Neonatal leukaemia cutis

Aleukemic congenital leukemia cutis preceding monocytic leukemia with favorable outcome: A case report

A newborn girl had typical "blueberry muffin" skin lesions, which shows histopathologic features of monocytic leukemia cutis. The systemic leukemia was demonstrated after one month of life. She was treated by chemotherapy, including induction and three consolidation cures, according to the ELAM02 protocol, which led to complete remission. This case report with congenital form of AML5 cutaneous localization, preceding systemic involvement, with a 5-year follow-up and positive outcome is remarkable.

Enlarged Abdominal Lymph Node as a Cause of Polyhydramnios in the Course of Congenital Neonatal Leukaemia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature on Foetal Abdominal Tumours with Coexisting Polyhydramnios

Polyhydramnios represents a complication found in 0.2–2% of pregnancies, and it is usually diagnosed between 31 and 36 weeks of pregnancy. Although most cases of polyhydramnios are idiopathic, maternal diabetes or foetal malformations constitute frequent causes of the excessive accumulation of the amniotic fluid. Considering the latter, polyhydramnios may rarely be caused by foetal abdominal tumours, with the incidence rate of 2–14 cases per 100,000 live births. Congenital neonatal leukaemia (CNL) is a rare disease with a reported incidence rate of 5–8.6 cases per million live births. In the prenatal period, the ultrasound abnormalities associated with CNL include hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. In this paper, we presented a case of polyhydramnios caused by mechanical pressure on the foetal gastrointestinal tract by an enlarged lymph node in the course of CNL, as well as reviewing the available literature on foetal abdominal tumours with concurrent polyhydramnios.

Neonatal Dermatology: The Normal, the Common, and the Serious

The objective of this review is to help practitioners of neonatal and pediatric medicine become more familiar with diagnosing and managing neonatal skin conditions. This article will discuss normal neonatal skin care and benign and common rashes, as well as some of the serious dermatologic conditions that require specialists for further evaluation and/or treatment.

Maternal Babesia infection associated with neonatal extramedullary hematopoiesis and acute myeloid leukemia in late infancy

Background

We describe a term neonate who was exposed to maternal mid-gestation infection with Babesia microti and prenatal antimicrobic treatment with quinine, azithromycin, atovaquone, and clindamycin.

Case description

The neonate was born with a “blueberry muffin rash” and was diagnosed with extramedullary hematopoiesis (EHM) after ruling out congenital infection and malignancy. At 8 months of age, he presented with M5 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with a t(8:16)(p11;13) translocation. This translocation is described in adult patients with treatment-related AML, suggesting sensitivity of the genome to extrinsic toxicity.

Conclusion

We postulate that the biologic stress and treatment of maternal babesiosis played a role in the development of the rare form of AML seen in our patient.

Dermoscopic findings in neonatal leukemia cutis

Leukemia cutis is the direct infiltration of cutaneous tissues by leukemic cells and can present as a blueberry muffin baby. We present a case of neonatal leukemia cutis highlighting its dermoscopic features, the presence of fine telangiectatic arborizing vessels distributed within a pink background within all lesions.