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Pinard M, Moursli A, Coulombe B. Drugs targeting the particle for arrangement of quaternary structure (PAQosome) and protein complex assembly. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2024; 19:57-71. [PMID: 37840283 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2023.2267974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The PAQosome is a 12-subunit complex that acts as a co-factor of the molecular chaperones HSP90 and HSP70. This co-chaperone has been shown to participate in assembly and maturation of several protein complexes, including nuclear RNA polymerases, RNA processing factors, the ribosome, PIKKs, and others. Subunits of the PAQosome, adaptors, and clients have been reported to be involved in various diseases, making them interesting targets for drug discovery. AREA COVERED In this review, the authors cover the detailed mechanisms of PAQosome and chaperone function. Specifically, the authors summarize the status of the PAQosome and some related chaperones and co-chaperones as candidate targets for drug discovery. Indeed, a number of compounds are currently being tested for the development of treatments against diseases, such as cancers and neurodegenerative conditions. EXPERT OPINION Searching for new drugs targeting the PAQosome requires a better understanding of PAQosome subunit interactions and the discovery of new interaction partners. Thus, PAQosome subunit crystallization is an important experiment to initiate virtual screening against new target and the development of in silico tools such as AlphaFold-multimer could accelerate the search for new interaction partner and determine more rapidly the interaction pocket needed for virtual drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Pinard
- Translational Proteomics Laboratory, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Asmae Moursli
- Translational Proteomics Laboratory, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Benoit Coulombe
- Translational Proteomics Laboratory, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Kamp JA, Lemmens BBLG, Romeijn RJ, González-Prieto R, Olsen J, Vertegaal ACO, van Schendel R, Tijsterman M. THO complex deficiency impairs DNA double-strand break repair via the RNA surveillance kinase SMG-1. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:6235-6250. [PMID: 35670662 PMCID: PMC9226523 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The integrity and proper expression of genomes are safeguarded by DNA and RNA surveillance pathways. While many RNA surveillance factors have additional functions in the nucleus, little is known about the incidence and physiological impact of converging RNA and DNA signals. Here, using genetic screens and genome-wide analyses, we identified unforeseen SMG-1-dependent crosstalk between RNA surveillance and DNA repair in living animals. Defects in RNA processing, due to viable THO complex or PNN-1 mutations, induce a shift in DNA repair in dividing and non-dividing tissues. Loss of SMG-1, an ATM/ATR-like kinase central to RNA surveillance by nonsense-mediated decay (NMD), restores DNA repair and radio-resistance in THO-deficient animals. Mechanistically, we find SMG-1 and its downstream target SMG-2/UPF1, but not NMD per se, to suppress DNA repair by non-homologous end-joining in favour of single strand annealing. We postulate that moonlighting proteins create short-circuits in vivo, allowing aberrant RNA to redirect DNA repair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ron J Romeijn
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Román González-Prieto
- Department of Cell & Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jesper V Olsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alfred C O Vertegaal
- Department of Cell & Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Robin van Schendel
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC Leiden, The Netherlands
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Karami N, Ahmadi MH, Mohammadi S, Maali A, Alizadeh A, Pishkhan Dibazar S, Azad M. Methylation and Expression Status of The CpG-Island of SMG1 Promoter in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Follow-Up Study in Patients. CELL JOURNAL 2022; 24:163-169. [PMID: 35674018 PMCID: PMC9124448 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2022.7798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective Aberrant alterations in DNA methylation are known as one of the hallmarks of oncogenesis and play a vital role in the progression of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). SMG1 is a member of the Phosphoinositide 3-kinases family, acting as a tumor suppressor gene. The aim of this study was the evaluation of the expression level and methylation status of SMG1 in AML. Materials and Methods In this follow-up study on AML patients admitted to Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran, the methylation status of SMG1 [performed by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR)] and its expression level (performed by qRT-PCR) were evaluated in three phases: newly diagnosed, under treatment and complete remission. The correlation of the methylation status of SMG1, its expression level, and clinical/paraclinical data was analyzed by SPSS ver.25. Results This study on 18 patients and five control individuals showed that the CpG-islands of the SMG1 promoter in newly diagnosed cases is hypomethylated compared to the normal group (P=0.002) The fold change of SMG1 expression levels in new cases is 0.464 ± 0.468, while the fold change of SMG1 expression levels in under-treatment and in-remission patients is 0.973 ± 1.159 and 0.685 ± 0.885, respectively. In under-treatment patients, white blood cell (WBC) count decreases 114176.36 cell/μl with each unit of increase in fold change of SMG1 (P<0.0001), and Hb unit increases 2.062 g/dl with each unit of increase in fold change (P<0.0001). Also, in the remission phase, the Hb unit increases 1.395 g/dl with each unit increase in fold change (P=0.019). Conclusion The robust results of our study suggest that the methylation and expression of have a high impact on the pathogenesis of AML. Also, the methylation and expression of SMG1 can play a prognostic role in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Karami
- Department of Medicine Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Ahmadi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Saeed Mohammadi
- Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhosein Maali
- Department of Medicine Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran,Department of Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahad Alizadeh
- Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical
Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | | | - Mehdi Azad
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran ,P.O.Box: 34197-59811Department of Medical Laboratory SciencesFaculty of Allied MedicineQazvin University of
Medical SciencesQazvinIran
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Khashkhashi Moghadam S, Bakhshinejad B, Khalafizadeh A, Mahmud Hussen B, Babashah S. Non-coding RNA-associated competitive endogenous RNA regulatory networks: Novel diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 26:287-305. [PMID: 34907642 PMCID: PMC8743668 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), as the most prevalent liver malignancy, is annually diagnosed in more than half a million people worldwide. HCC is strongly associated with hepatitis B and C viral infections as well as alcohol abuse. Obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) also significantly enhance the risk of liver cancer. Despite recent improvements in therapeutic approaches, patients diagnosed in advanced stages show poor prognosis. Accumulating evidence provides support for the regulatory role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in cancer. There are a variety of reports indicating the regulatory role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in different stages of HCC. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) exert their effects by sponging miRNAs and controlling the expression of miRNA-targeted genes. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) perform their biological functions by acting as transcriptional regulators, miRNA sponges and protein templates. Diverse studies have illustrated that dysregulation of competing endogenous RNA networks (ceRNETs) is remarkably correlated with HCC-causing diseases such as chronic viral infections, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis/cirrhosis. The aim of the current article was to provide an overview of the role and molecular mechanisms underlying the function of ceRNETs that modulate the characteristics of HCC such as uncontrolled cell proliferation, resistance to cell death, metabolic reprogramming, immune escape, angiogenesis and metastasis. The current knowledge highlights the potential of these regulatory RNA molecules as novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Babak Bakhshinejad
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Khalafizadeh
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.,Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Sadegh Babashah
- Research and Development Center of Biotechnology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Wang F, Zhang Y, Zhou X, Chen X, Xiang J, Fan M, Yu Y, Cai Y, Wu H, Huang S, He N, Hu Z, Ding G, Jin X. Circular RNA CircPPP1CB Suppresses Tumorigenesis by Interacting With the MiR-1307-3p/SMG1 Axis in Human Bladder Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:704683. [PMID: 34595165 PMCID: PMC8476764 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.704683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) is a newly discovered endogenous non-coding RNA (ncRNA), which is characterized with a closed circular structure. A growing body of evidence has verified the vital roles of circRNAs in human cancer. In this research, we selected circPPP1CB as a study object by circRNA sequencing and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) validation in human bladder cancer (BC). CircPPP1CB is downregulated in BC and is negatively correlated with clinical stages and histological grades. Functionally, circPPP1CB modulated cell growth, metastasis, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in vitro and in vivo. Mechanically, we performed various experiments to verify the circPPP1CB/miR-1307-3p/SMG1 regulatory axis. Taken together, our results demonstrated that circPPP1CB participates in tumor growth, metastasis, and EMT process by interacting with the miR-1307-3p/SMG1 axis, and that circPPP1CB might be a novel therapeutic target and diagnostic biomarker in human BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifan Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuejian Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianwu Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiayong Xiang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengjing Fan
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanlan Yu
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yueshu Cai
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongshen Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shihan Huang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ning He
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenghui Hu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoqing Ding
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Jin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidants: A Step towards Disease Treatment. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:8837893. [PMID: 33354280 PMCID: PMC7735836 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8837893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the main organelles that produce adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in eukaryotic cells and meanwhile susceptible to oxidative damage. The irreversible oxidative damage in mitochondria has been implicated in various human diseases. Increasing evidence indicates the therapeutic potential of mitochondria-targeted antioxidants (MTAs) for oxidative damage-associated diseases. In this article, we introduce the advantageous properties of MTAs compared with the conventional (nontargeted) ones, review different mitochondria-targeted delivery systems and antioxidants, and summarize their experimental results for various disease treatments in different animal models and clinical trials. The combined evidence demonstrates that mitochondrial redox homeostasis is a potential target for disease treatment. Meanwhile, the limitations and prospects for exploiting MTAs are discussed, which might pave ways for further trial design and drug development.
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Ho U, Luff J, James A, Lee CS, Quek H, Lai HC, Apte S, Lim YC, Lavin MF, Roberts TL. SMG1 heterozygosity exacerbates haematopoietic cancer development in Atm null mice by increasing persistent DNA damage and oxidative stress. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:8151-8160. [PMID: 31565865 PMCID: PMC6850945 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Suppressor of morphogenesis in genitalia 1 (SMG1) and ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) are members of the PI3‐kinase like–kinase (PIKK) family of proteins. ATM is a well‐established tumour suppressor. Loss of one or both alleles of ATM results in an increased risk of cancer development, particularly haematopoietic cancer and breast cancer in both humans and mouse models. In mice, total loss of SMG1 is embryonic lethal and loss of a single allele results in an increased rate of cancer development, particularly haematopoietic cancers and lung cancer. In this study, we generated mice deficient in Atm and lacking one allele of Smg1, Atm−/−Smg1gt/+ mice. These mice developed cancers more rapidly than either of the parental genotypes, and all cancers were haematopoietic in origin. The combined loss of Smg1 and Atm resulted in a higher level of basal DNA damage and oxidative stress in tissues than loss of either gene alone. Furthermore, Atm−/−Smg1gt/+ mice displayed increased cytokine levels in haematopoietic tissues compared with wild‐type animals indicating the development of low‐level inflammation and a pro‐tumour microenvironment. Overall, our data demonstrated that combined loss of Atm expression and decreased Smg1 expression increases haematopoietic cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uda Ho
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld, Australia
| | - John Luff
- UQCCR, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Alexander James
- The Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research and School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
| | - Cheok Soon Lee
- The Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research and School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Liverpool, NSW, Australia.,South West Sydney Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Liverpool, NSW, Australia.,Department of Anatomical Pathology, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
| | - Hazel Quek
- UQCCR, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Qld, Australia
| | - Hui-Chi Lai
- The Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research and School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Liverpool, NSW, Australia.,South West Sydney Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
| | - Simon Apte
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Qld, Australia
| | - Yi Chieh Lim
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Qld, Australia.,Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin F Lavin
- UQCCR, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Tara L Roberts
- UQCCR, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.,The Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research and School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Liverpool, NSW, Australia.,South West Sydney Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
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