1
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Cappilli S, Paradisi A, Di Stefani A, Palmisano G, Pellegrino L, D’Onghia M, Ricci C, Tognetti L, Verzì AE, Rubegni P, Del Marmol V, Lacarrubba F, Cinotti E, Suppa M, Peris K. Line-Field Confocal Optical Coherence Tomography: A New Skin Imaging Technique Reproducing a "Virtual Biopsy" with Evolving Clinical Applications in Dermatology. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1821. [PMID: 39202308 PMCID: PMC11353504 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14161821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography is a novel technology able to reproduce a "virtual biopsy" of the skin. The aim of this review is to explore the application of line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) in various skin diseases, covering skin cancers, inflammatory and infectious skin diseases, genetic diseases, cosmetic procedures, and less common disorders. METHODS Study selection was conducted based on LC-OCT and using pertinent MeSh terms, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines from inception to March 2024; to evaluate the quality and risk of bias of studies, Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) was used. RESULTS the search retrieved 154 papers according to the selection criteria; after removing publications by one or more of the exclusion criteria, a total of 96 studies were found to be suitable for the analysis. CONCLUSIONS Increasing evidence supports the use of LC-OCT as an adjunctive diagnostic tool for the in vivo diagnosis of a variety of skin tumors. As this device can be considered a "bridge" between dermoscopy and histopathology, widening applications in numerous fields of clinical dermatology, including inflammatory skin disease treatment, presurgical mapping, cosmetic procedures, and monitoring of non-invasive therapies, have been explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Cappilli
- Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (A.D.S.); (G.P.); (L.P.); (K.P.)
- UOC di Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli—IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Paradisi
- Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (A.D.S.); (G.P.); (L.P.); (K.P.)
- UOC di Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli—IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Di Stefani
- Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (A.D.S.); (G.P.); (L.P.); (K.P.)
- UOC di Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli—IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Gerardo Palmisano
- Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (A.D.S.); (G.P.); (L.P.); (K.P.)
- UOC di Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli—IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Pellegrino
- Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (A.D.S.); (G.P.); (L.P.); (K.P.)
- UOC di Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli—IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Martina D’Onghia
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.D.); (P.R.); (E.C.)
| | - Costantino Ricci
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Linda Tognetti
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.D.); (P.R.); (E.C.)
| | - Anna Elisa Verzì
- Dermatology Clinic, University of Catania, 95131 Catania, Italy; (A.E.V.); (F.L.)
| | - Pietro Rubegni
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.D.); (P.R.); (E.C.)
| | - Veronique Del Marmol
- Department of Dermatology, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (V.D.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Francesco Lacarrubba
- Dermatology Clinic, University of Catania, 95131 Catania, Italy; (A.E.V.); (F.L.)
| | - Elisa Cinotti
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.D.); (P.R.); (E.C.)
| | - Mariano Suppa
- Department of Dermatology, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (V.D.M.); (M.S.)
- Groupe d’Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI), Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD), 42055 Paris, France
- Department of Dermatology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ketty Peris
- Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (A.D.S.); (G.P.); (L.P.); (K.P.)
- UOC di Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli—IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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2
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Barbarossa L, Lamberti A, Ricci C, Suppa M, Cinotti E, Rubegni P, Tognetti L. Non-Invasive Imaging of Basal Cell Carcinoma with Neuroendocrine Differentiation with Line-Field Confocal Optical Coherence Tomography. Dermatol Pract Concept 2024; 14:dpc.1403a173. [PMID: 39122547 PMCID: PMC11314655 DOI: 10.5826/dpc.1403a173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Barbarossa
- Dermatology Section, Department of Medical, Surgical, and Neurological Sciences, Santa Maria Alle Scotte Hospital, Siena, Italy
| | - Arianna Lamberti
- Dermatology Section, Department of Medical, Surgical, and Neurological Sciences, Santa Maria Alle Scotte Hospital, Siena, Italy
| | - Costantino Ricci
- Pathology Unit, Maggiore Hospital, AUSL Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mariano Suppa
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, HUB, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
- Department of Dermatology, Institut Jules Bordet, HUB, Université Libre de Bruxelles, HUB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elisa Cinotti
- Dermatology Section, Department of Medical, Surgical, and Neurological Sciences, Santa Maria Alle Scotte Hospital, Siena, Italy
| | - Pietro Rubegni
- Dermatology Section, Department of Medical, Surgical, and Neurological Sciences, Santa Maria Alle Scotte Hospital, Siena, Italy
| | - Linda Tognetti
- Dermatology Section, Department of Medical, Surgical, and Neurological Sciences, Santa Maria Alle Scotte Hospital, Siena, Italy
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3
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Fünfer K, Mozaffari M, Mayer O, Schlingmann S, Welzel J, Schuh S. One-Stop Shop: Diagnosis and Treatment of Basal Cell Carcinoma in One Step. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3830. [PMID: 38999395 PMCID: PMC11242514 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13133830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Monitoring the tumor margins of basal cell carcinomas is still a challenge in everyday clinical practice. Usually, the clinical margins of the tumor are marked by the naked eye or, even better, with dermoscopy before surgery and then examined in detail after the operation using histological examination. In order to achieve tumor freedom, several surgical steps are sometimes necessary, meaning that patients spend longer periods in hospital and the healthcare system is burdened more as a result. One way to improve this is the one-stop shop method, which requires precise diagnostics and margin marking before and during surgery so that tumor freedom can be achieved after just one surgery. For this reason, the current status of the diagnosis and treatment of basal cell carcinomas before and after surgery is to be examined following extensive literature research using devices and methods that have already been tested in order to determine how a simplified process of tumor margin control of basal cell carcinomas can be made possible both in vivo and ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Fünfer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital, 86179 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Marco Mozaffari
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital, 86179 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Mayer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital, 86179 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Sophia Schlingmann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital, 86179 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Julia Welzel
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital, 86179 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Sandra Schuh
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital, 86179 Augsburg, Germany
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4
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Soglia S, Pérez-Anker J, Albero R, Alós L, Berot V, Castillo P, Cinotti E, Del Marmol V, Fakih A, García A, Lenoir C, Monnier J, Perrot JL, Puig S, Rubegni P, Skowron F, Suppa M, Tognetti L, Venturini M, Malvehy J. Understanding the anatomy of dermoscopy of melanocytic skin tumours: Correlation in vivo with line-field optical coherence tomography. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2024; 38:1191-1201. [PMID: 38131528 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early melanoma detection is the main factor affecting prognosis and survival. For that reason, non-invasive technologies have been developed to provide a more accurate diagnosis. Recently, line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) was developed to provide an in vivo, imaging device, with deep penetration and cellular resolution in three dimensions. Combining the advantages of conventional OCT and reflectance confocal microscopy, this tool seems to be particularly suitable for melanocytic lesions. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to identify and describe the correlation between specific dermoscopic criteria and LC-OCT features in three dimensions associated with melanocytic lesions. METHODS Dermoscopic and LC-OCT images of 126 melanocytic lesions were acquired in three different centres. The following dermoscopic criteria have been considered: reticular pattern, dots and globules, structureless areas, blue-whitish veil, regression structures, negative network, homogeneous pattern, streaks and blotches. RESULTS 69 (55%) benign and 57 (45%) malignant lesions were analysed. A regular reticular pattern was found associated in the 75% of the cases with the presence of elongated rete ridges with pigmented cells along the basal layer, while atypical reticular pattern showed an irregular organization of rete ridges with melanocytic hyperplasia, broadened and fused ridges and elongated nests. Both typical and atypical dots and globules were found associated with melanocytic nests in the dermis or at the dermoepidermal junction (DEJ), as well as with keratin cysts/pseudocysts. Grey globules corresponded to the presence of melanin-containing dermal inflammatory cells (melanophages) within the papillae. Structureless brown/black areas correlated with alterations of the DEJ. We observed the same DEJ alterations, but with the presence of dermal melanophages, in 36% of the cases of blue/white/grey structureless areas. A description of each LC-OCT/dermoscopy correlation was made. CONCLUSIONS LC-OCT permitted for the first time to perform an in vivo, 3D correlation between dermoscopic criteria and pathological-like features of melanocytic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Soglia
- Melanoma Unit, Dermatology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Dermatology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - J Pérez-Anker
- Melanoma Unit, Dermatology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Albero
- Pathology Department, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Alós
- Pathology Department, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - V Berot
- Dermatology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - P Castillo
- Pathology Department, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Cinotti
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de Dermatologie, Paris, France
| | - V Del Marmol
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, HUB, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Fakih
- Dermatology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - A García
- Pathology Department, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Lenoir
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, HUB, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - J Monnier
- Dermatology Department, AP-HM, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - J L Perrot
- Dermatology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
- Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de Dermatologie, Paris, France
- Laboratoire de tribologie des systèmes UMR CNRS 5513, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - S Puig
- Melanoma Unit, Dermatology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Belgium
| | - P Rubegni
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - F Skowron
- Dermatology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - M Suppa
- Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de Dermatologie, Paris, France
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, HUB, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Dermato-Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet, HUB, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - L Tognetti
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - M Venturini
- Department of Dermatology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - J Malvehy
- Melanoma Unit, Dermatology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Belgium
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5
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Barbarossa L, D’Onghia M, Cartocci A, Suppa M, Tognetti L, Cappilli S, Peris K, Perez-Anker J, Malvehy J, Baldino G, Militello C, Perrot JL, Rubegni P, Cinotti E. Understanding the Dermoscopic Patterns of Basal Cell Carcinoma Using Line-Field Confocal Tomography. Tomography 2024; 10:826-838. [PMID: 38921940 PMCID: PMC11209319 DOI: 10.3390/tomography10060063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most frequent malignancy in the general population. To date, dermoscopy is considered a key tool for the diagnosis of BCC; nevertheless, line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT), a new non-invasive optical technique, has become increasingly important in clinical practice, allowing for in vivo imaging at cellular resolution. The present study aimed to investigate the possible correlation between the dermoscopic features of BCC and their LC-OCT counterparts. In total, 100 histopathologically confirmed BCC cases were collected at the Dermatologic Clinic of the University of Siena, Italy. Predefined dermoscopic and LC-OCT criteria were retrospectively evaluated, and their frequencies were calculated. The mean (SD) age of our cohort was 65.46 (13.36) years. Overall, BCC lesions were mainly located on the head (49%), and they were predominantly dermoscopically pigmented (59%). Interestingly, all dermoscopic features considered had a statistically significant agreement with the LC-OCT criteria (all p < 0.05). In conclusion, our results showed that dermoscopic patterns may be associated with LC-OCT findings, potentially increasing accuracy in BCC diagnosis. However, further studies are needed in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Barbarossa
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy (L.T.); (P.R.); (E.C.)
| | - Martina D’Onghia
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy (L.T.); (P.R.); (E.C.)
| | - Alessandra Cartocci
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy (L.T.); (P.R.); (E.C.)
| | - Mariano Suppa
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, HUB, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Linda Tognetti
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy (L.T.); (P.R.); (E.C.)
| | - Simone Cappilli
- Department of Dermatology, Sacred Heart Catholic University, 00168 Rome, Italy; (S.C.)
| | - Ketty Peris
- Department of Dermatology, Sacred Heart Catholic University, 00168 Rome, Italy; (S.C.)
| | - Javiera Perez-Anker
- Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Malvehy
- Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gennaro Baldino
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Caterina Militello
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Jean Luc Perrot
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Pietro Rubegni
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy (L.T.); (P.R.); (E.C.)
| | - Elisa Cinotti
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy (L.T.); (P.R.); (E.C.)
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Ariasi C, Licata G, Perazzolli G, Tonon F, Venturini M, Calzavara-Pinton PG, Soglia S. Features of tattoo-associated cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia on reflectance confocal microscopy and line-field confocal optical coherence tomography. Australas J Dermatol 2024; 65:e50-e55. [PMID: 38439201 DOI: 10.1111/ajd.14246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The popularity of tattoos has led to an increase in associated skin reactions, including complications such as infection, allergic reactions and rare conditions such as tattoo-induced cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia (CLH). CLH is a benign lymphoproliferative reaction with clinical features resembling malignant cutaneous lymphomas. Non-invasive diagnostic tools like reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) and the new line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) are being studied in dermatology better to understand the morphological patterns of many dermatological diseases. Between September 2021 and May 2023, patients with suspicious lesions for tattoo-related CLH were analysed using RCM and LC-OCT before confirming the diagnosis of CLH through skin biopsy and histopathological examination. The study included five cases of CLH. It focused on the analysis of high-quality LC-OCT images/videos and RCM images to investigate the features of CLH in tattooed individuals. Most (80%) cases exhibited a mixed T and B lymphocyte infiltration subtype, while 20% showed a predominant T infiltration subtype. RCM and LC-OCT revealed characteristic features, including architectural disarray, fibrosis, lymphoid infiltrates, and pigment deposits in the epidermis and dermis. Non-invasive tools such as RCM and LC-OCT are valuable in diagnosing tattoo-related CLH. While skin biopsy remains the current standard for diagnosis, RCM and LC-OCT can serve as helpful adjuncts in identifying the most representative area for biopsy. They may potentially become alternative diagnostic options in the future, offering benefits in terms of cost, diagnostic efficiency, aesthetics and patient satisfaction as the prevalence of tattoo-related adverse reactions continues to rise.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ariasi
- Department of Dermatology, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - G Licata
- Department of Dermatology Unit, San Antonio Abate Hospital, Trapani, Italy
| | - G Perazzolli
- Department of Dermatology, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - F Tonon
- Department of Dermatology, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - M Venturini
- Department of Dermatology, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - P G Calzavara-Pinton
- Department of Dermatology, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - S Soglia
- Department of Dermatology, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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7
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Razi S, Truong TM, Khan S, Sanabria B, Rao B. Hydradermabrasion through the lens of Line-Field Confocal Optical Coherence Tomography. Skin Res Technol 2024; 30:e13684. [PMID: 38558475 PMCID: PMC10983707 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydradermabrasion, also known as "HydraFacial," is an exfoliative cosmetic procedure for skin rejuvenation that has gained popularity. Despite its increasing popularity, clinical studies validating its efficacy with non-invasive assessment of histological changes to the skin, are scarce. In this study, we used Line-Field Confocal Optical Coherence Tomography (LC-OCT), an optical imaging device, to non-invasively visualize microscopic changes to skin anatomy after hydradermabrasion treatment. MATERIALS/METHODS Eight volunteers (Fitzpatrick skin types II-V) were recruited for this study. Images, using LC-OCT (DeepLive, DAMAE medical) were obtained before and after hydradermabrasion and at 2 weeks post-treatment. A commercially available hydradermabrasion device was utilized to perform the dermabrasion. RESULTS In the epidermis, initially, a decrease in the average thickness of the stratum corneum, from 9.42 to 6.67 µm was visualized in LC-OCT images after hydradermabrasion. However, at 2 weeks of follow-up, the average stratum corneum thickness was 9.75 µm, resulting in an overall increase in the average thickness after treatment. Improved homogenization of the stratum corneum and decreased number of undulations in the epidermis post-treatment were also visualized. In all the subjects, the superficial dermis appeared stretched, which returned to baseline by the 2-week follow-up. At the 2-week follow-up, there were no visible differences in the quality and quantity of collagen fibers in the dermis. CONCLUSION In our study, LC-OCT images of the epidermis and dermis demonstrated microscopic features of skin rejuvenation when treated with hydradermabrasion. Thus, not only highlighting the efficacy of hydradermabrasion but also the potential of LC-OCT to serve as a tool for visualizing the microscopic effects of cosmetic procedures on skin anatomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazli Razi
- Rao DermatologyAtlantic HighlandsNew JerseyUSA
- Department of Internal MedicineJersey Shore University Medical CenterNeptuneNew JerseyUSA
| | - Thu Minh Truong
- Rao DermatologyAtlantic HighlandsNew JerseyUSA
- Center for DermatologyRutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolSomersetNew JerseyUSA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineRutgers New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkNew JerseyUSA
| | - Samavia Khan
- Rao DermatologyAtlantic HighlandsNew JerseyUSA
- Center for DermatologyRutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolSomersetNew JerseyUSA
- Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolPiscatawayNew JerseyUSA
| | - Bianca Sanabria
- Rao DermatologyAtlantic HighlandsNew JerseyUSA
- Center for DermatologyRutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolSomersetNew JerseyUSA
- Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolPiscatawayNew JerseyUSA
| | - Babar Rao
- Rao DermatologyAtlantic HighlandsNew JerseyUSA
- Center for DermatologyRutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolSomersetNew JerseyUSA
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8
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Jacobsen K, Ortner VK, Wenande E, Sahu A, Paasch U, Haedersdal M. Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography in dermato-oncology: A literature review towards harmonized histopathology-integrated terminology. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e15057. [PMID: 38623958 DOI: 10.1111/exd.15057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Non-invasive diagnostics like line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) are being implemented in dermato-oncology. However, unification of terminology in LC-OCT is lacking. By reviewing the LC-OCT literature in the field of dermato-oncology, this study aimed to develop a unified terminological glossary integrated with traditional histopathology. A PRISMA-guided literature-search was conducted for English-language publications on LC-OCT of actinic keratosis (AK), keratinocyte carcinoma (KC), and malignant melanoma (MM). Study characteristics and terminology were compiled. To harmonize LC-OCT terminology and integrate with histopathology, synonymous terms for image features of AK, KC, and MM were merged by two authors, organized by skin layer and lesion-type. A subset of key LC-OCT image-markers with histopathological correlates that in combination were typical of AK, squamous cell carcinoma in situ (SCCis), invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and MM in traditional histopathology, were selected from the glossary by an experienced dermatopathologist. Seventeen observational studies of AK (7 studies), KC (13 studies), MM (7 studies) utilizing LC-OCT were included, with 117 terms describing either AK, KC, or MM. These were merged to produce 45 merged-terms (61.5% reduction); 5 assigned to the stratum corneum (SC), 23 to the viable epidermis, 2 to dermo-epidermal junction (DEJ) and 15 to the dermis. For each lesion, mandatory key image-markers were a well-defined DEJ and presence of mild/moderate but not severe epidermal dysplasia for AK, severe epidermal dysplasia and well-defined DEJ for SCCis, interrupted DEJ and/or dermal broad infiltrative strands for invasive SCC, dermal lobules connected and/or unconnected to the epidermis for BCC, as well as single atypical melanocytes and/or nest of atypical melanocytes in the epidermis or dermis for MM. This review compiles evidence on LC-OCT in dermato-oncology, providing a harmonized histopathology-integrated terminology and key image-markers for each lesion. Further evaluation is required to determine the clinical value of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Jacobsen
- Department of Dermatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vinzent Kevin Ortner
- Department of Dermatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emily Wenande
- Department of Dermatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Aditi Sahu
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Merete Haedersdal
- Department of Dermatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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9
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Michelini S, Mandel VD, Ardigò M, Ciardo S, Cota C, Cesinaro AM, Rossi E, Ferrari B, Kaleci S, Di Fraia M, Chello C, Cantisani C, Trovato F, Longo C, Pellacani G. Combining Reflectance Confocal Microscopy, Optical Coherence Tomography and Ex-Vivo Fluorescence Confocal Microscopy for Margin Assessment in Basal Cell Carcinoma Excision. Dermatol Pract Concept 2024; 14:dpc.1402a90. [PMID: 38810079 PMCID: PMC11136106 DOI: 10.5826/dpc.1402a90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent developments of noninvasive, high-resolution imaging techniques, such as reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) and optical coherence tomography (OCT), have enhanced skin cancer detection and precise tumor excision particularly in highly aggressive and poorly defined basal cell carcinomas (BCCs). OBJECTIVES The aim of this pilot study is to assess the feasibility and reproducibility of a systematic clinical workflow combining noninvasive (RCM-OCT) and invasive fluorescence confocal microscopy (FCM) imaging modalities in pre- and intra-surgical evaluations of the lateral and deep margins of BCC. METHODS Superficial incisions were made 2 mm beyond the clinical-dermoscopic BCC margins. Lateral margins were then explored with OCT and RCM. In positive margins, a further cut was made 2 mm distal from the previous. A final RCM/OCT-based double-negative margin was drawn around the entire perimeter of the lesion before referring to surgery. The freshly excised specimen was then examined with FCM (ex-vivo) for the evaluation of the deep margin. Histopathologic examination eventually confirmed margin involvement. RESULTS The study included 22 lesions from 13 patients. At the end of the study, 146 margins-106 negative (73%) and 40 positive (27%) at RCM/OCT-were collected. The RCM/OCT margin evaluation showed an overall sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 96.3%. The overall positive margins diagnostic accuracy was 98.2%. Reproducibility was evaluated on recorded images and the raters showed a substantial inter-observer agreement on both RCM (κ = 0.752) and OCT images (κ = 0.724). CONCLUSIONS The combined RCM/OCT/FCM ex-vivo approach noninvasively facilitates the presurgical and intrasurgical lateral and deep margin assessment of poorly defined BCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Michelini
- Dermatologic Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Victor Desmond Mandel
- Porphyria and Rare Diseases Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Ardigò
- Porphyria and Rare Diseases Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvana Ciardo
- Dermatology Unit, Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Carlo Cota
- Porphyria and Rare Diseases Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Cesinaro
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico, Modena, Italy
| | - Elena Rossi
- Dermatology Unit, Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Barbara Ferrari
- Dermatology Unit, Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Shaniko Kaleci
- Dermatology Unit, Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Marco Di Fraia
- Dermatologic Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Camilla Chello
- Dermatologic Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmen Cantisani
- Dermatologic Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Trovato
- Dermatologic Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Caterina Longo
- Dermatology Unit, Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Centro Oncologico ad Alta Tecnologia Diagnostica, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pellacani
- Dermatologic Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Jacobsen K, Wenande E, Ortner VK, Schmidt G, Haedersdal M. Operationsplanung mit Line‐Field optischer konfokaler Kohärenztomographie bei rezidivierendem infiltrativem Basalzellkarzinom: Visualisierung des subklinischen Tumors zur Anpassung der Ränder. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2024; 22:462-465. [PMID: 38450967 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.15330_g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Jacobsen
- Department of Dermatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emily Wenande
- Department of Dermatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vinzent Kevin Ortner
- Department of Dermatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Grethe Schmidt
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns Treatment, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Merete Haedersdal
- Department of Dermatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
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11
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Jacobsen K, Wenande E, Ortner VK, Schmidt G, Haedersdal M. Surgical planning with line-field confocal optical coherence tomography for recurrent infiltrative basal cell carcinoma: visualizing subclinical tumor for margin adjustment. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2024; 22:462-465. [PMID: 38396266 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.15330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Jacobsen
- Department of Dermatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emily Wenande
- Department of Dermatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vinzent Kevin Ortner
- Department of Dermatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Grethe Schmidt
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns Treatment, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Merete Haedersdal
- Department of Dermatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
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12
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Palmisano G, Orte Cano C, Fontaine M, Lenoir C, Cinotti E, Tognetti L, Rubegni P, Perez-Anker J, Puig S, Malvehy J, Perrot JL, Del Marmol V, Peris K, Suppa M. Dermoscopic criteria explained by LC-OCT: Negative maple leaf-like areas. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2024; 38:e271-e273. [PMID: 37876332 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Palmisano
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, HUB, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Dermatology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmen Orte Cano
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, HUB, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Dermato-Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet, HUB, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Margot Fontaine
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, HUB, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Dermato-Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet, HUB, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Clément Lenoir
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, HUB, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Dermato-Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet, HUB, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elisa Cinotti
- Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD), Paris, France
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Linda Tognetti
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Pietro Rubegni
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Javiera Perez-Anker
- Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Puig
- Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Malvehy
- Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jean-Luc Perrot
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Véronique Del Marmol
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, HUB, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ketty Peris
- Department of Dermatology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
- UOC di Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche Addominali ed Endocrino-Metaboliche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariano Suppa
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, HUB, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Dermato-Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet, HUB, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD), Paris, France
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13
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Cinotti E, Barbarossa L, Cortonesi G, Lamberti A, La Marca F, Tognetti L, Rubegni P, Perrot JL. Non-Invasive Imaging for the Diagnosis of Genital Warts and Their Imitators. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1345. [PMID: 38592196 PMCID: PMC10932056 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Genital warts are the most frequent sexually transmitted disease. Their clinical diagnosis is not always easy, and invasive skin biopsies for histological examination should be performed in these cases. The aim of the study was to investigate the use of non-invasive imaging techniques for the diagnosis of genital warts and their imitators. We retrospectively evaluated dermoscopy, reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), and line-filed confocal microscopy (LC-OCT) images of nine patients with 19 warts of the mucous membranes and five patients with lesions that clinically mimic genital warts, including 12 molluscum contagiosum, 1 Fordyce's spot and one case of multiple acquired lymphangiomas. Most genital warts (15; 79%) showed dilated vessels surrounded by a whitish halo at dermoscopy. RCM and the new device LC-OCT could identify near histologic features such as the presence of hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, papillomatosis and enlarged vessels in all genital warts. However, the identification of koilocytes, which are the hallmark for the diagnosis of warts, was still difficult using both techniques. Non-invasive imaging techniques could also offer clues for the correct diagnosis of the imitators. This study confirmed the usefulness of dermoscopy in recognizing a precise pattern in warts and showed the potential use of RCM and LC-OCT to add additional findings to the clinical and dermoscopic examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Cinotti
- Dermatology Section, Department of Medical, Surgical, and Neurological Sciences, Santa Maria Alle Scotte Hospital, 53100 Siena, Italy; (E.C.); (G.C.); (A.L.); (F.L.M.); (L.T.); (P.R.)
| | - Lorenzo Barbarossa
- Dermatology Section, Department of Medical, Surgical, and Neurological Sciences, Santa Maria Alle Scotte Hospital, 53100 Siena, Italy; (E.C.); (G.C.); (A.L.); (F.L.M.); (L.T.); (P.R.)
| | - Giulio Cortonesi
- Dermatology Section, Department of Medical, Surgical, and Neurological Sciences, Santa Maria Alle Scotte Hospital, 53100 Siena, Italy; (E.C.); (G.C.); (A.L.); (F.L.M.); (L.T.); (P.R.)
| | - Arianna Lamberti
- Dermatology Section, Department of Medical, Surgical, and Neurological Sciences, Santa Maria Alle Scotte Hospital, 53100 Siena, Italy; (E.C.); (G.C.); (A.L.); (F.L.M.); (L.T.); (P.R.)
| | - Francesca La Marca
- Dermatology Section, Department of Medical, Surgical, and Neurological Sciences, Santa Maria Alle Scotte Hospital, 53100 Siena, Italy; (E.C.); (G.C.); (A.L.); (F.L.M.); (L.T.); (P.R.)
| | - Linda Tognetti
- Dermatology Section, Department of Medical, Surgical, and Neurological Sciences, Santa Maria Alle Scotte Hospital, 53100 Siena, Italy; (E.C.); (G.C.); (A.L.); (F.L.M.); (L.T.); (P.R.)
| | - Pietro Rubegni
- Dermatology Section, Department of Medical, Surgical, and Neurological Sciences, Santa Maria Alle Scotte Hospital, 53100 Siena, Italy; (E.C.); (G.C.); (A.L.); (F.L.M.); (L.T.); (P.R.)
| | - Jean Luc Perrot
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, 42100 Saint-Etienne, France;
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14
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Aktas D, Palmisano G, Cinotti E, Tognetti L, Perrot JL, Perez-Anker J, Rubegni P, Puig S, Malvehy J, Peris K, Del Marmol V, Suppa M. The role of line-field confocal optical coherence tomography in the differential diagnosis of infiltrative basal cell carcinoma with scar-like lesions: A case series. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023; 37:e1396-e1398. [PMID: 37458229 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dina Aktas
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, HUB, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gerardo Palmisano
- Department of Dermatology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Cinotti
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD), Paris, France
| | - Linda Tognetti
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Jean-Luc Perrot
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Javiera Perez-Anker
- Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de enfermedades raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pietro Rubegni
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Susana Puig
- Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de enfermedades raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Malvehy
- Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de enfermedades raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ketty Peris
- Department of Dermatology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Veronique Del Marmol
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, HUB, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Dermatology, Institut Jules Bordet, HUB, Université Libre de Bruxelles, HUB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mariano Suppa
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, HUB, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD), Paris, France
- Department of Dermatology, Institut Jules Bordet, HUB, Université Libre de Bruxelles, HUB, Brussels, Belgium
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15
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Murgia G, Denaro N, Boggio F, Nazzaro G, Benzecry V, Bortoluzzi P, Passoni E, Garrone O, Marzano A. Basosquamous Carcinoma: Comprehensive Clinical and Histopathological Aspects, Novel Imaging Tools, and Therapeutic Approaches. Cells 2023; 12:2737. [PMID: 38067165 PMCID: PMC10706022 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Basosquamous carcinoma (BSC), an uncommon and aggressive nonmelanoma skin cancer exhibiting characteristics ranging from basal cell carcinoma (BCC) to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), is a subject of controversy in terms of its classification, pathogenesis, histologic morphology, biologic behavior, prognosis, and management. This narrative review is based on an electronic search of English-language articles in PubMed that included the terms "basosquamous carcinoma" and/or "metatypical carcinoma of the skin" in their titles. The review aims to succinctly present and assess current data on the epidemiology, clinical presentation, dermoscopic, LC-OCT, and histopathologic characteristics, as well as the genetics and management of BSC, providing insight into this intriguing entity. As a conclusion, dermoscopy, deep incisional biopsies, and immunohistologic techniques should be applied in clinically suspicious lesions to achieve an early diagnosis and better prognosis of this tumor. Surgical treatments, including wide excision and Mohs' micrographic surgery, remain the treatment of choice. Finally, Hedgehog pathway inhibitors and checkpoint inhibitors, must be thoroughly investigated with large controlled trials, since they may offer an alternative solution to irresectable or difficult-to-treat locally advanced cases of basosquamous carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Murgia
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (G.N.); (V.B.); (P.B.); (E.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Nerina Denaro
- Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (N.D.)
| | - Francesca Boggio
- Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Gianluca Nazzaro
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (G.N.); (V.B.); (P.B.); (E.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Valentina Benzecry
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (G.N.); (V.B.); (P.B.); (E.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Paolo Bortoluzzi
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (G.N.); (V.B.); (P.B.); (E.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Emanuela Passoni
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (G.N.); (V.B.); (P.B.); (E.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Ornella Garrone
- Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (N.D.)
| | - Angelo Marzano
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (G.N.); (V.B.); (P.B.); (E.P.); (A.M.)
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
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16
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Bozsányi S, Boostani M, Farkas K, Hamilton-Meikle P, Varga NN, Szabó B, Vasanits F, Kuroli E, Meznerics FA, Lőrincz K, Holló P, Bánvölgyi A, Wikonkál NM, Paragh G, Kiss N. Optically Guided High-Frequency Ultrasound to Differentiate High-Risk Basal Cell Carcinoma Subtypes: A Single-Centre Prospective Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6910. [PMID: 37959375 PMCID: PMC10648659 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12216910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of skin cancer in the Caucasian population. Currently, invasive biopsy is the only way of establishing the histological subtype (HST) that determines the treatment options. Our study aimed to evaluate whether optically guided high-frequency ultrasound (OG-HFUS) imaging could differentiate aggressive HST BCCs from low-risk tumors. METHODS We conducted prospective clinical and dermoscopic examinations of BCCs, followed by 33 MHz OG-HFUS imaging, surgical excision, and a histological analysis. We enrolled 75 patients with 78 BCCs. In total, 63 BCCs were utilized to establish a novel OG-HFUS risk classification algorithm, while 15 were employed for the validation of this algorithm. The mean age of the patients was 72.9 ± 11.2 years. Histology identified 16 lesions as aggressive HST (infiltrative or micronodular subtypes) and 47 as low-risk HST (superficial or nodular subtypes). To assess the data, we used a one-sided Fisher's exact test for a categorical analysis and a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy. RESULTS OG-HFUS distinguished aggressive BCC HSTs by their irregular shape (p < 0.0001), ill-defined margins (p < 0.0001), and non-homogeneous internal echoes (p = 0.004). We developed a risk-categorizing algorithm that differentiated aggressive HSTs from low-risk HSTs with a higher sensitivity (82.4%) and specificity (91.3%) than a combined macroscopic and dermoscopic evaluation (sensitivity: 40.1% and specificity: 73.1%). The positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV, respectively) for dermoscopy were 30.2% and 76.8%, respectively. In comparison, the OG-HFUS-based algorithm demonstrated a PPV of 94.7% and an NPV of 78.6%. We verified the algorithm using an independent image set, n = 15, including 12 low-risk and 3 high-risk (high-risk) with two blinded evaluators, where we found a sensitivity of 83.33% and specificity of 91.66%. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that OG-HFUS can identify aggressive BCC HSTs based on easily identifiable morphological parameters, supporting early therapeutic decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szabolcs Bozsányi
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (M.B.); (K.F.); (P.H.-M.); (N.N.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (E.K.); (F.A.M.); (K.L.); (P.H.); (A.B.); (N.M.W.)
- Department of Dermatology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA;
| | - Mehdi Boostani
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (M.B.); (K.F.); (P.H.-M.); (N.N.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (E.K.); (F.A.M.); (K.L.); (P.H.); (A.B.); (N.M.W.)
| | - Klára Farkas
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (M.B.); (K.F.); (P.H.-M.); (N.N.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (E.K.); (F.A.M.); (K.L.); (P.H.); (A.B.); (N.M.W.)
| | - Phyllida Hamilton-Meikle
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (M.B.); (K.F.); (P.H.-M.); (N.N.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (E.K.); (F.A.M.); (K.L.); (P.H.); (A.B.); (N.M.W.)
| | - Noémi Nóra Varga
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (M.B.); (K.F.); (P.H.-M.); (N.N.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (E.K.); (F.A.M.); (K.L.); (P.H.); (A.B.); (N.M.W.)
| | - Boglárka Szabó
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (M.B.); (K.F.); (P.H.-M.); (N.N.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (E.K.); (F.A.M.); (K.L.); (P.H.); (A.B.); (N.M.W.)
| | - Flóra Vasanits
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (M.B.); (K.F.); (P.H.-M.); (N.N.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (E.K.); (F.A.M.); (K.L.); (P.H.); (A.B.); (N.M.W.)
| | - Enikő Kuroli
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (M.B.); (K.F.); (P.H.-M.); (N.N.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (E.K.); (F.A.M.); (K.L.); (P.H.); (A.B.); (N.M.W.)
| | - Fanni Adél Meznerics
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (M.B.); (K.F.); (P.H.-M.); (N.N.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (E.K.); (F.A.M.); (K.L.); (P.H.); (A.B.); (N.M.W.)
| | - Kende Lőrincz
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (M.B.); (K.F.); (P.H.-M.); (N.N.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (E.K.); (F.A.M.); (K.L.); (P.H.); (A.B.); (N.M.W.)
| | - Péter Holló
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (M.B.); (K.F.); (P.H.-M.); (N.N.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (E.K.); (F.A.M.); (K.L.); (P.H.); (A.B.); (N.M.W.)
| | - András Bánvölgyi
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (M.B.); (K.F.); (P.H.-M.); (N.N.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (E.K.); (F.A.M.); (K.L.); (P.H.); (A.B.); (N.M.W.)
| | - Norbert M. Wikonkál
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (M.B.); (K.F.); (P.H.-M.); (N.N.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (E.K.); (F.A.M.); (K.L.); (P.H.); (A.B.); (N.M.W.)
| | - Gyorgy Paragh
- Department of Dermatology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA;
| | - Norbert Kiss
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (M.B.); (K.F.); (P.H.-M.); (N.N.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (E.K.); (F.A.M.); (K.L.); (P.H.); (A.B.); (N.M.W.)
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17
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Soglia S, Pérez-Anker J, Fraghì A, Ariasi C, La Rosa G, Lenoir C, Suppa M, Calzavara-Pinton PG, Venturini M. Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography and reflectance confocal microscopy of Merkel cell carcinoma. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023; 37:e1223-e1225. [PMID: 37191203 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Soglia
- Department of Dermatology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - J Pérez-Anker
- Melanoma Unit, Dermatology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Fraghì
- Department of Dermatology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - C Ariasi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - G La Rosa
- Department of Dermatology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - C Lenoir
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Suppa
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Dermatology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD), Paris, France
| | | | - M Venturini
- Department of Dermatology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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18
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Peris K, Fargnoli MC, Kaufmann R, Arenberger P, Bastholt L, Seguin NB, Bataille V, Brochez L, Del Marmol V, Dummer R, Forsea AM, Gaudy-Marqueste C, Harwood CA, Hauschild A, Höller C, Kandolf L, Kellerners-Smeets NWJ, Lallas A, Leiter U, Malvehy J, Marinović B, Mijuskovic Z, Moreno-Ramirez D, Nagore E, Nathan P, Stratigos AJ, Stockfleth E, Tagliaferri L, Trakatelli M, Vieira R, Zalaudek I, Garbe C. European consensus-based interdisciplinary guideline for diagnosis and treatment of basal cell carcinoma-update 2023. Eur J Cancer 2023; 192:113254. [PMID: 37604067 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2023.113254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common malignant tumour in white populations. Multidisciplinary experts from European Association of Dermato-Oncology (EADO), European Dermatology Forum, European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology (ESTRO), Union Européenne des Médecins Spécialistes, and the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology developed updated recommendations on diagnosis and treatment of BCC. BCCs were categorised into 'easy-to-treat' (common) and 'difficult-to-treat' according to the new EADO clinical classification. Diagnosis is based on clinico-dermatoscopic features, although histopathological confirmation is mandatory in equivocal lesions. The first-line treatment of BCC is complete surgery. Micrographically controlled surgery shall be offered in high-risk and recurrent BCC, and BCC located on critical anatomical sites. Topical therapies and destructive approaches can be considered in patients with low-risk superficial BCC. Photodynamic therapy is an effective treatment for superficial and low-risk nodular BCCs. Management of 'difficult-to-treat' BCCs should be discussed by a multidisciplinary tumour board. Hedgehog inhibitors (HHIs), vismodegib or sonidegib, should be offered to patients with locally advanced and metastatic BCC. Immunotherapy with anti-PD1 antibodies (cemiplimab) is a second-line treatment in patients with a progression of disease, contraindication, or intolerance to HHI therapy. Radiotherapy represents a valid alternative in patients who are not candidates for or decline surgery, especially elderly patients. Electrochemotherapy may be offered when surgery or radiotherapy is contraindicated. In Gorlin patients, regular skin examinations are required to diagnose and treat BCCs at an early stage. Long-term follow-up is recommended in patients with high-risk BCC, multiple BCCs, and Gorlin syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ketty Peris
- Institute of Dermatology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Maria Concetta Fargnoli
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Roland Kaufmann
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Petr Arenberger
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lars Bastholt
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | | | - Veronique Bataille
- Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Lieve Brochez
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Veronique Del Marmol
- Department of Dermatology, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Reinhard Dummer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich and University Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ana-Marie Forsea
- Department of Oncologic Dermatology, Elias University Hospital Bucharest, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Catherine A Harwood
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Axel Hauschild
- Department of Dermatology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christoph Höller
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Lidija Kandolf
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nicole W J Kellerners-Smeets
- GROW-School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands; Department of Dermatology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Aimilios Lallas
- First Department of Dermatology, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ulrike Leiter
- Centre for Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard-Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Josep Malvehy
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona (Melanoma Unit), University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona & CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Branka Marinović
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zeljko Mijuskovic
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - David Moreno-Ramirez
- Dermatology. Medicine School, University of Seville, University Hospital Virgen Macarena, Seville-Spain
| | - Eduardo Nagore
- Department of Dermatology, Instituto Valenciano de Oncologia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Alexander J Stratigos
- First Department of Dermatology-Venereology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Andreas Sygros Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Eggert Stockfleth
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Cancer Center, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany
| | - Luca Tagliaferri
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, UOC di Radioterapia, Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche, Radioterapiche ed Ematologiche, Rome, Italy
| | - Myrto Trakatelli
- Second Department of Dermatology, Aristotle University Medical School, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ricardo Vieira
- Coimbra Hospital and Universitary Centre, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Iris Zalaudek
- Dermatology Clinic, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Claus Garbe
- Centre for Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard-Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
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19
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Donelli C, Suppa M, Tognetti L, Perrot JL, Calabrese L, Pérez-Anker J, Malvehy J, Rubegni P, Cinotti E. Line-Field Confocal Optical Coherence Tomography for the Diagnosis of Skin Carcinomas: Real-Life Data over Three Years. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:8853-8864. [PMID: 37887539 PMCID: PMC10604937 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30100639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) can help the clinical diagnosis of skin diseases. The present study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of LC-OCT for the diagnosis of the most frequent non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs), i.e., basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Comparing LC-OCT diagnostic performances with those of dermoscopy, histopathological examination was used as a gold standard. For every study endpoint, the diagnostic ability of LC-OCT revealed superiority over the dermoscopic examination. In particular, a significant increase in specificity was observed. Sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of dermoscopy and LC-OCT for the diagnosis of malignancy were, respectively, 0.97 (CI 0.94-0.99), 0.43 (CI 0.36-0.51), and 0.77 (CI 0.72-0.81) for dermoscopy and 0.99 (CI 0.97-1.00), 0.90 (CI 0.84-0.94), and 0.96 (CI 0.93-0.97) for LC-OCT. The positive predictive value (PPV) resulted in 0.74 (CI 0.69-0.78) for dermoscopy and 0.94 (CI 0.91-0.97) for LC-OCT, and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 0.89 (CI 0.81-0.95) for dermoscopy and 0.98 (CI 0.95-1.00) for LC-OCT. Finally, our real-life study showed a potentially important role of LC-OCT in the non-invasive diagnosis of NMSCs, especially BCC. The real-time imaging technique could spare unnecessary biopsies with an increased sensitivity, a much higher specificity, and better accuracy than clinical assessment with dermoscopy alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Donelli
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, Dermatology Section, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Mariano Suppa
- Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI), Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD), 75008 Paris, France
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Linda Tognetti
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, Dermatology Section, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Jean Luc Perrot
- Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI), Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD), 75008 Paris, France
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of St-Etienne, 42270 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Laura Calabrese
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, Dermatology Section, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Javiera Pérez-Anker
- Melanoma Unit, Dermatology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Malvehy
- Melanoma Unit, Dermatology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pietro Rubegni
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, Dermatology Section, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Elisa Cinotti
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, Dermatology Section, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
- Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI), Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD), 75008 Paris, France
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20
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Cinotti E, Bertello M, Dragotto M, Cartocci A, Tognetti L, Cappilli S, Peris K, Perrot JL, Del Marmol V, Rubegni P, Suppa M. Comparison of reflectance confocal microscopy and line-field optical coherence tomography for the identification of basal cell carcinoma. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023; 37:e1147-e1150. [PMID: 37165928 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E Cinotti
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Société Française de Dermatologie, Groupe d'Imagerie Non Invasive de la Société Française de Dermatologie, Paris, France
| | - M Bertello
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - M Dragotto
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - A Cartocci
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - L Tognetti
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - S Cappilli
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, A. Gemelli University Hospital Foundation - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - K Peris
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, A. Gemelli University Hospital Foundation - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - J L Perrot
- Société Française de Dermatologie, Groupe d'Imagerie Non Invasive de la Société Française de Dermatologie, Paris, France
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - V Del Marmol
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - P Rubegni
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - M Suppa
- Société Française de Dermatologie, Groupe d'Imagerie Non Invasive de la Société Française de Dermatologie, Paris, France
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Dermatology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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21
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Kyrmanidou E, Fotiadou C, Kemanetzi C, Trakatelli MG, Trigoni A, Patsatsi A, Apalla Z, Lazaridou E. Eccrine Poroma: Pathogenesis, New Diagnostic Tools and Association with Porocarcinoma-A Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2689. [PMID: 37627947 PMCID: PMC10453495 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13162689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Eccrine poroma (EP) is a relatively rare benign adnexal neoplasm that usually affects elderly patients. Its pathogenesis is still under investigation, but recent gene studies have revealed gene fusions as key incidences resulting in oncogenetic pathways. It often presents as a solitary, firm papule, mostly asymptomatic, located on the soles or palms. Due to its clinical and dermoscopic variability, it is characterized as the great imitator. We performed a literature review, aiming to summarize current data on the pathogenetic mechanisms, new dermoscopic features, and novel diagnostic tools that may aid in early diagnosis and proper management of this rare adnexal tumor. Furthermore, we reviewed the possible pathogenetic associations between EP and its malignant counterpart, namely eccrine porocarcinoma. This systematic approach may aid in understanding the pathogenetic mechanisms and how to use novel histopathologic markers and imaging methods to overcome the diagnostic dilemma of this rare tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Kyrmanidou
- 2nd Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (C.F.); (C.K.); (M.-G.T.); (A.T.); (A.P.); (Z.A.); (E.L.)
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22
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Maione V, Bighetti S, Bettolini L, Zambelli C, Calzavara-Pinton P. The role of line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) in the diagnosis of eccrine poroma: A case report. Australas J Dermatol 2023; 64:e216-e219. [PMID: 37154231 DOI: 10.1111/ajd.14070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Poroma is skin cancer that arises from the sweat gland cells. Its diagnosis could be difficult. Line-field optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) is a novel imaging technique that has shown promise in the diagnosis and monitoring of various skin conditions. We report a case of poroma diagnosed by LC-OCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Maione
- Dermatology Department, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefano Bighetti
- Dermatology Department, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luca Bettolini
- Dermatology Department, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Claudia Zambelli
- Pathology Department, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Piergiacomo Calzavara-Pinton
- Dermatology Department, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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23
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Wolswijk T, Sanak D, Lenoir C, Cinotti E, Tognetti L, Rubegni P, Perez‐Anker J, Puig S, Malvehy J, Perrot J, Mosterd K, del Marmol V, Suppa M. Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography can help differentiating melanoma from pigmented basal cell carcinoma: A case report. Skin Res Technol 2023; 29:e13376. [PMID: 37357657 PMCID: PMC10267609 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tom Wolswijk
- Department of DermatologyMaastricht University Medical Center+MaastrichtThe Netherlands
- GROW Research Institute for Oncology and ReproductionMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Dilara Sanak
- Department of DermatologyHôpital Erasme, HUB, Université Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | - Clément Lenoir
- Department of DermatologyHôpital Erasme, HUB, Université Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
- Department of DermatologyInstitut Jules Bordet, HUB, Université Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | - Elisa Cinotti
- Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de DermatologieParisFrance
- Dermatology UnitDepartment of MedicalSurgical and Neurological SciencesUniversity of SienaSienaItaly
| | - Linda Tognetti
- Dermatology UnitDepartment of MedicalSurgical and Neurological SciencesUniversity of SienaSienaItaly
| | - Pietro Rubegni
- Dermatology UnitDepartment of MedicalSurgical and Neurological SciencesUniversity of SienaSienaItaly
| | - Javiera Perez‐Anker
- Melanoma UnitHospital Clinic BarcelonaUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- CIBER de Enfermedades RarasInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIBarcelonaSpain
| | - Susana Puig
- Melanoma UnitHospital Clinic BarcelonaUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- CIBER de Enfermedades RarasInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIBarcelonaSpain
| | - Josep Malvehy
- Melanoma UnitHospital Clinic BarcelonaUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- CIBER de Enfermedades RarasInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIBarcelonaSpain
| | - Jean‐Luc Perrot
- Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de DermatologieParisFrance
- Department of DermatologyUniversity Hospital of Saint‐EtienneSaint‐EtienneFrance
| | - Klara Mosterd
- Department of DermatologyMaastricht University Medical Center+MaastrichtThe Netherlands
- GROW Research Institute for Oncology and ReproductionMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Véronique del Marmol
- Department of DermatologyHôpital Erasme, HUB, Université Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
- Department of DermatologyInstitut Jules Bordet, HUB, Université Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | - Mariano Suppa
- Department of DermatologyHôpital Erasme, HUB, Université Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
- Department of DermatologyInstitut Jules Bordet, HUB, Université Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
- Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de DermatologieParisFrance
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Ogien J, Tavernier C, Fischman S, Dubois A. Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT): principles and practical use. Ital J Dermatol Venerol 2023; 158:171-179. [PMID: 37278495 DOI: 10.23736/s2784-8671.23.07613-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) is a non-invasive optical imaging technique based on a combination of the optical principles of optical coherence tomography and reflectance confocal microscopy with line-field illumination, which can generate cell-resolved images of the skin, in vivo, in vertical section, horizontal section and in three dimensions. This article reviews the optical principles of LC-OCT, including low coherence interferometry, confocal filtering and line-field arrangement. The optical setup allowing for the acquisition of color images of the skin surface in parallel with LC-OCT images, without compromising LC-OCT performance, is also presented. Practical use of LC-OCT is demonstrated through an overview of the workflow of examining a patient using a commercial handheld LC-OCT probe (deepLive™, DAMAE Medical), from creating the patient record in the software, acquiring the images, to reviewing and interpreting the images. LC-OCT can generate a significant amount of data, making automated deep learning algorithms particularly relevant for assisting in the analysis of LC-OCT images. A review of algorithms developed for skin layer segmentation, keratinocyte nuclei segmentation, and automatic detection of atypical keratinocyte nuclei is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Arnaud Dubois
- DAMAE Medical, Paris, France
- Laboratoire Charles Fabry, Institut d'Optique Graduate School, Paris-Saclay University, Palaiseau, France
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Zhang J, Mazlin V, Fei K, Boccara AC, Yuan J, Xiao P. Time-domain full-field optical coherence tomography (TD-FF-OCT) in ophthalmic imaging. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2023; 14:20406223231170146. [PMID: 37152350 PMCID: PMC10161339 DOI: 10.1177/20406223231170146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Ocular imaging plays an irreplaceable role in the evaluation of eye diseases. Developing cellular-resolution ophthalmic imaging technique for more accurate and effective diagnosis and pathogenesis analysis of ocular diseases is a hot topic in the cross-cutting areas of ophthalmology and imaging. Currently, ocular imaging with traditional optical coherence tomography (OCT) is limited in lateral resolution and thus can hardly resolve cellular structures. Conventional OCT technology obtains ultra-high resolution at the expense of a certain imaging range and cannot achieve full field of view imaging. In the early years, Time-domain full-field OCT (TD-FF-OCT) has been mainly used for ex vivo ophthalmic tissue studies, limited by the low speed and low full-well capacity of existing two-dimensional (2D) cameras. The recent improvements in system design opened new imaging possibilities for in vivo applications thanks to its distinctive optical properties of TD-FF-OCT such as a spatial resolution almost insensitive to aberrations, and the possibility to control the curvature of the optical slice. This review also attempts to look at the future directions of TD-FF-OCT evolution, for example, the potential transfer of the functional-imaging dynamic TD-FF-OCT from the ex vivo into in vivo use and its expected benefit in basic and clinical ophthalmic research. Through non-invasive, wide-field, and cellular-resolution imaging, TD-FF-OCT has great potential to be the next-generation imaging modality to improve our understanding of human eye physiology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinze Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Viacheslav Mazlin
- ESPCI Paris, PSL University, CNRS, Langevin Institute, Paris, France
| | - Keyi Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Jin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Jinsui Road 7, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Jinsui Road 7, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, China
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26
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Schneller A, Sitaru S, Biedermann T, Zink A. [The third dimension: opportunities for 3D technologies in dermatology]. DERMATOLOGIE (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 74:379-381. [PMID: 37103552 DOI: 10.1007/s00105-023-05139-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Schneller
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie am Biederstein, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Deutschland.
- Sektion Kinderherzchirurgie, Klinik für Herzchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland.
| | - Sebastian Sitaru
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie am Biederstein, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Deutschland
| | - Tilo Biedermann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie am Biederstein, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Deutschland
| | - Alexander Zink
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie am Biederstein, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Deutschland
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Schweden
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Chauvel-Picard J, Tognetti L, Cinotti E, Habougit C, Suppa M, Lenoir C, Rubegni P, Del Marmol V, Berot V, Gleizal A, Vercherin P, Dejonckheere G, Raffaelli C, Cardot-Leccia N, Azulay N, Sudaka-Bahadoran A, Perrot JL, Bahadoran P. Role of ultra-high-frequency ultrasound in the diagnosis and management of basal cell carcinoma: pilot study based on 117 cases. Clin Exp Dermatol 2023; 48:468-475. [PMID: 36763772 DOI: 10.1093/ced/llad001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultrasound imaging has recently benefited from the introduction of a new 70 MHz transducer able to provide high-resolution images, i.e. ultra-high-frequency ultrasound (UHFUS). AIM To study the morphological features of basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) and measure BCC thickness by means of UHFUS examination. METHODS In this retrospective multicentric study, 171 consecutive patients underwent UHFUS examination between November 2018 and May 2019 for suspected BCC. Diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology. A series of morphological parameters including echogenicity, structure, borders, shape composition (presence of intralesional structures) were investigated along with objective measurements such as thickness (maximum distance between the surface of the epidermis and the deepest part of the tumour) and width. RESULTS In total, 117 BCCs from 93 patients were examined, including superficial (n = 13; 11.1%), nodular (n = 64; 54.7%), infiltrative (n = 18; 15.4%), mixed subtypes (n = 20; 17.1%) and other subtypes (n = 2; 1.7%). The most frequently observed UHFUS parameters included: hypoechoic signal (n = 80; 68.4%, P < 0.001), homogeneous structure (n = 76, 65.0%, P = 0.01), well-defined borders (n = 77, 65.8%, P < 0.001) and elongated shape (n = 71, 60.7%, P < 0.001). An excellent correlation was found between the BCC thickness measured by UHFUS and the value estimated by histology (interclass correlation ≥ 0.80). CONCLUSION UHFUS is a new rapid and easy noninvasive skin imaging technique able to provide data on the dimensions and morphology of BCCs in real time and at the bedside. These characteristics mean UHFUS has a number of possible applications, ranging from presurgical mapping to the detection of disease recurrence and treatment monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Linda Tognetti
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Science, Dermatology Section, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Elisa Cinotti
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Science, Dermatology Section, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Cyril Habougit
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Mariano Suppa
- Department of Dermatology, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Clement Lenoir
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Pietro Rubegni
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Science, Dermatology Section, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Veronique Del Marmol
- Department of Dermatology, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent Berot
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | | | - Paul Vercherin
- Department of Public Health, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Guillame Dejonckheere
- Department of Dermatology, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - Nicholas Azulay
- Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, INSERM 1065 C3M Team 1, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | | | - Jean L Perrot
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Philippe Bahadoran
- Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, INSERM 1065 C3M Team 1, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
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Verzì AE, Broggi G, Caltabiano R, Micali G, Lacarrubba F. Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography of lentigo maligna with horizontal and vertical histopathologic correlations. J Cutan Pathol 2023; 50:118-122. [PMID: 36056910 PMCID: PMC10087826 DOI: 10.1111/cup.14321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Lentigo maligna (LM) is a subtype of in situ melanoma that classically presents in elderly patients as a slowly growing lesion on sun-exposed areas that may evolve to invasive melanoma. Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) is a new non-invasive technique for a real-time, vertical, and horizontal skin imaging with high resolution close to conventional histopathology. We present the LC-OCT features of an LM of the nose in a 49-year-old white man along with their horizontal and vertical histopathological correlations. LC-OCT was able to detect in vivo, in both horizontal and vertical imaging, the main microscopic features typical of LM by showing, in the epidermis and around the hair follicles, the presence of large, bright roundish, or dendritic atypical cells, with evident nuclei, corresponding to atypical melanocytes with a tendency toward folliculotropism. A strong correspondence between LC-OCT images and vertical and horizontal histopathological sections was observed. Our study, although limited to a single case, is indicative of the great potential of LC-OCT to improve the non-invasive diagnosis of LM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giuseppe Broggi
- Department "G.F. Ingrassia," Section of Anatomic Pathology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosario Caltabiano
- Department "G.F. Ingrassia," Section of Anatomic Pathology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Cinotti E, Brunetti T, Cartocci A, Tognetti L, Suppa M, Malvehy J, Perez-Anker J, Puig S, Perrot JL, Rubegni P. Diagnostic Accuracy of Line-Field Confocal Optical Coherence Tomography for the Diagnosis of Skin Carcinomas. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13030361. [PMID: 36766466 PMCID: PMC9914674 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13030361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) is a new, noninvasive imaging technique for the diagnosis of skin cancers. A total of 243 benign (54%) and malignant (46%) skin lesions were consecutively enrolled from 27 August 2020, to 6 October 2021 at the Dermatology Department of the University Hospital of Siena, Italy. Dermoscopic- and LC-OCT-based diagnoses were given by an expert dermatologist and compared with the ground truth. Considering all types of malignant skin tumours (79 basal cell carcinomas (BCCs), 22 squamous cell carcinomas, and 10 melanomas), a statistically significant increase (p = 0.013) in specificity was observed from dermoscopy (0.73, CI 0.64-0.81) to LC-OCT (0.87, CI 0.79-0.93) while sensitivity was the same with the two imaging techniques (0.95 CI 0.89-0.98 for dermoscopy and 0.95 CI 0.90-0.99 for LC-OCT). The increase in specificity was mainly driven by the ability of LC-OCT to differentiate BCCs from other diagnoses. In conclusion, our real-life study showed that LC-OCT can play an important role in helping the noninvasive diagnosis of malignant skin neoplasms and especially of BCCs. LC-OCT could be positioned after the dermoscopic examination, to spare useless biopsy of benign lesions without decreasing sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Cinotti
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, Dermatology Section, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
- Groupe d’Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI), Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD), 75008 Paris, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0577-585-428; Fax: +39-0577-585-484
| | - Tullio Brunetti
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, Dermatology Section, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cartocci
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, Dermatology Section, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Linda Tognetti
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, Dermatology Section, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Mariano Suppa
- Groupe d’Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI), Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD), 75008 Paris, France
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Josep Malvehy
- Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javiera Perez-Anker
- Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susanna Puig
- Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jean Luc Perrot
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of St-Etienne, 42270 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Pietro Rubegni
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, Dermatology Section, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
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30
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Caltabiano R. Editorial: Methods in skin cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1150450. [PMID: 36937449 PMCID: PMC10020616 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1150450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
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31
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Cappilli S, Bocchino E, Cornacchia L, Peris K, Di Stefani A. Sharpen your sight: Trombiculosis under the dermatoscope with LC-OCT new insights. Dermatol Ther 2022; 35:e15951. [PMID: 36268574 DOI: 10.1111/dth.15951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Cappilli
- UOC di Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Bocchino
- UOC di Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Cornacchia
- UOC di Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Ketty Peris
- UOC di Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Di Stefani
- UOC di Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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Soglia S, Pérez-Anker J, Lobos Guede N, Giavedoni P, Puig S, Malvehy J. Diagnostics Using Non-Invasive Technologies in Dermatological Oncology. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235886. [PMID: 36497368 PMCID: PMC9738560 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing incidence of skin cancer, with its associated mortality and morbidity, has in recent years led to the developing of new non-invasive technologies, which allow an earlier and more accurate diagnosis. Some of these, such as digital photography, 2D and 3D total-body photography and dermoscopy are now widely used and others, such as reflectance confocal microscopy and optical coherence tomography, are limited to a few academic and referral skin cancer centers because of their cost or the long training period required. Health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with skin cancer need to know the implications and benefits of new non-invasive technologies for dermatological oncology. In this article we review the characteristics and usability of the main diagnostic imaging methods available today.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Soglia
- Melanoma Unit, Dermatology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Dermatology, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy
| | - Javiera Pérez-Anker
- Melanoma Unit, Dermatology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-932-275-400
| | - Nelson Lobos Guede
- Melanoma Unit, Dermatology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Priscila Giavedoni
- Melanoma Unit, Dermatology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Puig
- Melanoma Unit, Dermatology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Malvehy
- Melanoma Unit, Dermatology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
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Xue W, Ogien J, Bulkin P, Coutrot AL, Dubois A. Mirau-based line-field confocal optical coherence tomography for three-dimensional high-resolution skin imaging. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2022; 27:086002. [PMID: 35962466 PMCID: PMC9374567 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.27.8.086002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) is a recently introduced high-resolution imaging modality based on a combination of low-coherence optical interferometry and reflectance confocal optical microscopy with line illumination and line detection. Capable of producing three-dimensional (3D) images of the skin with cellular resolution, in vivo, LC-OCT has been mainly applied in dermatology and dermo-cosmetology. The LC-OCT devices capable of acquiring 3D images reported so far are based on a Linnik interferometer using two identical microscope objectives. In this configuration, LC-OCT cannot be designed to be a very compact and light device, and the image acquisition speed is limited. AIM The objective of this work was to develop a more compact and lighter LC-OCT device that is capable of acquiring images faster without significant degradation of the resolution and with optimized detection sensitivity. APPROACH We developed an LC-OCT device based on a Mirau interferometer using a single objective. Dynamic adjustment of the camera frequency during the depth scan is implemented, using a faster camera and a more powerful light source. The reflectivity of the beam-splitter in the Mirau interferometer was optimized to maximize the detection sensitivity. A galvanometer scanner was incorporated into the device for scanning the illumination line laterally. A stack of adjacent B-scans, constituting a 3D image, can thus be acquired. RESULTS The device is able to acquire and display B-scans at 17 fps. 3D images with a quasi-isotropic resolution of ∼1.5 μm (1.3, 1.9, and 1.1 μm in the x , y, and z directions, respectively) over a field of 940 μm × 600 μm × 350 μm (x × y × z) can be obtained. 3D imaging of human skin at cellular resolution, in vivo, is reported. CONCLUSIONS The acquisition rate of the B-scans, at 17 fps, is unprecedented in LC-OCT. Compared with the conventional LC-OCT devices based on a Linnik interferometer, the reported Mirau-based LC-OCT device can acquire B-scans ∼2 times faster. With potential advantages in terms of compactness and weight, a Mirau-based device could easily be integrated into a smaller and lighter handheld probe for use by dermatologists in their daily medical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weikai Xue
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut d’Optique Graduate School, CNRS, Laboratoire Charles Fabry, Palaiseau, France
| | | | - Pavel Bulkin
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - Anne-Lise Coutrot
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut d’Optique Graduate School, CNRS, Laboratoire Charles Fabry, Palaiseau, France
| | - Arnaud Dubois
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut d’Optique Graduate School, CNRS, Laboratoire Charles Fabry, Palaiseau, France
- DAMAE Medical, Paris, France
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Souto EB, da Ana R, Vieira V, Fangueiro JF, Dias-Ferreira J, Cano A, Zielińska A, Silva AM, Staszewski R, Karczewski J. Non-melanoma skin cancers: physio-pathology and role of lipid delivery systems in new chemotherapeutic treatments. Neoplasia 2022; 30:100810. [PMID: 35649306 PMCID: PMC9160356 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2022.100810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Non-melanoma carcinoma has high incidence rates and has two most common subtypes: basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. This type of carcinoma is usually not fatal; however, it can destroy sensory organs such as the nose, ears, and lips. The treatment of these injuries using non-invasive methods is thus strongly recommended. Some treatments for non-melanoma carcinoma are already well defined, such as surgery, cryosurgery, curettage and electrode section, and radiotherapy; however, these conventional treatments cause inflammation and scarring. In the non-surgical treatment of non-melanoma carcinoma, the topical administration of chemotherapeutic drugs contributes for an effective treatment with reduced side effects. However, the penetration of anticancer drugs in the deeper layers of the skin is required. Lipid delivery systems (liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers) have been developed to overcome epidermal barrier of the skin and to allow the drugs to reach tumor cells. These lipid nanoparticles contribute to control the release profile of the loaded chemotherapeutic drugs, maintaining their stability and increasing death of tumor cells. In this review, the characteristics of non-melanoma carcinoma will be discussed, describing the main existing treatments, together with the contribution of lipid delivery systems as an innovative approach to increase the effectiveness of topical therapies for non-melanoma carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana B Souto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; REQUIMTE/UCIBIO, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Raquel da Ana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Vânia Vieira
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Rua Carlos da Maia, 296, 4200-150, Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana F Fangueiro
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Rua Carlos da Maia, 296, 4200-150, Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Dias-Ferreira
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Amanda Cano
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aleksandra Zielińska
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479 Poznań, Poland
| | - Amélia M Silva
- Department of Biology and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, P-5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, P-5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Rafał Staszewski
- Department of Hypertension Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznań, Poland
| | - Jacek Karczewski
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznań, Poland; Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, H. Swiecicki University Hospital, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland.
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Current Topics in the Diagnostic Approach to Skin Diseases. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12157576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of novel, non-invasive techniques capable of improving the diagnostic accuracy and sensibility of both inflammatory and neoplastic cutaneous diseases has always been one of the most practical objectives of dermatological research [...]
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Yang L, Chen Y, Ling S, Wang J, Wang G, Zhang B, Zhao H, Zhao Q, Mao J. Research progress on the application of optical coherence tomography in the field of oncology. Front Oncol 2022; 12:953934. [PMID: 35957903 PMCID: PMC9358962 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.953934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive imaging technique which has become the “gold standard” for diagnosis in the field of ophthalmology. However, in contrast to the eye, nontransparent tissues exhibit a high degree of optical scattering and absorption, resulting in a limited OCT imaging depth. And the progress made in the past decade in OCT technology have made it possible to image nontransparent tissues with high spatial resolution at large (up to 2mm) imaging depth. On the one hand, OCT can be used in a rapid, noninvasive way to detect diseased tissues, organs, blood vessels or glands. On the other hand, it can also identify the optical characteristics of suspicious parts in the early stage of the disease, which is of great significance for the early diagnosis of tumor diseases. Furthermore, OCT imaging has been explored for imaging tumor cells and their dynamics, and for the monitoring of tumor responses to treatments. This review summarizes the recent advances in the OCT area, which application in oncological diagnosis and treatment in different types: (1) superficial tumors:OCT could detect microscopic information on the skin’s surface at high resolution and has been demonstrated to help diagnose common skin cancers; (2) gastrointestinal tumors: OCT can be integrated into small probes and catheters to image the structure of the stomach wall, enabling the diagnosis and differentiation of gastrointestinal tumors and inflammation; (3) deep tumors: with the rapid development of OCT imaging technology, it has shown great potential in the diagnosis of deep tumors such in brain tumors, breast cancer, bladder cancer, and lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yulun Chen
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shuting Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Imaging, School of Medicine, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Guangxing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hengyu Zhao
- Department of Imaging, School of Medicine, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- *Correspondence: Hengyu Zhao, ; Qingliang Zhao, ; Jingsong Mao,
| | - Qingliang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- *Correspondence: Hengyu Zhao, ; Qingliang Zhao, ; Jingsong Mao,
| | - Jingsong Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Radiology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Endocrine-Related Cancer Precision Medicine, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- *Correspondence: Hengyu Zhao, ; Qingliang Zhao, ; Jingsong Mao,
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Tognetti L, Cinotti E, Falcinelli F, Miracco C, Suppa M, Perrot JL, Rubegni P. Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography: a new tool for non-invasive differential diagnosis of pustular skin disorders. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2022; 36:1873-1883. [PMID: 35694879 PMCID: PMC9544527 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background The spectrum of pustular skin disorders (PSD) is large and particularly challenging, including inflammatory, infectious and amicrobial diseases. Moreover, although pustules represent the unifying clinical feature, they can be absent or not fully developed in the early stage of the disease. The line‐field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC‐OCT) is a recently developed imaging technique able to perform a non‐invasive, in vivo, examination of the epidermis and upper dermis, reaching very high image resolution and virtual histology. Objectives We aimed to investigate the potentialities of LC‐OCT in the non‐invasive differential diagnosis of a series of 11 PSD with different aetiology, microscopic features, body location and incidence rates. Materials and Methods Complete LC‐OCT imaging (i.e. 2D/3D frames, videos) was performed on a total of 19 patients (10 females and 9 males) aged between 35 and 79 years. Images were blindly evaluated and compared with corresponding histopathologic findings. Results The LC‐OCT imaging was able to detect with high accuracy the pustule structure including shape, margins, morphology and cellular content, along with peculiar epidermal and adnexal alterations in each condition, including: Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis, Generalized pustular psoriasis, Generalized pustular figurate erythema, Subcorneal Pustular Dermatosis, Intraepidermal IgA pustulosis, Palmoplantar pustulosis, Palmoplantar pustular psoriasis. Herpetic whitlow, Acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau, Vesicopustular Sweet syndrome and Vesicopustular Eosinophilic cellulitis, with pustular appearance, were also compared. Conclusions The new LC‐OCT can represent a rapid, non‐invasive and painless tool which can help differentiating among PSD of different aetiology and microscopic morphology in clinical mimickers in daily practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Tognetti
- Dermatology Unit and Skin Bank, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurosciences, Siena University Hospital, Siena, Italy
| | - E Cinotti
- Dermatology Unit and Skin Bank, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurosciences, Siena University Hospital, Siena, Italy.,Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non-Invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD), Paris, France
| | - F Falcinelli
- Dermatology Unit and Skin Bank, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurosciences, Siena University Hospital, Siena, Italy
| | - C Miracco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences Pathological Anatomy Section, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - M Suppa
- Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non-Invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD), Paris, France.,Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - J-L Perrot
- Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non-Invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD), Paris, France.,Dermatology Unit, University Hospital of St-Etienne, Saint Etienne, France
| | - P Rubegni
- Dermatology Unit and Skin Bank, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurosciences, Siena University Hospital, Siena, Italy
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Waszczuk L, Ogien J, Perrot JL, Dubois A. Co-localized line-field confocal optical coherence tomography and confocal Raman microspectroscopy for three-dimensional high-resolution morphological and molecular characterization of skin tissues ex vivo. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:2467-2487. [PMID: 35519243 PMCID: PMC9045904 DOI: 10.1364/boe.450993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) is an optical modality that provides three-dimensional (3D) images of the skin at cellular resolution. Confocal Raman microspectroscopy (CRM) is a label-free optical technique that can provide point measurement of the molecular content of the skin. This work presents a method to co-localize LC-OCT and CRM acquisitions for morpho-molecular analysis of ex vivo skin tissues at cellular level. The co-localization method allows acquisition of Raman spectra at specific locations in a sample identified from a 3D LC-OCT image, with an accuracy of ± 20 µm. The method was applied to the characterization of tattooed skin biopsies with adverse tattoo reactions. LC-OCT images allowed to target specific regions in the biopsies where the presence of tattoo ink was revealed by detection of the Raman signature of ink pigments. Micrometer-sized foreign bodies of various materials as well as inflammatory cells were also identified within the biopsies. From these results, we demonstrate the value of the LC-OCT-CRM co-localization method and its potential for future ex vivo analysis of suspicious skin lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léna Waszczuk
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut d’Optique Graduate School, CNRS, Laboratoire Charles Fabry, Palaiseau 91127, France
- DAMAE Medical, Paris 75013, France
| | | | - Jean-Luc Perrot
- University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Department of Dermatology, 42055 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Arnaud Dubois
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut d’Optique Graduate School, CNRS, Laboratoire Charles Fabry, Palaiseau 91127, France
- DAMAE Medical, Paris 75013, France
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Cappilli S, Cinotti E, Lenoir C, Tognetti L, Perez‐Anker J, Rubegni P, Puig S, Malvehy J, Perrot JL, del Marmol V, Peris K, Suppa M. Line‐field confocal optical coherence tomography of basosquamous carcinoma: A case series with histopathological correlation. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2022; 36:1214-1218. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Cappilli
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Dermatologia Rome Italy
- Department of Dermatology Hôpital Erasme Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium
| | - E Cinotti
- Dermatology Unit Department of Medical Surgical and Neurological Sciences University of Siena Siena Italy
- Groupe d’Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD) Paris France
| | - C Lenoir
- Department of Dermatology Hôpital Erasme Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium
| | - L Tognetti
- Dermatology Unit Department of Medical Surgical and Neurological Sciences University of Siena Siena Italy
| | - J Perez‐Anker
- Melanoma Unit Hospital Clinic Barcelona University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- CIBER de enfermedades raras Instituto de Salud Carlos III Barcelona Spain
| | - P Rubegni
- Dermatology Unit Department of Medical Surgical and Neurological Sciences University of Siena Siena Italy
| | - S Puig
- Melanoma Unit Hospital Clinic Barcelona University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- CIBER de enfermedades raras Instituto de Salud Carlos III Barcelona Spain
| | - J Malvehy
- Melanoma Unit Hospital Clinic Barcelona University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- CIBER de enfermedades raras Instituto de Salud Carlos III Barcelona Spain
| | - JL Perrot
- Department of Dermatology University Hospital of Saint‐Etienne Saint‐Etienne France
| | - V del Marmol
- Department of Dermatology Hôpital Erasme Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium
| | - K Peris
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Dermatologia Rome Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS Rome Italy
| | - M Suppa
- Department of Dermatology Hôpital Erasme Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium
- Groupe d’Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD) Paris France
- Department of Dermatology Institut Jules Bordet Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium
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40
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Schuh S, Ruini C, Perwein MKE, Daxenberger F, Gust C, Sattler EC, Welzel J. Line-Field Confocal Optical Coherence Tomography: A New Tool for the Differentiation between Nevi and Melanomas? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1140. [PMID: 35267448 PMCID: PMC8909859 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Until now, the clinical differentiation between a nevus and a melanoma is still challenging in some cases. Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) is a new tool with the aim to change that. The aim of the study was to evaluate LC-OCT for the discrimination between nevi and melanomas. A total of 84 melanocytic lesions were examined with LC-OCT and 36 were also imaged with RCM. The observers recorded the diagnoses, and the presence or absence of the 18 most common imaging parameters for melanocytic lesions, nevi, and melanomas in the LC-OCT images. Their confidence in diagnosis and the image quality of LC-OCT and RCM were evaluated. The most useful criteria, the sensitivity and specificity of LC-OCT vs. RCM vs. histology, to differentiate a (dysplastic) nevus from a melanoma were analyzed. Good image quality correlated with better diagnostic performance (Spearman correlation: 0.4). LC-OCT had a 93% sensitivity and 100% specificity compared to RCM (93% sensitivity, 95% specificity) for diagnosing a melanoma (vs. all types of nevi). No difference in performance between RCM and LC-OCT was observed (McNemar's p value = 1). Both devices falsely diagnosed dysplastic nevi as non-dysplastic (43% sensitivity for dysplastic nevus diagnosis). The most significant criteria for diagnosing a melanoma with LC-OCT were irregular honeycombed patterns (92% occurrence rate; 31.7 odds ratio (OR)), the presence of pagetoid spread (89% occurrence rate; 23.6 OR) and the absence of dermal nests (23% occurrence rate, 0.02 OR). In conclusion LC-OCT is useful for the discrimination between melanomas and nevi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Schuh
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital, 86179 Augsburg, Germany;
| | - Cristel Ruini
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (C.R.); (F.D.); (C.G.); (E.C.S.)
| | | | - Fabia Daxenberger
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (C.R.); (F.D.); (C.G.); (E.C.S.)
| | - Charlotte Gust
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (C.R.); (F.D.); (C.G.); (E.C.S.)
| | - Elke Christina Sattler
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (C.R.); (F.D.); (C.G.); (E.C.S.)
| | - Julia Welzel
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital, 86179 Augsburg, Germany;
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Gust C, Schuh S, Welzel J, Daxenberger F, Hartmann D, French LE, Ruini C, Sattler EC. Line-Field Confocal Optical Coherence Tomography Increases the Diagnostic Accuracy and Confidence for Basal Cell Carcinoma in Equivocal Lesions: A Prospective Study. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14041082. [PMID: 35205830 PMCID: PMC8870684 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14041082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Basal cell carcinoma is the most frequently occurring type of skin cancer. Its treatment can be either local or surgical depending on its subtype and extension, with early recognized and superficial cases being easier to treat. Some of them, however, display unspecific features, making diagnosis difficult. Non-invasive devices such as line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) are able to recognize morphological features of different BCC subtypes with a good correlation to histopathology. We decided to study their application to clinically doubtful BCC cases. Abstract Diagnosing clinically unclear basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) can be challenging. Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) is able to display morphological features of BCC subtypes with good histological correlation. The aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy of LC-OCT in diagnosing clinically unsure cases of BCC compared to dermoscopy alone and in distinguishing between superficial BCCs and other BCC subtypes. Moreover, we addressed pitfalls in false positive cases. We prospectively enrolled 182 lesions of 154 patients, referred to our department to confirm or to rule out the diagnosis of BCC. Dermoscopy and LC-OCT images were evaluated by two experts independently. Image quality, LC-OCT patterns and criteria, diagnosis, BCC subtype, and diagnostic confidence were assessed. Sensitivity and specificity of additional LC-OCT were compared to dermoscopy alone for identifying BCC in clinically unclear lesions. In addition, key LC-OCT features to distinguish between BCCs and non-BCCs and to differentiate superficial BCCs from other BCC subtypes were determined by linear regressions. Diagnostic confidence was rated as “high” in only 48% of the lesions with dermoscopy alone compared to 70% with LC-OCT. LC-OCT showed a high sensitivity (98%) and specificity (80%) compared to histology, and these were even higher (100% sensitivity and 97% specificity) in the subgroup of lesions with high diagnostic confidence. Interobserver agreement was nearly perfect (95%). The combination of dermoscopy and LC-OCT reached a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 81.2% in all cases and increased to sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 94.9% in cases with a high diagnostic confidence. The performance of LC-OCT was influenced by the image quality but not by the anatomical location of the lesion. The most specific morphological LC-OCT criteria in BCCs compared to non-BCCs were: less defined dermoepidermal junction (DEJ), hyporeflective tumor lobules, and dark rim. The most relevant features of the subgroup of superficial BCCs (sBCCs) were: string of pearls pattern and absence of epidermal thinning. Our diagnostic confidence, sensitivity, and specificity in detecting BCCs in the context of clinically equivocal lesions significantly improved using LC-OCT in comparison to dermoscopy only. Operator training for image acquisition is fundamental to achieve the best results. Not only the differential diagnosis of BCC, but also BCC subtyping can be performed at bedside with LC-OCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Gust
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, 80337 Munich, Germany; (C.G.); (F.D.); (D.H.); (L.E.F.)
| | - Sandra Schuh
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, 86179 Augsburg, Germany; (S.S.); (J.W.)
| | - Julia Welzel
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, 86179 Augsburg, Germany; (S.S.); (J.W.)
| | - Fabia Daxenberger
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, 80337 Munich, Germany; (C.G.); (F.D.); (D.H.); (L.E.F.)
| | - Daniela Hartmann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, 80337 Munich, Germany; (C.G.); (F.D.); (D.H.); (L.E.F.)
| | - Lars E. French
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, 80337 Munich, Germany; (C.G.); (F.D.); (D.H.); (L.E.F.)
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33125, USA
| | - Cristel Ruini
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, 80337 Munich, Germany; (C.G.); (F.D.); (D.H.); (L.E.F.)
- PhD School in Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
- Correspondence: (C.R.); (E.C.S.); Tel.: +49-(0)89-4400-56010 (C.R.)
| | - Elke C. Sattler
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, 80337 Munich, Germany; (C.G.); (F.D.); (D.H.); (L.E.F.)
- Correspondence: (C.R.); (E.C.S.); Tel.: +49-(0)89-4400-56010 (C.R.)
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Chauvel-Picard J, Bérot V, Tognetti L, Orte Cano C, Fontaine M, Lenoir C, Pérez-Anker J, Puig S, Dubois A, Forestier S, Monnier J, Jdid R, Cazorla G, Pedrazzani M, Sanchez A, Fischman S, Rubegni P, Del Marmol V, Malvehy J, Cinotti E, Perrot JL, Suppa M. Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography as a tool for three-dimensional in vivo quantification of healthy epidermis: A pilot study. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2022; 15:e202100236. [PMID: 34608756 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202100236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal three-dimensional (3D) topography/quantification has not been completely characterized yet. The recently developed line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) provides real-time, high-resolution, in-vivo 3D imaging of the skin. This pilot study aimed at quantifying epidermal metrics (epidermal thicknesses, dermal-epidermal junction [DEJ] undulation and keratinocyte number/shape/size) using 3D LC-OCT. For each study participant (8 female, skin-type-II, younger/older volunteers), seven body sites were imaged with LC-OCT. Epidermal metrics were calculated by segmentations and measurements assisted by artificial intelligence (AI) when appropriate. Thicknesses of epidermis/SC, DEJ undulation and keratinocyte nuclei volume varied across body sites. Evidence of keratinocyte maturation was observed in vivo: keratinocyte nuclei being small/spherical near the DEJ and flatter/elliptical near the skin surface. Skin microanatomy can be quantified by combining LC-OCT and AI. This technology could be highly relevant to understand aging processes and conditions linked to epidermal disorders. Future clinical/research applications are to be expected in this scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Chauvel-Picard
- Department of Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Vincent Bérot
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Linda Tognetti
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Carmen Orte Cano
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Margot Fontaine
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Clément Lenoir
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Javiera Pérez-Anker
- Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de enfermedades raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Puig
- Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de enfermedades raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arnaud Dubois
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut d'Optique Graduate School, Laboratoire Charles Fabry, Palaiseau, France
| | - Sandra Forestier
- Chanel Parfums Beauté, Innovation Research and Development, Pantin, France
| | - Jilliana Monnier
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Cancer, la Timone hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD), Paris, France
| | - Randa Jdid
- Chanel Parfums Beauté, Innovation Research and Development, Pantin, France
| | - Gabriel Cazorla
- Chanel Parfums Beauté, Innovation Research and Development, Pantin, France
| | | | - Antoine Sanchez
- DAMAE Medical, Paris, France
- Department of Bioengineering, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Pietro Rubegni
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Véronique Del Marmol
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joseph Malvehy
- Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de enfermedades raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisa Cinotti
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD), Paris, France
| | - Jean L Perrot
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
- Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD), Paris, France
| | - Mariano Suppa
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD), Paris, France
- Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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Niculet E, Craescu M, Rebegea L, Bobeica C, Nastase F, Lupasteanu G, Stan DJ, Chioncel V, Anghel L, Lungu M, Tatu AL. Basal cell carcinoma: Comprehensive clinical and histopathological aspects, novel imaging tools and therapeutic approaches (Review). Exp Ther Med 2021; 23:60. [PMID: 34917186 PMCID: PMC8630439 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide, involving the skin. It is also part of keratinocyte carcinomas, alongside its squamous counterpart. It has low mortality and extremely low metastatic rates (although when present, it indicates a poor patient prognosis); it also has a high morbidity rate through local destruction and recurrence, particularly when perineural invasion is observed, clinically or histopathologically. BCC development is the result of environmental and patient factors, with genetics and ultraviolet radiation playing major roles. The clinical and histopathological aspects vary according to tumor subtype, being classified as high-risk tumors (nodular, superficial, pigmented and infundibulocystic BCC with adnexal differentiation) and fibroepithelial subtypes, or as high-risk tumors (micronodular, infiltrating, sclerosing/morphoeic and basosquamous subtype or the type with sarcomatoid differentiation). Dermoscopy is now complimented by novel in vivo diagnostic tools (optical coherence tomography, reflectance confocal microscopy, high-resolution ultrasonography, Raman spectroscopy or terahertz pulse imaging), improving the diagnostic accuracy and providing tumor depth and lateral margins without the use of invasive techniques. Novel treatment approaches for the treatment of BCC have recently been investigated with the use of hedgehog pathway inhibitors, such as Vismodegib. These approaches aim for complete resolution, minimal side-effects, high patient satisfaction with the optimal cosmetic results, particularly in key areas, such as the face. The present review article summarizes and discusses the comprehensive clinical and histopathological aspects of BCC, and presents novel imaging tools and therapeutic approaches that have been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Niculet
- Department of Morphological and Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunarea de Jos' University, 800010 Galați, Romania.,Department of Pathology, 'Sfantul Apostol Andrei' Emergency Clinical Hospital, 800578 Galați, Romania
| | - Mihaela Craescu
- Department of Morphological and Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunarea de Jos' University, 800010 Galați, Romania.,Department of Clinical Radiotherapy, 'Sfantul Apostol Andrei' Emergency Clinical Hospital, 800578 Galați, Romania
| | - Laura Rebegea
- Department of Clinical Radiotherapy, 'Sfantul Apostol Andrei' Emergency Clinical Hospital, 800578 Galați, Romania.,Department of Neuropsychomotor Rehabilitation, 'Sf. Ioan' Clinical Hospital for Children, 800487 Galați, Romania
| | - Carmen Bobeica
- Department of Morphological and Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunarea de Jos' University, 800010 Galați, Romania
| | - Florentina Nastase
- Department of Neuropsychomotor Rehabilitation, 'Sf. Ioan' Clinical Hospital for Children, 800487 Galați, Romania
| | - Gabriela Lupasteanu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, 'Sf. Cuvioasa Parascheva' Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, 800179 Galați, Romania.,Medical Doctoral School, 'Ovidius' University, 900573 Constanta, Romania
| | - Daniela Jicman Stan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, 'Sfantul Apostol Andrei' Emergency Clinical Hospital, 800578 Galați, Romania.,Biomedical Doctoral School, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunarea de Jos' University of Galați, 800010 Galați, Romania
| | - Valentin Chioncel
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Clinical Cardiology, 'Bagdasar Arseni' Emergency Hospital, 041915 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Lucretia Anghel
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunarea de Jos' University, 800010 Galați, Romania
| | - Mihaela Lungu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunarea de Jos' University, 800010 Galați, Romania
| | - Alin Laurentiu Tatu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunarea de Jos' University, 800010 Galați, Romania.,Department of Dermatology, 'Sfanta Cuvioasa Parascheva' Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, 800179 Galați, Romania.,Research Center in the Field of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, ReFORM-UDJ, 'Dunărea de Jos' University, 800010 Galați, Romania.,Multidisciplinary Integrated Center of Dermatological Interface Research MIC-DIR (Centrul Integrat Multidisciplinar de Cercetare de Interfata Dermatologica - CIM-CID), 'Dunărea de Jos' University, 800010 Galați, Romania
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44
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Cinotti E, Tognetti L, Cartocci A, Lamberti A, Gherbassi S, Orte Cano C, Lenoir C, Dejonckheere G, Diet G, Fontaine M, Miyamoto M, Perez‐Anker J, Solmi V, Malvehy J, del Marmol V, Perrot JL, Rubegni P, Suppa M. Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography for actinic keratosis and squamous cell carcinoma: a descriptive study. Clin Exp Dermatol 2021; 46:1530-1541. [PMID: 34115900 PMCID: PMC9293459 DOI: 10.1111/ced.14801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early and accurate diagnosis of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and actinic keratoses (AK) is fundamental to reduce their associated morbidity and to select the correct treatment. Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) is a new imaging device that can characterize healthy skin and basal cell carcinoma, but no large studies on keratinocyte cell tumours have yet been published. AIM To identify and describe LC-OCT criteria associated with SCC and AK, and to compare LC-OCT findings in these tumours. METHODS A retrospective observational multicentre study was conducted. Lesions were imaged with the LC-OCT device before surgery and examined histologically. LC-OCT criteria for AK/SCC were identified and their presence was evaluated in all study lesions. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to compare AK and SCCs, and to investigate differences between in situ and invasive tumours. RESULTS In total, 158 patients with 50 AK and 108 SCCs (62 in situ and 46 invasive) were included. Cytological and architectural alterations were found in most lesions, and differences were found between AK and SCCs. Although the visualization of the dermoepidermal junction (DEJ) was often hampered by hyperkeratosis and acanthosis, an outlined DEJ without broad strands was observed in almost all AK and almost all in situ SCCs, but in only three invasive SCCs (P < 0.001) when the DEJ was detectable. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that LC-OCT can help clinicians in the identification of AK and SCC and their differentiation, providing a real-time and noninvasive examination. Further studies are needed to confirm our data.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Cinotti
- Dermatology UnitDepartment of MedicalSurgical and Neurological SciencesUniversity of SienaSienaItaly
| | - L. Tognetti
- Dermatology UnitDepartment of MedicalSurgical and Neurological SciencesUniversity of SienaSienaItaly
| | - A. Cartocci
- Department of Medical BiotechnologiesUniversity of SienaSienaItaly
| | - A. Lamberti
- Dermatology UnitDepartment of MedicalSurgical and Neurological SciencesUniversity of SienaSienaItaly
| | - S. Gherbassi
- Dermatology UnitDepartment of MedicalSurgical and Neurological SciencesUniversity of SienaSienaItaly
| | - C. Orte Cano
- Department of DermatologyHôpital ErasmeUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | - C. Lenoir
- Department of DermatologyHôpital ErasmeUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | - G. Dejonckheere
- Department of DermatologyHôpital ErasmeUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | - G. Diet
- Department of DermatologyHôpital ErasmeUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | - M. Fontaine
- Department of DermatologyHôpital ErasmeUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | - M. Miyamoto
- Department of DermatologyHôpital ErasmeUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | - J. Perez‐Anker
- Melanoma UnitHospital Clinic BarcelonaUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- CIBER de Enfermedades RarasInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIBarcelonaSpain
| | - V. Solmi
- Dermatology UnitDepartment of MedicalSurgical and Neurological SciencesUniversity of SienaSienaItaly
| | - J. Malvehy
- Melanoma UnitHospital Clinic BarcelonaUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- CIBER de Enfermedades RarasInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIBarcelonaSpain
| | - V. del Marmol
- Department of DermatologyHôpital ErasmeUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | - J. L. Perrot
- Department of DermatologyUniversity Hospital of Saint‐EtienneSaint‐EtienneFrance
| | - P. Rubegni
- Dermatology UnitDepartment of MedicalSurgical and Neurological SciencesUniversity of SienaSienaItaly
| | - M. Suppa
- Department of DermatologyHôpital ErasmeUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
- Department of DermatologyInstitut Jules BordetUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
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45
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Møller Israelsen N, Mogensen M, Jensen M, Haedersdal M, Bang O. Delineating papillary dermis around basal cell carcinomas by high and ultrahigh resolution optical coherence tomography-A pilot study. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2021; 14:e202100083. [PMID: 34245133 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202100083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bedside diagnosis of skin cancer remains a challenging task. The real-time noninvasive technology of optical coherence tomography (OCT) masters a high diagnostic accuracy in basal cell carcinoma (BCC) but a lower specificity in recognizing imitators and other carcinomas. We investigate the delicate signal of papillary dermis using an in-house developed ultrahigh resolution OCT (UHR-OCT) system with shadow compensation and a commercial multi-focus high resolution OCT (HR-OCT) system for clinical BCC imaging. We find that the HR-OCT system struggled to resolve the dark band signal of papillary dermis where the UHR-OCT located this in all cases and detected changes in signal width. UHR-OCT is able to monitor extension and position of papillary dermis suggesting a novel feature for delineating superficial BCCs in pursuit of a fast accurate diagnosis. Comprehensive studies involving more patients are imperative in order to corroborate results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Møller Israelsen
- DTU Fotonik, Department of Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mette Mogensen
- Department of Dermatology, Bisbebjerg Hospital, University Hospitals of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, NV, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Jensen
- DTU Fotonik, Department of Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Merete Haedersdal
- Department of Dermatology, Bisbebjerg Hospital, University Hospitals of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, NV, Denmark
| | - Ole Bang
- DTU Fotonik, Department of Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- NKT Photonics A/S, Birkerød, Denmark
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46
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Abstract
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and confocal laser microscopy (CLSM) are established non-invasive methods in clinical dermatological routine diagnosis. Whereas CLSM is especially useful to distinguish between nevi and melanoma, OCT is suitable for the diagnosis and differentiation of non-melanoma skin cancer. Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) is a new innovative device, which has better cellular resolution than OCT and a higher penetration depth than CLSM. Similar to CLSM, LC-OCT also allows 3D images in real time to be taken. Therefore LC-OCT is very useful for the examination of skin lesions of all kinds, since it unites the features of CLSM and OCT.
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47
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Line-Field Confocal Optical Coherence Tomography May Enhance Monitoring of Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma Treated with Imiquimod 5% Cream: A Pilot Study. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194913. [PMID: 34638396 PMCID: PMC8507996 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) is a novel, non-invasive technique for real-time skin imaging. Imiquimod (IQ) 5% cream is an immune response modifier currently approved for the treatment of small, superficial basal cell carcinoma (BCC). The aim of this study was to investigate if LC-OCT may be useful to enhance the treatment monitoring of BCC. Twenty superficial BCCs from 12 patients were treated with IQ 5% cream once daily, five days a week, for six weeks. Clinical and LC-OCT evaluations were performed at baseline and 4 weeks after the end of treatment. At the end of the study, 13 lesions showed a complete clinical and LC-OCT response, 4 lesions a partial clinical and LC-OCT response, and 3 lesions a complete clinical response but residual tumoral signs at LC-OCT. Our pilot study suggests that LC-OCT may represent a promising tool able to enhance the evaluation of the treatment response of BCCs to non-invasive treatments. In our case series, its use highlighted, through a detailed, fast, and complete examination of the treated area, three cases of residual BCC that otherwise would have gone undetected at clinical examination. Future studies on larger series of patients treated with different modalities and with a longer follow-up are advisable.
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48
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Cappilli S, Dejonckheere G, Hajjar N, Cinotti E, Tognetti L, Perez-Anker J, Rubegni P, Puig S, Malvehy J, Perrot JL, Del Marmol V, Peris K, Suppa M. Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography: a case on the importance of full-lesion examination for basal cell carcinoma. Int J Dermatol 2021; 61:e248-e250. [PMID: 34591332 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.15930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Cappilli
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Dermatologia, Rome, Italy.,Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Guillaume Dejonckheere
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nancy Hajjar
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elisa Cinotti
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD), Paris, France
| | - Linda Tognetti
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Javiera Perez-Anker
- Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de enfermedades raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pietro Rubegni
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Susana Puig
- Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de enfermedades raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Malvehy
- Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de enfermedades raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jean L Perrot
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Véronique Del Marmol
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ketty Peris
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Dermatologia, Rome, Italy.,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariano Suppa
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD), Paris, France.,Department of Dermatology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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49
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Lenoir C, Cinotti E, Tognetti L, Orte Cano C, Diet G, Miyamoto M, Rocq L, Trépant AL, Perez-Anker J, Puig S, Malvehy J, Rubegni P, Perrot JL, Del Marmol V, Suppa M. Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography of actinic keratosis: a case series. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 35:e900-e902. [PMID: 34310768 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Lenoir
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - E Cinotti
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de Dermatologie, Paris, France
| | - L Tognetti
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - C Orte Cano
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - G Diet
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Miyamoto
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - L Rocq
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A-L Trépant
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - J Perez-Anker
- Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de enfermedades raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Puig
- Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de enfermedades raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Malvehy
- Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de enfermedades raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Rubegni
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - J-L Perrot
- Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de Dermatologie, Paris, France.,Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - V Del Marmol
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de Dermatologie, Paris, France
| | - M Suppa
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de Dermatologie, Paris, France.,Department of Dermatology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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50
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Tognetti L, Carraro A, Cinotti E, Suppa M, Del Marmol V, Perrot JL, Rubegni P. Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography for non-invasive diagnosis of lichenoid dermatoses of the childhood: A case series. Skin Res Technol 2021; 27:1178-1181. [PMID: 34227706 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Tognetti
- Dermatology Section, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Science, University of Siena, S. Maria alle Scotte Hospital, Siena, Italy
| | - Andrea Carraro
- Dermatology Section, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Science, University of Siena, S. Maria alle Scotte Hospital, Siena, Italy
| | - Elisa Cinotti
- Dermatology Section, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Science, University of Siena, S. Maria alle Scotte Hospital, Siena, Italy.,Groupe d'imagerie cutanée non invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD), Paris, France
| | - Mariano Suppa
- Groupe d'imagerie cutanée non invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD), Paris, France.,Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Veronique Del Marmol
- Groupe d'imagerie cutanée non invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD), Paris, France.,Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean Luc Perrot
- Groupe d'imagerie cutanée non invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD), Paris, France.,Department of Dermatology, CHU St.Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Pietro Rubegni
- Dermatology Section, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Science, University of Siena, S. Maria alle Scotte Hospital, Siena, Italy
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