Influence of periodontal tissue thickness on buccal plate remodelling on immediate implants with xenograft

Effect of Platelet Concentrates on Marginal Bone Loss of Immediate Implant Procedures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

BACKGROUND

To evaluate marginal bone loss (MBL) in immediate implant procedures (IIP) placed in conjunction with platelet concentrates (PCs) compared to IIP without PCs.

METHODS

A search was performed in four databases. Clinical trials evaluating MBL of IIP placed with and without PCs were included. The random effects model was conducted for meta-analysis.

RESULTS

Eight clinical trials that evaluated MBL in millimeters were included. A total of 148 patients and 232 immediate implants were evaluated. The meta-analysis showed a statistically significant reduction on MBL of IIP placed with PCs when compared to the non-PCs group at 6 months (p < 0.00001) and 12 months (p < 0.00001) follow-ups. No statistically significant differences were observed on MBL of IIP when compared PCs + bone graft group vs. only bone grafting at 6 months (p = 0.51), and a significant higher MBL of IIP placed with PCs + bone graft when compared to only bone grafting at 12 months was found (p = 0.03).

CONCLUSIONS

MBL of IIP at 6 and 12 months follow-ups is lower when PCs are applied in comparison to not placing PCs, which may lead to more predictable implant treatments in the medium term. However, MBL seems not to diminish when PCs + bone graft are applied when compared to only bone grafting.

Dental Pulp Stem Cells on Implant Surface: An In Vitro Study

In the field of biology and medicine, one hears often about stem cells and their potential. The dental implant new surfaces, subjected to specific treatments, perform better and allow for quicker healing times and better clinical performance. The purpose of this study is to evaluate from a biological point of view the interaction and cytotoxicity between stem cells derived from dental pulp (DPSCs) and titanium surfaces. Through the creation of complex cells/implant, this study is aimed at analyzing the cytotoxicity of dental implant surfaces (Myth (Maipek Manufacturer Industrial Care, Naples, Italy)) and the adhesion capacity of cells on them and at considering the essential factors for implant healing such as osteoinduction and vasculogenesis. These parameters are pointed out through histology (3D cell culture), immunofluorescence, proliferation assays, scanning electron microscopy, and PCR investigations. The results of the dental implant surface and its interaction with the DPSCs are encouraging, obtaining results increasing the mineralization of the tissues. The knowledge of this type of interaction, highlighting its chemical and biological features, is certainly also an excellent starting point for the development of even more performing surfaces for having better healing in the oral surgical procedures related to dental implant positioning.

Sandblasted and Acid Etched Titanium Dental Implant Surfaces Systematic Review and Confocal Microscopy Evaluation

The field of dental implantology has made progress in recent years, allowing safer and predictable oral rehabilitations. Surely the rehabilitation times have also been reduced, thanks to the advent of the new implant surfaces, which favour the osseointegration phases and allow the clinician to rehabilitate their patients earlier. To carry out this study, a search was conducted in the Pubmed, Embase and Elsevier databases; the articles initially obtained according to the keywords used numbered 283, and then subsequently reduced to 10 once the inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. The review that has been carried out on this type of surface allows us to fully understand the features and above all to evaluate all the advantages or not related. The study materials also are supported by a manufacturing company, which provided all the indications regarding surface treatment and confocal microscopy scans. In conclusion, we can say that, thanks to these new surfaces, it has been possible to shorten the time necessary to obtain osseointegration and, therefore, secondary stability on the part of implants. The surfaces, therefore, guarantee an improved cellular adhesion and thanks to the excellent wettability all the biological processes that derive from it, such as increases in the exposed implant surface, resulting in an increase in bone-implant contact (BIC).

Tapered, Double-Lead Threads Single Implants Placed in Fresh Extraction Sockets and Healed Sites of the Posterior Jaws: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial with 1 to 3 Years of Follow-Up

PURPOSE

To evaluate the survival, success, and complication rates of tapered double-lead threads single implants, placed in fresh extraction sockets and healed sites of the posterior jaws.

METHODS

The enrolled patients were randomly divided into 2 groups: in the test group (TG), all implants were inserted at the time of tooth extraction; in the control group (CG), all implants were placed 3 months after extraction. The implants were followed for a period of 1 to 3 years after loading. The main outcomes were implant survival, complications, and implant-crown success.

RESULTS

Ninety-two patients had 97 installed implants (49 in the TG, 48 in the CG). Only two implants failed, in the TG; the survival rates were therefore 95.9% (47/49) and 100% (48/48) for TG and CG, respectively. In the surviving implants, no complications were reported, for an implant-crown success of 100%.

CONCLUSIONS

Although a significant difference was found in the levels of primary stability between TG and CG, single implants placed in fresh extraction sockets and healed sites of the posterior jaws had similar survival and complication rates. Crestal bone levels and peri-implant bone resorption showed similar values. A longer follow-up period is however required, to confirm these positive outcomes.

Immediate implant placement and provisionalization in the aesthetic zone using a flapless or a flap-involving approach: a randomized controlled trial

AIM

We conducted a randomized controlled trial to compare the effect of flapless (FLS) or flap-involving (F) immediate placement and provisionalization of single-tooth implants in the aesthetic zone.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Thirty-nine patients were randomized following extraction of a non-restorable tooth to a FLS or F group. All implants were immediately placed and provisionalized. We monitored prospectively changes in the peri-implant mucosal margin, the interproximal bone and buccal horizontal ridge at 3, 6 and 12 months.

RESULTS

At 3 months post-surgery, the mean ± SD [median (interquartile range)] mesiobuccal peri-implant gingival margin recession from the pre-surgical soft tissue position amounted to 0.11 ± 0.32 mm [0 (0, 0.5)] in the FLS treatment arm versus 0.43 ± 37 mm [0.5 (0, 0.5)] in the F treatment arm (p = 0.02); corresponding values at the distobuccal surface were 0.11 ± 32 mm [0 (0, 0)] in the FLS arm versus 0.48 ± 0.44 mm [0.5 (0, 1)] in the F arm (p = 0.01). No other significant differences in soft or hard tissue remodelling between the treatment arms were observed at 3, 6 or 12 months.

CONCLUSIONS

Flapless and a flap-involving immediate implant placement and provisionalization in the aesthetic zone resulted in comparable remodelling of the peri-implant mucosa, interproximal bone and buccal ridge at 6 and 12 months.