care provided during the end-of-life period rather than care provided throughout the disease trajectory. We adapted a previously developed instrument focused on mothers’ perspectives on the quality of end-of-life care and assessed its psychometric properties with mothers and fathers of children with cancer at any stage of the illness. Methods Four subscales were included in the analysis: Connect with Families, Involve Parents, Share Information Among Health Professionals, Support Siblings. The number of items across the four subscales was reduced from 31 to 15. We conducted confirmatory factor analysis, composite reliability, internal consistency, and tests of correlation between the overall scale and subscale totals and a separate question inquiring about overall quality of care. Measurement invariance between mothers and fathers was assessed. Results A total of 533 mothers and fathers completed the survey. The four-factor model was confirmed and there were significant correlations between each subscale score and responses to the overall item on care quality. Cronbach’s alpha was adequate for the scale as a whole and for each subscale ranging from 0.78 to 0.90. We also found the factor structure, means, and intercepts were similar across mothers and fathers, suggesting the tool can be used by both groups. Conclusions There is evidence for a four-factor structure within a new Quality of Children’s Palliative Care Instrument (QCPCI) with demonstrated reliability when used with mothers and fathers of children with cancer. Ongoing assessment of the psychometric properties is needed, including testing in additional populations. However, our initial findings suggest that the QCPCI may be a helpful tool for assessing the quality of palliative care for pediatric patients anywhere along the disease trajectory from the perspective of parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley Widger
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, 130-155 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1P8, Canada. .,Paediatric Advanced Care Team, Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada.
| | - Sarah Brennenstuhl
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, 130-155 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1P8, Canada
| | - Jacqueline Duc
- Paediatric Palliative Care Service, Lady Cilento Children's Hospital, Stanley Street, South Brisbane, QLD, 4101, Australia
| | - Ann Tourangeau
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, 130-155 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1P8, Canada
| | - Adam Rapoport
- Paediatric Advanced Care Team, Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada.,Emily's House Children's Hospice, 45 Jack Layton Way, Toronto, ON, M4M 0B7, Canada
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16
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Gracia E, Martín-Fernández M, Marco M, Santirso FA, Vargas V, Lila M. The Willingness to Intervene in Cases of Intimate Partner Violence Against Women (WI-IPVAW) Scale: Development and Validation of the Long and Short Versions. Front Psychol 2018; 9:1146. [PMID: 30065678 PMCID: PMC6056762 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Willingness to intervene when one becomes aware of a case of intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) reflects the level of tolerance and acceptance of this type of violence in society. Increasing the likelihood of intervention to help victims of IPVAW is also a target for prevention strategies aiming to increase informal social control of IPVAW. In this study, we present the development and validation of the Willingness to Intervene in Cases of Intimate Partner Violence (WI-IPVAW) scale. We report data for both the long and short versions of the scale. We analyzed the latent structure, the reliability and validity of the WI-IPVAW across four samples (N = 1648). Factor analyses supported a bifactor model with a general non-specific factor expressing willingness to intervene in cases of IPVAW, and three specific factors reflecting different intervention preferences: a preference for setting the law enforcement process in motion ("calling the cops" factor), a preference for personal intervention ("personal involvement" factor), and a preference for non-intervention ("not my business" factor). Configural, metric, and partial scalar invariance across genders were supported. Two short versions of the scale, with nine and six items, respectively, were constructed on the base of quantitative and qualitative criteria. The long and short versions of the WI-IPVAW demonstrated both high reliability and construct validity, as they were strongly related to the acceptability of IPVAW, victim-blaming attitudes, perceived severity of IPVAW, and hostile sexism. These results confirm that both the long and short versions of the WI-IPVAW scale are psychometrically sound instruments to analyze willingness to intervene in cases of IPVAW in different settings and with different research needs (e.g., long versions for clinical and research settings, and short versions for large population surveys). The WI-IPVAW is also useful for assessing prevention policies and public education campaigns design to promote a more responsive social environment in cases of IPVAW, thus contributing to deter and reduce this major social and public health problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Gracia
- Department of Social Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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17
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Li J, Oakley LD, Li Y, Luo Y. Development and initial validation of a clinical measure to assess early symptoms of post‐stroke depression in the acute stroke patient. J Clin Nurs 2017; 27:784-794. [PMID: 28981176 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.14099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jufang Li
- School of Nursing Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang China
| | | | - Yun Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Yong Luo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China
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18
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Eskola K, Bergstraesser E, Zimmermann K, Cignacco E. Maintaining family life balance while facing a child's imminent death-A mixed methods study. J Adv Nurs 2017; 73:2462-2472. [DOI: 10.1111/jan.13304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katri Eskola
- Institute of Nursing Science; University of Basel; Switzerland
- Clinical Nurse Specialist; Triemli Hospital; Zurich Switzerland
| | | | - Karin Zimmermann
- Institute of Nursing Science; University of Basel; Switzerland
- University Children's Hospital Zurich; Switzerland
| | - Eva Cignacco
- Institute of Nursing Science; University of Basel; Switzerland
- Health Division; University of Applied Sciences Bern; Switzerland
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19
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Zimmermann K, Bergstraesser E, Engberg S, Ramelet AS, Marfurt-Russenberger K, Von der Weid N, Grandjean C, Fahrni-Nater P, Cignacco E. When parents face the death of their child: a nationwide cross-sectional survey of parental perspectives on their child's end-of life care. BMC Palliat Care 2016; 15:30. [PMID: 26956995 PMCID: PMC4784404 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-016-0098-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parents facing the death of their child have a strong need for compassionate professional support. Care services should be based on empirical evidence, be sensitive to the needs of the families concerned, take into account the heterogeneity within the medical field of paediatrics, and fit into the local health care system. We need to better understand the perspectives of parents facing the death of their child in order to guide further development and evaluation of specialised paediatric palliative and end-of-life (EOL) care services. METHODS Questionnaire survey to assess the EOL care perspectives of a Swiss population-based sample of bereaved parents who had lost a child due to a cardiac, neurological or oncological condition, or during the neonatal period in the years 2011 or 2012. The parental perspective was assessed with a newly developed and tested instrument that was structured according to six evidence-based quality domains. Responses regarding parental experiences and perceived satisfaction are described. Differences between the four diagnostic groups are analysed using a generalized estimation equation to account for the dyadic data structure. RESULTS Of 307 eligible families, 267 could be contacted and 135 (51%) consented to participate in this questionnaire survey. Our findings show positive parental experiences of their child's EOL care and high perceived satisfaction with the care their child received. Parents of a child with cancer rated their experiences highest in most of the six quality domains and reported the highest satisfaction with care. The lowest scores were mainly reported by parents from the neurology group, with the exception of the shared decision making domain, where parents of neonates reported significantly less positive experiences. CONCLUSIONS Although positive in general, our study results suggest some areas for improvement. The integration of specialised paediatric palliative care has the potential to minimise lost opportunities to support and assist parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Zimmermann
- Institute of Nursing Science, University of Basel, Bernoullistrasse 28, 4056, Basel, Switzerland. .,Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Eva Bergstraesser
- Paediatric Palliative Care, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Sandra Engberg
- School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, 3500 Victoria Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
| | - Anne-Sylvie Ramelet
- Institute of Higher Education and Research in Healthcare - IUFRS, University of Lausanne, Route de la Corniche 10, 1010, Lausanne, Switzerland. .,Paediatric Department, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 21, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | | | - Nicolas Von der Weid
- Department of Paediatric Haematology-Oncology, University Children's Hospital UKBB, Spitalstrasse 33, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Chantal Grandjean
- Paediatric Department, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 21, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Patricia Fahrni-Nater
- Paediatric Palliative Care Team, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 21, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Eva Cignacco
- Institute of Nursing Science, University of Basel, Bernoullistrasse 28, 4056, Basel, Switzerland. .,Research in Midwifery, University of Applied Sciences Bern, Health Division, Bern, Switzerland.
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