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Sánchez-Cueva MS, Alcantud Marín F, Alonso-Esteban Y. Ansiedad y trastornos del espectro del autismo: notas para la intervención psicoeducativa. SIGLO CERO REVISTA ESPAÑOLA SOBRE DISCAPACIDAD INTELECTUAL 2022. [DOI: 10.14201/scero2022534930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Se analizan de forma narrativa las relaciones entre comportamiento sensorial atípico, intolerancia a la incertidumbre y regulación emocional como generadores de los trastornos de ansiedad en niños y niñas autistas. El objetivo es estudiar el origen de la ansiedad en los niños y niñas autistas con la finalidad de determinar cuál o cuáles pueden ser los procedimientos de intervención más adecuados. Se han revisado algunos de los programas de intervención cognitivo-conductuales más utilizados en niños y niñas autistas y las adaptaciones realizadas a los mismos. Se observa un divorcio entre los programas psicoeducativos escolares y los programas clínicos de intervención para el tratamiento de la ansiedad. Como conclusión, se recomienda que en los programas psicoeducativos escolares se incorporen acciones proactivas en forma de programas de intervención cognitivo-conductuales para evitar o aminorar los efectos negativos de la ansiedad en el aprendizaje e inclusión escolar de los niños y las niñas autistas.
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Lei J, Charman T, Leigh E, Russell A, Mohamed Z, Hollocks MJ. Examining the relationship between cognitive inflexibility and internalizing and externalizing symptoms in autistic children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Autism Res 2022; 15:2265-2295. [PMID: 36196666 PMCID: PMC10092776 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Compared to neurotypical peers, autistic adolescents show greater cognitive inflexibility (CI) which manifests at the behavioral and cognitive level and potentially increases vulnerability for the development of internalizing (INT) and externalizing (EXT) symptoms. This systematic review and meta-analysis explored the association between CI and INT/EXT in autistic adolescents. PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Web of Science databases were searched to identify relevant studies until April 2022 (PROSPERO protocol: CRD42021277294). Systematic review included 21 studies (n = 1608) of CI and INT, and 15 studies (n = 1115) of CI and EXT. A pooled effect size using Pearson's correlation between CI and INT/EXT was calculated and the moderating effects of age, sex, IQ and study quality were investigated using meta-regressions. Sensitivity analyses were completed to investigate the impact of measure variance for CI and co-occurring ADHD on the overall effects. Greater CI is associated with increased INT (nine studies; n = 833; r = 0.39 (moderate effect), 95% confidence interval [0.32, 0.46]) and EXT (six studies; n = 295; r = 0.48 (large effect), 95% confidence interval [0.38, 0.58]). Results withheld when only using parental reports of CI and excluding autistic adolescents with co-occurring ADHD. Increased CI may be a transdiagnostic vulnerability factor that can increase autistic adolescents' rigid or perseverative patterns of unhelpful cognition and behaviors and reduce their ability to access psychological interventions. Addressing CI may improve autistic children and adolescents' engagement with psychological therapy for co-occurring mental health difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiedi Lei
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Tony Charman
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Eleanor Leigh
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ailsa Russell
- Centre for Applied Autism Research, Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Zameer Mohamed
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Matthew J Hollocks
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, London, UK
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Sumich A, Heym N, Lenzoni S, Hunter K. Gut microbiome-brain axis and inflammation in temperament, personality and psychopathology. Curr Opin Behav Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2022.101101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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