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Strutynskyi R, Strutynska N, Mys L, Goshovska Y, Korkach Y, Fedichkina R, Okhai I, Strutynskyi V, Sagach V. Glutathione Upregulates the Expression of K ATP Channels and Vasorelaxation Responses and Inhibits mPTP Opening and Oxidative Stress in the Heart Mitochondria of Old Rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:3562847. [PMID: 37265475 PMCID: PMC10232108 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3562847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Background In the present work, we investigated the effect of exogenous glutathione in old rats on the expression of ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels, the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening in the heart, and the vasorelaxation responses of isolated aortic rings to activation of KATP channels. Methods Experiments were performed on adult (6 months) and old (24 months) male Wistar rats, which were divided into three groups: adult, old, and glutathione-treated old rats. Glutathione was injected intraperitoneally at a dose of 52 mg/kg 1 hour before the studies. The mRNA expression of KATP channels was determined using reverse transcription and real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis. The effect of glutathione administration on mPTP opening, relaxation responses of isolated aortic rings, and oxidative stress markers was studied. Results It was shown that the expression levels of Kir6.1, Kir6.2, and SUR1 subunits of KATP channels and levels of reduced glutathione were significantly increased in glutathione-treated old rats (by 8.3, 2.8, 13.1, and 1.5-fold, respectively), whereas the levels of oxidative stress markers (hydrogen peroxide, diene conjugates, malondialdehyde, and rate of superoxide generation) in heart mitochondria and mPTP opening were significantly reduced. Relaxation of aortic rings was significantly increased in response to the actions of KATP channel openers flocalin and pinacidil in glutathione-treated animals, which was prevented by glibenclamide. Conclusions Thus, the administration of exogenous glutathione to old rats resulted in a significant increase in the expression levels of the Kir6.1, Kir6.2, and SUR1 subunits of KATP channels and a decrease in oxidative stress. This was accompanied by inhibition of mPTP opening and enhancement of vasorelaxation responses to activation of KATP channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruslan Strutynskyi
- Department of General and Molecular Pathophysiology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Bogomoletz Str., Kyiv 01024, Ukraine
| | - Nataliіa Strutynska
- Department of Blood Circulation, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Bogomoletz Str., Kyiv 01024, Ukraine
| | - Lidiia Mys
- Department of Blood Circulation, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Bogomoletz Str., Kyiv 01024, Ukraine
| | - Yulia Goshovska
- Department of Blood Circulation, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Bogomoletz Str., Kyiv 01024, Ukraine
| | - Yuliia Korkach
- Department of Blood Circulation, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Bogomoletz Str., Kyiv 01024, Ukraine
| | - Raisa Fedichkina
- Department of Blood Circulation, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Bogomoletz Str., Kyiv 01024, Ukraine
| | - Iryna Okhai
- Department of Blood Circulation, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Bogomoletz Str., Kyiv 01024, Ukraine
| | - Vladyslav Strutynskyi
- Department of Immunophysiology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Bogomoletz Str., Kyiv 01024, Ukraine
| | - Vadym Sagach
- Department of Blood Circulation, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Bogomoletz Str., Kyiv 01024, Ukraine
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Zhao J, Liang D, Xie T, Qiang J, Sun Q, Yang L, Wang W. Nicorandil Exerts Anticonvulsant Effects in Pentylenetetrazol-Induced Seizures and Maximal-Electroshock-Induced Seizures by Downregulating Excitability in Hippocampal Pyramidal Neurons. Neurochem Res 2023:10.1007/s11064-023-03932-w. [PMID: 37076745 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03932-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
N-(2-hydroxyethyl) nicotinamide nitrate (nicorandil), a nitrate that activates adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels, is generally used in the treatment of angina and offers long-term cardioprotective effects. It has been reported that several KATP channel openers can effectively alleviate the symptoms of seizure. The purpose of this study was to investigate the improvement in seizures induced by nicorandil. In this study, seizure tests were used to evaluate the effect of different doses of nicorandil by analysing seizure incidence, including minimal clonic seizure and generalised tonic-clonic seizure. We used a maximal electroshock seizure (MES) model, a metrazol maximal seizure (MMS) model and a chronic pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizure model to evaluate the effect of nicorandil in improving seizures. Each mouse in the MES model was given an electric shock, while those in the nicorandil group received 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 6 mg/kg of nicorandil by intraperitoneal injection, respectively. In the MMS model, the mice in the PTZ group and the nicorandil group were injected subcutaneously with PTZ (90 mg/kg), and the mice in the nicorandil group were injected intraperitoneally with 1, 3 and 5 mg/kg nicorandil, respectively. In the chronic PTZ-induced seizure model, the mice in the PTZ group and the nicorandil group were injected intraperitoneally with PTZ (40 mg/kg), and the mice in the nicorandil group were each given 1 and 3 mg/kg of PTZ at a volume of 200 nL. Brain slices containing the hippocampus were prepared, and cell-attached recording was used to record the spontaneous firing of pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region. Nicorandil (i.p.) significantly increased both the maximum electroconvulsive protection rate in the MES model and the seizure latency in the MMS model. Nicorandil infused directly onto the hippocampal CA1 region via an implanted cannula relieved symptoms in chronic PTZ-induced seizures. The excitability of pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region of the mice was significantly increased after both the acute and chronic administration of PTZ. To a certain extent, nicorandil reversed the increase in both firing frequency and proportion of burst spikes caused by PTZ (P < 0.05). Our results suggest that nicorandil functions by downregulating the excitability of pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region of mice and is a potential candidate for the treatment of seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Liang
- Department of Neurology, Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Xie
- Department of Neurology, Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Qiang
- Department of Neurology, Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Neurology, Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiping Wang
- Department of Neurology, Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
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Bedair AF, Wahid A, El-Mezayen NS, Afify EA. Nicorandil reduces morphine withdrawal symptoms, potentiates morphine antinociception, and ameliorates liver fibrosis in rats. Life Sci 2023; 319:121522. [PMID: 36822314 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Chronic liver disease (CLD) is a serious medical condition affecting patients globally and pain management poses a unique challenge. ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP) are expressed in nociceptive neurons and hepatic cells. We tested the hypothesis whether morphine and nicorandil, KATP channel opener, alone and in combination possess hepatoprotective, antinociceptive effect and alter morphine physical dependence. MAIN METHODS Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver fibrosis in male Wistar rats. Nicorandil (15 mg/kg/day) was administered per os for two weeks. Morphine (3.8, 5, 10 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered prior to antinociception testing in tail flick and formalin tests. Morphine physical dependence following naloxone injection, fibrotic, oxidative stress markers, and liver histopathology were assessed. KEY FINDINGS Morphine alone, produced insignificant changes of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), hyaluronic acid (HA), hepatic hydroxyproline (Hyp), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels and exerted significant antinociception in the pain models. Nicorandil alone protected against liver damage (decreased serum ALT, AST, HA, hepatic Hyp, MDA, increased SOD levels, improved fibrosis scores). Nicorandil/morphine combination produced remarkable hepatoprotection and persistent analgesia compared to morphine alone as evidenced by reduced (EC50) of morphine. Nicorandil augmented morphine analgesia and markedly decreased withdrawal signs in morphine-dependent rats. SIGNIFICANCE The data showed for the first time, the hepatoprotection and augmented antinociception mediated by nicorandil/morphine combination in liver fibrosis via antioxidant and antifibrotic mechanisms. Nicorandil ameliorated withdrawal signs in morphine dependence in CLD. Thus, combining nicorandil/morphine provides a novel treatment strategy to ameliorate hepatic injury, potentiate antinociception and overcome morphine-induced physical dependence in liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asser F Bedair
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Wahid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Nesrine S El-Mezayen
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Elham A Afify
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt.
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Navale GR, Singh S, Ghosh K. NO donors as the wonder molecules with therapeutic potential: Recent trends and future perspectives. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Exploring the effects of edaravone in rats with contrast-induced acute kidney injury. Life Sci 2022; 309:121006. [PMID: 36174711 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Oxidative stress and inflammatory response play a vital role in the pathogenesis of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI). This study investigated the effects of edaravone in rats with CI-AKI. MAIN METHODS Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned into four groups (n = 11-14/group): control, edaravone (30 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally (IP)), CI-AKI, and edaravone with CI-AKI. The induction of CI-AKI was performed by dehydration and the administration of contrast media (iohexol) and inhibitors of prostaglandin (indomethacin) and nitric oxide synthesis (L-NAME: N-nitro L-arginine methyl ester). Edaravone was administered for two weeks before the induction of CI-AKI. Serum creatinine and urea, renal oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers, and histopathological alterations were evaluated after 48 h of contrast exposure. KEY FINDINGS Rats with CI-AKI showed a significant increase in serum creatinine and urea. The levels of antioxidant biomarkers including glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione were significantly decreased in CI-AKI group versus control. Pre-treatment of rats with edaravone normalized kidney function and protected the kidney from oxidative damage as demonstrated by normalization of previous biomarkers. Furthermore, edaravone partially ameliorated renal histopathological alterations relative to the CI-AKI group, notably in the nephrons. No changes were observed in inflammatory biomarkers including tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 among all groups. SIGNIFICANCE The current findings suggest that edaravone could be a potential strategy to ameliorate developing CI-AKI possibly by improving renal antioxidant capacity. Further studies are warranted to expand the current understanding of the use of edaravone in the various models of AKI.
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Sánchez-Duarte S, Montoya-Pérez R, Márquez-Gamiño S, Vera-Delgado KS, Caudillo-Cisneros C, Sotelo-Barroso F, Sánchez-Briones LA, Sánchez-Duarte E. Apocynin Attenuates Diabetes-Induced Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction by Mitigating ROS Generation and Boosting Antioxidant Defenses in Fast-Twitch and Slow-Twitch Muscles. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12050674. [PMID: 35629342 PMCID: PMC9146446 DOI: 10.3390/life12050674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to diabetes mellitus, skeletal muscle is negatively affected, as is evident by reduced contractile force production, increased muscle fatigability, and increased levels of oxidative stress biomarkers. Apocynin is a widely used NADPH oxidase inhibitor, with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. It has been effective for amelioration of a variety of disorders, including diabetic complications. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the effects and action mechanisms of apocynin in slow- and fast-twitch diabetic rat muscles. Male Wistar rats were rendered diabetic by applying intraperitoneally a single dose of streptozotocin (45 mg/kg). Apocynin treatment (3 mg/kg/day) was administered over 8 weeks. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin tolerance and body weight gain were measured. Both slow (soleus) and fast (extensor digitorum longus, EDL) skeletal muscles were used for muscle function evaluation, oxidative stress markers, and evaluating gene expression using qRT-PCR. Treatment with apocynin significantly reduced FBG levels and enhanced insulin tolerance. Apocynin also prevented muscle contractile dysfunction in EDL muscle but had no significant effect on this parameter in soleus muscles. However, in both types of muscles, apocynin mitigated the oxidative stress by decreasing ROS levels and increasing total glutathione levels and redox state. Concomitantly, apocynin also statistically enhanced Nrf-2 and GLU4 mRNA expression and downregulated NOX2, NOX4, and NF-κB mRNA. Collectively, apocynin exhibits properties myoprotective in diabetic animals. These findings indicate that apocynin predominantly acts as an antioxidant in fast-twitch and slow-twitch muscles but has differential impact on contractile function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarai Sánchez-Duarte
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Francisco J. Mújica s/n, Col. Felicitas del Río, Morelia 58030, Michoacán, Mexico; (S.S.-D.); (R.M.-P.)
| | - Rocío Montoya-Pérez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Francisco J. Mújica s/n, Col. Felicitas del Río, Morelia 58030, Michoacán, Mexico; (S.S.-D.); (R.M.-P.)
| | - Sergio Márquez-Gamiño
- Departamento de Ciencias Aplicadas al Trabajo, Universidad de Guanajuato Campus León, Eugenio Garza Sada 572, Lomas del Campestre Sección 2, León 37150, Guanajuato, Mexico; (S.M.-G.); (K.S.V.-D.); (C.C.-C.); (F.S.-B.); (L.A.S.-B.)
| | - Karla S. Vera-Delgado
- Departamento de Ciencias Aplicadas al Trabajo, Universidad de Guanajuato Campus León, Eugenio Garza Sada 572, Lomas del Campestre Sección 2, León 37150, Guanajuato, Mexico; (S.M.-G.); (K.S.V.-D.); (C.C.-C.); (F.S.-B.); (L.A.S.-B.)
| | - Cipriana Caudillo-Cisneros
- Departamento de Ciencias Aplicadas al Trabajo, Universidad de Guanajuato Campus León, Eugenio Garza Sada 572, Lomas del Campestre Sección 2, León 37150, Guanajuato, Mexico; (S.M.-G.); (K.S.V.-D.); (C.C.-C.); (F.S.-B.); (L.A.S.-B.)
| | - Fernando Sotelo-Barroso
- Departamento de Ciencias Aplicadas al Trabajo, Universidad de Guanajuato Campus León, Eugenio Garza Sada 572, Lomas del Campestre Sección 2, León 37150, Guanajuato, Mexico; (S.M.-G.); (K.S.V.-D.); (C.C.-C.); (F.S.-B.); (L.A.S.-B.)
| | - Luis A. Sánchez-Briones
- Departamento de Ciencias Aplicadas al Trabajo, Universidad de Guanajuato Campus León, Eugenio Garza Sada 572, Lomas del Campestre Sección 2, León 37150, Guanajuato, Mexico; (S.M.-G.); (K.S.V.-D.); (C.C.-C.); (F.S.-B.); (L.A.S.-B.)
| | - Elizabeth Sánchez-Duarte
- Departamento de Ciencias Aplicadas al Trabajo, Universidad de Guanajuato Campus León, Eugenio Garza Sada 572, Lomas del Campestre Sección 2, León 37150, Guanajuato, Mexico; (S.M.-G.); (K.S.V.-D.); (C.C.-C.); (F.S.-B.); (L.A.S.-B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-1477-2670-4900 (ext. 4833)
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Li Z, Lei X, Chen X, Yin Q, Shen J, Yao J. Long-term and combined effects of N-[2-(nitrooxy)ethyl]-3-pyridinecarboxamide and fumaric acid on methane production, rumen fermentation, and lactation performance in dairy goats. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2021; 12:125. [PMID: 34865657 PMCID: PMC8647438 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-021-00645-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, nitrooxy compounds have been identified as promising inhibitors of methanogenesis in ruminants. However, when animals receive a nitrooxy compound, a high portion of the spared hydrogen is eructated as gas, which partly offsets the energy savings of CH4 mitigation. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the long-term and combined effects of supplementation with N-[2-(nitrooxy)ethyl]-3-pyridinecarboxamide (NPD), a methanogenesis inhibitor, and fumaric acid (FUM), a hydrogen sink, on enteric CH4 production, rumen fermentation, bacterial populations, apparent nutrient digestibility, and lactation performance of dairy goats. RESULTS Twenty-four primiparous dairy goats were used in a randomized complete block design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments: supplementation without or with FUM (32 g/d) or NPD (0.5 g/d). All samples were collected every 3 weeks during a 12-week feeding experiment. Both FUM and NPD supplementation persistently inhibited CH4 yield (L/kg DMI, by 18.8% and 18.1%, respectively) without negative influence on DMI or apparent nutrient digestibility. When supplemented in combination, no additive CH4 suppression was observed. FUM showed greater responses in increasing the molar proportion of propionate when supplemented with NPD than supplemented alone (by 10.2% vs. 4.4%). The rumen microbiota structure in the animals receiving FUM was different from that of the other animals, particularly changed the structure of phylum Firmicutes. Daily milk production and serum total antioxidant capacity were improved by NPD, but the contents of milk fat and protein were decreased, probably due to the bioactivity of absorbed NPD on body metabolism. CONCLUSIONS Supplementing NPD and FUM in combination is a promising way to persistently inhibit CH4 emissions with a higher rumen propionate proportion. However, the side effects of this nitrooxy compound on animals and its residues in animal products need further evaluation before it can be used as an animal feed additive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongjun Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinjian Lei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoxu Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qingyan Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Junhu Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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