Adiponectin improves amyloid-β 31-35-induced circadian rhythm disorder in mice

Association between circadian syndrome and the prevalence of kidney stones in overweight adults: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES 2007-2018

OBJECTIVE

To explore the association between circadian syndrome (CircS) and the prevalence of kidney stones in overweight people.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A cross-sectional analysis was conducted based on the NHANES 2007-2018. Overweight people aged ≥ 20 years were the target population. Three multivariable logistic regression models were built to examine the association between CircS and kidney stones. Subgroup analysis based on age, gender, and race were also employed. Interaction and stratification analysis was also conducted to identify whether some factors modify the association.

RESULT

A total of 4,603 overweight participants were included in the study. The multivariable logistic regression suggested that CircS was positively associated with the prevalence of kidney stones (OR = 1.422, 95% CI 1.057 to 1.912). The subgroup analysis showed that the association was more obvious in females (OR = 1.604, 95% CI 1.023 to 2.516) or in the population aged 35 to 49 years old (OR = 2.739, 95% CI 1.428 to 5.254). Additionally, the same trend was present when people were Mexican American (OR = 3.834, 95% CI 1.790 to 8.215) or other races (OR = 4.925, 95% CI 1.776 to 13.656). The interaction and stratification analysis showed that the results above were robust.

CONCLUSION

CircS was positively associated with the prevalence of kidney stones in overweight people, especially people as females, aged 35 to 49, and Mexican Americans.

Importance of Bmal1 in Alzheimer's disease and associated aging-related diseases: Mechanisms and interventions

With the aging world population, the prevalence of aging-related disorders is on the rise. Diseases such as Alzheimer's, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), Parkinson's, atherosclerosis, hypertension, and osteoarthritis are age-related, and most of these diseases are comorbidities or risk factors for AD; however, our understandings of molecular events that regulate the occurrence of these diseases are still not fully understood. Brain and muscle Arnt-like protein-1 (Bmal1) is an irreplaceable clock gene that governs multiple important physiological processes. Continuous research of Bmal1 in AD and associated aging-related diseases is ongoing, and this review picks relevant studies on a detailed account of its role and mechanisms in these diseases. Oxidative stress and inflammation turned out to be common mechanisms by which Bmal1 deficiency promotes AD and associated aging-related diseases, and other Bmal1-dependent mechanisms remain to be identified. Promising therapeutic strategies involved in the regulation of Bmal1 are provided, including melatonin, natural compounds, metformin, d-Ser2-oxyntomodulin, and other interventions, such as exercise, time-restricted feeding, and adiponectin. The establishment of the signaling pathway network for Bmal1 in aging-related diseases will lead to advances in the comprehension of the molecular and cellular mechanisms, shedding light on novel treatments for aging-related diseases and promoting aging-associated brain health.

Adiponectin improves amyloid-β 31-35-induced circadian rhythm disorder in mice

Adiponectin is an adipocyte‐derived hormone, which is closely associated with the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and has potential preventive and therapeutic significance. In the present study, we explored the relationship between adiponectin and circadian rhythm disorder in AD, the effect of adiponectin on the abnormal expression of Bmal1 mRNA/protein induced by amyloid‐β protein 31‐35 (Aβ31‐35), and the underlying mechanism of action. We found that adiponectin‐knockout mice exhibited amyloid‐β deposition, circadian rhythm disorders and abnormal expression of Bmal1. Adiponectin ameliorated the abnormal expression of the Bmal1 mRNA/protein caused by Aβ31‐35 by inhibiting the activity of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β). These results suggest that adiponectin deficiency could induce circadian rhythm disorders and abnormal expression of the Bmal1 mRNA/protein, whilst exogenous administration of adiponectin may improve Aβ31‐35‐induced abnormal expression of Bmal1 by inhibiting the activity of GSK3β, thus providing a novel idea for the treatment of AD.