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Jiang S, Chen B, Sun ZY. Enhancing therapeutic potential: Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells modified with recombinant adeno-associated virus expressing VEGF165 gene for peripheral nerve injury. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2024; 40:819-829. [PMID: 39101328 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) modified with recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) carrying the vascular endothelial growth factor 165 (VEGF165) gene in peripheral nerve injury (PNI). The hADSCs were categorized into blank, control (transduced with rAAV control vector), and VEGF165 (transduced with rAAV VEGF165 vector) groups. Subsequently, Schwann cell differentiation was induced, and Schwann cell markers were assessed. The sciatic nerve injury mouse model received injections of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS group), PBS containing hADSCs (hADSCs group), rAAV control vector (control-hADSCs group), or rAAV VEGF165 vector (VEGF165-hADSCs group) into the nerve defect site. Motor function recovery, evaluated through the sciatic function index (SFI), and nerve regeneration, assessed via toluidine blue staining along with scrutiny of Schwann cell markers and neurotrophic factors, were conducted. Modified hADSCs exhibited enhanced Schwann cell differentiation and elevated expression of Schwann cell markers [S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B), NGF receptor (NGFR), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)]. Mice in the VEGF165-hADSCs group demonstrated improved motor function recovery compared to those in the other three groups, accompanied by increased fiber diameter, axon diameter, and myelin thickness, as well as elevated expression of Schwann cell markers (S100B, NGFR, and GFAP) and neurotrophic factors [mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)] in the distal nerve segment. rAAV-VEGF165 modification enhances hADSC potential in PNI, promoting motor recovery and nerve regeneration. Elevated Schwann cell markers and neurotrophic factors underscore therapy benefits, providing insights for nerve injury strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
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Cheng D, Tu W, Chen L, Wang H, Wang Q, Liu H, Zhu N, Fang W, Yu Q. MSCs enhances the protective effects of valsartan on attenuating the doxorubicin-induced myocardial injury via AngII/NOX/ROS/MAPK signaling pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:22556-22570. [PMID: 34587120 PMCID: PMC8507274 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To verify if AngII/NOX/ROS/MAPK signaling pathway is involved in Doxorubicin (DOX)-induced myocardial injury and if mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could enhance the protective effects of valsartan (Val) on attenuating DOX-induced injury in vitro. METHODS Reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and the protein expression of AT1R, NOX2, NOX4, caspase-3, caspase-9 and MAPK signaling were assessed in H9c2 cardiomyocytes exposed to DOX for 24 h in the absence or presence of Val, NADPH oxidase inhibitor DPI or knockdown and overexpression of NADPH oxidase subunit: NOX2 and NOX4, co-culture with MSCs, respectively. Finally, MTT assay was used to determine the cell viability of H9c2 cells, MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and A549 pulmonary cancer cells under Val, DOX and Val+ DOX treatments. RESULTS DOX increased ROS formation and upregulated proteins expression of AT1R, NOX2, NOX4, caspase-3, caspase-9 and MAPK signaling including p-p38, p-JNK, p-ERK in H9c2 cells. These effects could be attenuated by Val, DPI, NOX2 siRNA and NOX4 siRNA. Meanwhile, overexpression of NOX2 and NOX4 could significantly increase DOX-induced ROS formation and further upregulate apoptotic protein expressions and protein expressions of MAPK signaling. MSCs on top of Val further enhanced the protective effects of Val on reducing the DOX-induced ROS formation and downregulating the expression of apoptotic proteins and MAPK signaling as compared with Val alone in DOX-treated H9c2 cells. Simultaneous Val and DOX treatment did not affect cell viability of DOX-treated MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells or A549 pulmonary cancer cells but significantly improved cell viability of DOX-treated H9c2 cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSIONS AT1R/NOX/ROS/MAPK signaling pathway is involved in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Val treatment significantly attenuated DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, without affecting the anti-tumor effect of DOX. MSCs enhance the protective effects of Val on reducing the DOX-induced toxicity in H9c2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian 116001, Liaoning, China
- Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, Liaoning, China
| | - Wencheng Tu
- Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, Liaoning, China
- Department of Cardiology, Jingmen No.1 People’s Hospital, Jingmen 448000, Hubei, China
| | - Libo Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian 116001, Liaoning, China
- Department of Cardiology, People’s Hospital of Jilin City, Jilin 132000, Jilin, China
| | - Haoren Wang
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian 116001, Liaoning, China
| | - Qinfu Wang
- Life Engineering College, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, Liaoning, China
| | - Hainiang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian 116001, Liaoning, China
- Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, Liaoning, China
| | - Ning Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
| | - Weiyi Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Changning 200030, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian 116001, Liaoning, China
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells Therapies on Fibrotic Heart Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147447. [PMID: 34299066 PMCID: PMC8307175 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapy is a promising alternative approach to heart diseases. The most prevalent source of multipotent stem cells, usually called somatic or adult stem cells (mesenchymal stromal/stem cells, MSCs) used in clinical trials is bone marrow (BM-MSCs), adipose tissue (AT-MSCs), umbilical cord (UC-MSCs) and placenta. Therapeutic use of MSCs in cardiovascular diseases is based on the benefits in reducing cardiac fibrosis and inflammation that compose the cardiac remodeling responsible for the maintenance of normal function, something which may end up causing progressive and irreversible dysfunction. Many factors lead to cardiac fibrosis and failure, and an effective therapy is lacking to reverse or attenuate this condition. Different approaches have been shown to be promising in surpassing the poor survival of transplanted cells in cardiac tissue to provide cardioprotection and prevent cardiac remodeling. This review includes the description of pre-clinical and clinical investigation of the therapeutic potential of MSCs in improving ventricular dysfunction consequent to diverse cardiac diseases.
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Efficacy and Mode of Action of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Non-Ischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Systematic Review. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8120570. [PMID: 33291410 PMCID: PMC7762005 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NIDCM) constitutes one of the most common causes to non-ischemic heart failure. Despite treatment, the disease often progresses, causing severe morbidity and mortality, making novel treatment strategies necessary. Due to the regenerative actions of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), they have been proposed as a treatment for NIDCM. This systematic review aims to evaluate efficacy and mode of action (MoA) of MSC-based therapies in NIDCM. A systematic literature search was conducted in Medline (Pubmed) and Embase. A total of 27 studies were included (3 clinical trials and 24 preclinical studies). MSCs from different tissues and routes of delivery were reported, with bone marrow-derived MSCs and direct intramyocardial injections being the most frequent. All included clinical trials and 22 preclinical trials reported an improvement in cardiac function following MSC treatment. Furthermore, preclinical studies demonstrated alterations in tissue structure, gene, and protein expression patterns, primarily related to fibrosis and angiogenesis. Consequently, MSC treatment can improve cardiac function in NIDCM patients. The MoA underlying this effect involves anti-fibrosis, angiogenesis, immunomodulation, and anti-apoptosis, though these processes seem to be interdependent. These encouraging results calls for larger confirmatory clinical studies, as well as preclinical studies utilizing unbiased investigation of the potential MoA.
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Lin H, Ling Y, Pan J, Gong H. Therapeutic effects of erythropoietin expressed in mesenchymal stem cells for dilated cardiomyopathy in rat. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 517:575-580. [PMID: 31400858 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is considered as the final common response of myocardium to diverse genetic and environmental insults and characterized mainly by left ventricular systolic dysfunction. The current therapies for the treatment of DCM are costly high and outcomes are often unsatisfactory. To date, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been thought to be an ideal stem cell to repair damaged myocardium but was still within relatively small scales and few cases have been conducted in clinical trials. The use of erythropoietin (EPO), a growth factor produced in the kidneys have been found prevent cardiomyocyte apoptosis. This study was aimed to transplant MSCs into DCM rat bone marrow to express EPO in vivo and investigate the regulation of EPO on cell signaling pathways after transfection. The results found that transplantation of MSCs carrying EPO could significantly relief the cardiac dysfunctions of the DCM rat. This underylying mechanism involved with inhibiting p-NF-κB and p-P38, regulateing and promoting the anti-inflammatory balance, thereby alleviating tissue injury in DCM rats and exhibiting a protective role. Meanwhile, the MSCs + EPO treatment in DCM rat also activated the p-Akt pathway and thus protecting the myocardium from apoptosis in DCM rats. The study revealed an potential therapeutic effect of MSCs and EPO in clinical and provided a molecular mechanism of action for treating DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihong Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Jinshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Yi Ling
- Department of Cardiology, Jinshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Juanjuan Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Jinshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Hui Gong
- Department of Cardiology, Jinshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China.
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Shentu WH, Yan CX, Liu CM, Qi RX, Wang Y, Huang ZX, Zhou LM, You XD. Use of cationic microbubbles targeted to P-selectin to improve ultrasound-mediated gene transfection of hVEGF 165 to the ischemic myocardium. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2019; 19:699-707. [PMID: 30178636 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1700298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapies have been applied to the treatment of cardiovascular disease, but their use is limited by the need to deliver them to the right target. We have employed targeted contrast ultrasound-mediated gene transfection (TCUMGT) via ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) to transfer therapeutic genes to specific anatomic and pathological targets. Phospholipid microbubbles (MBs) with pcDNA3.1-human vascular endothelial growth factor 165 (pcDNA3.1-hVEGF165) plasmids targeted to P-selectin (MB+P+VEGFp) were created by conjugating monoclonal antibodies against P-selectin to the lipid shell. These microbubbles were divided into four groups: microbubble only (MB), microbubble+P-selectin (MB+P), microbubble+pcDNA3.1-hVEGF165 plasmid (MB+VEGFp), and microbubble+ P-selectin+pcDNA3.1-hVEGF165 plasmid (MB+P+VEGFp). The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results showed that the VEGF gene was successfully transfected by TCUMGT and the efficiency is increased with P-selectin targeting moiety. UTMD-mediated delivery of VEGF increased myocardial vascular density and improved cardiac function, and MB+P+VEGFp delivery showed greater improvement than MB+VEGFp. This study drew support from TCUGMT technology and took advantage of targeted ultrasound contrast agent to identify ischemic myocardium, release pcDNA3.1-hVEGF165 recombinant plasmid, and improve the myocardial microenvironment, so promoting the restoration of myocardial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hui Shentu
- Department of Ultrasonography, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Cao-Xin Yan
- Department of Ultrasonography, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Chun-Mei Liu
- Department of Ultrasonography, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Rui-Xiang Qi
- Department of Ultrasonography, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Ultrasonography, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Zhao-Xu Huang
- Department of Ultrasonography, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Li-Ming Zhou
- Department of Ultrasonography, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Xiang-Dong You
- Department of Ultrasonography, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
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