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Gupta P, Strange K, Telange R, Guo A, Hatch H, Sobh A, Elie J, Carter AM, Totenhagen J, Tan C, Sonawane YA, Neuzil J, Natarajan A, Ovens AJ, Oakhill JS, Wiederhold T, Pacak K, Ghayee HK, Meijer L, Reddy S, Bibb JA. Genetic impairment of succinate metabolism disrupts bioenergetic sensing in adrenal neuroendocrine cancer. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111218. [PMID: 35977518 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction mutations can impair energy sensing and cause cancer. Loss of function of the mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle enzyme subunit succinate dehydrogenase B (SDHB) results in various forms of cancer typified by pheochromocytoma (PC). Here we delineate a signaling cascade where the loss of SDHB induces the Warburg effect, triggers dysregulation of [Ca2+]i, and aberrantly activates calpain and protein kinase Cdk5, through conversion of its cofactor from p35 to p25. Consequently, aberrant Cdk5 initiates a phospho-signaling cascade where GSK3 inhibition inactivates energy sensing by AMP kinase through dephosphorylation of the AMP kinase γ subunit, PRKAG2. Overexpression of p25-GFP in mouse adrenal chromaffin cells also elicits this phosphorylation signaling and causes PC. A potent Cdk5 inhibitor, MRT3-007, reverses this phospho-cascade, invoking a senescence-like phenotype. This therapeutic approach halted tumor progression in vivo. Thus, we reveal an important mechanistic feature of metabolic sensing and demonstrate that its dysregulation underlies tumor progression in PC and likely other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Gupta
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Keehn Strange
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Rahul Telange
- Department of Hematology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Ailan Guo
- Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA 01923, USA
| | - Heather Hatch
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Amin Sobh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Jonathan Elie
- Perha Pharmaceuticals, Hôtel de Recherche, Perharidy Peninsula, 29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Angela M Carter
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - John Totenhagen
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Chunfeng Tan
- UT Health Science Center at Houston, Department of Neurology, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yogesh A Sonawane
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West 252 50, Czech Republic; School of Pharmacy Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Amarnath Natarajan
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Ashley J Ovens
- Metabolic Signalling Laboratory, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jonathan S Oakhill
- Metabolic Signalling Laboratory, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Karel Pacak
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Hans K Ghayee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Florida College of Medicine and Malcom Randall VA Medical Center, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Laurent Meijer
- Perha Pharmaceuticals, Hôtel de Recherche, Perharidy Peninsula, 29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Sushanth Reddy
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - James A Bibb
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center and the Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
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2
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Liu Y, Zhang L, Hu N, Shao J, Yang D, Ruan C, Huang S, Wang L, Lu WW, Zhang X, Yang F. An optogenetic approach for regulating human parathyroid hormone secretion. Nat Commun 2022; 13:771. [PMID: 35140213 PMCID: PMC8828854 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28472-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) plays crucial role in maintaining calcium and phosphorus homeostasis. In the progression of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT), expression of calcium-sensing receptors (CaSR) in the parathyroid gland decreases, which leads to persistent hypersecretion of PTH. How to precisely manipulate PTH secretion in parathyroid tissue and underlying molecular mechanism is not clear. Here, we establish an optogenetic approach that bypasses CaSR to inhibit PTH secretion in human hyperplastic parathyroid cells. We found that optogenetic stimulation elevates intracellular calcium, inhibits both PTH synthesis and secretion in human parathyroid cells. Long-term pulsatile PTH secretion induced by light stimulation prevented hyperplastic parathyroid tissue-induced bone loss by influencing the bone remodeling in mice. The effects are mediated by light stimulation of opsin expressing parathyroid cells and other type of cells in parathyroid tissue. Our study provides a strategy to regulate release of PTH and associated bone loss of SHPT through an optogenetic approach. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) plays a role in maintaining calcium and phosphorus homeostasis, and in secondary hyperparathyroidism excess PTH secretion contributes to bone loss. Here the authors report an optogenetic approach to inhibit PTH secretion in human hyperplastic parathyroid cells, and prevented hyperplastic parathyroid tissue-induced bone loss in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhui Liu
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Nan Hu
- Department of Nephrology and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jie Shao
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dazhi Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Shenzhen Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Changshun Ruan
- Research Center for Human Tissue and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
| | - Shishu Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Orthopaedic Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liping Wang
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
| | - William W Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xinzhou Zhang
- Department of Nephrology and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Fan Yang
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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3
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Koh J, Zhang R, Roman S, Duh QY, Gosnell J, Shen W, Suh I, Sosa JA. Ex Vivo Intact Tissue Analysis Reveals Alternative Calcium-sensing Behaviors in Parathyroid Adenomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:3168-3183. [PMID: 34272844 PMCID: PMC8530711 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The biochemical basis for clinical variability in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is poorly understood. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to define parathyroid tumor biochemical properties associated with calcium-sensing failure in PHPT patients, and to relate differences in these profiles to variations in clinical presentation. METHODS Preoperative clinical data from a sequential series of 39 patients undergoing surgery for PHPT at an endocrine surgery referral center in a large, public university hospital were evaluated for correlation to parathyroid tumor biochemical behavior. An intact tissue, ex vivo interrogative assay was employed to evaluate the calcium-sensing capacity of parathyroid adenomas relative to normal donor glands. Tumors were functionally classified based on calcium dose-response curve profiles, and clinical parameters were compared among the respective classes. Changes in the relative expression of 3 key components in the calcium/parathyroid hormone (PTH) signaling axis-CASR, RGS5, and RCAN1-were evaluated as potential mechanisms for calcium-sensing failure. RESULTS Parathyroid adenomas grouped into 3 distinct functional classes. Tumors with diminished calcium sensitivity were the most common (18 of 39) and were strongly associated with reduced bone mineral density (P = 0.0009). Tumors with no calcium-sensing deficit (11 of 39) were associated with higher preoperative PTH (P = 0.036). A third group (6/39) displayed a nonsigmoid calcium/PTH response curve; 4 of these 6 tumors expressed elevated RCAN1. CONCLUSION Calcium-sensing capacity varies among parathyroid tumors but downregulation of the calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) is not an obligate underlying mechanism. Differences in tumor calcium responsiveness may contribute to variations in PHPT clinical presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Koh
- Endocrine Neoplasia Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California
at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of California at San Francisco,
San Francisco, CA, USA
- Correspondence: James Koh, Department of Surgery, UCSF, 513 Parnassus
Avenue, Box 0456, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| | - Run Zhang
- Endocrine Neoplasia Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California
at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sanziana Roman
- Department of Surgery, University of California at San Francisco,
San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Quan-Yang Duh
- Department of Surgery, University of California at San Francisco,
San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Gosnell
- Department of Surgery, University of California at San Francisco,
San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Wen Shen
- Department of Surgery, University of California at San Francisco,
San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Insoo Suh
- Department of Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York,
NY, USA
| | - Julie A Sosa
- Endocrine Neoplasia Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California
at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of California at San Francisco,
San Francisco, CA, USA
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4
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Cortés-Llanos B, Wang Y, Sims CE, Allbritton NL. A technology of a different sort: microraft arrays. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:3204-3218. [PMID: 34346456 PMCID: PMC8387436 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00506e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A common procedure performed throughout biomedical research is the selection and isolation of biological entities such as organelles, cells and organoids from a mixed population. In this review, we describe the development and application of microraft arrays, an analysis and isolation platform which enables a vast range of criteria and strategies to be used when separating biological entities. The microraft arrays are comprised of elastomeric microwells with detachable polymer bases (microrafts) that act as capture and culture sites as well as supporting carriers during cell isolation. The technology is elegant in its simplicity and can be implemented for samples possessing tens to millions of objects yielding a flexible platform for applications such as single-cell RNA sequencing, subcellular organelle capture and assay, high-throughput screening and development of CRISPR gene-edited cell lines, and organoid manipulation and selection. The transparent arrays are compatible with a multitude of imaging modalities enabling selection based on 2D or 3D spatial phenotypes or temporal properties. Each microraft can be individually isolated on demand with retention of high viability due to the near zero hydrodynamic stress imposed upon the cells during microraft release, capture and deposition. The platform has been utilized as a simple manual add-on to a standard microscope or incorporated into fully automated instruments that implement state-of-the-art imaging algorithms and machine learning. The vast array of selection criteria enables separations not possible with conventional sorting methods, thus garnering widespread interest in the biological and pharmaceutical sciences.
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5
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Arya AK, Singh P, Saikia UN, Sachdeva N, Dahiya D, Behera A, Rao SD, Bhadada SK. Dysregulated mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway mediated cell cycle disruption in sporadic parathyroid tumors. J Endocrinol Invest 2020; 43:247-253. [PMID: 31535356 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-019-01098-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study was designed to evaluate expression profiling of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway genes in sporadic parathyroid adenoma. METHODS Expression of MAPK signalling pathway genes including activated transcription factors and cell cycle regulatory genes was analysed by real-time PCR- based array in parathyroid adenoma (N = 20) and normal parathyroid tissue (N = 4). RESULTS MAPK signalling pathway as studied by PCR array revealed that a total of 22 genes were differentially expressed (≥ twofold change, p ≤ 0.05) in parathyroid adenoma. Up-regulated genes were ARAF, MAPK12, CREBBP, MYC, HSPB1, HRAS, CDK4, CCND1, and E2F1, and down-regulated genes were MAP4K1, DLK1, MAP3K4, MAPK10, MAPK8, ATF2, SMAD4, MEF2C, LAMTOR3, FOS, CDKN2A CDKN2B, and RB1. The present study revealed that ERK1/2 signalling pathway with up-regulation of HRAS, ARAF, and MEK1 genes and up-regulation of positive regulators of cell cycle (CCND1, CDK4, and E2F1) and down-regulation negative regulators of cell cycle (CDKN2A, CDKN2B, and RB1) made highly dysregulated MAPK signalling pathway in parathyroid adenoma. Expression of CDK4 was positively associated with plasma PTH level (r = 0.60, p = 0.04) and tumor weight (r = 0.80, p = 0.02) of the adenoma patients, respectively. Expression of CDKN2A was correlated negatively with PTH level (r = - 0.52, p = 0.04) of the adenoma patients. CONCLUSION The current study revealed that ERK pathway and associated cell cycle regulator genes are dysregulated in sporadic parathyroid adenoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Arya
- Department of Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - P Singh
- Department of Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - U N Saikia
- Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - N Sachdeva
- Department of Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - D Dahiya
- Department of General Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - A Behera
- Department of General Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - S D Rao
- Bone and Mineral Research Laboratory, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - S K Bhadada
- Department of Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India.
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6
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Koh J, Hogue JA, Roman SA, Scheri RP, Fradin H, Corcoran DL, Sosa JA. Transcriptional profiling reveals distinct classes of parathyroid tumors in PHPT. Endocr Relat Cancer 2018; 25:407-420. [PMID: 29475894 PMCID: PMC5826637 DOI: 10.1530/erc-17-0470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The clinical presentation of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) varies widely, although the underlying mechanistic reasons for this disparity remain unknown. We recently reported that parathyroid tumors can be functionally segregated into two distinct groups on the basis of their relative responsiveness to ambient calcium, and that patients in these groups differ significantly in their likelihood of manifesting bone disability. To examine the molecular basis for this phenotypic variation in PHPT, we compared the global gene expression profiles of calcium-sensitive and calcium-resistant parathyroid tumors. RNAseq and proteomic analysis identified a candidate set of differentially expressed genes highly correlated with calcium-sensing capacity. Subsequent quantitative assessment of the expression levels of these genes in an independent cohort of parathyroid tumors confirmed that calcium-sensitive tumors cluster in a discrete transcriptional profile group. These data indicate that PHPT is not an etiologically monolithic disorder and suggest that divergent molecular mechanisms could drive the observed phenotypic differences in PHPT disease course, provenance, and outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Koh
- Dept. of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center
- To whom reprint requests should be addressed: James Koh, Ph.D., Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, Phone: 919-684-0892, FAX: 919-681-6622,
| | - Joyce A. Hogue
- Dept. of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | | | | | | | | | - Julie A. Sosa
- Dept. of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
- Dept. of Medicine, Duke University
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center
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7
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Koh J, Hogue JA, Sosa JA. Live-Cell Visualization of Calcium Flux in Vibratome-Cut Thick Sections of Viable Tumor Tissue. CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN CELL BIOLOGY 2017; 77:4.34.1-4.34.16. [PMID: 29227550 DOI: 10.1002/cpcb.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This unit outlines a live-cell imaging approach developed for visualization of intracellular calcium flux in human parathyroid tumors following stimulation of the calcium-sensing receptor (CASR), a class C G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). The primary assay readout, intracellular calcium release induced by activation of the inositol triphosphate receptor, is potentially generalizable to multiple other GPCR signaling events that utilize this common downstream signal transduction pathway. Advantages of the approach include: (1) preservation of native tissue context and positional information, allowing direct visualization of intratumoral functional heterogeneity; (2) quantitative documentation of reactivity to a physiological stimulus in an experimentally tractable ex vivo system; and (3) generation of a dynamic, functional classifier of tumor biochemical behavior to augment static marker assessment. The technical steps are performed in three sequential phases: (1) viable tissue sectioning; (2) fluorophore loading and tissue immobilization; and (3) live-cell confocal microscopy. This versatile method provides a straightforward platform for functional characterization of human tumors. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Koh
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Joyce A Hogue
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Julie A Sosa
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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8
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Weber TJ, Koh J, Thomas SM, Hogue JA, Scheri RP, Roman SA, Sosa JA. Impaired calcium sensing distinguishes primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) patients with low bone mineral density. Metabolism 2017; 74:22-31. [PMID: 28764845 PMCID: PMC5561769 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT A subset of PHPT patients exhibit a more severe disease phenotype characterized by bone loss, fractures, recurrent nephrolithiasis, and other dysfunctions, but the underlying reasons for this disparity in clinical presentation remain unknown. OBJECTIVE We sought to identify new mechanistic indices that could inform more personalized management of PHPT. DESIGN Pre-, peri-, and postoperative data and demographic, clinical, and pathological information from patients undergoing parathyroidectomy for PHPT were collected. Univariate and partial Spearman correlation was used to estimate the association of parathyroid tumor calcium sensing capacity with select variables. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS An unselected series of 237 patients aged >18years and undergoing parathyroidectomy for PHPT were enrolled. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Calcium sensing capacity, expressed as the concentration required for half-maximal biochemical response (EC50), was evaluated in parathyroid tumors from an unselected series of 74 patients and assessed for association with clinical parameters. The hypothesis was that greater disease severity would be associated with attenuated calcium sensitivity and biochemically autonomous parathyroid tumor behavior. RESULTS Parathyroid tumors segregated into two distinct groups of calcium responsiveness (EC50<3.0 and ≥3.0mM). The low EC50 group (n=27) demonstrated a mean calcium EC50 value of 2.49mM [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.43-2.54mM], consistent with reference normal activity. In contrast, the high EC50 group (n=47) displayed attenuated calcium sensitivity with a mean EC50 value of 3.48mM [95% CI: 3.41-3.55mM]. Retrospective analysis of the clinical registry data suggested that high calcium EC50 patients presented with a more significant preoperative bone mineral density (BMD) deficit with a t-score of -2.7, (95% CI: -3.4 to -1.9) versus 0.9, (95% CI: -2.1 to -0.4) in low EC50 patients (p<0.001). After adjusting for gender, age, BMI, 25 OH vitamin D level and preoperative iPTH, lowest t-score and calcium EC50 were inversely correlated, with a partial Spearman correlation coefficient of -0.35 (p=0.02). CONCLUSIONS Impaired calcium sensing in parathyroid tumors is selectively observed in a subset of patients with more severe bone mineral density deficit. Assessment of parathyroid tumor biochemical behavior may be a useful predictor of disease severity as measured by bone mineral density in patients with PHPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Weber
- Dept. of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States.
| | - James Koh
- Dept. of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States; Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, United States
| | - Samantha M Thomas
- Dept. of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, United States; Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, United States
| | - Joyce A Hogue
- Dept. of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Randall P Scheri
- Dept. of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Sanziana A Roman
- Dept. of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Julie A Sosa
- Dept. of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States; Dept. of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States; Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, United States; Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, United States
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9
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Koh J, Hogue JA, Sosa JA. A Novel Ex Vivo Method for Visualizing Live-Cell Calcium Response Behavior in Intact Human Tumors. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161134. [PMID: 27537691 PMCID: PMC4990350 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The functional impact of intratumoral heterogeneity has been difficult to assess in the absence of a means to interrogate dynamic, live-cell biochemical events in the native tissue context of a human tumor. Conventional histological methods can reveal morphology and static biomarker expression patterns but do not provide a means to probe and evaluate tumor functional behavior and live-cell responsiveness to experimentally controlled stimuli. Here, we describe an approach that couples vibratome-mediated viable tissue sectioning with live-cell confocal microscopy imaging to visualize human parathyroid adenoma tumor cell responsiveness to extracellular calcium challenge. Tumor sections prepared as 300 micron-thick tissue slices retain viability throughout a >24 hour observation period and retain the native architecture of the parental tumor. Live-cell observation of biochemical signaling in response to extracellular calcium challenge in the intact tissue slices reveals discrete, heterogeneous kinetic waveform categories of calcium agonist reactivity within each tumor. Plotting the proportion of maximally responsive tumor cells as a function of calcium concentration yields a sigmoid dose-response curve with a calculated calcium EC50 value significantly elevated above published reference values for wild-type calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) sensitivity. Subsequent fixation and immunofluorescence analysis of the functionally evaluated tissue specimens allows alignment and mapping of the physical characteristics of individual cells within the tumor to specific calcium response behaviors. Evaluation of the relative abundance of intracellular PTH in tissue slices challenged with variable calcium concentrations demonstrates that production of the hormone can be dynamically manipulated ex vivo. The capability of visualizing live human tumor tissue behavior in response to experimentally controlled conditions opens a wide range of possibilities for personalized ex vivo therapeutic testing. This highly adaptable system provides a unique platform for live-cell ex vivo provocative testing of human tumor responsiveness to a range of physiological agonists or candidate therapeutic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Koh
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Joyce A. Hogue
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Julie A. Sosa
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Duke Cancer Institute and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
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10
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Welch JD, Williams LA, DiSalvo M, Brandt AT, Marayati R, Sims CE, Allbritton NL, Prins JF, Yeh JJ, Jones CD. Selective single cell isolation for genomics using microraft arrays. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:8292-301. [PMID: 27530426 PMCID: PMC5041489 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic methods are used increasingly to interrogate the individual cells that compose specific tissues. However, current methods for single cell isolation struggle to phenotypically differentiate specific cells in a heterogeneous population and rely primarily on the use of fluorescent markers. Many cellular phenotypes of interest are too complex to be measured by this approach, making it difficult to connect genotype and phenotype at the level of individual cells. Here we demonstrate that microraft arrays, which are arrays containing thousands of individual cell culture sites, can be used to select single cells based on a variety of phenotypes, such as cell surface markers, cell proliferation and drug response. We then show that a common genomic procedure, RNA-seq, can be readily adapted to the single cells isolated from these rafts. We show that data generated using microrafts and our modified RNA-seq protocol compared favorably with the Fluidigm C1. We then used microraft arrays to select pancreatic cancer cells that proliferate in spite of cytotoxic drug treatment. Our single cell RNA-seq data identified several expected and novel gene expression changes associated with early drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Welch
- Curriculum in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA Department of Computer Science, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - Lindsay A Williams
- iBGS-Integrative Program for Biological & Genome Sciences,3356 Genome Sciences Bldg, CB #7100 Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7100, USA Department of Epidemiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - Matthew DiSalvo
- Joint Biomedical Engineering Program, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - Alicia T Brandt
- Department of Biology, Campus Box 3280, Coker Hall, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - Raoud Marayati
- iBGS-Integrative Program for Biological & Genome Sciences,3356 Genome Sciences Bldg, CB #7100 Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7100, USA
| | - Christopher E Sims
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - Nancy L Allbritton
- iBGS-Integrative Program for Biological & Genome Sciences,3356 Genome Sciences Bldg, CB #7100 Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7100, USA Joint Biomedical Engineering Program, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA Department of Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - Jan F Prins
- Curriculum in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA Department of Computer Science, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - Jen Jen Yeh
- iBGS-Integrative Program for Biological & Genome Sciences,3356 Genome Sciences Bldg, CB #7100 Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7100, USA Department of Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA Department of Surgery, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - Corbin D Jones
- Curriculum in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA Department of Biology, Campus Box 3280, Coker Hall, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA Department of Surgery, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
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