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Sajjad F, Jalal A, Jalal A, Gul Z, Mubeen H, Rizvi SZ, Un-Nisa EA, Asghar A, Butool F. Multi-omic analysis of dysregulated pathways in triple negative breast cancer. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2024. [PMID: 38899578 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.14095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The aggressive characteristics of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and the absence of targeted medicines make TNBC a challenging clinical case. The molecular landscape of TNBC has been well-understood thanks to recent developments in multi-omic analysis, which have also revealed dysregulated pathways and possible treatment targets. This review summarizes the utilization of multi-omic approaches in elucidating TNBC's complex biology and therapeutic avenues. Dysregulated pathways including cell cycle progression, immunological modulation, and DNA damage response have been uncovered in TNBC by multi-omic investigations that integrate genomes, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics data. Methods like this pave the door for the discovery of new therapeutic targets, such as the EGFR, PARP, and mTOR pathways, which in turn direct the creation of more precise treatments. Recent developments in TNBC treatment strategies, including immunotherapy, PARP inhibitors, and antibody-drug conjugates, show promise in clinical trials. Emerging biomarkers like MUC1, YB-1, and immune-related markers offer insights into personalized treatment approaches and prognosis prediction. Despite the strengths of multi-omic analysis in offering a more comprehensive view and personalized treatment strategies, challenges exist. Large sample sizes and ensuring high-quality data remain crucial for reliable findings. Multi-omic analysis has revolutionized TNBC research, shedding light on dysregulated pathways, potential targets, and emerging biomarkers. Continued research efforts are imperative to translate these insights into improved outcomes for TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Sajjad
- School of Interdisciplinary Engineering and Sciences, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ahmer Jalal
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amir Jalal
- Department of Biochemistry, Sahara Medical College, Narowal, Pakistan
| | - Zulekha Gul
- Environmental and Biological Science, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Hira Mubeen
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Seemal Zahra Rizvi
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ex Alim Un-Nisa
- Food and Biotechnology Research Centre, Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Andleeb Asghar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Farah Butool
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, Lahore College for Women University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
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Balasundaram A, Mitra TS, Tayubi IA, Zayed H, Doss GPC. Deciphering the miRNA-mRNA Interaction Landscape between Breast Cancer and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: An Integrated Bioinformatics Approach. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:24379-24395. [PMID: 38882157 PMCID: PMC11170726 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is globally recognized as the second most prevalent form of cancer. It predominantly affects women and can be categorized into distinct types based on the overexpression of specific cancer receptors.The key receptors implicated in this context are the human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), estrogen receptor (ER), and progesterone receptor (PR), alongside a particularly intricate subclass known as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). This subclassification is critical for the stratification of breast cancer and informs therapeutic decision-making processes. Due to a lack of therapeutic targets, such as growth factor receptors, TNBC is the most aggressive type. Hence, identifying targetable regulators such as miRNAs could pave the way for potential therapeutic interventions. To identify common differentially expressed mRNAs (DE-mRNAs) in BC, including TNBC, we leveraged two data sets from the GEO collection and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Significant DE-mRNAs were identified through PPI, MCODE, CytoNCA, and CytoHubba analyses. Following this, miRNAs were predicted using mirDIP. We utilized GSE42568, GSE185645, and TCGA and identified 159 common DE-mRNAs. Using Cytoscape plug-ins, we identified the 10 most significant DE-mRNAs in BC. Using mirDIP, target miRNAs for 10 DE-mRNAs were identified. We conducted an advanced analysis on the TNBC GEO data set (GSE45498) to corroborate the significance of shared DE-mRNAs and DE-miRNAs in TNBC. We identified four downregulated DE-miRNAs, including hsa-miR-802, hsa-miR-1258, hsa-miR-548a-3p, and hsa-miR-2053, significantly associated with TNBC. Our study revealed significant miRNA-mRNA interactions, specifically hsa-miR-802/MELK, hsa-miR-1258/NCAPG, miR-548a-3p/CCNA2, and hsa-miR-2053/NUSAP1, in both BC and TNBC. The observed downregulation of hsa-miR-548a-3p is associated with diminished survival rates in BC patients, emphasizing their potential utility as prognostic indicators. Furthermore, the differential expression of mRNAs, including CCNB2, UBE2C, MELK, and KIF2C, correlates with reduced survival outcomes, signifying their critical role as potential targets for therapeutic intervention in both BC and TNBC. These findings highlight specific regulatory mechanisms that are potentially crucial for understanding and treating these cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambritha Balasundaram
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Tanisha Saurav Mitra
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Iftikhar Aslam Tayubi
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, Rabigh (FCITR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - George Priya C Doss
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
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Marshall ML, Fung KY, Jans DA, Wagstaff KM. Tumour-specific phosphorylation of serine 419 drives alpha-enolase (ENO1) nuclear export in triple negative breast cancer progression. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:74. [PMID: 38849850 PMCID: PMC11157870 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01249-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The glycolytic enzyme alpha-enolase is a known biomarker of many cancers and involved in tumorigenic functions unrelated to its key role in glycolysis. Here, we show that expression of alpha-enolase correlates with subcellular localisation and tumorigenic status in the MCF10 triple negative breast cancer isogenic tumour progression model, where non-tumour cells show diffuse nucleocytoplasmic localisation of alpha-enolase, whereas tumorigenic cells show a predominantly cytoplasmic localisation. Alpha-enolase nucleocytoplasmic localisation may be regulated by tumour cell-specific phosphorylation at S419, previously reported in pancreatic cancer. RESULTS Here we show ENO1 phosphorylation can also be observed in triple negative breast cancer patient samples and MCF10 tumour progression cell models. Furthermore, prevention of alpha-enolase-S419 phosphorylation by point mutation or a casein kinase-1 specific inhibitor D4476, induced tumour-specific nuclear accumulation of alpha-enolase, implicating S419 phosphorylation and casein kinase-1 in regulating subcellular localisation in tumour cell-specific fashion. Strikingly, alpha-enolase nuclear accumulation was induced in tumour cells by treatment with the specific exportin-1-mediated nuclear export inhibitor Leptomycin B. This suggests that S419 phosphorylation in tumour cells regulates alpha-enolase subcellular localisation by inducing its exportin-1-mediated nuclear export. Finally, as a first step to analyse the functional consequences of increased cytoplasmic alpha-enolase in tumour cells, we determined the alpha-enolase interactome in the absence/presence of D4476 treatment, with results suggesting clear differences with respect to interaction with cytoskeleton regulating proteins. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest for the first time that tumour-specific S419 phosphorylation may contribute integrally to alpha-enolase cytoplasmic localisation, to facilitate alpha-enolase's role in modulating cytoskeletal organisation in triple negative breast cancer. This new information may be used for development of triple negative breast cancer specific therapeutics that target alpha-enolase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan L Marshall
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Kim Yc Fung
- Health and Biosecurity, CSIRO, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - David A Jans
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Kylie M Wagstaff
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.
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Lin Y, Wang S, Yang Q. Identification of hub genes and diagnostic efficacy for triple-negative breast cancer through WGCNA and Mendelian randomization. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:117. [PMID: 38609711 PMCID: PMC11014828 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-00970-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents a particularly aggressive form of breast cancer with a poor prognosis due to a lack of targeted treatments resulting from limited a understanding of the underlying mechanisms. The aim of this study was the identification of hub genes for TNBC and assess their clinical applicability in predicting the disease. METHODS This study employed a combination of weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) to identify new susceptible modules and central genes in TNBC. The potential functional roles of the central genes were investigated using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) analyses. Furthermore, a predictive model and ROC curve were developed to assess the diagnostic performance of the identified central genes. The correlation between CCNB1 and immune cells proportion was also investigated. At last, a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis utilizing Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) data was analyzed to establish the causal effect of CCNB1 level on TNBC. RESULTS WGCNA was applied to determine gene co-expression maps and identify the most relevant module. Through a screening process, 1585 candidate hub genes were subsequently identified with WGCNA and DEGs. GO and KEGG function enrichment analysis indicated that these core genes were related to various biological processes, such as organelle fission, chromosome segregation, nuclear division, mitotic cell cycle phase transition, the cell cycle, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and motor proteins. Using STRING and Cytoscape, the top five genes with high degrees were identified as CDC2, CCNB1, CCNA2, TOP2A, and CCNB2. The nomogram model demonstrated good performance in predicting TNBC risk and was proven effective in diagnosis, as evidenced by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Further investigation revealed a causal association between CCNB1 and immune cell infiltrates in TNBC. Survival analysis revealed high expression of the CCNB1 gene leads to poorer prognosis in TNBC patients. Additionally, analysis using inverse variance weighting revealed that CCNB1 was linked to a 2.8% higher risk of TNBC (OR: 1.028, 95% CI 1.002-1.055, p = 0.032). CONCLUSION We established a co-expression network using the WGCNA methodology to detect pivotal genes associated with TNBC. This finding holds promise for advancing the creation of pre-symptomatic diagnostic tools and deepening our comprehension of the pathogenic mechanisms involved in TNBC risk genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilong Lin
- Department of Breast Surgery, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, Fujian, China.
| | - Songsong Wang
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qingmo Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, Fujian, China.
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Xu J, Zhang X, Yang G, Sun W, Wang W, Mi C. Analysis of differentially expressed proteins in lymph fluids related to lymphatic metastasis in a breast cancer rabbit model guided by contrast‑enhanced ultrasound. Oncol Lett 2024; 27:143. [PMID: 38385114 PMCID: PMC10879953 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to identify differentially expressed proteins in the lymph fluid of rabbits with breast cancer lymphatic metastasis compared with healthy rabbits and to analyze and verify these proteins using proteomics technologies. In the process of breast cancer metastasis, the composition of the lymph fluid will also change. Rabbits with breast cancer lymph node metastasis and normal rabbits were selected for analysis. Lymph fluid was extracted under the guidance of percutaneous contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Label-free quantitative proteomics was used to detect and compare differences between the rabbit cancer model and healthy rabbits and differential protein expression results were obtained. Bioinformatics analysis was performed using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology analysis software, selecting the most significantly differentially expressed proteins. Finally, parallel reaction monitoring technology was applied for validation. A total of 547 significantly differentially expressed proteins were found in the present study, which included 371 upregulated proteins and 176 downregulated proteins. The aforementioned genes were mainly involved in various cellular and metabolic pathways, including upregulated proteins, such as biliverdin reductase A and isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 and downregulated proteins, such as pyridoxal kinase. The upregulated proteins protein disulfide-isomerase 3, protein kinase cAMP-dependent type I regulatory subunit α and ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 4 participated in immune regulation, endocrine regulation and anti-tumor drug resistance regulation, respectively. Compared with healthy rabbits, rabbits with breast cancer metastasis differentially expressed of a number of different proteins in their lymph, which participate in the pathophysiological process of tumor occurrence and metastasis. Through further research, these differential proteins can be used as predictive indicators of breast cancer metastasis and new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachao Xu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
- Department of Ultrasound, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750003, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
- Department of Ultrasound, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750003, P.R. China
| | - Guangfei Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750003, P.R. China
| | - Wei Sun
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
- Department of Ultrasound, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750003, P.R. China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750003, P.R. China
| | - Chengrong Mi
- Department of Ultrasound, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750003, P.R. China
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Orsini A, Diquigiovanni C, Bonora E. Omics Technologies Improving Breast Cancer Research and Diagnostics. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12690. [PMID: 37628869 PMCID: PMC10454385 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) has yielded approximately 2.26 million new cases and has caused nearly 685,000 deaths worldwide in the last two years, making it the most common diagnosed cancer type in the world. BC is an intricate ecosystem formed by both the tumor microenvironment and malignant cells, and its heterogeneity impacts the response to treatment. Biomedical research has entered the era of massive omics data thanks to the high-throughput sequencing revolution, quick progress and widespread adoption. These technologies-liquid biopsy, transcriptomics, epigenomics, proteomics, metabolomics, pharmaco-omics and artificial intelligence imaging-could help researchers and clinicians to better understand the formation and evolution of BC. This review focuses on the findings of recent multi-omics-based research that has been applied to BC research, with an introduction to every omics technique and their applications for the different BC phenotypes, biomarkers, target therapies, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis, to provide a comprehensive overview of the possibilities of BC research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chiara Diquigiovanni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40131 Bologna, Italy; (A.O.); (E.B.)
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El Hejjioui B, Lamrabet S, Amrani Joutei S, Senhaji N, Bouhafa T, Malhouf MA, Bennis S, Bouguenouch L. New Biomarkers and Treatment Advances in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13111949. [PMID: 37296801 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13111949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a specific subtype of breast cancer lacking hormone receptor expression and HER2 gene amplification. TNBC represents a heterogeneous subtype of breast cancer, characterized by poor prognosis, high invasiveness, high metastatic potential, and a tendency to relapse. In this review, the specific molecular subtypes and pathological aspects of triple-negative breast cancer are illustrated, with particular attention to the biomarker characteristics of TNBC, namely: regulators of cell proliferation and migration and angiogenesis, apoptosis-regulating proteins, regulators of DNA damage response, immune checkpoints, and epigenetic modifications. This paper also focuses on omics approaches to exploring TNBC, such as genomics to identify cancer-specific mutations, epigenomics to identify altered epigenetic landscapes in cancer cells, and transcriptomics to explore differential mRNA and protein expression. Moreover, updated neoadjuvant treatments for TNBC are also mentioned, underlining the role of immunotherapy and novel and targeted agents in the treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brahim El Hejjioui
- Biomedical and Translational Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30050, Morocco
- Department of Medical Genetics and Oncogenetics, HASSAN II University Hospital, Fez 30050, Morocco
| | - Salma Lamrabet
- Biomedical and Translational Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30050, Morocco
| | - Sarah Amrani Joutei
- Department of Radiotherapy, HASSAN II University Hospital, Fez 30050, Morocco
| | - Nadia Senhaji
- Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknès 50000, Morocco
| | - Touria Bouhafa
- Department of Radiotherapy, HASSAN II University Hospital, Fez 30050, Morocco
| | | | - Sanae Bennis
- Biomedical and Translational Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30050, Morocco
| | - Laila Bouguenouch
- Department of Medical Genetics and Oncogenetics, HASSAN II University Hospital, Fez 30050, Morocco
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Punetha A, Kotiya D. Advancements in Oncoproteomics Technologies: Treading toward Translation into Clinical Practice. Proteomes 2023; 11:2. [PMID: 36648960 PMCID: PMC9844371 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes11010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteomics continues to forge significant strides in the discovery of essential biological processes, uncovering valuable information on the identity, global protein abundance, protein modifications, proteoform levels, and signal transduction pathways. Cancer is a complicated and heterogeneous disease, and the onset and progression involve multiple dysregulated proteoforms and their downstream signaling pathways. These are modulated by various factors such as molecular, genetic, tissue, cellular, ethnic/racial, socioeconomic status, environmental, and demographic differences that vary with time. The knowledge of cancer has improved the treatment and clinical management; however, the survival rates have not increased significantly, and cancer remains a major cause of mortality. Oncoproteomics studies help to develop and validate proteomics technologies for routine application in clinical laboratories for (1) diagnostic and prognostic categorization of cancer, (2) real-time monitoring of treatment, (3) assessing drug efficacy and toxicity, (4) therapeutic modulations based on the changes with prognosis and drug resistance, and (5) personalized medication. Investigation of tumor-specific proteomic profiles in conjunction with healthy controls provides crucial information in mechanistic studies on tumorigenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance. This review provides an overview of proteomics technologies that assist the discovery of novel drug targets, biomarkers for early detection, surveillance, prognosis, drug monitoring, and tailoring therapy to the cancer patient. The information gained from such technologies has drastically improved cancer research. We further provide exemplars from recent oncoproteomics applications in the discovery of biomarkers in various cancers, drug discovery, and clinical treatment. Overall, the future of oncoproteomics holds enormous potential for translating technologies from the bench to the bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Punetha
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, 225 Warren St., Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Deepak Kotiya
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, 900 South Limestone St., Lexington, KY 40536, USA
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Consoli V, Sorrenti V, Pittalà V, Greish K, D’Amico AG, Romeo G, Intagliata S, Salerno L, Vanella L. Heme Oxygenase Modulation Drives Ferroptosis in TNBC Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105709. [PMID: 35628518 PMCID: PMC9143660 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The term ferroptosis refers to a peculiar type of programmed cell death (PCD) mainly characterized by extensive iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Recently, ferroptosis has been suggested as a potential new strategy for the treatment of several cancers, including breast cancer (BC). In particular, among the BC subtypes, triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is considered the most aggressive, and conventional drugs fail to provide long-term efficacy. In this context, our study's purpose was to investigate the mechanism of ferroptosis in breast cancer cell lines and reveal the significance of heme oxygenase (HO) modulation in the process, providing new biochemical approaches. HO's effect on BC was evaluated by MTT tests, gene silencing, Western blot analysis, and measurement of reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione (GSH) and lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH) levels. In order to assess HO's implication, different approaches were exploited, using two distinct HO-1 inducers (hemin and curcumin), a well-known HO inhibitor (SnMP) and a selective HO-2 inhibitor. The data obtained showed HO's contribution to the onset of ferroptosis; in particular, HO-1 induction seemed to accelerate the process. Moreover, our results suggest a potential role of HO-2 in erastin-induced ferroptosis. In view of the above, HO modulation in ferroptosis can offer a novel approach for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Consoli
- Department of Drug and Health Science, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (V.C.); (V.P.); (A.G.D.); (G.R.); (S.I.); (L.S.); (L.V.)
| | - Valeria Sorrenti
- Department of Drug and Health Science, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (V.C.); (V.P.); (A.G.D.); (G.R.); (S.I.); (L.S.); (L.V.)
- CERNUT-Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Valeria Pittalà
- Department of Drug and Health Science, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (V.C.); (V.P.); (A.G.D.); (G.R.); (S.I.); (L.S.); (L.V.)
- CERNUT-Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Khaled Greish
- Princess Al-Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 329, Bahrain;
| | - Agata Grazia D’Amico
- Department of Drug and Health Science, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (V.C.); (V.P.); (A.G.D.); (G.R.); (S.I.); (L.S.); (L.V.)
| | - Giuseppe Romeo
- Department of Drug and Health Science, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (V.C.); (V.P.); (A.G.D.); (G.R.); (S.I.); (L.S.); (L.V.)
- CERNUT-Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Intagliata
- Department of Drug and Health Science, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (V.C.); (V.P.); (A.G.D.); (G.R.); (S.I.); (L.S.); (L.V.)
- CERNUT-Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Loredana Salerno
- Department of Drug and Health Science, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (V.C.); (V.P.); (A.G.D.); (G.R.); (S.I.); (L.S.); (L.V.)
- CERNUT-Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Luca Vanella
- Department of Drug and Health Science, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (V.C.); (V.P.); (A.G.D.); (G.R.); (S.I.); (L.S.); (L.V.)
- CERNUT-Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
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