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Liu X, Song B, Jin H. Abrocitinib Improved Dupilumab-Resistant Severe Atopic Dermatitis with Comorbid Mild Alopecia Areata in a 12-Year-Old Boy: A Case Report with 1-Year Follow-Up. J Asthma Allergy 2024; 17:305-311. [PMID: 38585501 PMCID: PMC10998503 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s458684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) may sometimes be comorbid with alopecia areata (AA). However, traditional treatments for AA show limited efficacy. New treatment options, such as dupilumab and Janus kinase inhibitors, have proven efficacy in addressing both AD and AA. This article highlights the challenging case of a 12-year-old boy experiencing severe refractory AD and comorbid AA treated with oral abrocitinib after dupilumab failure with 1-year follow-up. After 3 months of treatment, his skin manifestations improved and the hair completely regenerated. No adverse reactions were observed during the 1-year follow-up period. This case provides evidence of the efficacy and safety of using abrocitinib to treat pediatric patients with both AD and AA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Biao Song
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongzhong Jin
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Bao C, Zhao Y, Luo R, Xu Q, Tong Z, Xiao Z, Zhuang Z, Dai W, Gu B, Gong T, Cheng B, Ji C. Application and Comparison of Dermoscopy and Reflectance Confocal Microscopy in the Target Treatment of Genital Lichen Sclerosus: A Single-Arm Prospective Study. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2023; 13:3071-3084. [PMID: 37840118 PMCID: PMC10689603 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-023-01039-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The treatment of genital lichen sclerosus (GLS) remains challenging. Baricitinib has been introduced in the treatment of GLS, but there's no imaging evaluation for GLS patients treated with it. No comparison of dermoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) assessments in GLS has been conducted. We performed this study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of baricitinib for GLS and to compare the value of dermoscopy and RCM assessments in GLS. METHODS Participants were treated with baricitinib for 6 months and assessed at week 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and every 4 weeks for the next 16 weeks. All patients were evaluated for clinical, dermoscopic, and RCM variables, with numeric scores assigned to each parameter. RESULTS Twenty-six GLS patients were included in this study. All patients achieved Investigator's Global Assessment score ≤ 1 (with ≥ 2-grade improvement) at week 20. The scores of pruritus and pain decreased since week 2 (both P < 0.05). The DLQI and VQLI scores significantly decreased since week 4 (both P < 0.0001). White structureless areas improved at week 2 and white shiny streaks and follicular plugs improved at week 4 under dermoscopic examination. Vessels (P < 0.001) and brown structureless areas (P = 0.003) increased at week 8. In RCM, inflammatory cells count significantly decreased at week 2 (100.03 ± 33.24, P < 0.0001), with substantial regression at week 8 (16.98 ± 5.54, P < 0.0001). Epidermal thickness increased at week 12 (157.44 ± 37.87 μm versus 134.13 ± 36.60 μm, P = 0.0284). Irregular papillae, spongiosis, and fiber structures improved at week 20, week 4, and week 6 (all P < 0.01). Transient hypercholesterolemia (11.54%), thrombocytosis (7.69%), and elevated alanine aminotransferase (7.69%) occurred during treatment. CONCLUSION Both dermoscopy and RCM can be useful and non-invasive adjuvant tools for the evaluation and therapeutic monitoring of GLS. We recommended white structureless areas under dermoscopy and inflammatory cells count under RCM as variables for dermatologic imaging evaluation for GLS. Baricitinib is effective and safe for GLS, while randomized controlled trials are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengbei Bao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China
- Fujian Dermatology and Venereology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China
- Fujian Dermatology and Venereology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China
| | - Renwei Luo
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China
- Fujian Dermatology and Venereology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China
| | - Qiuyun Xu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China
- Fujian Dermatology and Venereology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China
| | - Zequn Tong
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China
- Fujian Dermatology and Venereology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China
| | - Zhixun Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China
- Fujian Dermatology and Venereology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China
| | - Zheyu Zhuang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China
- Fujian Dermatology and Venereology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China
| | - Wenjia Dai
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 035599, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bohan Gu
- Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Gong
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China
| | - Bo Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China.
- Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China.
- Fujian Dermatology and Venereology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China.
| | - Chao Ji
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China.
- Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China.
- Fujian Dermatology and Venereology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China.
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Huang J, Li T, Tan Z, Tang Y, Li J, Liu F, Shi W. Effectiveness of Tofacitinib in Pre-adolescent Alopecia Areata: A Retrospective Case Series and Literature Review. Acta Derm Venereol 2023; 103:adv13418. [PMID: 37731213 PMCID: PMC10525442 DOI: 10.2340/actadv.v103.13418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Alopecia areata (AA) is a common cause of hair loss in children. Despite numerous therapeutic options for paediatric AA, none have been found to be both effective and safe. Recent studies have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of the Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor tofacitinib in adult patients with AA, whereas data on paediatric patients with AA in real-world practice are limited. This was a single-centre, retrospective study that included 11 pre-adolescent patients with AA treated with tofacitinib between December 2021 and September 2022. Clinical characteristics of patients, clinical response and adverse events were evaluated. Overall, 82% (9/11) of patients experienced hair regrowth and 64% (7/11) of patients experienced over 50% improvement in their Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) scores. Adverse events were mild. In the literature, tofacitinib has been used to treat AA in 31 children ≤12 years of age who failed to respond to prior treatments. Eighty-seven percent (27/31) of these patients showed significant responses based on changes in their SALT scores. This case series demonstrates that oral tofacitinib is an effective and safe treatment option for paediatric AA, particularly for children who have failed to respond to traditional treatments or are not suitable for such treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jundong Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,Hu Nan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Changsha, China.
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,Hu Nan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Changsha, China
| | - Zixin Tan
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,Hu Nan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hu Nan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Changsha, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,Hu Nan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Changsha, China
| | - Fanfeng Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,Hu Nan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Changsha, China.
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,Hu Nan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Changsha, China.
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