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Aldalbahi A, Thamer BM, Abdulhameed MM, El-Newehy MH. Fabrication of biodegradable and antibacterial films of chitosan/polyvinylpyrrolidone containing Eucalyptus citriodora extracts. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:131001. [PMID: 38547951 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The main objective of this work is to develop biodegradable active films through the combination of the extracts with different solvents sourced from Eucalyptus citriodora leaves, with films made of chitosan (Cs) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Chromatographic profiling investigations were carried out to examine the antibacterial characteristics of E. citriodora extracts before their direct incorporation into the polymer films. At this point, the potent antimicrobial properties of the phenol compounds and bioactive components demonstrated an antibacterial activity that was particularly noticeable at a hexane resolution. Different morphological characteristics were seen on films made from these solvent extracts, such as Cs/PVP-AE, Cs/PVP-EAE, and Cs/PVP-HE, when scanning electron microscopy was used. Numerous other outcomes of all the interactions between the extract particles and the film were shown by the pores defined by the Cs/PVP film's porous nature. The addition of the extracts, either alone or in combination, greatly enhanced the Cs/NC/PVP films' mechanical characteristics. It has also been shown that adding plant extracts greatly increased the antibacterial activity of these films. These findings reveal that Cs/PVP films loaded with extract may be utilized as more environmentally acceptable substitutes for possible food packaging application by increasing shelf life of food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Aldalbahi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Badr M Thamer
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meera Moydeen Abdulhameed
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed H El-Newehy
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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Zhu XX, Yao KF, Huang HY, Wang LH. Associations between Geriatric Nutrition Risk Index, bone mineral density and body composition in type 2 diabetes patients. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:403-417. [PMID: 38591073 PMCID: PMC10999046 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i3.403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a fast-growing issue in public health, is one of the most common chronic metabolic disorders in older individuals. Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are highly prevalent in T2DM patients and may result in fractures and disabilities. In people with T2DM, the association between nutrition, sarcopenia, and osteoporosis has rarely been explored. AIM To evaluate the connections among nutrition, bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition in patients with T2DM. METHODS We enrolled 689 patients with T2DM for this cross-sectional study. All patients underwent dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) examination and were categorized according to baseline Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) values calculated from serum albumin levels and body weight. The GNRI was used to evaluate nutritional status, and DXA was used to investigate BMD and body composition. Multivariate forward linear regression analysis was used to identify the factors associated with BMD and skeletal muscle mass index. RESULTS Of the total patients, 394 were men and 295 were women. Compared with patients in tertile 1, those in tertile 3 who had a high GNRI tended to be younger and had lower HbA1c, higher BMD at all bone sites, and higher appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI). These important trends persisted even when the patients were divided into younger and older subgroups. The GNRI was positively related to ASMI (men: r = 0.644, P < 0.001; women: r = 0.649, P < 0.001), total body fat (men: r = 0.453, P < 0.001; women: r = 0.557, P < 0.001), BMD at all bone sites, lumbar spine (L1-L4) BMD (men: r = 0.110, P = 0.029; women: r = 0.256, P < 0.001), FN-BMD (men: r = 0.293, P < 0.001; women: r = 0.273, P < 0.001), and hip BMD (men: r = 0.358, P < 0.001; women: r = 0.377, P < 0.001). After adjustment for other clinical parameters, the GNRI was still significantly associated with BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck. Additionally, a low lean mass index and higher β-collagen special sequence were associated with low BMD at all bone sites. Age was negatively correlated with ASMI, whereas weight was positively correlated with ASMI. CONCLUSION Poor nutrition, as indicated by a low GNRI, was associated with low levels of ASMI and BMD at all bone sites in T2DM patients. Using the GNRI to evaluate nutritional status and using DXA to investigate body composition in patients with T2DM is of value in assessing bone health and physical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xiao Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Kai-Feng Yao
- Department of Nursing, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hai-Yan Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li-Hua Wang
- Department of Nursing, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
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Khan A, Kanpurwala MA, Khan RA, Mahmudi NF, Lohano V, Ahmed S, Khan M, Uddin F, Ali SM, Saghir M, Baqar Abidi SH, Kamal J. Impact of Treviamet® & Treviamet XR® on quality of life besides glycemic control in type 2 DM patients. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:244. [PMID: 37940936 PMCID: PMC10631090 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-023-01492-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maintaining the quality of life is the main objective of managing type 2 diabetes (T2DM) (QoL). Since it is a key factor in patient motivation and adherence, treatment-related QoL has always been considered when choosing glucose-lowering medicines. The objective of the study was to evaluate the quality of life besides glycemic control among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients receiving Treviamet® & Treviamet XR® (Sitagliptin with Metformin) in routine care. METHODS It was a prospective, open-label, non-randomized clinical trial including T2DM patients uncontrolled on Metformin therapy. All patients received Treviamet® & Treviamet XR® for six months. Sequential changes in QoL, fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, body weight, and blood pressure were monitored from baseline to 3 consecutive follow-up visits. The frequency of adverse events (AEs) was also noted throughout the study. RESULTS A total of 504 patients were screened; 188 completed all three follow-ups. The mean QoL score significantly declined from 57.09% at baseline to 33.64% at the 3rd follow-up visit (p < 0.01). Moreover, a significant decline in mean HbA1c and FPG levels was observed from baseline to 3rd follow-up visit (p < 0.01). Minor adverse events were observed, including abdominal discomfort, nausea, flatulence, and indigestion. Gender, HbA1c, diarrhea, and abdominal discomfort were significant predictors of a patient's QoL, as revealed by the Linear Regression Model (R2 = 0.265, F(16, 99) = 2.231). CONCLUSION Treviamet® & Treviamet XR® significantly improved glycemic control (HbA1c levels) and QoL in T2DM patients without serious adverse events. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT05167513), Date of registration: December 22, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asima Khan
- Public Health Department, Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adnan Kanpurwala
- Department of Physiology, Karachi Institute of Medical Sciences affiliated with NUMS, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Riasat Ali Khan
- Diabetes, Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Shakeel Ahmed
- Diabetes & Endocrinology Department, College of Family Medicine, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Majid Khan
- Memon Medical Complex, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | | | - Jahanzeb Kamal
- Medical Education, College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan, Karachi, Pakistan
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Song X, Lv Y, Huang N, Sun J, Yang T, Wang X, Zhang J, Zhou Z, Gao H, Li J, Zhang W, Yin H, Wei Q, Wang K, Li L. Clinical Characteristics of Inpatients With New-Onset Diabetes Mellitus in Eastern China: Based on Novel Clustering Analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:927661. [PMID: 35966053 PMCID: PMC9363570 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.927661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study aimed to explore the novel classification of inpatients with new-onset diabetes in Eastern China by the cluster-based classification method and compare the clinical characteristics among the different subgroups. Methods A total of 1017 Inpatients with new-onset diabetes of five hospitals in Eastern China were included in the study. Clustering analysis was used to cluster the data into five subgroups according to six basic variables. The differences in clinical characteristics, treatments, and the prevalence of diabetes-related diseases among the five subgroups were analyzed by multiple groups comparisons and pairwise comparisons. The risk of diabetes-related diseases in the five subgroups was compared by calculating odd ratio (OR). P value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results Five subgroups were obtained by clustering analysis with the highest proportion of patients with severe insulin-deficient diabetes (SIDD) 451 (44.35%), followed by patients with mild age-related diabetes (MARD) 236 (23.21%), patients with mild obesity-related diabetes (MOD) 207 (20.35%), patients with severe insulin-resistant diabetes (SIRD) 81 (7.96%), and patients with severe autoimmune diabetes (SAID) 42 (4.13%). Five subtypes had their own unique characteristics and treatments. The prevalence and risk of diabetes-related complications and comorbidities were also significantly different among the five subtypes. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) was the most common in SIRD group. Patients in SIDD, SIRD, and MARD groups were more likely to develop cardiovascular disease (CVD) and/or stroke, diabetic peripheral vascular disease (DPVD), and diabetic distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DSPN). The prevalence and risk of metabolic syndrome (MS) were the highest in MOD and SIRD groups. Patients in SAID group had the highest prevalence and risk of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Patients with MOD were more likely to develop non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Conclusions The inpatients with new-onset diabetes in Eastern China had the unique clustering distribution. The clinical characteristics, treatments, and diabetes-related complications and comorbidities of the five subgroups were different, which may provide the basis for precise treatments of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueke Song
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingqi Lv
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nan Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinfang Sun
- MoE Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziwei Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huihua Gao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xigang Community Health Service Center, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Central Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Second People’s Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu, China
| | - Han Yin
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiong Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Jiangning Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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