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Graham LM, Lloyd AM, McCort AD, Macy RJ, Moracco KE, Reyes HLM, Martin SL. Researcher-Practitioner Partnerships to Implement and Evaluate Sexual and Relationship Violence Prevention Programs for Boys and Men. Violence Against Women 2023:10778012231185545. [PMID: 37501605 DOI: 10.1177/10778012231185545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Although male-focused sexual and relationship violence (SRV) prevention programs are widely promulgated, limited guidance concerning how programs should be implemented for rigorous evaluation exists. To help develop evidence for such guidance, this paper reports on 20 interviews with leaders at youth-serving community-based organizations (CBOs) and educational institutions, which are sites for male-focused SRV prevention programs. This study examined: (1) how programs can be designed to engage male participants; and (2) how youth-serving CBOs and educational institutions can partner with researchers for evaluations. Findings underscore the importance of attending to the unique needs of program participants, their parents/guardians, and host organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie M Graham
- School of Social Work, University of Maryland-Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Adrienne M Lloyd
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Injury Prevention Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Agnieszka D McCort
- Injury Prevention Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rebecca J Macy
- Injury Prevention Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- School of Social Work, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kathryn E Moracco
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Injury Prevention Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - H Luz McNaughton Reyes
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Injury Prevention Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sandra L Martin
- Injury Prevention Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Embry V, Macy RJ, Moracco KE, Scheffey K, Moore A, McCort A, Taraskiewicz L. From "Homegrown" to Research-Ready: Converting an Existing Practitioner-Developed Violence Prevention Intervention Into an Evaluable Intervention. Health Promot Pract 2022; 23:1063-1072. [PMID: 34425684 PMCID: PMC9720454 DOI: 10.1177/15248399211031540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
There is an increased call for research on promising prevention programs already embedded in communities ("homegrown interventions"). Unfortunately, there is limited guidance to help researchers prepare these types of interventions for rigorous evaluation. To address this need, this article presents our team's process for revising a promising community-based sexual violence prevention intervention for rigorous research. Our extensive and iterative process of reviewing and revising the intervention was guided by evaluability assessment (EA) approaches, implementation science, and a close collaboration with our community partners. Our EA process allowed us to specify the intervention's core components and develop a "research ready" standardized curriculum with implementation fidelity assessments. We offer four lessons learned from our process: (1) even with existing materials and an extensive history of community-based delivery, community-developed programs are not necessarily research-ready; (2) close collaboration and a trusting relationship between researchers and community partners throughout the revision process ensures the integrity of core program components are maintained and implementation in diverse community settings is feasible; (3) observations of program implementation are a crucial part of the revision process; and (4) it is important to budget adequate time and resources for such revisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venita Embry
- University of North Carolina at Chapel
Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,RTI International, Research Triangle
Park, NC, USA,Venita Embry, Department of Health
Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina
at Chapel Hill, 359 Rosenau Hall, CB No. 7440, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
e-mail:
| | - Rebecca J. Macy
- University of North Carolina at Chapel
Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Alexis Moore
- University of North Carolina at Chapel
Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Agnieszka McCort
- University of North Carolina at Chapel
Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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De Leon R, Allegrante JP. Strengthening Comprehensive Sexuality Education Anew: A Commentary. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2020; 90:825-829. [PMID: 32896899 DOI: 10.1111/josh.12945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Reynaldo De Leon
- Doctoral Student, Department of Health and Behavior Studies, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - John P Allegrante
- Professor of Health Education, , Department of Health and Behavior Studies, Teachers College, Adjunct Professor, Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
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Can Teenage Men Be Targeted to Prevent Teenage Pregnancy? A Feasibility Cluster Randomised Controlled Intervention Trial in Schools. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2019; 19:1079-1090. [PMID: 30022356 PMCID: PMC6208578 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-018-0928-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The World Health Organisation advocates a direct focus on adolescent men in reducing adolescent pregnancy; however, no trials have been conducted. This trial (ISRCTN11632300; NCT02092480) determines whether a novel Relationship and Sexuality Educational intervention, If I Were Jack, is acceptable and feasible to implement in mixed sex UK classrooms. The intervention is a teacher-delivered intervention that emphasises male alongside female responsibility in preventing unintended pregnancies and is designed to prevent unprotected sex. The trial was a parallel-group cluster randomised controlled feasibility trial with embedded process and cost evaluation in eight secondary schools (unit of randomisation) among 831 pupils (mean age 14) in Northern Ireland, alongside a qualitative evaluation of transferability in ten schools in Scotland, Wales and England. The sampling strategy was a maximum variation quota sample designed to capture a range of school management types. Four schools were randomised to each arm and the control arm continued with usual practice. Study duration was 12 months (from November 2014), with follow-up 9 months post-baseline. Results demonstrated that the intervention was acceptable to schools, pupils and teachers, and could be feasibly implemented, cost-effectively, with minor enhancements. The between-group difference in incidence of unprotected sex (primary outcome at pupil level) of 1.3% (95% CI 0.5–2.2) by 9 months demonstrated a potential effect size consistent with those reported to have had meaningful impact on teenage pregnancy. The study responds to global health policy for a paradigm shift towards inclusion of men in the achievement of sexual and reproductive health goals in a practical way by demonstrating that a gender-sensitive as well as a gender transformative intervention targeting males to prevent teenage pregnancy is acceptable to adolescent men and women and implementable in formal education structures. If I Were Jack now merits further effectiveness testing.
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Morales A, Espada JP, Orgilés M, Escribano S, Johnson BT, Lightfoot M. Interventions to reduce risk for sexually transmitted infections in adolescents: A meta-analysis of trials, 2008-2016. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199421. [PMID: 29953546 PMCID: PMC6023153 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have evaluated the efficacy of interventions to reduce risk for sexually transmitted infections in adolescents in recent years, but their global effects remain unknown since 2008, the last date of a comprehensive review of prior studies. AIMS This study aims at evaluating the efficacy of interventions to promote sexual health, reduce STIs and unplanned pregnancies targeted to adolescents available after 2008; and analyzing the moderators of their global efficacy. METHODS We searched electronic databases and manual searches of some journals focused on STIs in May 2016. The studies evaluated the efficacy of interventions to reduce sexual risk in adolescents (age range: 11-19) anywhere in the world. Effect size of the relevant outcomes for sexual risk was calculated for every study. Analyses incorporated random-effect assumptions for each outcome. The homogeneity in the results was examined with the I2 statistic and its associated 95% confident interval. RESULTS Data from 63 studies (59,795 participants) were analyzed for behavioral and non-behavioral outcomes. In the short term, interventions had a positive impact in sexual health-related knowledge (Hedges'g = 1.01), attitudes (g = 0.29), self-efficacy toward condom use (g = 0.22), intention to refuse sex (g = 0.56), condom use intention (g = 0.46), and condom use (g = 0.38). In the medium term, positive effects observed at the short-term were maintained, although effect size significantly decreased in all variables. In the long term, interventions improved condom use (g = 0.47). Moderators of the efficacy are discussed. CONCLUSIONS Sexual health promotion interventions are effective to promote sexual health through increasing condom use. Effects on non-behavioral variables tend to decrease over time, while condom use increased in the long-term. Interventions should focus on the long-term efficacy, especially in behavioral and biological measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Morales
- Department of Health Psychology, Miguel Hernández University, Elche, Spain
| | - José P. Espada
- Department of Health Psychology, Miguel Hernández University, Elche, Spain
| | - Mireia Orgilés
- Department of Health Psychology, Miguel Hernández University, Elche, Spain
| | - Silvia Escribano
- Department of Health Psychology, Miguel Hernández University, Elche, Spain
| | - Blair T. Johnson
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy (InCHIP), University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Marguerita Lightfoot
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
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Herrman JW, Gordon M, Rahmer B, Moore CC, Habermann B, Haigh KM. Assessing the effectiveness of Wise Guys: A mixed-methods approach. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SEXUALITY EDUCATION 2017; 12:395-408. [PMID: 31662708 PMCID: PMC6818712 DOI: 10.1080/15546128.2017.1393647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Previous research with teens raised questions on the validity of survey studies with this population. As one response, our team implemented a mixed-methods study to evaluate an evidence-based, interactive curriculum, Wise Guys, that is designed to promote healthy relationships and sexual behavior in young men 14-17 years of age. The current study included a Youth Advisory Group, focus groups, and a video-journaling project to delineate teens' thoughts on the most salient aspects of Wise Guys and we used these to develop a stakeholder-informed survey instrument. The survey was administered via REDCap, a computer-based medium via phones and mobile devices. Quantitative survey analyses revealed significant positive changes in study constructs. Qualitative interpretations provided rich data that validated the survey findings. Community engagement in the research process and mixed methods may provide the infrastructure for future research and evaluation efforts related to teens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith W Herrman
- School of Nursing University of Delaware, 375 McDowell Hall, Newark, DE, USA,
| | - Mellissa Gordon
- Human Development and Family Studies, Allison Hall University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Brian Rahmer
- Christiana Care Health System, Wilmington, DE USA
| | - Christopher C Moore
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Christiana Care Health System, Wilmington, DE USA,
| | - Barbara Habermann
- School of Nursing University of Delaware, 323 McDowell Hall, Newark, DE USA,
| | - Katherine M Haigh
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE USA
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