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Demetriou A. Is intelligence of preterm children different from full-term children? Commentary on Rapuc et al. (2023). J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 65:984-988. [PMID: 38098167 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Rapuc et al. (Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2023) found that Full-Scale IQ of preterm children is significantly lower than full-term children. Also, although the structure of intelligence appeared to involve the same clusters of cognitive ability, relations between abilities were stronger in preterm children, implying that abilities are more differentiated in full-term than in preterm children. This commentary examined if these findings hold when different modelling methods are used. Instead of the network analysis used in the target article (Rapuc et al., 2023), I used confirmatory factor analysis and special forms of structural equation modelling designed to capture interactions between processes and their differentiation from general cognitive ability. I found, in line with the target article, that premature children scored lower overall in cognitive ability, and that cognitive processes are more strongly related in preterm than in full-term children. However, in contrast to the target article, specific abilities tended to differentiate with increasing general ability in preterm rather than in full-term children. In full-term children, increases in specific abilities were commensurate with increases in general ability. These differences may reflect slower development in preterm children and stronger dependence on executive processes dominating in preschool. Clinical implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Demetriou
- Cyprus Academy of Sciences, Letters, and Arts, Nicosia, Cyprus
- University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
- University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
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Tian Y, Fan Z, Zeng X, Yu Z, Lu X, Zhao X, Wu Z, He H, Zeng J, Zheng L, Zhang L, Correa VSMC, Ying G, Zhang S, Zhang G. Long-term follow-up of the cognitive function in children after intravitreal ranibizumab for retinopathy of prematurity. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2024:10.1007/s00417-024-06486-x. [PMID: 38643422 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-024-06486-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the long-term cognitive function in children treated with intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) for retinopathy of prematurity(ROP), and the impact of IVR on the growth and ocular development. METHODS In this retrospective study, the premature children aged 4 to 9 years who received monotherapy of IVR (IVR group, n = 25) or monotherapy of laser photocoagulation (LP) (LP group, n = 33) for ROP, and the same age premature children with no ROP (Control group, n = 26) were enrolled from 2020 to 2022 in the pediatric fundus clinic of Shenzhen Eye Hospital. Main outcome measures were full-scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) and index score using the Chinese version of the Wechsler intelligence scale for children-fourth edition (WISC-IV) and Wechsler preschool and primary scale of intelligence-fourth edition (WPPSI-IV). All children were examined and analyzed for growth and ocular development by recording the height, weight, head circumference, spherical equivalent (SE), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and axial length (AL). RESULTS There were 17 children in IVR group, 17 in LP group, and 11 in Control group who received the WISC-IV assessment. There were no significant differences in FSIQ, verbal comprehension index, perceptual reasoning index, working memory index, processing speed index, general ability index and cognitive efficiency index among the three groups. There were 8 children in IVR group, 16 in LP group, and 15 in Control group who received the WPPSI-IV assessment. There were no significant differences in FSIQ, verbal comprehension index, visuospatial index, fluid reasoning index, working memory index, non-verbal index, general ability index and cognitive efficiency index among the three groups. There was no significant difference in BCVA among the three groups (P = 0.74), however, there is an increase for AL in IVR group when compared with LP group (22.60 ± 0.58 vs. 22.13 ± 0.84, P = 0.003), and the ROP patients of IVR group have a significant increase in the AL compared to the Control group(22.60 ± 0.58 vs. 22.03 ± 0.71, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Children with a history of IVR have a similar cognitive function outcomes compared to those with a history of LP or were premature without ROP. ROP children with a history of IVR has longer AL than those treated with LP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Tian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, 18 Zhongshan East Road, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou, China
| | - Zixin Fan
- Department of Pediatric Retinal Surgery, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, 18 Zetian Road, Shenzhen, 518040, Guangdong, China
| | - Xianlu Zeng
- Department of Pediatric Retinal Surgery, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, 18 Zetian Road, Shenzhen, 518040, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhen Yu
- Department of Pediatric Retinal Surgery, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, 18 Zetian Road, Shenzhen, 518040, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaofeng Lu
- Department of Pediatric Retinal Surgery, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, 18 Zetian Road, Shenzhen, 518040, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Retinal Surgery, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, 18 Zetian Road, Shenzhen, 518040, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenquan Wu
- Department of Pediatric Retinal Surgery, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, 18 Zetian Road, Shenzhen, 518040, Guangdong, China
| | - Honghui He
- Department of Pediatric Retinal Surgery, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, 18 Zetian Road, Shenzhen, 518040, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Zeng
- Department of Pediatric Retinal Surgery, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, 18 Zetian Road, Shenzhen, 518040, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Pediatric Retinal Surgery, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, 18 Zetian Road, Shenzhen, 518040, Guangdong, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Department of Child Health Care, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, 7019 Yitian Road, Shenzhen, 518040, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Victor S M C Correa
- Retina Service, Ines and Fred Yeatts Retina Research Laboratory, Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Guishuang Ying
- Center for Preventative Ophthalmology and Biostatistics, Department of Ophthalmology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, Suite 700, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Shaochong Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Retinal Surgery, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, 18 Zetian Road, Shenzhen, 518040, Guangdong, China
| | - Guoming Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Retinal Surgery, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, 18 Zetian Road, Shenzhen, 518040, Guangdong, China.
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Zhu YH, Hu P, Luo YX, Yao XQ. Knowledge mapping of trends and hotspots in the field of exercise and cognition research over the past decade. Aging Clin Exp Res 2024; 36:19. [PMID: 38308660 PMCID: PMC10838253 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-023-02661-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Exercise elicits a wide range of physiological responses in mammalian tissues that enhance a broad range of functions, particularly in improving cognitive performance. However, the field lacks a comprehensive bibliometric analysis that clarifies its knowledge structure and research hotspots. This study aims to address this gap and map the research landscape regarding the role of exercise in cognitive function enhancement. Firstly, the frequencies and co-occurrence of keywords were analysed to identify six main clusters: aging, cognitive impairment, rehabilitation, obesity, fatigue, and hippocampus. Secondly, reference timeline co-citation analysis revealed that hippocampus and aging were the major bursts with high intensity and long attention span while children had recently emerged as a topical subject. Finally, the evolution of themes from 2012 to 2022 was analysed, and found that older adults had been the leading research theme for exercise affecting cognition. Childhood obesity was an emerging theme that attracted increasing research attention in recent years while the hippocampus research theme expanded rapidly during the decade but remained a niche topic with less relevance to others. This research identified and summarised research priorities and evolutionary trends in exercise to improve cognition by constructing knowledge networks through visual analysis. It provides researchers with a comprehensive insight into the current state of the field to facilitate further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Hai Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peng Hu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ya-Xi Luo
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Xiu-Qing Yao
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine, Chongqing, China.
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