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Bartels YL, van Lent PLEM, van der Kraan PM, Blom AB, Bonger KM, van den Bosch MHJ. Inhibition of TLR4 signalling to dampen joint inflammation in osteoarthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2024; 63:608-618. [PMID: 37788083 PMCID: PMC10907820 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kead493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Local and systemic low-grade inflammation, mainly involving the innate immune system, plays an important role in the development of OA. A receptor playing a key role in initiation of this inflammation is the pattern-recognition receptor Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). In the joint, various ligands for TLR4, many of which are damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), are present that can activate TLR4 signalling. This leads to the production of pro-inflammatory and catabolic mediators that cause joint damage. In this narrative review, we will first discuss the involvement of TLR4 ligands and signalling in OA. Furthermore, we will provide an overview of methods for inhibit, TLR4 signalling by RNA interference, neutralizing anti-TLR4 antibodies, small molecules and inhibitors targeting the TLR4 co-receptor MD2. Finally, we will focus on possible applications and challenges of these strategies in the dampening of inflammation in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne L Bartels
- Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter L E M van Lent
- Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter M van der Kraan
- Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Arjen B Blom
- Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kimberly M Bonger
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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2
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Li Z, Chen A, Wan H, Gao X, Li C, Xiong L, Liang H. Immunohistochemical Localization of MD2, a Co-Receptor of TLR4, in the Adult Mouse Brain. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:400-417. [PMID: 36657737 PMCID: PMC9897217 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD2) is a co-receptor of a classical proinflammatory protein TLR4 whose activation leads to neuroinflammation. It is widely accepted that TLR4 is expressed on the cell surface of microglia and astrocytes, and MD2 is expected to be expressed by these cells as well. However, our previous study showed that neurons from certain nuclei also expressed MD2. Whether MD2 is expressed by other brain nuclei is still unknown. It is the aim of the present study to map the distribution of MD2-positive cells in the adult mouse brain. Immunohistochemical staining against MD2 was completed to localize MD2-positive cells in the mouse brain by comparing the location of positive cells with the mouse brain atlas. MD2-positive cells were found in the majority of mouse brain nuclei with clusters of cells in the olfactory bulb, cortices, the red nucleus, and cranial nuclei. Subcortical nuclei had heterogeneous staining of MD2 with more prominent cells in the basolateral and the central amygdaloid nuclei. The ventral pallidum and the diagonal bands had positive cells with similar density and shape. Prominent cells were present in thalamic nuclei which were nearly homogeneous and in reticular formation of the brainstem where cells were dispersed with similar density. The hypothalamus had fewer outstanding cells compared with the thalamus. The red nucleus, the substantia nigra, and the ventral tegmental area in the pretectum had outstanding cells. Motor cranial nuclei also had outstanding MD2-positive cells, whereas raphe, sensory cranial, and deep cerebellar nuclei had MD2-positive cells with moderate density. The presence of MD2 in these nuclei may suggest the involvement of MD2 in their corresponding physiological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Clinical
Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai
Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
- Translational
Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai
Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
- Department
of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s
Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Aiwen Chen
- Clinical
Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai
Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
- Translational
Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai
Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
- Department
of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s
Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Hanxi Wan
- Clinical
Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai
Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
- Translational
Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai
Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
- Department
of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s
Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Xiaofei Gao
- Clinical
Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai
Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
- Translational
Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai
Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
- Department
of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s
Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Chunguang Li
- NICM
Health Research Institute, Western Sydney
University, Penrith, New South Wales 2751, Australia
| | - Lize Xiong
- Clinical
Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai
Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
- Translational
Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai
Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
- Department
of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s
Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Huazheng Liang
- Clinical
Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai
Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
- Translational
Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai
Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
- Department
of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s
Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Shanghai 200434, China
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Chen S, Chen J, Li S, Guo F, Li A, Wu H, Chen J, Pan Q, Liao S, Liu HF, Pan Q. High-Fat Diet-Induced Renal Proximal Tubular Inflammatory Injury: Emerging Risk Factor of Chronic Kidney Disease. Front Physiol 2021; 12:786599. [PMID: 34950058 PMCID: PMC8688947 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.786599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, with the improvements in living standards and changes in living habits, high-fat diet (HFD) has become much more common in the populations worldwide. Recent studies have shown that HFD could induce lipid accumulation, and structural and functional abnormalities, accompanied by the release of large amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines, in proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs). These findings indicate that, as an emerging risk factor, PTEC injury-induced by HFD may be closely related to inflammation; however, the potential mechanisms underlying this phenomenon is still not well-known, but may involve the several inflammatory pathways, including oxidative stress-related signaling pathways, mitochondrial dysfunction, the myeloid differentiation factor 2/Toll like receptor 4 (MD2/TLR4) signaling pathway, the ERK1/2-kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1)-related pathway, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation, etc., and the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying these pathways still need further investigated in the future. Based on lipid abnormalities-induced inflammation is closely related to the development and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), to summarize the potential mechanisms underlying HFD-induced renal proximal tubular inflammatory injury, may provide novel approaches for CKD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jinxia Chen
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shangmei Li
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Fengbiao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Aifen Li
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Han Wu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jiaxuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Quanren Pan
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shuzhen Liao
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hua-Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qingjun Pan
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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Zhu W, Sahar NE, Javaid HMA, Pak ES, Liang G, Wang Y, Ha H, Huh JY. Exercise-Induced Irisin Decreases Inflammation and Improves NAFLD by Competitive Binding with MD2. Cells 2021; 10:3306. [PMID: 34943814 PMCID: PMC8699279 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global clinical problem. The MD2-TLR4 pathway exacerbates NAFLD progression by promoting inflammation. Long-term exercise is considered to improve NAFLD but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we examined the protective effect and molecular mechanism of exercise on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced liver injury. In an HFD-induced NAFLD mouse model, exercise training significantly decreased hepatic steatosis and fibrosis. Interestingly, exercise training blocked the binding of MD2-TLR4 and decreased the downstream inflammatory response. Irisin is a myokine that is highly expressed in response to exercise and exerts anti-inflammatory effects. We found that circulating irisin levels and muscle irisin expression were significantly increased in exercised mice, suggesting that irisin could mediate the effect of exercise on NAFLD. In vitro studies showed that irisin improved lipid metabolism, fibrosis, and inflammation in palmitic acid (PA)-stimulated AML12 cells. Moreover, binding assay results showed that irisin disturbed MD2-TLR4 complex formation by directly binding with MD2 but not TLR4, and interfered with the recognition of stimuli such as PA and lipopolysaccharide with MD2. Our study provides novel evidence that exercise-induced irisin inhibits inflammation via competitive binding with MD2 to improve NAFLD. Thus, irisin could be considered a potential therapy for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (W.Z.); (N.E.S.); (H.M.A.J.)
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (G.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Namood E Sahar
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (W.Z.); (N.E.S.); (H.M.A.J.)
| | | | - Eun Seon Pak
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (E.S.P.); (H.H.)
| | - Guang Liang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (G.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yi Wang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (G.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Hunjoo Ha
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (E.S.P.); (H.H.)
| | - Joo Young Huh
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (W.Z.); (N.E.S.); (H.M.A.J.)
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5
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Oo TT, Sumneang N, Ongnok B, Arunsak B, Chunchai T, Kerdphoo S, Apaijai N, Pratchayasakul W, Liang G, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. L6H21 protects against cognitive impairment and brain pathologies via toll-like receptor 4-myeloid differentiation factor 2 signalling in prediabetic rats. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:1220-1236. [PMID: 34796473 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Chronic high-fat diet (HFD) intake instigates prediabetes and brain pathologies, which include cognitive decline and neuroinflammation. The myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD-2)/toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) complex plays a pivotal role in neuroinflammation. The MD-2 inhibitor (L6H21) reduces systemic inflammation and metabolic disturbances in HFD-induced prediabetes. However, the potential role of L6H21, and its comparison with metformin, on brain pathologies in HFD-induced prediabetes has never been investigated. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Male Wistar rats were given either a normal diet (ND) (n = 8) or a HFD (n = 104) for 16 weeks. At the 13th week, ND-fed rats were given a vehicle, whereas HFD-fed rats were randomly divided into 13 subgroups. Each subgroup was given vehicle, L6H21 (three doses) or metformin (300-mg·kg-1 ·day-1 ) for 1, 2 or 4 weeks. Metabolic parameters, cognitive function, brain mitochondrial function, brain TLR4-MD-2 signalling, microglial morphology, brain oxidative stress, brain cell death and dendritic spine density were investigated. KEY RESULTS HFD-fed rats developed prediabetes, neuroinflammation, brain pathologies and cognitive impairment. All doses of L6H21 and metformin given to HFD-fed rats at 2 and 4 weeks attenuated metabolic disturbance. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS In rats, L6H21 and metformin restored cognition and attenuated brain pathologies dose and time-dependently. These results indicate a neuroprotective role of MD-2 inhibitor in a model of prediabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thura Tun Oo
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Natticha Sumneang
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Benjamin Ongnok
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Busarin Arunsak
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Titikorn Chunchai
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sasiwan Kerdphoo
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nattayaporn Apaijai
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Wasana Pratchayasakul
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Guang Liang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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6
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Qi Y, Fang Q, Li Q, Ding H, Shu Q, Hu Y, Xin W, Fang L. MD2 blockage prevents the migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via inhibition of the EGFR signaling pathway. J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 12:1873-1883. [PMID: 34532135 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-21-362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The toll-like receptor (TLR) is an emerging signaling pathway in tumor invasion and metastasis. The activation of TLRs requires specific accessory proteins, such as the small secreted glycoprotein myeloid differentiation protein 2 (MD2), which contributes to ligand responsiveness. However, the role of MD2 in tumorigenesis and metastasis has rarely been reported. This study aimed to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of MD2 on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Cell counting kit 8 (CCK8), cell colony formation, wound healing, and transwell assays were conducted to determine cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion, respectively. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to assess the expression of MD2 in HCC cell lines and human normal liver cell lines as well as the silencing efficiency of MD2 blockage. Western blot and qRT-PCR assays were performed to detect the protein and mRNA expression levels of epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) markers and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling molecules. Results MD2 was highly expressed in HCC tissues and cell lines. High expression of MD2 was associated with poor prognosis of HCC patients. In addition, MD2 silencing slightly inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 and HCCLM3, and significantly suppressed cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, MD2 blockage could distinctly prevent the EMT process by increasing the protein and mRNA levels of E-cadherin and Occludin, and decreasing the levels of Vimentin, N-cadherin, and Snail. Finally, the phosphorylation level of EGFR as well as its downstream molecular Src, Akt, I-κBα, and p65 were downregulated in HCC cells with MD2 silencing. Conclusions Our findings suggest that high expression of MD2 may affect the EMT, migration, and invasion via modulation of the EGFR pathway in HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Qi
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qilu Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinglin Li
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Comprehensive Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Head and Neck Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haiying Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Shu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenxiu Xin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Comprehensive Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Head and Neck Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luo Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Qi Y, Ying Y, Zou J, Fang Q, Yuan X, Cao Y, Cai Y, Fu S. Kaempferol attenuated cisplatin-induced cardiac injury via inhibiting STING/NF-κB-mediated inflammation. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:8007-8018. [PMID: 33437376 PMCID: PMC7791507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular complications have been well documented as the downside to conventional cancer chemotherapy. As a notable side effect of cisplatin, cardiotoxicity represents a major obstacle to the successful treatment of cancer. It has been reported that kaempferol (KPF) possesses cardioprotective and anti-inflammatory qualities. However, the effect of KPF on cardiac damage caused by conventional cancer chemotherapy remains unclear. In this study, we clarified the protective effect of KPF on cisplatin-induced heart injury, and conducted in-depth research on the molecular mechanism underlying this effect. The results showed that KPF protected against cardiac dysfunction and injury induced by cisplatin in vivo. In H9c2 cells, KPF dramatically reduced cispaltin-induced apoptosis and inflammatory response by modulating STING/NF-κB pathway. In conclusion, these results showed that KPF had great potential in attenuating cisplatin-induced cardiac injury. Besides, greater emphasis should be placed in the future on natural active compounds containing KPF with anti-inflammatory effects for the treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Qi
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yin Ying
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou 310012, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Zou
- Department of Pharmacy, The 903rd Hospital of PLAHangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qilu Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohong Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Cancer Hospital of The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310012, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingying Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunfang Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Cancer Hospital of The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310012, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuang Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Cancer Hospital of The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310012, Zhejiang, China
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8
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Hu X, Ding C, Ding X, Fan P, Zheng J, Xiang H, Li X, Qiao Y, Xue W, Li Y. Inhibition of myeloid differentiation protein 2 attenuates renal ischemia/reperfusion-induced oxidative stress and inflammation via suppressing TLR4/TRAF6/NF-kB pathway. Life Sci 2020; 256:117864. [PMID: 32474021 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
As a major risk factor of acute kidney injury, renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) has a high mortality rate. Myeloid differentiation protein 2 (MD-2) is a secretory glycoprotein that plays an important role in inflammation. Our study aimed to explore the roles of MD-2 in I/R-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in vivo and in vitro. For the in vivo studies, male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups: 1) sham, 2) I/R, 3) negative control for siRNA (siNC) and I/R treatment, or 4) MD-2 siRNA (siMD-2) and I/R. Levels of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine in the plasma were tested, and hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed at 24 h after I/R injury. The inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and MCP-1 were measured using ELISA and Real-time qPCR (RT-qPCR). Malondialdehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity were estimated. For the in vitro studies, HK-2 cells were transfected with siMD-2 and then exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). Inflammatory cytokine expression and oxidative stress then were evaluated. We found decreased levels of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels after MD-2 silencing. MD-2 deficiency improved histological damage. MD-2 downregulation attenuated levels of inflammatory cytokines. Inhibition of MD-2 resulted in reduced MDA content and increased SOD, CAT, and GPx activity. Loss of function of MD-2 inhibited the H/R-induced production and expression of inflammatory cytokines. MD-2 silencing reduced MDA content after H/R, and MD-2 suppression enhanced SOD, CAT, and GPx activity. MD-2 deficiency also blocked H/R-mediated activation of the TLR4/TRAF6/NF-κB pathway, and pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDTC) pretreatment strengthened the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant damage effects of MD-2 silencing. Taken together, our study revealed that MD-2 deficiency ameliorated renal I/R-induced inflammation and oxidative stress via inhibition of TLR4/TRAF6/NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Hu
- Department of Renal Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Chenguang Ding
- Department of Renal Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xiaoming Ding
- Department of Renal Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Ping Fan
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jin Zheng
- Department of Renal Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Heli Xiang
- Department of Renal Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Renal Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yuxi Qiao
- Department of Renal Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Wujun Xue
- Department of Renal Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Renal Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
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9
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Sun Z, Li Y, Qian Y, Wu M, Huang S, Zhang A, Zhang Y, Jia Z. Celastrol attenuates ox-LDL-induced mesangial cell proliferation via suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Cell Death Discov 2019; 5:114. [PMID: 31285857 PMCID: PMC6611885 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-019-0196-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesangial cell (MC) proliferation is one of the important pathological features of obesity-associated nephropathy with unknown etiology. Excessive MC proliferation can cause glomerulosclerosis and renal function loss. Thus, targeting MC proliferation may be a potential strategy for the treatment of obesity-associated kidney disease. The present study was undertaken to investigate the role of celastrol in MC proliferation induced by ox-LDL, as well as the potential mechanisms. Following ox-LDL treatment, MC proliferation was induced and the NLRP3 inflammasome was activated, as evidenced by increased NLRP3 levels, caspase 1 activity, and IL-18 and IL-1β release. Significantly, NLRP3 siRNAs inhibited MC proliferation and delayed cell cycle progression, as indicated by the cell cycle assay and the expression of cyclin A2 and cyclin D1. Given the anti-inflammatory effect of celastrol, we pretreated MCs with celastrol before ox-LDL treatment. As expected, celastrol pretreatment strikingly inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation and MC proliferation triggered by ox-LDL. In summary, celastrol potently blocked ox-LDL-induced MC proliferation, possibly by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation. These findings also suggest that celastrol may be a potential drug for treating proliferative glomerular diseases related to obesity and lipid disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Sun
- 1Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road #72, 210008 Nanjing, China.,2Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China.,3Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210008 Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- 1Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road #72, 210008 Nanjing, China.,2Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China.,3Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210008 Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Qian
- 1Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road #72, 210008 Nanjing, China.,2Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China.,3Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210008 Nanjing, China
| | - Mengying Wu
- 1Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road #72, 210008 Nanjing, China.,2Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China.,3Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210008 Nanjing, China
| | - Songming Huang
- 1Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road #72, 210008 Nanjing, China.,2Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China.,3Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210008 Nanjing, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- 1Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road #72, 210008 Nanjing, China.,2Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China.,3Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210008 Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- 1Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road #72, 210008 Nanjing, China.,2Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China.,3Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210008 Nanjing, China
| | - Zhanjun Jia
- 1Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road #72, 210008 Nanjing, China.,2Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China.,3Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210008 Nanjing, China
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10
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Kong X, Wu G, Chen S, Zhang L, Li F, Shao T, Ren L, Chen SY, Zhang H, McClain CJ, Feng W. Chalcone Derivative L6H21 Reduces EtOH + LPS-Induced Liver Injury Through Inhibition of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2019; 43:1662-1671. [PMID: 31162673 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic alcohol intake increases circulating endotoxin levels causing excessive inflammation that aggravates the liver injury. (E)-2,3-dimethoxy-4'-methoxychalcone (L6H21), a derivative of chalcone, has been found to inhibit inflammation in cardiac diseases and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. However, the use of L6H21 in alcoholic liver disease to inhibit exotoxin-associated inflammation has not been explored. In this study, we examined the effects of L6H21 on EtOH + LPS-induced hepatic inflammation, steatosis, and liver injury and investigated the underlying mechanisms. METHODS C57BL6 mice were treated with 5% EtOH for 10 days, and LPS was given to the mice 6 hours before sacrificing. One group of mice was supplemented with L6H21 with EtOH and LPS. RAW264.7 cells were used to analyze the effects of L6H21 on macrophage activation. RESULTS EtOH + LPS treatment significantly increased hepatic steatosis and serum levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST), which were reduced by L6H21 treatment. EtOH + LPS treatment increased hepatic inflammation, as shown by the increased hepatic protein levels of Toll-like receptor-4, p65, and p-IκB, and increased oxidative stress, as shown by protein carbonyl levels and reactive oxygen species formation, which were reduced by L6H21 treatment. In addition, L6H21 treatment markedly inhibited EtOH + LPS-elevated hepatic protein levels of NLRP3, cleaved caspase-1, cleaved IL-1β, and caspase-1-associated apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that L6H21 treatment inhibits EtOH + LPS-induced liver steatosis and injury through suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. L6H21 may be used as an alternative strategy for ALD prevention/treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Kong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Hepatobiology and Toxicology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.,Hepatobiology and Toxicology Program, Department of Medicine, Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Guicheng Wu
- Hepatobiology and Toxicology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.,Hepatobiology and Toxicology Program, Department of Medicine, Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.,Department of Hepatology, Three Gorges Central Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Sha Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- Hepatobiology and Toxicology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.,Hepatobiology and Toxicology Program, Department of Medicine, Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Fengyuan Li
- Hepatobiology and Toxicology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.,Hepatobiology and Toxicology Program, Department of Medicine, Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Tuo Shao
- Hepatobiology and Toxicology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.,Hepatobiology and Toxicology Program, Department of Medicine, Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Li Ren
- Hepatobiology and Toxicology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.,Hepatobiology and Toxicology Program, Department of Medicine, Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.,First Affiliate Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China
| | - Shao-Yu Chen
- Hepatobiology and Toxicology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.,Hepatobiology and Toxicology Program, Department of Medicine, Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Craig J McClain
- Hepatobiology and Toxicology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.,Hepatobiology and Toxicology Program, Department of Medicine, Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.,Robley Rex Louisville VAMC, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Wenke Feng
- Hepatobiology and Toxicology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.,Hepatobiology and Toxicology Program, Department of Medicine, Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
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11
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Abstract
Chronic kidney diseases (CKD), a common outcome of various kidney diseases, cause a series of refractory complications, which lead to great economic burdens on patients. The clinical outcomes of CKD depend on various factors, including metabolic disorders. Leptin, a peptide hormone, produced in adipose tissues, plays an important role in regulating food consumption and energy expenditure. Leptin also influences the immune system and hematopoiesis. Increased leptin status is observed in CKD, leptin deficiency attenuates the immune response in nephritis. Conversely, leptin inhibits the development of obesity, which is closely associated glomerular disorder. Now, the precise role of leptin in CKD remains elusive. This review will give an integrated understanding of the potential role of leptin and its interactions with other signal molecules in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Mao
- a Department of Pediatrics , Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital , Shanghai , China
| | - Li Fang
- a Department of Pediatrics , Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital , Shanghai , China
| | - Fen Liu
- a Department of Pediatrics , Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital , Shanghai , China
| | - Siqiong Jiang
- a Department of Pediatrics , Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital , Shanghai , China
| | - Liangxia Wu
- a Department of Pediatrics , Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital , Shanghai , China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- b Department of Pediatrics, Xinhua Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
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12
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Sun G, Yin Z, Liu N, Bian X, Yu R, Su X, Zhang B, Wang Y. Gut microbial metabolite TMAO contributes to renal dysfunction in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 493:964-970. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.09.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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