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Xu D, Yang X, Wu W, Yang J. Identification of Novel Protein Biomarkers and Drug Targets for Acne Vulgaris by Integrating Human Plasma Proteome with Genome-Wide Association Data. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:4431-4441. [PMID: 39006495 PMCID: PMC11246077 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s463450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the availability of numerous therapies, the treatment of acne vulgaris remains challenging. Novel drug targets for acne vulgaris are still needed. Methods We conducted a Mendelian randomization analysis to explore possible drug targets for acne vulgaris. We utilized summary statistics obtained from the dataset of acne vulgaris, including 399,413 individuals of European ancestry. We gathered genetic instruments for 566 plasma proteins from genome-wide association studies. In order to strengthen the findings from Mendelian randomization, various methods were employed, including bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis, Bayesian co-localization, phenotype scanning, and single-cell analysis. These methods facilitated the identification of reverse causality, the search for reported variant-trait associations, and the determination of the cell types that is the primary source of protein. Furthermore, using the plasma proteins in the deCODE cohort, we conducted a replication of the Mendelian randomization analysis as an external validation. Results At the significance level of Bonferroni (P < 8.83×10-5), a protein-acne pair was discovered through Mendelian randomization analysis. In plasma, increasing TIMP4 (OR = 1.15; 95% CI, 1.09-1.21; P = 1.01×10-7) increased the risk of acne vulgaris. The absence of reverse causality was observed in the TIMP4 protein. According to Bayesian co-localization analysis, TIMP4 shared the same variant with acne vulgaris (PPH4 = 0.93). TIMP4 was replicated in deCODE cohort (OR = 1.17; 95% CI, 1.10-1.24; P = 1.48×10-7). Single-cell analysis revealed that TIMP4 was predominantly detected in myeloid cells in blood, and was detected in almost all cell types in skin tissue. Conclusion The integrative analysis revealed that the level of plasma TIMP4 has a direct influence on the risk of developing acne vulgaris. This implies that TIMP4 protein could serve as a potential target for the development of drugs aimed at treating acne vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongrui Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyi Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenjuan Wu
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiankang Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
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Coates-Park S, Rich JA, Stetler-Stevenson WG, Peeney D. The TIMP protein family: diverse roles in pathophysiology. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C917-C934. [PMID: 38284123 PMCID: PMC11193487 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00699.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
The tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are a family of four matrisome proteins classically defined by their roles as the primary endogenous inhibitors of metalloproteinases (MPs). Their functions however are not limited to MP inhibition, with each family member harboring numerous MP-independent biological functions that play key roles in processes such as inflammation and apoptosis. Because of these multifaceted functions, TIMPs have been cited in diverse pathophysiological contexts. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview of the MP-dependent and -independent roles of TIMPs across a range of pathological conditions. The potential therapeutic and biomarker applications of TIMPs in these disease contexts are also considered, highlighting the biomedical promise of this complex and often misunderstood protein family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasha Coates-Park
- Extracellular Matrix Pathology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Joshua A Rich
- Extracellular Matrix Pathology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - William G Stetler-Stevenson
- Extracellular Matrix Pathology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - David Peeney
- Extracellular Matrix Pathology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
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3
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Thurstin AA, Egeli AN, Goldsmith EC, Spinale FG, LaVoie HA. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-4 deletion in mice impacts maternal cardiac function during pregnancy and postpartum. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2023; 324:H85-H99. [PMID: 36459450 PMCID: PMC9799138 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00408.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Reversible physiological cardiac hypertrophy of the maternal heart occurs during pregnancy and involves extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. Previous mouse studies revealed that changes in ECM molecules accompany functional changes in the left ventricle (LV) during late pregnancy and postpartum. We evaluated the effect of global Timp4 deletion in female mice on LV functional parameters and ECM molecules during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Heart weights normalized to tibia lengths were increased in Timp4 knockout (Timp4 KO) virgin, pregnant, and postpartum day 2 mice compared with wild types. Serial echocardiography performed on pregnancy days 10, 12, and 18 and postpartum days (ppds) 2, 7, 14, 21, and 28 revealed that both wild-type and Timp4 KO mice increased end systolic and end diastolic volumes (ESV, EDV) by mid to late pregnancy compared with virgins, with EDV changes persisting through the postpartum period. When compared with wild types, Timp4 KO mice exhibited higher ejection fractions in virgins, at pregnancy days 10 and 18 and ppd2 and ppd14. High-molecular weight forms of COL1A1 and COL3A1 proteins in LV were greater in Timp4 KO virgins, and COL1A1 was higher in late pregnancy and on ppd2 compared with wild types. With exceptions, Timp4 KO mice during late pregnancy and the early postpartum period were able to maintain stroke volume similar to wild-type mice through increased ejection fraction. Although TIMP4 deletion in females exhibited altered ECM molecules, it did not adversely affect cardiac function during first pregnancies and lactation.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Pregnancy and lactation increase volume load on the heart. Defects in cardiac remodeling during pregnancy and postpartum can result in peripartum cardiomyopathy. TIMPs participate in cardiac remodeling. The present study reports the cardiac function in Timp4 knockout adult female mice during pregnancy and lactation. Timp4 knockout females at many time points have higher ejection fraction to maintain stroke volume. Global deletion of Timp4 was not detrimental to maternal heart function during first pregnancies and lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley A Thurstin
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Allison N Egeli
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Edie C Goldsmith
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Francis G Spinale
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Holly A LaVoie
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina
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Li Y, Fang G, Cao W, Yuan J, Song S, Peng H, Wang Y, Wang Q. Ezh2 Inhibits Replicative Senescence of Atrial Fibroblasts Through Promotion of H3K27me3 in the Promoter Regions of CDKN2a and Timp4 Genes. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:4693-4708. [PMID: 35996686 PMCID: PMC9392478 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s374951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In most cell types, replicative senescence (RS) is supposed to be a principle causative factor for aging. Atrial fibrosis, pathologically characterized by proliferation of atrial fibroblasts (AFs) and excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins, is the most common substrate of atrial fibrillation (Afib) in the elderly. However, whether AFs’ RS develops in the aged and fibrotic left atrium (LA) and, if yes, what is the key regulator for the pathogenesis of AFs’ RS remain largely unknown. Methods We obtained the left atrial tissues from young (6–8 weeks old) and aged (24 months old) C57BL/6 male mice. Screening and validation of differential genes were performed using comparative analysis of RNA-seq results. Replicative senescence was examined in primary AFs after cell passage. Further gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments were performed to explore the regulation of the AFs’ RS progression. Results In the present study, we demonstrated that there was a considerable extent of AFs’ RS in the aged and fibrotic LA. Transcriptome screening showed that Ezh2 (Enhancer of zeste homolog 2) was significantly downregulated in the LA tissue of aged mice. Ezh2 is a histone methyltransferase that catalyzes H3K27me3 and mediates transcriptional silencing. We confirmed that Ezh2 was downregulated in the isolated pure senescent AFs. Knockdown of Ezh2 by siRNA or inhibition of Ezh2ʹs methyltransferase activities by GSK-126 and GSK-343 accelerated RS in the early passage of AFs, while its overexpression deaccelerated RS in the late passage of AFs. Mechanistically, Ezh2 suppressed CDKN2a (p16, p19) and Timp4 gene transcription by forming canonical H3K27me3 modifications in their promoter regions. Furthermore, the functional balance between Timp4 and MMP8 in AFs could be collapsed by changes in Ezh2 expression. Conclusion These results thus indicate that Ezh2 is a key regulator of AFs’ RS and this work may provide a basis for future treatments for atrial fibrosis in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingze Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Guojian Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiali Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Song
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Peng
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuepeng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Qunshan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
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5
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Ye Q, Liu Q, Ma X, Bai S, Chen P, Zhao Y, Bai C, Liu Y, Liu K, Xin M, Zeng C, Zhao C, Yao Y, Ma Y, Wang J. MicroRNA-146b-5p promotes atrial fibrosis in atrial fibrillation by repressing TIMP4. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:10543-10553. [PMID: 34643044 PMCID: PMC8581305 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Alteration of tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMP)/matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) associated with collagen upregulation has an important role in sustained atrial fibrillation (AF). The expression of miR-146b-5p, whose the targeted gene is TIMPs, is upregulated in atrial cardiomyocytes during AF. This study was to determine whether miR-146b-5p could regulate the gene expression of TIMP4 and the contribution of miRNA to atrial fibrosis in AF. Collagen synthesis was observed after miR-146b-5p transfection in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived atrial cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-aCMs)-fibroblast co-culture cellular model in vitro. Furthermore, a myocardial infarction (MI) mouse model was used to confirm the protective effect of miR-146b-5p downregulation on atrial fibrosis. The expression level of miR-146b-5p was upregulated, while the expression level of TIMP4 was downregulated in the fibrotic atrium of canine with AF. miR-146b-5p transfection in hiPSC-aCMs-fibroblast co-culture cellular model increased collagen synthesis by regulating TIMP4/MMP9 mediated extracellular matrix proteins synthesis. The inhibition of miR-146b-5p expression reduced the phenotypes of cardiac fibrosis in the MI mouse model. Fibrotic marker MMP9, TGFB1 and COL1A1 were significantly downregulated, while TIMP4 was significantly upregulated (at both mRNA and protein levels) by miR-146b-5p inhibition in cardiomyocytes of MI heart. We concluded that collagen fibres were accumulated in extracellular space on miR-146b-5p overexpressed co-culture cellular model. Moreover, the cardiac fibrosis induced by MI was attenuated in antagomiR-146 treated mice by increasing the expression of TIMP4, which indicated that the inhibition of miR-146b-5p might become an effective therapeutic approach for preventing atrial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Ye
- Department of Cardiac SurgeryBeijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Quan Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryBenq HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xiaolong Ma
- Department of Cardiac SurgeryBeijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Shuyun Bai
- Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary ResearchInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Pengfei Chen
- Department of Cardiac SurgeryFuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Yichen Zhao
- Department of Cardiac SurgeryBeijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Chen Bai
- Department of Cardiac SurgeryBeijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Cardiac SurgeryBeijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Kemin Liu
- Department of Cardiac SurgeryBeijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Meng Xin
- Center for Cardiac Intensive CareBeijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Caiwu Zeng
- Center for Cardiac Intensive CareBeijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Cheng Zhao
- Department of Cardiac SurgeryBeijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yan Yao
- Department of CardiologyBeijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yue Ma
- Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary ResearchInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Medical School of University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong LaboratoryGuangzhouChina
| | - Jiangang Wang
- Department of Cardiac SurgeryBeijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
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Translational Sciences in Cardiac Failure Secondary to Arteriovenous Fistula in Hemodialysis Patients. Ann Vasc Surg 2021; 74:431-449. [PMID: 33556504 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2021.01.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
High-output cardiac failure is a rare form of heart failure associated with the formation of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) in hemodialysis patients. The pathophysiology underlying the HOCF is complex and multifactorial. Presence of AVF can cause long term hemodynamic changes that ultimately lead to increased cardiac output and consequently cardiac failure. A number of risk factors have been associated with the development of HOCF post-AVF construction, including male sex, a proximally located AVF and a state of volume overload. Dysregulation of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 4, Sirtuin-1 and Sirtuin-3 gene expression have been associated with the development of heart failure. The differences observed between genders have been attributed to altered activity of the β-adrenoceptor system. Numerous biomarkers including cardiac troponin T and I, atrial natriuretic peptide, brain natriuretic peptide among others have shown both prognostic and diagnostic potential; however further research is needed to establish their utility in clinical practice for patients with AVF associated HOCF. In recent years risk stratification models have been developed to help identify patients at the highest risk of developing HOCF post AVF which could be revolutionary in its identification and management. Potential options for managing HOCF post-AVF include AVF ligation, banding and anastoplasty however these procedures are not without their own associated risks. In this review, we discuss the pathophysiology, risk stratification and management of patients with AVF associated HOCF.
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7
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Krebber MM, van Dijk CGM, Vernooij RWM, Brandt MM, Emter CA, Rau CD, Fledderus JO, Duncker DJ, Verhaar MC, Cheng C, Joles JA. Matrix Metalloproteinases and Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinases in Extracellular Matrix Remodeling during Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction and Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186742. [PMID: 32937927 PMCID: PMC7555240 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are pivotal regulators of extracellular matrix (ECM) composition and could, due to their dynamic activity, function as prognostic tools for fibrosis and cardiac function in left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). We conducted a systematic review on experimental animal models of LVDD and HFpEF published in MEDLINE or Embase. Twenty-three studies were included with a total of 36 comparisons that reported established LVDD, quantification of cardiac fibrosis and cardiac MMP or TIMP expression or activity. LVDD/HFpEF models were divided based on underlying pathology: hemodynamic overload (17 comparisons), metabolic alteration (16 comparisons) or ageing (3 comparisons). Meta-analysis showed that echocardiographic parameters were not consistently altered in LVDD/HFpEF with invasive hemodynamic measurements better representing LVDD. Increased myocardial fibrotic area indicated comparable characteristics between hemodynamic and metabolic models. Regarding MMPs and TIMPs; MMP2 and MMP9 activity and protein and TIMP1 protein levels were mainly enhanced in hemodynamic models. In most cases only mRNA was assessed and there were no correlations between cardiac tissue and plasma levels. Female gender, a known risk factor for LVDD and HFpEF, was underrepresented. Novel studies should detail relevant model characteristics and focus on MMP and TIMP protein expression and activity to identify predictive circulating markers in cardiac ECM remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merle M. Krebber
- Department Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, P.O. Box 8599, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.M.K.); (C.G.M.v.D.); (R.W.M.V.); (J.O.F.); (M.C.V.); (C.C.)
| | - Christian G. M. van Dijk
- Department Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, P.O. Box 8599, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.M.K.); (C.G.M.v.D.); (R.W.M.V.); (J.O.F.); (M.C.V.); (C.C.)
| | - Robin W. M. Vernooij
- Department Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, P.O. Box 8599, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.M.K.); (C.G.M.v.D.); (R.W.M.V.); (J.O.F.); (M.C.V.); (C.C.)
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten M. Brandt
- Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Thorax center, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (M.M.B.); (D.J.D.)
| | - Craig A. Emter
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
| | - Christoph D. Rau
- Computational Medicine Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA;
| | - Joost O. Fledderus
- Department Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, P.O. Box 8599, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.M.K.); (C.G.M.v.D.); (R.W.M.V.); (J.O.F.); (M.C.V.); (C.C.)
| | - Dirk J. Duncker
- Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Thorax center, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (M.M.B.); (D.J.D.)
| | - Marianne C. Verhaar
- Department Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, P.O. Box 8599, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.M.K.); (C.G.M.v.D.); (R.W.M.V.); (J.O.F.); (M.C.V.); (C.C.)
| | - Caroline Cheng
- Department Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, P.O. Box 8599, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.M.K.); (C.G.M.v.D.); (R.W.M.V.); (J.O.F.); (M.C.V.); (C.C.)
| | - Jaap A. Joles
- Department Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, P.O. Box 8599, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.M.K.); (C.G.M.v.D.); (R.W.M.V.); (J.O.F.); (M.C.V.); (C.C.)
- Correspondence:
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8
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Głogowska-Ligus J, Dąbek J, Piechota M, Gallert-Kopyto W, Lepich T, Korzeń D, Gąsior Z. Can the expression of the metalloproteinase 9 gene and its inhibitor be considered as markers of heart failure? Minerva Cardiol Angiol 2020; 69:172-177. [PMID: 32643898 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5683.20.05202-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure (HF) is a major cause of mortality in developed countries. Its formation is associated with a change in the transcriptional activity of many genes. The aim of the study was to select, from the group of genes related to coronary atherosclerosis and heart failure, genes differentiating patients with coronary heart disease and heart failure on the basis of myocardial ischemia from healthy people, and then genes differentiating patients with various stages of heart failure. METHODS The study was carried out using the oligonucleotide microarray technique HG-U133A (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA, USA). Cluster analysis showed a homogeneous division of the study group into patients with heart failure and healthy patients with excluded coronary artery disease and patients with heart failure depending on the size of the left ventricle ejection fraction. RESULTS The study showed that genes differentiating the group of patients from healthy people were: TGF-β1, TIMP-1 and MMP-9. The analysis also showed that genes differentiated patients with advanced heart failure in the course of coronary disease and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) 20% and patients from the group with 40% LVEF were MMP-9 and TIMP-1. CONCLUSIONS Extracting from the group of genes related to coronary atherosclerosis and cardiac failure: MMP-9, TGF-β1 and TIMP-1 differentiating patients with heart failure on the basis of myocardial ischemia in varying degrees of severity from healthy people may indicate their significant contribution to disease development. Also increased expression of the metalloproteinase gene 9 (MMP-9) with a simultaneous decrease in the expression of its tissue inhibitor 1 (TIMP-1) in the studied group of patients with ischemic heart failure differing in left ventricular ejection fraction LVEF makes them the markers of progression in failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Głogowska-Ligus
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health Sciences in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland -
| | - Józefa Dąbek
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | | | - Tomasz Lepich
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Dariusz Korzeń
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care with Cardiac Monitoring, Independent Public Clinical Hospital No.7, Upper Silesian Medical Center, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Gąsior
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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9
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Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease, including heart failure, arrhythmia, and sudden death. Cardiac hypertrophy involves both embryonic gene expression and transcriptional reprogramming, which are tightly regulated by epigenetic mechanisms. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that epigenetics plays an influential role in the occurrence and development of cardiac hypertrophy. Here, we summarize the latest research progress on epigenetics in cardiac hypertrophy involving DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA, to help understand the mechanism of epigenetics in cardiac hypertrophy. The expression of both embryonic and functional genes can be precisely regulated by epigenetic mechanisms during cardiac hypertrophy, providing a substantial number of therapeutic targets. Thus, epigenetic treatment is expected to become a novel therapeutic strategy for cardiac hypertrophy. According to the research performed to date, epigenetic mechanisms associated with cardiac hypertrophy remain far from completely understood. Therefore, epigenetic mechanisms require further exploration to improve the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lei
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jiahui Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Kaijun Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Danyan Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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10
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Spotlight on epigenetic reprogramming in cardiac regeneration. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 97:26-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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11
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Ducsay CA, Goyal R, Pearce WJ, Wilson S, Hu XQ, Zhang L. Gestational Hypoxia and Developmental Plasticity. Physiol Rev 2018; 98:1241-1334. [PMID: 29717932 PMCID: PMC6088145 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00043.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is one of the most common and severe challenges to the maintenance of homeostasis. Oxygen sensing is a property of all tissues, and the response to hypoxia is multidimensional involving complicated intracellular networks concerned with the transduction of hypoxia-induced responses. Of all the stresses to which the fetus and newborn infant are subjected, perhaps the most important and clinically relevant is that of hypoxia. Hypoxia during gestation impacts both the mother and fetal development through interactions with an individual's genetic traits acquired over multiple generations by natural selection and changes in gene expression patterns by altering the epigenetic code. Changes in the epigenome determine "genomic plasticity," i.e., the ability of genes to be differentially expressed according to environmental cues. The genomic plasticity defined by epigenomic mechanisms including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs during development is the mechanistic substrate for phenotypic programming that determines physiological response and risk for healthy or deleterious outcomes. This review explores the impact of gestational hypoxia on maternal health and fetal development, and epigenetic mechanisms of developmental plasticity with emphasis on the uteroplacental circulation, heart development, cerebral circulation, pulmonary development, and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and adipose tissue. The complex molecular and epigenetic interactions that may impact an individual's physiology and developmental programming of health and disease later in life are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles A. Ducsay
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Ravi Goyal
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - William J. Pearce
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Sean Wilson
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Xiang-Qun Hu
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Lubo Zhang
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
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12
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Sabia C, Picascia A, Grimaldi V, Amarelli C, Maiello C, Napoli C. The epigenetic promise to improve prognosis of heart failure and heart transplantation. Transplant Rev (Orlando) 2017; 31:249-256. [PMID: 28882368 DOI: 10.1016/j.trre.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Heart transplantation is still the only possible life-saving treatment for end-stage heart failure, the critical epilogue of several cardiac diseases. Epigenetic mechanisms are being intensively investigated because they could contribute to establishing innovative diagnostic and predictive biomarkers, as well as ground-breaking therapies both for heart failure and heart transplantation rejection. DNA methylation and histone modifications can modulate the innate and adaptive immune response by acting on the expression of immune-related genes that, in turn, are crucial determinants of transplantation outcome. Epigenetic drugs acting on methylation and histone-modification pathways may modulate Treg activity by acting as immunosuppressive agents. Moreover, the identification of non-invasive and reliable epigenetic biomarkers for the prediction of allograft rejection and for monitoring immunosuppressive therapies represents an attractive perspective in the management of transplanted patients. MiRNAs seem to fit particularly well to this purpose because they are differently expressed in patients at high and low risk of rejection and are detectable in biological fluids besides biopsies. Although increasing evidence supports the involvement of epigenetic tags in heart failure and transplantation, further short and long-term clinical studies are needed to translate the possible available findings into clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Sabia
- U.O.C. Division of Clinical Immunology, Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Specialistics, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Aging and Metabolic Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Italy.
| | - Antonietta Picascia
- U.O.C. Division of Clinical Immunology, Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Specialistics, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Aging and Metabolic Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Italy
| | - Vincenzo Grimaldi
- U.O.C. Division of Clinical Immunology, Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Specialistics, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Aging and Metabolic Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Italy; Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Cristiano Amarelli
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplants, Monaldi Hospital, Azienda dei Colli, Naples, Italy
| | - Ciro Maiello
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplants, Monaldi Hospital, Azienda dei Colli, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Napoli
- U.O.C. Division of Clinical Immunology, Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Specialistics, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Aging and Metabolic Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Italy; SDN Foundation, Institute of Diagnostic and Nuclear Development, IRCCS, Via Gianturco 113, 80143 Naples, Italy
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13
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Barra NG, Lisyansky M, Vanduzer TA, Raha S, Holloway AC, Hardy DB. Maternal nicotine exposure leads to decreased cardiac protein disulfide isomerase and impaired mitochondrial function in male rat offspring. J Appl Toxicol 2017; 37:1517-1526. [PMID: 28681937 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Smoking throughout pregnancy can lead to complications during gestation, parturition and neonatal development. Thus, nicotine replacement therapies are a popular alternative thought to be safer than cigarettes. However, recent studies in rodents suggest that fetal and neonatal nicotine exposure alone results in cardiac dysfunction and high blood pressure. While it is well known that perinatal nicotine exposure causes increased congenital abnormalities, the mechanisms underlying longer-term deficits in cardiac function are not completely understood. Recently, our laboratory demonstrated that nicotine impairs placental protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) triggering an increase in endoplasmic reticulum stress, leading us to hypothesize that this may also occur in the heart. At 3 months of age, nicotine-exposed offspring had 45% decreased PDI levels in the absence of endoplasmic reticulum stress. Given the association of PDI and superoxide dismutase enzymes, we further observed that antioxidant superoxide dismutase-2 levels were reduced by 32% in these offspring concomitant with a 26-49% decrease in mitochondrial complex proteins (I, II, IV and V) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-4, a critical matrix metalloprotease for cardiac contractility and health. Collectively, this study suggests that perinatal nicotine exposure decreases PDI, which can promote oxidative damage and mitochondrial damage, associated with a premature decline in cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole G Barra
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maria Lisyansky
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Taylor A Vanduzer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandeep Raha
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alison C Holloway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel B Hardy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Children's Health Research Institute, Lawson, Health Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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14
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Denhardt DT. Effect of stress on human biology: Epigenetics, adaptation, inheritance, and social significance. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:1975-1984. [PMID: 28158904 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
I present a brief introduction to epigenetics, focused primarily on methylation of the genome and various regulatory RNAs, modifications of associated histones, and their importance in enabling us to adapt to real and changing environmental, developmental, and social circumstances. Following this is a more extensive overview of how it impacts our inheritance, our entire life (which changes as we age), and how we interact with others. Throughout, I emphasize the critical influence that stress, of many varieties exerts, via epigenetic means, on much of how we live and survive, mostly in the brain. I end with a short section on multigenerational transmission, drugs, and the importance of both social life and early life experiences in the development of adult diseases. There will be nothing about cancer. Although epigenetics is critical in that field, it is a whole different cobweb of complications (some involving stress).
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Affiliation(s)
- David T Denhardt
- Division of Life Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
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