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Huang Y, Chen C, Liu Y, Tan B, Xiang Q, Chen Q, Wang Y, Yang W, He J, Zhou D, Wang Y, Gao K, Zheng D, Zhai R. Downregulation of tRF-Cys-GCA-029 by hyperglycemia promotes tumorigenesis and glycolysis of diabetic breast cancer through upregulating PRKCG translation. Breast Cancer Res 2024; 26:117. [PMID: 39039568 PMCID: PMC11265092 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-024-01870-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) affects up to one-third of breast cancer (BC) patients. Patients with co-existing BC and DM (BC-DM) have worsened BC prognosis. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms orchestrating BC-DM prognosis remain poorly understood. tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) have been shown to regulate cancer progression. However, the biological role of tRFs in BC-DM has not been explored. METHODS tRF levels in tumor tissues and cells were detected by tRF sequencing and qRT-PCR. The effects of tRF on BC cell malignancy were assessed under euglycemic and hyperglycemic conditions in vitro. Metabolic changes were assessed by lactate, pyruvate, and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) assays. Diabetic animal model was used to evaluate the impacts of tRF on BC tumor growth. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq), qRT-PCR, Western blot, polysome profiling, luciferase reporter assay, and rescue experiments were performed to explore the regulatory mechanisms of tRF in BC-DM. RESULTS We identified that tRF-Cys-GCA-029 was downregulated in BC-DM tissues and under hyperglycemia conditions in BC cells. Functionally, downregulation of tRF-Cys-GCA-029 promoted BC cell proliferation and migration in a glucose level-dependent manner. tRF-Cys-GCA-029 knockdown also enhanced glycolysis metabolism in BC cells, indicated by increasing lactate/pyruvate production and ECAR levels. Notably, injection of tRF-Cys-GCA-029 mimic significantly suppressed BC tumor growth in diabetic-mice. Mechanistically, tRF-Cys-GCA-029 regulated BC cell malignancy and glycolysis via interacting with PRKCG in two ways: binding to the coding sequence (CDS) of PRKCG mRNA to regulate its transcription and altering polysomal PRKCG mRNA expression to modify its translation. CONCLUSIONS Hyperglycemia-downregulated tRF-Cys-GCA-029 enhances the malignancy and glycolysis of BC cells. tRF-Cys-GCA-029-PRKCG-glycolysis axis may be a potential therapeutic target against BC-DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyi Huang
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Binbin Tan
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Qin Xiang
- Department of Cell Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Qianqian Chen
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yiling Wang
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wenhan Yang
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jingsong He
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, 1120 Lianhua Road, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Duanyang Zhou
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Kaiping Gao
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Duo Zheng
- Department of Cell Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Rihong Zhai
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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Zhang Q, Zhao X, Sun M, Dong D. Novel insights into transfer RNA-derived small RNA (tsRNA) in cardio-metabolic diseases. Life Sci 2024; 341:122475. [PMID: 38309576 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Cardio-metabolic diseases, including a cluster of metabolic disorders and their secondary affections on cardiovascular physiology, are gradually brought to the forefront by researchers due to their high prevalence and mortality, as well as an unidentified pathogenesis. tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs), cleaved by several specific enzymes and once considered as some "metabolic junks" in the past, have been proved to possess numerous functions in human bodies. More interestingly, such a potential also seems to influence the progression of cardio-metabolic diseases to some extent. In this review, the biogenesis, classification and mechanisms of tsRNAs will be discussed based on some latest studies, and their relations with several cardio-metabolic diseases will be highlighted in sequence. Lastly, some future prospects, such as their clinical applications as biomarkers and therapeutic targets will also be mentioned, in order to provide researchers with a comprehensive understanding of the research status of tsRNAs as well as its association with cardio-metabolic diseases, thus presenting as a beacon to indicate directions for the next stage of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingya Zhang
- Innovation Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhao
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang 110102, Liaoning, China
| | - Mingli Sun
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang 110102, Liaoning, China
| | - Dan Dong
- College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China.
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Chen Q, Shen L, Liao T, Qiu Y, Lei Y, Wang X, Chen L, Zhao Y, Niu L, Wang Y, Zhang S, Zhu L, Gan M. A Novel tRNA-Derived Fragment, tRF GlnCTG, Regulates Angiogenesis by Targeting Antxr1 mRNA. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14552. [PMID: 37833999 PMCID: PMC10572189 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
As a novel non-coding RNA with important functions corresponding to various cellular stresses, the function of tRFs in angiogenesis remains unclear. Firstly, small RNA sequencing was performed on normal and post-muscle injury mouse tibialis anterior muscle to identify and analyse differentially expressed tRF/tiRNA. tRNA GlnCTG-derived fragments (tRFGlnCTG) were found to be overexpressed in high abundance in the damaged muscle. Subsequent in vitro experiments revealed that the overexpression of tRFGlnCTG suppressed the vascular endothelial cells' viability, cell cycle G1/S transition, proliferation, migration, and tube-formation capacity. Similarly, in vivo experiments showed that the tRFGlnCTG decreased the relative mRNA levels of vascular endothelial cell markers and pro-angiogenic factors and reduced the proportion of CD31-positive cells. Finally, luciferase activity analysis confirmed that the tRFGlnCTG directly targeted the 3'UTR of Antxr1, leading to a significant reduction in the mRNA expression of the target gene. These results suggest that tRFGlnCTG is a key regulator of vascular endothelial cell function. The results provide a new idea for further exploration of the molecular mechanisms that regulate angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyang Chen
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.C.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Linyuan Shen
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.C.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Tianci Liao
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.C.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yanhao Qiu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.C.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yuhang Lei
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.C.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xingyu Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.C.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.C.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ye Zhao
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.C.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lili Niu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.C.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.C.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Shunhua Zhang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.C.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.C.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Mailin Gan
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.C.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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Zhou Y, Wang Z, Zhou H, Tan W, Liu J, Cai Y, Huang Q, Li B, He Y, Yoshida S, Li Y. Identification and clinical significance of tsRNAs and miRNAs in PBMCs of treatment-requiring retinopathy of prematurity. Exp Eye Res 2023; 232:109518. [PMID: 37257714 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study is to reveal the expression profiling and clinical significance of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) of premature infants with treatment-requiring retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Significantly altered tsRNAs and miRNAs were screened using small RNA sequencing. RT-qPCR was used to verify the altered RNAs identified by small RNA transcriptomics. The target genes, their enriched functions, and possibly involved signaling pathways were identified by bioinformatics analyses. According to the small RNA sequencing, 125 tsRNAs and 205 miRNAs were significantly altered in PBMCs obtained from infants with treatment-requiring ROP compared with the premature controls without retinopathy. We preliminarily validated the significant alterations of 6 tsRNAs and 9 miRNAs. The target genes for those tsRNAs were enriched for cellular macromolecule metabolic process, intracellular anatomical structure, transcription regulatory region nucleic acid binding, and Th17 cell differentiation; those of the altered miRNAs were enriched for the developmental process, cell junction, DNA-binding transcription activator activity, and FoxO signaling pathway. By verification with the extended sample size, we identified tsRNAs and miRNAs that could be potential biomarkers with clinical values. The study recognized the alterations and clinical significance of changed tsRNA/miRNA profiles in PBMCs from premature infants with ROP. These significantly altered tsRNAs and miRNAs might be useful as potential diagnostic biomarkers and molecular targets for treatment-requiring ROP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yedi Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China; Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Zicong Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China; Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Haixiang Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China; Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China; Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China; Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yuting Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China; Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Qian Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China; Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Bingyan Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China; Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yan He
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China; Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Shigeo Yoshida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China; Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
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Zhang S, Yu X, Xie Y, Ye G, Guo J. tRNA derived fragments:A novel player in gene regulation and applications in cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1063930. [PMID: 36761955 PMCID: PMC9904238 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1063930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The heterogeneous species of tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) with specific biological functions was recently identified. Distinct roles of tRFs in tumor development and viral infection, mediated through transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation, has been demonstrated. In this review, we briefly summarize the current literatures on the classification of tRFs and the effects of tRNA modification on tRF biogenesis. Moreover, we highlight the tRF repertoire of biological roles such as gene silencing, and regulation of translation, cell apoptosis, and epigenetics. We also summarize the biological roles of various tRFs in cancer development and viral infection, their potential value as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for different types of cancers, and their potential use in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiuchong Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yaoyao Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Guoliang Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China,Institute of Digestive Diseases, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Junming Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China,Institute of Digestive Diseases, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China,*Correspondence: Junming Guo,
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