1
|
Panda S, Kumar A, Gaur GK, Ahmad SF, Chauhan A, Mehrotra A, Dutt T. Genome wide copy number variations using Porcine 60K SNP Beadchip in Landlly pigs. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:1891-1899. [PMID: 35369845 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2022.2056047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, Porcine 60K SNP genotype data from 69 Landlly pigs were used to explore Copy Number Variations (CNVs) across the autosomes. A total of 386 CNVs were identified using Hidden Markov Model (HMM) in PennCNV software, which were subsequently aggregated to 115 CNV regions (CNVRs). Among the total detected CNVRs, 58 gain, 49 were loss type while remaining 8 events were both gain and loss types. Identified CNVRs covered 12.5 Mb (0.55%) of Sus scrofa reference 11.1 genome. Comparison of our results with previous investigations on pigs revealed that approximately 75% CNVRs were novel, which may be due to differences in genetic background, environment and implementation of artificial selection in Landlly pigs. Functional annotation and pathway analysis showed the significant enrichment of 267 well-annotated Sus scrofa genes in CNVRs. These genes were involved in different biological functions like sensory perception, meat quality traits, back fat thickness and immunity. Additionally, KIT and FUT1 were two major genes detected on CNVR in our population. This investigation provided a comprehensive overview of CNV distribution in the Indian porcine genome for the first time, which may be useful for further investigating the association of important quantitative traits in Landlly pigs.Highlights115 CNVRs were identified in 69 Landlly pig population.Approximately 75% detected CNVRs were novel for Landlly population.Significant enrichment of 267 well-annotated Sus scrofa genes observed in these CNVRs.These genes were involved in different biological functions like sensory perception, meat quality traits, back fat thickness and immunity.Comprehensive CNV map in the Indian porcine genome developed for the first time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Snehasmita Panda
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, India
| | - Gyanendra Kumar Gaur
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, India
| | - Sheikh Firdous Ahmad
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, India
| | - Anuj Chauhan
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, India
| | - Arnav Mehrotra
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, India
- Animal Genomics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Triveni Dutt
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Genome-Wide Detection and Analysis of Copy Number Variation in Anhui Indigenous and Western Commercial Pig Breeds Using Porcine 80K SNP BeadChip. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14030654. [PMID: 36980927 PMCID: PMC10047991 DOI: 10.3390/genes14030654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Copy number variation (CNV) is an important class of genetic variations widely associated with the porcine genome, but little is known about the characteristics of CNVs in foreign and indigenous pig breeds. We performed a genome-wide comparison of CNVs between Anhui indigenous pig (AHIP) and Western commercial pig (WECP) breeds based on data from the Porcine 80K SNP BeadChip. After analysis using the PennCNV software, we detected 3863 and 7546 CNVs in the AHIP and WECP populations, respectively. We obtained 225 (loss: 178, gain: 47) and 379 (loss: 293, gain: 86) copy number variation regions (CNVRs) randomly distributed across the autosomes of the AHIP and WECP populations, accounting for 10.90% and 22.57% of the porcine autosomal genome, respectively. Functional enrichment analysis of genes in the CNVRs identified genes related to immunity (FOXJ1, FOXK2, MBL2, TNFRSF4, SIRT1, NCF1) and meat quality (DGAT1, NT5E) in the WECP population; these genes were a loss event in the WECP population. This study provides important information on CNV differences between foreign and indigenous pig breeds, making it possible to provide a reference for future improvement of these breeds and their production performance.
Collapse
|
3
|
Ding R, Zhuang Z, Qiu Y, Wang X, Wu J, Zhou S, Ruan D, Xu C, Hong L, Gu T, Zheng E, Cai G, Huang W, Wu Z, Yang J. A composite strategy of genome-wide association study and copy number variation analysis for carcass traits in a Duroc pig population. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:590. [PMID: 35964005 PMCID: PMC9375371 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08804-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carcass traits are important in pig breeding programs for improving pork production. Understanding the genetic variants underlies complex phenotypes can help explain trait variation in pigs. In this study, we integrated a weighted single-step genome-wide association study (wssGWAS) and copy number variation (CNV) analyses to map genetic variations and genes associated with loin muscle area (LMA), loin muscle depth (LMD) and lean meat percentage (LMP) in Duroc pigs. RESULTS Firstly, we performed a genome-wide analysis for CNV detection using GeneSeek Porcine SNP50 Bead chip data of 3770 pigs. A total of 11,100 CNVs were detected, which were aggregated by overlapping 695 CNV regions (CNVRs). Next, we investigated CNVs of pigs from the same population by whole-genome resequencing. A genome-wide analysis of 21 pigs revealed 23,856 CNVRs that were further divided into three categories (851 gain, 22,279 loss, and 726 mixed), which covered 190.8 Mb (~ 8.42%) of the pig autosomal genome. Further, the identified CNVRs were used to determine an overall validation rate of 68.5% for the CNV detection accuracy of chip data. CNVR association analyses identified one CNVR associated with LMA, one with LMD and eight with LMP after applying stringent Bonferroni correction. The wssGWAS identified eight, six and five regions explaining more than 1% of the additive genetic variance for LMA, LMD and LMP, respectively. The CNVR analyses and wssGWAS identified five common regions, of which three regions were associated with LMA and two with LMP. Four genes (DOK7, ARAP1, ELMO2 and SLC13A3) were highlighted as promising candidates according to their function. CONCLUSIONS We determined an overall validation rate for the CNV detection accuracy of low-density chip data and constructed a genomic CNV map for Duroc pigs using resequencing, thereby proving a value genetic variation resource for pig genome research. Furthermore, our study utilized a composite genetic strategy for complex traits in pigs, which will contribute to the study for elucidating the genetic architecture that may be influenced and regulated by multiple forms of variations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Ding
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, 510642, P.R. China.,Guangdong Wens Breeding Swine Technology Co., Ltd, Guangdong, 527439, P.R. China.,Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhanwei Zhuang
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, 510642, P.R. China.,Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yibin Qiu
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, 510642, P.R. China.,Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xingwang Wang
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, 510642, P.R. China
| | - Jie Wu
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, 510642, P.R. China.,Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shenping Zhou
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, 510642, P.R. China.,Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Donglin Ruan
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, 510642, P.R. China.,Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Cineng Xu
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, 510642, P.R. China.,Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Linjun Hong
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, 510642, P.R. China.,Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ting Gu
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, 510642, P.R. China.,Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Enqin Zheng
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, 510642, P.R. China.,Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Gengyuan Cai
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, 510642, P.R. China.,Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wen Huang
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Zhenfang Wu
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, 510642, P.R. China. .,Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, 510642, P.R. China. .,Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mo J, Lu Y, Zhu S, Feng L, Qi W, Chen X, Xie B, Chen B, Lan G, Liang J. Genome-Wide Association Studies, Runs of Homozygosity Analysis, and Copy Number Variation Detection to Identify Reproduction-Related Genes in Bama Xiang Pigs. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:892815. [PMID: 35711794 PMCID: PMC9195146 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.892815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Litter size and teat number are economically important traits in the porcine industry. However, the genetic mechanisms influencing these traits remain unknown. In this study, we analyzed the genetic basis of litter size and teat number in Bama Xiang pigs and evaluated the genomic inbreeding coefficients of this breed. We conducted a genome-wide association study to identify runs of homozygosity (ROH), and copy number variation (CNV) using the novel Illumina PorcineSNP50 BeadChip array in Bama Xiang pigs and annotated the related genes in significant single nucleotide polymorphisms and common copy number variation region (CCNVR). We calculated the ROH-based genomic inbreeding coefficients (FROH) and the Spearman coefficient between FROH and reproduction traits. We completed a mixed linear model association analysis to identify the effect of high-frequency copy number variation (HCNVR; over 5%) on Bama Xiang pig reproductive traits using TASSEL software. Across eight chromosomes, we identified 29 significant single nucleotide polymorphisms, and 12 genes were considered important candidates for litter-size traits based on their vital roles in sperm structure, spermatogenesis, sperm function, ovarian or follicular function, and male/female infertility. We identified 9,322 ROHs; the litter-size traits had a significant negative correlation to FROH. A total of 3,317 CNVs, 24 CCNVR, and 50 HCNVR were identified using cnvPartition and PennCNV. Eleven genes related to reproduction were identified in CCNVRs, including seven genes related to the testis and sperm function in CCNVR1 (chr1 from 311585283 to 315307620). Two candidate genes (NEURL1 and SH3PXD2A) related to reproduction traits were identified in HCNVR34. The result suggests that these genes may improve the litter size of Bama Xiang by marker-assisted selection. However, attention should be paid to deter inbreeding in Bama Xiang pigs to conserve their genetic diversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayuan Mo
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yujie Lu
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Siran Zhu
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Lingli Feng
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Wenjing Qi
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Xingfa Chen
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Bingkun Xie
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Livestock Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Institute of Animal Science, Nanning, China
| | - Baojian Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Livestock Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Institute of Animal Science, Nanning, China
| | - Ganqiu Lan
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Jing Liang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Liang
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Qiu Y, Ding R, Zhuang Z, Wu J, Yang M, Zhou S, Ye Y, Geng Q, Xu Z, Huang S, Cai G, Wu Z, Yang J. Genome-wide detection of CNV regions and their potential association with growth and fatness traits in Duroc pigs. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:332. [PMID: 33964879 PMCID: PMC8106131 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07654-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the process of pig breeding, the average daily gain (ADG), days to 100 kg (AGE), and backfat thickness (BFT) are directly related to growth rate and fatness. However, the genetic mechanisms involved are not well understood. Copy number variation (CNV), an important source of genetic diversity, can affect a variety of complex traits and diseases and has gradually been thrust into the limelight. In this study, we reported the genome-wide CNVs of Duroc pigs using SNP genotyping data from 6627 animals. We also performed a copy number variation region (CNVR)-based genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for growth and fatness traits in two Duroc populations. Results Our study identified 953 nonredundant CNVRs in U.S. and Canadian Duroc pigs, covering 246.89 Mb (~ 10.90%) of the pig autosomal genome. Of these, 802 CNVRs were in U.S. Duroc pigs with 499 CNVRs were in Canadian Duroc pigs, indicating 348 CNVRs were shared by the two populations. Experimentally, 77.8% of nine randomly selected CNVRs were validated through quantitative PCR (qPCR). We also identified 35 CNVRs with significant association with growth and fatness traits using CNVR-based GWAS. Ten of these CNVRs were associated with both ADG and AGE traits in U.S. Duroc pigs. Notably, four CNVRs showed significant associations with ADG, AGE, and BFT, indicating that these CNVRs may play a pleiotropic role in regulating pig growth and fat deposition. In Canadian Duroc pigs, nine CNVRs were significantly associated with both ADG and AGE traits. Further bioinformatic analysis identified a subset of potential candidate genes, including PDGFA, GPER1, PNPLA2 and BSCL2. Conclusions The present study provides a necessary supplement to the CNV map of the Duroc genome through large-scale population genotyping. In addition, the CNVR-based GWAS results provide a meaningful way to elucidate the genetic mechanisms underlying complex traits. The identified CNVRs can be used as molecular markers for genetic improvement in the molecular-guided breeding of modern commercial pigs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07654-7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Qiu
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongrong Ding
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Wens Breeding Swine Technology Co., Ltd., Yunfu, Guangdong, 527400, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanwei Zhuang
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wu
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Yang
- Guangdong Wens Breeding Swine Technology Co., Ltd., Yunfu, Guangdong, 527400, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenping Zhou
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Ye
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Geng
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Xu
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China.,Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Sixiu Huang
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Gengyuan Cai
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Wens Breeding Swine Technology Co., Ltd., Yunfu, Guangdong, 527400, People's Republic of China.,Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenfang Wu
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China. .,Guangdong Wens Breeding Swine Technology Co., Ltd., Yunfu, Guangdong, 527400, People's Republic of China. .,Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China. .,Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bovo S, Ribani A, Muñoz M, Alves E, Araujo JP, Bozzi R, Charneca R, Di Palma F, Etherington G, Fernandez AI, García F, García-Casco J, Karolyi D, Gallo M, Gvozdanović K, Martins JM, Mercat MJ, Núñez Y, Quintanilla R, Radović Č, Razmaite V, Riquet J, Savić R, Schiavo G, Škrlep M, Usai G, Utzeri VJ, Zimmer C, Ovilo C, Fontanesi L. Genome-wide detection of copy number variants in European autochthonous and commercial pig breeds by whole-genome sequencing of DNA pools identified breed-characterising copy number states. Anim Genet 2020; 51:541-556. [PMID: 32510676 DOI: 10.1111/age.12954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we identified copy number variants (CNVs) in 19 European autochthonous pig breeds and in two commercial breeds (Italian Large White and Italian Duroc) that represent important genetic resources for this species. The genome of 725 pigs was sequenced using a breed-specific DNA pooling approach (30-35 animals per pool) obtaining an average depth per pool of 42×. This approach maximised CNV discovery as well as the related copy number states characterising, on average, the analysed breeds. By mining more than 17.5 billion reads, we identified a total of 9592 CNVs (~683 CNVs per breed) and 3710 CNV regions (CNVRs; 1.15% of the reference pig genome), with an average of 77 CNVRs per breed that were considered as private. A few CNVRs were analysed in more detail, together with other information derived from sequencing data. For example, the CNVR encompassing the KIT gene was associated with coat colour phenotypes in the analysed breeds, confirming the role of the multiple copies in determining breed-specific coat colours. The CNVR covering the MSRB3 gene was associated with ear size in most breeds. The CNVRs affecting the ELOVL6 and ZNF622 genes were private features observed in the Lithuanian Indigenous Wattle and in the Turopolje pig breeds respectively. Overall, the genome variability unravelled here can explain part of the genetic diversity among breeds and might contribute to explain their origin, history and adaptation to a variety of production systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Bovo
- Division of Animal Sciences, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 46, Bologna, 40127, Italy
| | - A Ribani
- Division of Animal Sciences, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 46, Bologna, 40127, Italy
| | - M Muñoz
- Departamento Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Crta. de la Coruña, km. 7,5, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - E Alves
- Departamento Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Crta. de la Coruña, km. 7,5, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - J P Araujo
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Escola Superior Agrária, Refóios do Lima, Ponte de Lima, 4990-706, Portugal
| | - R Bozzi
- DAGRI - Animal Science Section, Università di Firenze, Via delle Cascine 5, Firenze, 50144, Italy
| | - R Charneca
- MED - Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Apartado 94, Évora, 7006-554, Portugal
| | - F Di Palma
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Colney Lane, Norwich, NR47UZ, UK
| | - G Etherington
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Colney Lane, Norwich, NR47UZ, UK
| | - A I Fernandez
- Departamento Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Crta. de la Coruña, km. 7,5, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - F García
- Departamento Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Crta. de la Coruña, km. 7,5, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - J García-Casco
- Departamento Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Crta. de la Coruña, km. 7,5, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - D Karolyi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska c. 25, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
| | - M Gallo
- Associazione Nazionale Allevatori Suini, Via Nizza 53, Roma, 00198, Italy
| | - K Gvozdanović
- Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, University of Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, Osijek, 31000, Croatia
| | - J M Martins
- MED - Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Apartado 94, Évora, 7006-554, Portugal
| | - M J Mercat
- IFIP Institut Du Porc, La Motte au Vicomte, BP 35104, Le Rheu Cedex, 35651, France
| | - Y Núñez
- Departamento Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Crta. de la Coruña, km. 7,5, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - R Quintanilla
- Programa de Genética y Mejora Animal, IRTA, Torre Marimon, Caldes de Montbui, Barcelona, 08140, Spain
| | - Č Radović
- Department of Pig Breeding and Genetics, Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun, 11080, Serbia
| | - V Razmaite
- Animal Science Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, R. Žebenkos 12, Baisogala, 82317, Lithuania
| | - J Riquet
- GenPhySE, INRA, Université de Toulouse, Chemin de Borde-Rouge 24, Auzeville Tolosane, Castanet Tolosan, 31326, France
| | - R Savić
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, Belgrade-Zemun, 11080, Serbia
| | - G Schiavo
- Division of Animal Sciences, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 46, Bologna, 40127, Italy
| | - M Škrlep
- Kmetijski Inštitut Slovenije, Hacquetova 17, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia
| | - G Usai
- AGRIS SARDEGNA, Loc. Bonassai, Sassari, 07100, Italy
| | - V J Utzeri
- Division of Animal Sciences, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 46, Bologna, 40127, Italy
| | - C Zimmer
- Bäuerliche Erzeugergemeinschaft Schwäbisch Hall, Haller Str. 20, Wolpertshausen, 74549, Germany
| | - C Ovilo
- Departamento Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Crta. de la Coruña, km. 7,5, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - L Fontanesi
- Division of Animal Sciences, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 46, Bologna, 40127, Italy
| |
Collapse
|