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Zarzycki M, Seddon D, Petrovic M, Morrison V. Supporting Individuals With an Acquired Brain Injury: An Interpretative Phenomenological Study Exploring the Everyday Lives of Caregivers. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2024:10497323241242046. [PMID: 38884621 DOI: 10.1177/10497323241242046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Acquired brain injury (ABI) is one of the most common causes of disability and death globally. Support from informal caregivers is critical to the well-being and quality of life of people with ABI and supports the sustainability of global health and social care systems. This study presents an in-depth qualitative analysis of the experiences of eight British informal caregivers supporting someone with ABI. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with narratives transcribed verbatim and analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). Three superordinate themes were generated: making sense of brain injury; being consumed by caregiving; and, the changing self. These data highlight the impact of caregiving on the caregiver's illness perceptions and sense of self. By identifying negative and positive changes in the caregiver's sense of self, and dilemmas regarding the care recipient's behaviour, we address less understood aspects of caregiver experiences. Caregiving can pose both challenges to the caregiver's sense of identity and an opportunity for self-growth. Some caregivers exhibit resilience throughout their journey, with post-traumatic growth more apparent in the later stages of caregiving. Illness perceptions shape caregiver well-being and family dynamics and indicate the need to address stigmatisation and discrimination faced by ABI survivors and caregivers. Although some caregivers acquired positive meaning and enrichment from their caregiving, previously described challenges of ABI caregiving are supported. Overall, our findings support the need for timely psychological/mental health support for caregivers, caregiver education, and the provision of short breaks from caregiving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikołaj Zarzycki
- Department of Psychology, Liverpool Hope University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Diane Seddon
- School of Health Sciences, College of Medicine and Health, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | - Milica Petrovic
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
- Depression Research Centre of the German Depression Foundation, Department for Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Val Morrison
- School of Psychology and Sports Science, College of Medicine and Health, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
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Zulueta Egea M, Prieto-Ursúa M, Bermejo Toro L, Jodar Anchía R. Quality of palliative nursing care: Meaning, death anxiety, and the mediating role of well-being. Palliat Support Care 2022; 21:1-9. [PMID: 35139982 DOI: 10.1017/s1478951521001954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing concern regarding the quality of palliative nursing care. However, despite the growing number of studies identifying related variables, there is still a paucity of studies analyzing models of how these variables interrelate. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to identify the role played in the quality of palliative care of nursing professionals by the variables meaning and death anxiety and to investigate the mediating role of psychological well-being and engagement. METHOD 176 palliative nursing professionals participated, selected by non-probabilistic convenience sampling using the snowball method. A simple mediation analysis and a multiple mediator model were performed in parallel, and data were collected using a paper and online questionnaire between January and May 2018. RESULTS Well-being mediated the impact of meaning (indirect effect = 0.096, SE = 0.044, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.028, 0.213) and death anxiety (indirect effect = -0.032, SE = 0.013, 95% CI: -0.064, -0.010) on the quality of care. Engagement, on the other hand, only mediated the impact of meaning (indirect effect = 0.185, SE = 0.085, 95% CI: 0.035, 0.372), while the indirect effect of death anxiety with the quality of care through engagement was not statistically significant (indirect effect = 0.008, SE = 0.009, 95% CI: -0.004, 0.032). SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS Death anxiety is not directly related to the quality of care, but rather has an effect through psychological well-being, a variable acting as a mediator between the two. The effect of meaning on the quality of care is explained by the mediation of both engagement and psychological well-being, and its impact on the quality of care is thereby mediated by more variables than death anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Zulueta Egea
- Nursing, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud San Rafael-Nebrija, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Prieto-Ursúa
- Psychology Department and Clinical Unit of Psychology (UNINPSI), Comillas Pontifical University - Cantoblanco Campus, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Bermejo Toro
- Psychology Department and Clinical Unit of Psychology (UNINPSI), Comillas Pontifical University - Cantoblanco Campus, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafa Jodar Anchía
- Psychology Department and Clinical Unit of Psychology (UNINPSI), Comillas Pontifical University - Cantoblanco Campus, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain
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Clancy M, Taylor J, Bradbury-Jones C, Phillimore J. A systematic review exploring palliative care for families who are forced migrants. J Adv Nurs 2020; 76:2872-2884. [PMID: 32865848 DOI: 10.1111/jan.14509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To explore the palliative care experiences of forced migrant children, families, and healthcare professionals (HCPs) highlighting successes, challenges, and associated practice implications. DESIGN Systematic literature review. DATA SOURCES The following search engines were searched from 2008 - 2018: Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health, MEDLINE, Embase, ProQuest, Scopus, Psycinfo, and Web of Science. Extensive reference and citation checking were also conducted. REVIEW METHODS Systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines with prepared PROSPERO registered protocol #CRD42019129200. English language qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods studies were eligible for inclusion. Study quality was appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). RESULTS Eighteen studies (reported in 20 articles) met the final inclusion criteria. Most focused on challenges to care provision. Thematic analysis following methods proposed by Braun and Clarke was undertaken. Five themes were identified: (a) divergence of beliefs and expectations; (b) communication; (c) navigating healthcare systems; (d) burdens and coping strategies; and (e) training and knowledge. A compassionate, collaborative approach with mutual respect crossed themes and was linked to high-quality care. CONCLUSION Forced migrant families have multiple needs including physical and emotional support and help in navigating complex systems. Professional interpreters can ease communication barriers when resourced appropriately. Individualized care is crucial to addressing the intricate mosaic of culture such families present. A cultural sensitivity/insensitivity framework is presented that may help guide future interactions and priorities for those working in children's palliative care. IMPACT This systematic review explored the international experiences of palliative care for forced migrant families. The findings highlight the plight of families who experience multiple traumas and increased levels of grief and loss through their migration experiences and when caring for a child with a life-limiting condition. This research has potential to have an impact on professionals working with culturally diverse families in all palliative care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Clancy
- School of Nursing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,School of Social Policy, Sociology and Criminology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Julie Taylor
- School of Nursing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Jenny Phillimore
- School of Social Policy, Sociology and Criminology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Death Attitudes, Palliative Care Self-efficacy, and Attitudes Toward Care of the Dying Among Hospice Nurses. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2020; 28:295-300. [DOI: 10.1007/s10880-020-09714-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Opsomer S, Pype P, Lauwerier E, De Lepeleire J. Resilience in middle-aged partners of patients diagnosed with incurable cancer: A thematic analysis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221096. [PMID: 31412074 PMCID: PMC6693771 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Providing care for patients with advanced cancer is often the responsibility of the partner. Being confronted with an incurable cancer diagnosis can be highly disruptive for the patient’s partner and can be considered a potentially traumatic event. However, most caregivers seem to adapt well during the process of providing care. This finding is in line with the concept of resilience in literature: a dynamic process of adapting well, resulting from the interplay between intrinsic and extrinsic resources and risks. Resilience is age-related, with the elderly population being higher in resilience as compared to the younger generation. However, resilience has been understudied in middle-aged caregivers. Aim To explore what intrinsic and extrinsic resources facilitate or hamper resilience in the middle-aged partner of a patient with incurable cancer. Methods Nine middle-aged partners of patients who died at home of cancer were selected and interviewed in depth within the first year following the death of their partner. A thematic analysis utilizing an inductive approach was conducted. Findings Resilience was challenged by the partner’s diagnosis of incurable cancer. All participants made use of a set of interacting, caregiver-specific and context-related resources, facilitating a resilient process and leading to positive feelings and even personal growth. The partners demonstrated individual competences: adaptive flexibility, positivism, a sense of self-initiative and adaptive dependency. Furthermore, they relied on their context: cancer-related professionals and relatives. Context and situation interact continuously. The resulting dynamics were based on the context-availability, meaningful relationships and the patient’s role. Conclusion A resilient trajectory results from an interplay between individual and contextual resources. To build resilience in middle-aged partners of patients with incurable cancer, health care professionals should address all available resources. Moreover, they should be aware of being part of the caregiver’s context, a complex adaptive system that can be either resilience-supporting or -threatening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Opsomer
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, UGent, Gent, Belgium
- * E-mail:
| | - Peter Pype
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, UGent, Gent, Belgium
- End-of-life Care Research Group, VUB & UGent, Gent, Belgium
| | - Emelien Lauwerier
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, UGent, Gent, Belgium
- Department of Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology, UGent, Gent, Belgium
| | - Jan De Lepeleire
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Jiang X, Yang Y, Li H, Li S, Su D, Zhang T, Zhang M. An intervention based on protective factors to improve resilience for breast cancer patients: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. J Adv Nurs 2019; 75:3088-3096. [PMID: 31225645 DOI: 10.1111/jan.14108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM To present a study protocol for evaluating the feasibility and effectiveness of an individual face-to-face intervention based on protective factors to improve resilience among breast cancer patients. BACKGROUND Research involving the effectiveness of universal interventions to improve resilience for breast cancer patients has seldom been reported and there is an urgent need to find a more acceptable, cost-effective method of providing emotional support. Through health education and psychological interventions, increasing protective factors could promote recovery to the original condition and improve resilience. DESIGN A randomized controlled trial of an individual face-to-face intervention. METHODS A total of 160 adults diagnosed with confirmed breast cancer will be recruited. The patients will be randomly assigned to the control group (N = 80) or the intervention group (N = 80). An intervention focusing on protective factors will be implemented in the intervention group. A survey of the patients from the two groups will be conducted at baseline, 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. The primary outcome is resilience, measured by the 14-item Resilience Scale. Secondary outcomes include self-efficacy, optimism, perceived social support, and mastery. The Chinese versions of the General Self-Efficacy Scale, revised Life Orientation Test, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and Self-Mastery Scale will be used to measure the four protective factors. IMPACT One-to-one and face-to-face interventions have many potential advantages for inpatients, including convenience, accessibility and individuality. Once its effectiveness is confirmed, the intervention will be implemented broadly and make support available for a large number of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Jiang
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Huangshan City People's Hospital, Huangshan, China
| | - Yajuan Yang
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Huiping Li
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shuwen Li
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Dan Su
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Maomao Zhang
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Maguire R, Hanly P, Maguire P. Beyond care burden: associations between positive psychological appraisals and well-being among informal caregivers in Europe. Qual Life Res 2019; 28:2135-2146. [DOI: 10.1007/s11136-019-02122-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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