Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome, from non-invasive dermatologic assessment to gene testing, molecular and ultrastructural histologic analysis

Are clinicians successful in diagnosing cutaneous adnexal tumors? a retrospective, clinicopathological study

Background/aim

Cutaneous adnexal tumors (CAT) are rare tumors originating from the adnexal epithelial parts of the skin. Due to its clinical and histopathological characteristics comparable with other diseases, clinicians and pathologists experience difficulties in its diagnosis.We aimed to reveal the clinical and histopathological characteristics of the retrospectively screened cases and to compare the prediagnoses and histopathological diagnoses of clinicians.

Materials and methods

The data of the last 5 years were scanned and patients with histopathological diagnosis of CAT were included in the study.

Results

A total of 65 patients, including 39 female and 26 male patients aged between 8 and 88, were included in the study. The female to male ratio was 1.5, and the mean age of the patients was 46.15 ± 21.8 years. The benign tumor rate was 95.4%, whereas the malignant tumor rate was 4.6%. 38.5% of the tumors were presenting sebaceous, 35.4% of them were presenting follicular, and 18.5% of them were presenting eccrine differentiation. It was most commonly seen in the head-neck region with a rate of 66.1%. When clinical and histopathological prediagnoses were compared, prediagnoses and histopathological diagnoses were compatible in 45% of the cases. Most frequently, it was the basal cell carcinoma, epidermal cyst, and sebaceous hyperplasia identified in preliminary diagnoses.

Conclusion

Cutaneous adnexal tumors are very important, as they can accompany different syndromes and may be malignant. Due to difficulties in its clinical diagnosis, histopathological examination must be performed from suspicious lesions for definitive diagnosis.